CN101962885A - Method for preparing product with one-way moisture-conducting function - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种制备具有单向导湿功能的制品的方法，该方法包括1)对织物进行亲水化预处理；2)使用含有拒水整理剂的工作液对处理后的织物的一面进行喷淋加工，以使得在织物的该面上形成直径为0.1～2mm且彼此之间的间距为0.1～2mm的液滴，从而得到具有单向导湿功能的制品。通过上述方法的实施得到的面料不仅具有单向导湿的性能，且能够大量的减少水、能源等多种资源的使用，同时也克服了排污等环境问题。The invention relates to a method for preparing a product with a unidirectional moisture-wicking function. The method includes 1) performing hydrophilization pretreatment on the fabric; 2) spraying one side of the treated fabric with a working liquid containing a water-repellent finishing agent The drenching process is such that droplets with a diameter of 0.1 to 2 mm and a distance of 0.1 to 2 mm are formed on the surface of the fabric, thereby obtaining a product with a one-way moisture-wicking function. The fabric obtained through the implementation of the above method not only has unidirectional moisture-wicking performance, but also can greatly reduce the use of various resources such as water and energy, and also overcome environmental problems such as sewage discharge.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种制备具有单向导湿功能的制品的方法。特别是，本发明涉及一种制备具有单向导湿性的织物的方法。The present invention relates to a method for preparing a product with unidirectional moisture transfer function. In particular, the present invention relates to a method of making fabrics with unidirectional moisture permeability.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，随着服装行业的发展，人们不仅仅局限于对服装款式的关注并且更多地将关注力集中在能够带给人们的舒适感程度的服装面料的研究改进方面。特别地，为了能够达到更长久地提供给人体舒适，方便的感觉效果，人们对于服装面料的选择以及面料的功能要求越来越苛刻。因此，在对于服装面料功能的改进研究中，如何使服装面料具备吸湿速干的功能也已经成为其中较为重要的一个方面。随着研究的不断深入，人们越来越关注于如何使得面料贴近人体的一面能够快速地向外传导汗液，以保持面料在与人体接触的一面上的干爽程度，同时使面料向外的另一面能够快速吸收且蒸发汗液，利用蒸发潜热降低面料表面温度并带给人体舒适感，即，使面料具备双面性，也就是单向导湿的性能。In recent years, with the development of the clothing industry, people are not limited to clothing styles but also focus more on the research and improvement of clothing fabrics that can bring people a sense of comfort. In particular, in order to provide comfortable and convenient sensory effects to the human body for a longer period of time, people have more and more stringent requirements for the selection of clothing fabrics and the functions of fabrics. Therefore, in the research on the improvement of the function of clothing fabrics, how to make the clothing fabrics have the function of moisture absorption and quick drying has also become one of the more important aspects. With the deepening of research, people are paying more and more attention to how to make the side of the fabric close to the human body quickly conduct sweat outwards, so as to keep the fabric dry on the side that is in contact with the human body, and at the same time make the other side of the fabric outward It can quickly absorb and evaporate sweat, use the latent heat of evaporation to reduce the surface temperature of the fabric and bring comfort to the human body, that is, make the fabric have double-sidedness, that is, the performance of one-way moisture transfer.
专利申请CN101270524A公开了一种单向导湿快干的真丝面料，其特征在于面料正面为2/1斜纹或3/1斜纹组织，与其对应的反面组织为1/2或1/3斜纹组织；正面原料是规格15～111dtex的蚕丝，反面原料是单丝线密度0.2～0.8dtex的超细旦吸湿速干涤纶DTY长丝，长丝截面为十字形；采用嵌织式方法进行织造生产。明显地，上述方法是通过采用了在进行织造生产以前对原料的选择以及织造方式的选择来实施的。因此，该方法既不能广泛地用于各种织物，特别是无法适用于已完成织造生产的面料。Patent application CN101270524A discloses a one-way moisture-guiding and quick-drying real silk fabric, which is characterized in that the front of the fabric is 2/1 twill weave or 3/1 twill weave, and the corresponding back weave is 1/2 or 1/3 twill weave; The raw material is silk with a specification of 15-111dtex, and the reverse material is ultra-fine denier moisture-absorbing and quick-drying polyester DTY filament with a monofilament linear density of 0.2-0.8dtex. Obviously, the above-mentioned method is implemented by adopting the selection of the raw material and the selection of the weaving method before the weaving production. Therefore, this method can not be widely used in various fabrics, especially can not be applicable to the lining that has finished weaving production.
