CN101848024B - Method and device for shaping wave beam of intelligent antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a smart antenna beam forming method and device. The method includes: for a smart antenna composed of K antennas, the space division multiple is M, K and M are both natural numbers and K is greater than or equal to M, dividing K antennas into M sub-antenna groups, and one antenna belongs to only one Sub-antenna groups, there is a one-to-one correspondence between M sub-antenna groups and the M-dimensional space, and each user data in the M-dimensional space is only sent on the antenna in the sub-antenna group corresponding to the space where the user is located. According to the antenna state The user data and the beamforming coefficients are preprocessed, and beamforming calculation processing is performed using the preprocessed user data and the beamforming coefficients. The technical solution of the present invention can reduce the calculation amount in the beam forming process and reduce the cost.

Description

A smart antenna beamforming method and device

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a smart antenna beam forming method and device.

Background technique

With the continuous increase of data users and the increasing demand for high-speed data services, the data throughput and spectrum efficiency of wireless systems have increasingly become the bottleneck for the development of data services. Space-division multiplexing technology uses different users to form different channels. Space-isolated users use the same physical resources to realize multiplexing of physical resources, thereby improving the data throughput and spectrum utilization efficiency of the wireless system.

The application of space division multiplexing technology will significantly increase the calculation amount of beamforming of smart antennas. In the existing implementation scheme, after the beamforming is performed on the user modulated data in the multiplexing space of each dimension, the beamformed data of each dimension is summed, and the obtained sum value is the total data sent to the antenna.

When the smart antenna is composed of K antennas, the multiple of space division multiplexing is M, that is, M-dimensional space, the maximum number of users in a single-dimensional space is N, and d_burst _p ^{(m, n)} is the nth user in the m-dimensional space The modulation data of , the subscript p represents the pth sampling point of a certain processing time slot; Tx_beamfor min g ^{(m, n, k)} is the shaping coefficient corresponding to the nth user in the mth dimensional space on the antenna k; d_ready _p ^(k) is the total data sent to antenna k, then the following formula holds:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; ready</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}}\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; burst</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Tx</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; beamfor</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; min</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

Wherein, k=1,..., K; m=1,..., M; n=1,..., N; "·" means multiplication.

It can be seen from formula (1) that for a smart antenna composed of K antennas, M×N×K multiplication calculations are required at each sampling point to obtain the total data sent to the antenna.

Therefore, the multiplication calculation in the existing smart antenna beamforming method is huge, which limits the use and realization of the space division multiplexing technology and increases the cost.

Contents of the invention

The invention discloses a smart antenna beam forming method, which can reduce the calculation amount and cost in the beam forming process.

The invention also discloses a smart antenna beam forming device, which can reduce the calculation amount and cost in the beam forming process.

In order to achieve the above object, technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that way:

The invention discloses a smart antenna beamforming method. For a smart antenna composed of K antennas, the space division multiple is M, K and M are both natural numbers and K is greater than or equal to M, and the K antennas are divided into M sub-antenna groups , and one antenna only belongs to one sub-antenna group, there is a one-to-one correspondence between M sub-antenna groups and M-dimensional space, and the data of each user in the M-dimensional space is only in the antenna in the sub-antenna group corresponding to the space where the user is located In the case of sending above, the method includes:

Assigning an antenna state parameter to each user in the M-dimensional space; the antenna state parameter indicates the antenna contained in the sub-antenna group corresponding to the space where the user is located;

Preprocessing the user modulation data according to the antenna state parameters to obtain the user modulation data to be sent by each antenna;

Preprocessing the beamforming coefficients according to the antenna state parameters to obtain the beamforming coefficients corresponding to the user modulation data to be transmitted by each antenna;

The beamforming processing is performed by using the user modulation data to be transmitted by each antenna obtained after preprocessing and the beamforming coefficients corresponding to the user modulation data to be transmitted by each antenna.

The invention also discloses a smart antenna beamforming device, which is applied to a smart antenna consisting of K antennas, the space division multiple is M, and when K and M are both natural numbers and K is greater than or equal to M, the K antennas are divided into There are M sub-antenna groups, and one antenna belongs to only one sub-antenna group. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the M sub-antenna groups and the M-dimensional space. The data of each user in the M-dimensional space is only in the corresponding sub-antenna group of the user’s space. In the case of transmitting on the antennas in the antenna group, the device includes: an upper layer module and a beamforming module, wherein,

The upper layer module is used to assign an antenna state parameter to each user in the M-dimensional space, and send the antenna state parameter to the beamforming module; the antenna state parameter indicates the antenna contained in the sub-antenna group corresponding to the space where the user is located;

The beamforming module is used to preprocess the user modulation data according to the antenna state parameters to obtain the user modulation data to be sent by each antenna; it is used to preprocess the beamforming coefficients according to the antenna state parameters to obtain the required data for each antenna. The beamforming coefficient corresponding to the transmitted user modulation data; used to perform beamforming using the preprocessed user modulation data to be transmitted by each antenna and the beamforming coefficient corresponding to the user modulation data to be transmitted by each antenna shape processing.