专利CN2839315Y公开了一种具有单向导湿的吸汗速干复合针织物，其选用两种吸湿能力有差异的异型截面纱线，吸湿能力较差的异型截面纱线编织在内层，而吸湿能力较强的异型截面纱线编织在外层和其他层数，层与层之间通过连接层以编织方式连接。明显地，上述方法通过在进行织造生产以前必须选择两种不同纤维来完成织造过程得以实施的。因此，该方法的实施局限性很大，既不能适用于单一组分的各种织物，也无法适用于已完成织造生产的面料。Patent CN2839315Y discloses a sweat-absorbing and quick-drying composite knitted fabric with one-way moisture guide. It selects two kinds of special-shaped cross-section yarns with different moisture absorption capabilities. Strong shaped cross-section yarns are woven in the outer layer and other layers, and the layers are connected in a weaving manner through the connecting layer. Obviously, the above method is implemented by having to select two different fibers to complete the weaving process before proceeding to weaving production. Therefore, the implementation of this method is very limited, and it can neither be applied to various fabrics of a single component, nor can it be applied to the fabrics that have completed weaving production.
专利申请CN101463566A公开了一种纯棉单向导湿功能性机织面料的生产方法，采用以下步骤：纱线前处理、染色、固色、烘干、色织织造和整理，其特征在于：在染色工序中，全部经纱和部分纬纱采用常规亲水染色，另一部分纬纱采用拒水染色，色织织造采用非浆纱织造方法。该方法要求疏水纬纱与亲水纬纱根数比值不小于2。在上述方法中，通过使用机织面料的组织特点，即正面经组织点占多数，反面纬组织点占多数，从而使正面有比反面更强的亲水性能。但是，明显地，上述方法要求在织物进行机织的开始就对织物的纬线进行不同的预处理且需要对织造工序进行进一步限定。因此，在实施过程中该方法既繁琐，费时并且不能适用于大多数的织物，特别是无法应用于已经进行过机织工序的成形织物。Patent application CN101463566A discloses a production method of pure cotton unidirectional moisture-wicking functional woven fabric, which adopts the following steps: yarn pretreatment, dyeing, color fixing, drying, yarn-dyed weaving and finishing, and is characterized in that: In the process, all the warp yarns and part of the weft yarns are dyed with conventional hydrophilic, the other part of the weft yarns are dyed with water repellency, and the yarn-dyed weaving adopts the non-sizing weaving method. This method requires that the ratio of the number of hydrophobic weft yarns to hydrophilic weft yarns is not less than 2. In the above method, by using the structure characteristics of the woven fabric, that is, the warp weave points on the front side are in the majority, and the weft weave points on the back side are in the majority, so that the front side has a stronger hydrophilic property than the back side. Clearly, however, the above-mentioned method requires a different pretreatment of the weft threads of the fabric at the beginning of its weaving and requires a further definition of the weaving process. Therefore, this method is both loaded down with trivial details in the implementation process, time-consuming and can't be applicable to most fabrics, especially can't be applied to the forming fabric that has carried out weaving process.
发明人注意到上述现有技术中所公开的具有单向导湿功能的面料均是通过在织造之前对面料的纤维进行处理得以实现的，因此方法的实现对于面料的选择具有特殊性，无法应用于大部分的面料，且织造工艺复杂。因此，越来越需要一种能够对已完成织造工艺的面料进行处理使之具备单向导湿性能的方法。The inventor noticed that the fabrics with unidirectional moisture-wicking function disclosed in the above-mentioned prior art are all realized by treating the fibers of the fabrics before weaving, so the realization of the method is particular to the selection of fabrics and cannot be applied to Most of the fabrics, and the weaving process is complicated. Therefore, there is a growing need for a method that can process the fabric that has completed the weaving process so that it has unidirectional moisture transfer performance.
专利申请CN101649558A公开了一种单向导湿羊绒及羊绒混纺机织或针织制品及其加工方法，所述方法采用单面给液途径，在织物制品的正、反两面构造出亲、疏水性质不同的“双侧面结构”，制品的正面全部为具有良好的吸湿性能的亲水面，制品的反面非连续性地分布有具有疏水性结构的疏水区域，亲水性区域占该侧面总面积的20～80％，其加工方法包括：织物预处理→调制印花浆及整理剂→印制或单面给液→烘干→洗缩→柔软处理→烘干→整烫。但是在该申请中所使用的单面给液途径是通过筛网印花法实现的。明显地，该方法中对混纺制品的筛网印花法包括印花筛网的准备，印花织物的准备等多个步骤，即会耗费大量时间、人力、物力，从而增加成本。Patent application CN101649558A discloses a one-way moisture-wicking cashmere and cashmere blended woven or knitted product and its processing method. The method uses a single-sided liquid supply method to construct fabrics with different hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties on the front and back sides of the fabric product. "Double-sided structure", the front of the product is all hydrophilic surface with good hygroscopic performance, and the reverse side of the product is discontinuously distributed with hydrophobic regions with hydrophobic structure, and the hydrophilic region accounts for 20% of the total area of the side. ~80%, the processing methods include: fabric pretreatment→modulation of printing paste and finishing agent→printing or single-sided liquid supply→drying→shrinkage→softening treatment→drying→ironing. However, the single-sided liquid delivery route used in this application is realized by screen printing. Obviously, the screen printing method for blended products in this method includes multiple steps such as the preparation of the printing screen and the preparation of the printed fabric, which will consume a lot of time, manpower and material resources, thereby increasing the cost.
纺织学报第27卷第6期吴烨芳等人的“单向导湿织物的开发”一文中公开了一种单向导湿的棉织物及其制备方法，包括在棉织物上，以印花手段对织物进行单面整理，整理后的织物上分布着含有整理剂的区域和不含整理剂的区域；因此，当汗液附着于织物上时，通过未经整理区域形成的输水通道传导至另一面，同时在另一面扩散，快速蒸发。但是，明显地，上述方法中的采用印花法处理的织物由于采用的整理方法以及相对面积比的局限性致使其单向导湿性能并非十分理想。The article "Development of One-way Moisture-Guiding Fabric" by Wu Yefang and others in Volume 27, No. 6 of Textile Sciences discloses a kind of cotton fabric with one-way moisture-wicking and its preparation method, including printing on the cotton fabric and printing the fabric. One-sided finishing, the finished fabric is distributed with areas containing finishing agent and areas without finishing agent; therefore, when sweat adheres to the fabric, it is conducted to the other side through the water transfer channel formed by the unfinished area, At the same time diffuse on the other side for quick evaporation. However, obviously, the one-way moisture transfer performance of the fabric treated by the printing method in the above method is not very ideal due to the limitation of the finishing method and the relative area ratio.
《针织工业》2007年第6期何天虹等人的“双侧结构吸湿快干纯棉针织物的研制”一文中公开了一种采用单面整理技术开发的双侧结构吸湿快干纯棉针织物，其中将疏水整理剂按一定图案印制于纯棉针织物的一面，使其具有非连续的疏水性，另一面仍具有良好的吸湿性，形成亲、疏水“双侧”结构的单向导湿织物。其中将疏水整理剂印制的方法为平网印制。明显地，所述平网印制的方法既会使织物处理的方式复杂化且印制的过程仍然会消耗大量的水和疏水整理剂，即会增加成本且不利于环境保护。"Knitting Industry" No. 6, 2007 He Tianhong et al. "Development of Moisture-absorbing and Quick-drying Pure Cotton Knitted Fabric with Double-sided Structure" discloses a double-sided structured moisture-absorbing and quick-drying pure cotton knitted fabric developed by single-sided finishing technology. The hydrophobic finishing agent is printed on one side of the pure cotton knitted fabric according to a certain pattern, so that it has discontinuous hydrophobicity, and the other side still has good hygroscopicity, forming a unidirectional guide with a hydrophilic and hydrophobic "double-sided" structure. wet fabric. The method of printing the hydrophobic finishing agent is flat screen printing. Obviously, the method of flat screen printing will complicate the way of fabric treatment and the printing process will still consume a lot of water and hydrophobic finishing agent, which will increase the cost and is not conducive to environmental protection.