As can be seen from the above, the smart antenna of the present invention is composed of K antennas, the space division multiple is M, K and M are both natural numbers and K is greater than or equal to M, K antennas are divided into M sub-antenna groups, and one antenna only Belonging to a sub-antenna group, there is a one-to-one correspondence between M sub-antenna groups and the M-dimensional space, and each user data in the M-dimensional space is only sent on the antenna in the sub-antenna group corresponding to the space where the user is located, through Use the antenna state parameters to rearrange the user modulation data and antenna forming coefficients according to the antenna, and the M antenna groups corresponding to the M-dimensional space, and the user data and beamforming coefficients on one or more antennas in each antenna group The multi-dimensional calculation of K antennas is converted into the calculation of user data and beamforming coefficients in each one-dimensional space of K antennas, so that each antenna only needs to perform beamforming processing on the modulated data of users in one-dimensional space, which is compared with the existing technology Compared with the need to perform beamforming processing on the modulated data of the M-dimensional space users for each antenna, the amount of calculation is greatly reduced, and the cost is reduced.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a smart antenna beamforming method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a smart antenna beamforming device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of the beamforming module 202 in FIG. 2 .

Detailed ways

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a smart antenna beamforming method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, for a smart antenna composed of K antennas, the space division multiple is M, K and M are both natural numbers and K is greater than or equal to M, K antennas are divided into M sub-antenna groups, and one antenna belongs to only one There is a one-to-one correspondence between the sub-antenna groups and the M sub-antenna groups and the M-dimensional space. The modulated and beam-formed data of each user in the M-dimensional space is only in the sub-antenna group corresponding to the space where the user is located. In the case of antenna transmission the method includes:

Step 101, assigning an antenna state parameter to each user in the M-dimensional space; the antenna state parameter indicates the antennas included in the sub-antenna group corresponding to the space where the user is located.

Here, the space division multiple is M, that is, there is an M-dimensional space.

Step 102, preprocessing the user modulation data according to the antenna state parameters to obtain the user modulation data to be transmitted by each antenna; preprocessing the beamforming coefficients according to the antenna state parameters to obtain the user modulation data to be transmitted by each antenna Corresponding beamforming coefficients.

Step 103 , performing beamforming processing by using the user modulation data to be transmitted by each antenna obtained after preprocessing and the beamforming coefficients corresponding to the user modulation data to be transmitted by each antenna.

In the method shown in Figure 1, when the smart antenna performs space division multiplexing, the users in each dimension space only use the antennas in the sub-antenna group assigned to the space, and the antennas in the sub-antenna group transmit effective The data on other antennas outside the sub-antenna group is 0; the sub-antenna group is composed of one or more antennas in the smart antenna, and the sub-antenna groups used in each dimension do not overlap each other, and the Each single antenna belongs to at most one sub-antenna group. Therefore, for each single antenna, there will actually only be effective data of users in 1-dimensional space, which greatly reduces the computational complexity compared to the effective data of users in M-dimensional space for each single antenna in the prior art. amount, reducing system consumption.

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail below.

In this embodiment, when the upper layer allocates resources to users, an antenna status parameter ant_status (0: K-1) is used to indicate the sub-antenna group used by the current user, that is, the antenna status parameter indicates the sub-antenna group corresponding to the space where the user is located. The antennas contained in the antenna group. For example, the antenna status parameter ant_status ^{(m, n)} of the nth user in the m-dimensional space can be represented by K bits, each bit corresponds to an antenna in the smart antenna, and each bit has two Different values respectively indicate whether the user uses the antenna. In this embodiment, if the corresponding bit is 1, it means that the antenna is used, and if the corresponding bit is 0, it means that the antenna is not used.