《针织工业》2010年第3期由陈晓艳等人提出“梯级导湿针织面料”，即采用梯度结构，毛细力在一侧较小、另一侧较大，从而形成方向性导湿效应。但这种方向性导湿效应是基于不同表面张力的纤维材料的专门搭配、和特殊织物结构造成的毛细孔大小按内大外小的原则有序排布来实现的，较难应用于各种纤维材料制成的常规织法的面料。In the third issue of "Knitting Industry" in 2010, Chen Xiaoyan and others proposed "step moisture-wicking knitted fabric", that is, a gradient structure is adopted, and the capillary force is smaller on one side and larger on the other side, thereby forming a directional moisture-wicking effect. However, this directional moisture-conducting effect is achieved based on the special combination of fiber materials with different surface tensions and the orderly arrangement of capillary sizes caused by the special fabric structure according to the principle of large inside and small outside, and it is difficult to apply to various Regular weave fabrics made of fiber materials.
发明人注意到上述现有技术中仍然存在着诸多缺陷。例如，对于对完成织造生产的织物进行处理使其具备单向导湿性能的方法而言，其中所使用的单面给液途径均是通过筛网印花法实现的，该筛网印花法工艺要求高、液滴大小受到印花网孔加工工艺的限制，其拒水区域的尺寸偏大，难以形成小尺寸的毛细管道，对水(汗液)的抽吸效果较不明显。且由于增加了加工工序，所以相应地，加工成本和时间均会有所增加。因此，本领域中仍然急切地需要一种使单面给液的操作更为简单快捷、拒水区域的面积更小但能够产生更强的毛细效应，且同样能够在织物制品的正、反两面构造出亲、疏水性质不同的“双侧面结构”而又低碳环保的方法。The inventor has noticed that there are still many defects in the above-mentioned prior art. For example, for the method of treating the finished fabric to have unidirectional moisture transfer performance, the single-sided liquid supply path used in it is realized by the screen printing method, which requires high technical requirements. , The size of the droplet is limited by the printing mesh processing technology, the size of the water-repellent area is too large, it is difficult to form a small-sized capillary channel, and the suction effect of water (sweat) is less obvious. Moreover, due to the increase of the processing steps, correspondingly, the processing cost and time will increase. Therefore, there is still an urgent need in the art for a method that makes the operation of liquid feeding on one side simpler and faster, the area of the water-repellent area is smaller but can produce a stronger capillary effect, and can also be used on both sides of the fabric product. It is a low-carbon and environmentally friendly method to construct a "double-sided structure" with different hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties.
发明内容Contents of the invention
令人惊奇地，本发明的发明人基于TRIZ创新理论的技术系统提高理想度法则及提高系统柔性的进化理论，提出了一种制备具有单向导湿功能的制品的方法，该方法包括1)对织物进行亲水化预处理；2)使用含有拒水整理剂的工作液对处理后的织物的一面进行喷淋加工，以使得在织物的该面上形成直径为0.1～2mm且彼此之间的间距为0.1～2mm的液滴。Surprisingly, the inventors of the present invention proposed a method for preparing products with a unidirectional moisture-wicking function based on the TRIZ innovation theory, the law of improving the ideal degree of technical systems and the evolution theory of improving system flexibility. The method includes 1) pairing The fabric is subjected to hydrophilization pretreatment; 2) using a working solution containing a water-repellent finishing agent to spray one side of the treated fabric so that the fabric has a diameter of 0.1 to 2 mm and is formed between each other. Droplets with a spacing of 0.1 to 2mm.
在一个具体实施方式中，该方法中所述的织物选择本领域中通常所使用的任何织物，包括机织物、针织物和无纺布。在另一个具体实施方式中，该方法中所述的织物可以是任何已经完成织造工序的织物，包括棉、麻、毛、丝、各种化纤或其组合而成的纯纺织物和混纺织物。In a specific embodiment, the fabric described in the method is selected from any fabric commonly used in the art, including woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and non-woven fabrics. In another specific embodiment, the fabric described in the method can be any fabric that has completed the weaving process, including cotton, hemp, wool, silk, various chemical fibers or pure textiles and blended textiles formed by combinations thereof.
在本发明的一个具体实施方式中，首先对上述织物进行亲水化预处理步骤，使得织物的纤维上具有羟基、羰基、羧基、酰胺基等极性基团。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned fabric is firstly subjected to a hydrophilization pretreatment step, so that the fibers of the fabric have polar groups such as hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, and amide groups.
在本发明中，本领域技术人员可以使用任何本领域公知的对织物进行亲水化预处理的方法对本发明的织物进行亲水化预处理。特别地，所述对织物进行亲水化预处理步骤可以通过以下方式实施。在表面活性剂或交联剂存在的情况下，将织物浸渍在含有亲水整理剂的溶液中。所述亲水整理剂选自聚氨酯类亲水整理剂、有机硅亲水整理剂、聚酯-聚醚嵌段共聚亲水整理剂、水溶性高聚物或天然含有极性基团的亲水性物质。优选地，所述有机硅亲水整理剂包括含氨基硅油、羟基硅油等。优选地，所述水溶性高聚物选自聚丙烯酸、聚氧乙烯醚或聚乙烯醇。优选地，所述天然含有极性基团的亲水性物质是丝素或壳聚糖。特别地，本发明所使用的亲水整理剂为日本小谷化学工业公司生产的Queenset PSO-5500耐久性亲水剂或英国ICI公司生产的PermaloseTM亲水剂。在本发明的方法中，在使用亲水整理剂对织物进行预处理的过程中，可以加入表面活性剂或交联剂以促使亲水整理剂与织物表面的反应。即通常本领域中能够用于促使亲水整理剂与织物表面的反应的表面活性剂或交联剂均可用于本发明。In the present invention, those skilled in the art can use any method known in the art to perform hydrophilization pretreatment on the fabric of the present invention for hydrophilization pretreatment. In particular, the step of hydrophilizing the fabric pretreatment can be implemented in the following manner. The fabric is dipped in a solution containing a hydrophilic finish in the presence of a surfactant or crosslinking agent. The hydrophilic finishing agent is selected from polyurethane hydrophilic finishing agents, organosilicon hydrophilic finishing agents, polyester-polyether block copolymerized hydrophilic finishing agents, water-soluble high polymers or naturally containing polar groups. sexual substance. Preferably, the silicone hydrophilic finishing agent includes amino-containing silicone oil, hydroxyl silicone oil and the like. Preferably, the water-soluble high polymer is selected from polyacrylic acid, polyoxyethylene ether or polyvinyl alcohol. Preferably, the hydrophilic substance naturally containing polar groups is silk fibroin or chitosan. Particularly, the hydrophilic finishing agent used in the present invention is the Queenset PSO-5500 durable hydrophilic agent produced by Kotani Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. of Japan or the Permalose™ hydrophilic agent produced by British ICI Company. In the method of the present invention, during the pretreatment of the fabric with the hydrophilic finishing agent, a surfactant or a crosslinking agent may be added to promote the reaction between the hydrophilic finishing agent and the surface of the fabric. That is to say, surfactants or crosslinking agents that can be used to promote the reaction between hydrophilic finishing agent and fabric surface in this field can be used in the present invention.
在本发明中，当使用亲水整理剂对织物进行亲水化预处理时，该亲水整理剂的用量为10～50g亲水整理剂每升水，轧余率70～90％。In the present invention, when the hydrophilic finishing agent is used to carry out hydrophilic pretreatment on the fabric, the dosage of the hydrophilic finishing agent is 10-50 g of the hydrophilic finishing agent per liter of water, and the pass-off rate is 70-90%.
此外，不局限于使用亲水整理剂对本发明的织物进行亲水预处理步骤，还可以通过在空气或氧气气氛中的等离子体辐照或高能射线辐照，使纤维产生极性基团而对织物进行亲水化预处理。In addition, it is not limited to the use of hydrophilic finishing agent to carry out the hydrophilic pretreatment step of the fabric of the present invention, but also by plasma irradiation or high-energy ray irradiation in air or oxygen atmosphere, so that the fibers produce polar groups and The fabric is pretreated for hydrophilization.