For example: Suppose the smart antenna is composed of 8 antennas, which are antennas 1 to 8, and the space division multiple is 3, that is, there are 3-dimensional space users; the 8 antennas are divided into three sub-antenna groups, and antennas 1, 2 and 3 are The first sub-antenna group, antennas 4 and 5 are the second sub-antenna group, and antennas 6, 7, and 8 are the third sub-antenna group; users in the first dimension use the antennas in the first sub-antenna group, and the second dimension The users in the space use the antennas in the second sub-antenna group, and the users in the third-dimensional space use the antennas in the third sub-antenna group; then the antenna state parameters of each user can be represented by 8 bits, and the first dimension The antenna state parameter of each user in the space is 11100000, the antenna state parameter of each user in the second-dimensional space is 00011000, and the antenna state parameter of each user in the third-dimensional space is 00000111.

Utilize the antenna state parameter ant_status ^{(m, n)} , m=1,..., M, n=1,..., N, to preprocess the modulated user data, specifically to obtain each antenna state parameter according to the antenna state parameter The user modulation data to be transmitted by the antenna; wherein, the user modulation data to be transmitted by each antenna only includes the modulation data of the user in the space corresponding to the sub-antenna group where the antenna is located.

The preprocessing of the modulated data is as follows:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; burst</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; new</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; burst</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; if\; you\; want</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; status</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>\\ {\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; burst</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; if\; you\; want</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; status</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>\\ <span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>& \\ {\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; burst</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; if</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; ant</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; status</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>\\ \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; else</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>\end{array}\right.$

Among them, k=1,..., K; n=1,..., N, ant_status ^{(m=1, n)} (k)=1 represents the antenna status parameter of the nth user in the 1st dimensional space The kth bit of is 1, d_burst _p ^{(m=1, n)} represents the modulated data of the nth user in the 1st dimensional space, and so on.

Use the antenna status parameter ant_status ^{(m, n)} , m=1,..., M, n=1,..., N to preprocess the beamforming coefficients to obtain the user modulation data to be sent by each antenna The corresponding beamforming coefficients.

The beamforming coefficients are preprocessed as follows:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Tx</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; beamfor</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; min</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; new</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\left\{\begin{array}{cc}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Tx</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; beamfor</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; min</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; if\; you\; want</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; status</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>\\ {\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Tx</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; beamfor</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; min</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; if\; you\; want</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; tatus</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>\\ <span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>& \\ {\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Tx</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; beamfor</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; min</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; if\; you\; want</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; status</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>\\ \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; else</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>\end{array}\right.$

Among them, k=1,..., K; n=1,..., N, ant_status ^{(m=1, n)} (k)=1 represents the antenna status parameter of the nth user in the 1st dimensional space The kth bit of is 1, Tx_beamfor min g ^{(m=1, n, k)} represents the beamforming coefficient of the nth user on antenna k in the 1st dimensional space, and so on.

The total data sent to the kth antenna after the above preprocessing is:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; ready</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; burst</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; new</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Tx</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; beamfor</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; min</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \_</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; new</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

After the total data on each antenna is obtained according to formula (2), radio frequency processing is performed, and the data after radio frequency processing is sent to the corresponding antenna.

In this way, corresponding to each sampling point, the data generation of K antennas only needs N×K times of multiplication processing. It realizes that the calculation amount of multiplication of M times space division multiplexing is reduced to the calculation amount of non-space division common smart antenna application, and the realization structure is the same as that of non-space division common smart antenna application multiplexing.

FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a smart antenna beamforming device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The device is applied to smart antennas and consists of K antennas, the space division multiple is M, K and M are natural numbers and K is greater than or equal to M, K antennas are divided into M sub-antenna groups, and one antenna belongs to only one sub-antenna group , there is a one-to-one correspondence between the M sub-antenna groups and the M-dimensional space, and the modulated and beamformed data of each user in the M-dimensional space is only sent on the antenna in the sub-antenna group corresponding to the space where the user is located In the case of , as shown in FIG. 2 , the device includes: an upper layer module 201 and a beamforming module 202, wherein,

The upper layer module 201 is configured to assign an antenna state parameter to each user in the M-dimensional space, and send the antenna state parameter to the beamforming module 202; the antenna state parameter indicates that the sub-antenna group corresponding to the user's space contains antenna;

The beamforming module 202 is used to preprocess the user modulation data according to the antenna state parameters to obtain the user modulation data to be sent by each antenna; it is used to preprocess the beamforming coefficients according to the antenna state parameters to obtain each antenna Beamforming coefficients corresponding to the user modulation data to be sent; used to perform beamforming using the user modulation data to be sent by each antenna obtained after preprocessing and the beamforming coefficients corresponding to the user modulation data to be sent by each antenna Shape-forming treatment.