在另一个具体实施方式中，在本发明的方法中所使用的拒水整理剂为含氟元素的各种拒水整理剂。优选地，该含氟拒水整理剂为亨斯迈公司生产的非离子含氟拒水整理剂Oleophobol CP-S。在本发明中，所述的含氟拒水整理剂的工作液可以是含氟拒水整理剂的水乳化液，该含氟拒水整理剂的工作液的用量为每升水中加入5～60g含氟拒水整理剂。在采用静电雾化喷嘴进行喷淋时，为了有利于建立静电场、提高雾滴的分散性，在拒水整理剂的水乳化液中可以添加相对与水的重量百分比为1～10％的金属盐，如氯化钠、氯化钾等等。In another specific embodiment, the water-repellent finishing agent used in the method of the present invention is various water-repellent finishing agents containing fluorine elements. Preferably, the fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent is Oleophobol CP-S, a non-ionic fluorine-containing water-repellent finish agent produced by Huntsman. In the present invention, the working liquid of the fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent may be an aqueous emulsion of the fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent, and the dosage of the working liquid of the fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent is 5 to 60 g per liter of water Fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent. When spraying with electrostatic atomizing nozzles, in order to facilitate the establishment of an electrostatic field and improve the dispersibility of droplets, 1 to 10% metal by weight relative to water can be added to the water emulsion of the water repellent finishing agent. Salt, such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, etc.
在本发明的另一具体实施方式中，本发明涉及一种制备具有单向导湿功能的制品的方法，所述方法包括：In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the present invention relates to a method for preparing a product with a unidirectional moisture transfer function, the method comprising:
1)在表面活性剂或交联剂存在的情况下，将织物浸渍在含有亲水整理剂的溶液中；1) In the presence of a surfactant or a crosslinking agent, the fabric is immersed in a solution containing a hydrophilic finishing agent;
2)将含氟拒水整理剂的工作液加入到喷嘴中，将经过步骤1)的织物置于织物输送装置，常温下使织物以5～40m/min的速度送过门架下方，通过固定在门架上的喷嘴将含氟拒水整理剂的工作液雾化喷淋到织物表面，以使得在织物经喷淋的一面上形成的直径为0.1～2mm且彼此之间间距为0.1～2mm的液滴，其中工作液在织物上的喷洒量在每平方米0.1ml～50ml；2) Add the working liquid of fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent into the nozzle, place the fabric after step 1) on the fabric conveying device, and send the fabric under the door frame at a speed of 5-40m/min at room temperature, and fix it on the The nozzle on the door frame atomizes and sprays the working liquid of the fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent onto the surface of the fabric, so that the sprayed surface of the fabric is formed with a diameter of 0.1-2 mm and a distance of 0.1-2 mm. Liquid droplets, wherein the spraying amount of the working liquid on the fabric is 0.1ml-50ml per square meter;
3)然后使经过步骤2)的织物进入加热焙烘设备，在100～180℃的温度下进行焙烘，使含氟聚水整理剂固着在织物的纤维上；3) Then make the fabric after step 2) enter the heating and baking equipment, and bake it at a temperature of 100-180° C., so that the fluorine-containing polywater finishing agent is fixed on the fibers of the fabric;
4)任选地，洗涤或整理经过步骤3)的织物。4) Optionally, washing or finishing the fabrics subjected to step 3).
本发明还涉及一种用于喷淋织物的装置，该装置包括喷嘴，门架，织物输送装置，其中将一个或多个喷嘴安装在所述门架上，在门架下方设置所述织物输送装置，以使得当织物由织物输送装置穿过门架输送至喷嘴下方时，在足以得到织物的经喷淋面上形成直径为0.1～2mm且彼此之间的间距为0.1～2mm的液滴的条件下通过喷嘴对织物进行喷淋。The invention also relates to a device for spraying fabrics, the device comprising a nozzle, a door frame, a fabric delivery device, wherein one or more nozzles are mounted on the door frame, the fabric delivery device is arranged below the door frame A device so that when the fabric is conveyed by the fabric conveying device through the door frame to below the nozzle, the condition of droplets with a diameter of 0.1 to 2 mm and a distance of 0.1 to 2 mm between them is formed on the sprayed surface of the fabric. Spray the fabric through the nozzles.