Specifically, in the upper layer module 201, it is used to assign a K-bit bit string to each user in the M-dimensional space as the user's antenna state parameter; wherein, the K bits in the bit string and the K bits There is a one-to-one correspondence between the antennas, and two different values of each bit respectively indicate whether the user uses the antenna.

FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of the beamforming module 202 in FIG. 2 . As shown in FIG. 3 , the beamforming module 202 includes: an original data buffer module 301, an antenna state parameter buffer module 302, a shaping coefficient buffer module 303, a data modulation module 304, a modulated data preprocessing module 305, and a shaping coefficient preprocessing module. Module 306 and shaping processing module 307; wherein:

The original data cache module 301 is used to cache the original data of all users in the M-dimensional space;

An antenna state parameter cache module 302, configured to store the antenna state parameters of each user in the M-dimensional space;

Shaping coefficient cache module 303, configured to store the shaping coefficient corresponding to each user in the M-dimensional space on each antenna;

The data modulation module 304 is used to obtain the original data of all users in the M-dimensional space from the original data cache module and perform modulation processing to obtain modulated data and then send it to the modulated data preprocessing module 305;

The modulation data preprocessing module 305 is configured to obtain the antenna state parameters of each user in the M-dimensional space from the antenna state parameter buffer module 302, and obtain each The user modulation data to be sent by the root antenna is sent to the shaping processing module 307; wherein, the user modulation data to be sent by each antenna only includes the modulation data of the user in the space corresponding to the sub-antenna group where the antenna is located;

The shaping coefficient preprocessing module 306 is used to obtain the shaping coefficient corresponding to each user in the M-dimensional space on each antenna from the shaping coefficient buffer module 303, and obtain each user in the M-dimensional space from the antenna state parameter buffering module. Antenna state parameters of each user, according to the obtained shaping coefficients and antenna state parameters, obtain beamforming coefficients corresponding to user modulation data to be transmitted by each antenna, and send to the shaping processing module 307;

The shaping processing module 307 is configured to, for each antenna, multiply each user modulation data to be transmitted by the antenna with its corresponding beamforming coefficient to obtain beamforming data, and then perform beamforming on the obtained beamforming The total data that needs to be sent through the antenna is obtained after summing the data.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the beamforming module 202 further includes: a radio frequency processing module 308; the forming processing module 307 is further configured to, for each antenna, send the total data that needs to be sent through the antenna to the radio frequency processing module 308 ; The radio frequency processing module 308 is used to send the total data from the shaping processing module to the corresponding antenna. Here, the radio frequency processing module 308 mainly sends the total data signal to the antenna after high-frequency debugging.

The beamforming of the non-space-division smart antenna can also reuse the above-mentioned beamforming method and device in the present invention. This situation is only a special case of the above-mentioned embodiment, that is, the situation that the space division multiple is 1, and will not be repeated here.

As can be seen from the above, the present invention divides the K antennas into M sub-antenna groups for the case where the smart antenna is composed of K antennas, the space division multiple is M, K and M are both natural numbers, and K is greater than or equal to M. Each sub-antenna group includes more than one antenna, and one antenna belongs to only one sub-antenna group. A one-to-one correspondence is established between the M sub-antenna groups and the M-dimensional space. The modulation and beam assignment of each user in the M-dimensional space The technical scheme that the processed data is only sent on the antenna in the sub-antenna group corresponding to the space where the user is located, so that for each antenna, only the modulated data of the user in the one-dimensional space needs to be beam-formed, which is compared to Compared with the prior art, which needs to perform beamforming processing on the modulated data of the M-dimensional space users for each antenna, the amount of calculation is greatly reduced, and the cost is reduced.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (6)

1. A smart antenna beamforming method is characterized in that, for the smart antenna, it is composed of K antennas, the space division multiple is M, K and M are natural numbers and K is greater than or equal to M, and K antennas are divided into M sub- Antenna group, and an antenna belongs to only one sub-antenna group, there is a one-to-one correspondence between M sub-antenna groups and M-dimensional space, and the data of each user in the M-dimensional space is only in the sub-antenna group corresponding to the space where the user is located In the case of sending on the antenna, the method includes: Assigning an antenna state parameter to each user in the M-dimensional space; the antenna state parameter indicates the antenna contained in the sub-antenna group corresponding to the space where the user is located; Preprocessing the user modulation data according to the antenna state parameters to obtain the user modulation data to be sent by each antenna; Preprocessing the beamforming coefficients according to the antenna state parameters to obtain the beamforming coefficients corresponding to the user modulation data to be transmitted by each antenna; performing beamforming processing by using the user modulation data to be sent by each antenna obtained after preprocessing and the beamforming coefficients corresponding to the user modulation data to be sent by each antenna; Wherein, the preprocessing of the user modulation data according to the antenna state parameters to obtain the user modulation data to be transmitted by each antenna includes: obtaining the user modulation data to be transmitted by each antenna according to the antenna state parameters only includes the sub-antenna group where the antenna is located modulation data of users in the corresponding space; The beamforming process using the user modulation data to be sent by each antenna obtained after preprocessing and the beamforming coefficients corresponding to the user modulation data to be sent by each antenna includes: for each antenna, The transmitted modulated data of each user is multiplied by its corresponding beamforming coefficient to obtain beamformed data, and then the obtained beamformed data are summed to obtain the total data transmitted through the antenna. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: for each antenna, after obtaining the total data sent by the antenna, performing radio frequency processing on the total data, and sending the processed data to the antenna. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the antenna state parameter of each user is a bit string of K bits; wherein, K bits in the bit string correspond to K antennas one-to-one, each Two different values of the bit respectively indicate whether the user uses the antenna. 4. A smart antenna beamforming device, characterized in that the device is applied to a smart antenna consisting of K antennas, the space division multiple is M, K and M are natural numbers and K is greater than or equal to M, and K antennas are divided There are M sub-antenna groups, and one antenna belongs to only one sub-antenna group. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the M sub-antenna groups and the M-dimensional space. The data of each user in the M-dimensional space is only in the corresponding sub-antenna group of the user’s space. In the case of transmitting on the antennas in the antenna group, the device includes: an upper layer module and a beamforming module, wherein, The upper layer module is used to assign an antenna state parameter to each user in the M-dimensional space, and send the antenna state parameter to the beamforming module; the antenna state parameter indicates the antenna contained in the sub-antenna group corresponding to the space where the user is located; The beamforming module is used to preprocess the user modulation data according to the antenna state parameters to obtain the user modulation data to be sent by each antenna; it is used to preprocess the beamforming coefficients according to the antenna state parameters to obtain the required data for each antenna. The beamforming coefficient corresponding to the transmitted user modulation data; used to perform beamforming using the preprocessed user modulation data to be transmitted by each antenna and the beamforming coefficient corresponding to the user modulation data to be transmitted by each antenna shape processing; Wherein, the beamforming module includes: an original data buffer module, an antenna state parameter buffer module, a shaping coefficient buffer module, a data modulation module, a modulated data preprocessing module, a shaping coefficient preprocessing module, and a shaping processing module; wherein : The original data cache module is used to cache the original data of all users in the M-dimensional space; Antenna state parameter cache module, for storing the antenna state parameters of each user in the M-dimensional space; Shaping coefficient cache module, used to store the shaping coefficient corresponding to each user in the M-dimensional space on each antenna; The data modulation module is used to obtain the original data of all users in the M-dimensional space from the original data cache module and perform modulation processing to obtain the modulated data and then send it to the modulated data preprocessing module; The modulation data preprocessing module is used to obtain the antenna state parameters of each user in the M-dimensional space from the antenna state parameter buffer module, and obtain the required antenna state parameters for each antenna according to the obtained antenna state parameters and the modulation data from the data modulation module. The transmitted user modulation data is sent to the shaping processing module; wherein, the user modulation data to be transmitted by each antenna only includes the modulation data of the user in the space corresponding to the sub-antenna group where the antenna is located; The shaping coefficient preprocessing module is used to obtain the shaping coefficient corresponding to each user in the M-dimensional space on each antenna from the shaping coefficient buffer module, and obtain each user in the M-dimensional space from the antenna state parameter buffer module Antenna state parameters, according to the obtained shaping coefficient and antenna state parameters, obtain the beamforming coefficient corresponding to the user modulation data to be sent by each antenna, and send it to the shaping processing module; The shaping processing module is used for each antenna, multiplying each user modulation data to be transmitted by the antenna with its corresponding beamforming coefficient to obtain the beamforming data, and then calculating the obtained beamforming data The data is summed to get the total data that needs to be sent through that antenna. 5. The device according to claim 4, wherein the beamforming module further comprises: a radio frequency processing module; The shaping processing module is further configured to, for each antenna, send the total data to be sent through the antenna to the radio frequency processing module; The radio frequency processing module is used to send the total data from the shaping processing module to the corresponding antenna. 6. The device of claim 4, wherein: The upper layer module is configured to assign a K-bit bit string to each user in the M-dimensional space as the user's antenna state parameter; wherein, K bits in the bit string correspond to K antennas one-to-one, Two different values of each bit respectively indicate whether the user uses the antenna.

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