在本发明的装置中，所述喷嘴包括静电喷嘴、超声喷嘴、旋转喷嘴、转盘喷嘴、转杯喷嘴、压力喷嘴、空气助力喷嘴、气泡喷嘴、喷气喷嘴喷雾或汽哨喷嘴等。当在所述门架上安装多个喷嘴时，调节喷嘴之间的距离以使得到织物的经喷淋面上形成直径为0.1～2mm且彼此之间的间距为0.1～2mm的液滴。本发明所述的装置还可以包括加温装置，该装置放置在织物输送装置的终端，从而对喷淋后的织物行烘干和交联。或者，本发明所述的装置可以放置在普通定型机的第一级烘房前，从而使喷淋后的织物直接进入定型机，以100～180℃的温度进行烘干和交联固着。经过上述加工的织物可以进行洗涤及其他功能整理，也可以不再进行其他加工。In the device of the present invention, the nozzles include electrostatic nozzles, ultrasonic nozzles, rotary nozzles, turntable nozzles, cup nozzles, pressure nozzles, air-assisted nozzles, bubble nozzles, air jet nozzles, or whistle nozzles. When multiple nozzles are installed on the door frame, the distance between the nozzles is adjusted so that droplets with a diameter of 0.1-2 mm and a distance of 0.1-2 mm between them are formed on the sprayed surface of the fabric. The device of the present invention may also include a heating device, which is placed at the end of the fabric conveying device, so as to dry and cross-link the sprayed fabric. Alternatively, the device of the present invention can be placed in front of the first-stage drying room of a common sizing machine, so that the sprayed fabric can directly enter the sizing machine for drying and crosslinking at a temperature of 100-180°C. The fabrics processed above can be washed and finished with other functions, or no other processing is required.
在本发明中，以如下方式使用含氟拒水整理剂的工作液对织物的一面进行喷淋加工：将含氟拒水整理剂的工作液加入到喷嘴中，将织物置于织物输送装置，常温下使织物以5～40m/min的速度送过门架下方，通过固定在门架上的喷嘴将含氟拒水整理剂的工作液雾化喷淋到织物表面。In the present invention, the working liquid of the fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent is used to spray one side of the fabric in the following manner: the working liquid of the fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent is added to the nozzle, the fabric is placed on the fabric conveying device, At room temperature, the fabric is sent under the door frame at a speed of 5-40m/min, and the working liquid of the fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent is atomized and sprayed onto the surface of the fabric through a nozzle fixed on the door frame.
在本发明的喷淋加工方法中，可以使用任何能够将水膜破碎成微小水滴的各种喷嘴，如，通过喷嘴的作用，即当电场力大于水滴毛细力时即自行破碎，以使得在织物经喷淋的一面上形成的所述液滴的直径优选为0.1～2mm，所述液滴之间的间距优选为0.1～2mm。In the spray processing method of the present invention, any various nozzles capable of breaking the water film into tiny water droplets can be used. The diameter of the droplets formed on the sprayed side is preferably 0.1-2 mm, and the distance between the droplets is preferably 0.1-2 mm.
在本发明中，当喷嘴为静电喷嘴或超声喷嘴时，可以通过静电场作用将较大水滴破碎成较小水滴。当喷嘴为旋转喷嘴，例如转盘喷嘴、转杯喷嘴，可以通过离心力将水滴从旋转喷嘴的旋转圆盘甩出，基于液体与空气间的高速运动而破碎成小水滴的。当喷嘴为压力喷嘴时，能够通过增加压力使液体从一个狭缝喷出，成为液膜射流，并与空气间的高速运动，导致液膜破裂而雾化的。当喷嘴选自空气助力喷嘴、气泡喷嘴、喷气喷嘴喷雾或汽哨喷嘴时，通过空气与液体提前混合然后喷射出去而进行雾化。In the present invention, when the nozzle is an electrostatic nozzle or an ultrasonic nozzle, larger water droplets can be broken into smaller water droplets through the action of an electrostatic field. When the nozzle is a rotating nozzle, such as a turntable nozzle and a rotor cup nozzle, the water droplets can be thrown out from the rotating disc of the rotating nozzle by centrifugal force, and broken into small water droplets based on the high-speed movement between the liquid and the air. When the nozzle is a pressure nozzle, the liquid can be ejected from a slit by increasing the pressure to become a liquid film jet, and the high-speed movement with the air causes the liquid film to rupture and atomize. When the nozzle is selected from air-assisted nozzle, bubble nozzle, jet nozzle spray or steam whistle nozzle, the atomization is carried out by mixing the air with the liquid in advance and then spraying it out.
根据上述方法得到的织物中未使用拒水整理剂喷淋的一面为具有吸湿性能的亲水面，而使用拒水整理剂喷淋的一面上不均匀地分布着大小不等的具有拒水性能的液滴。因此，当液态水，例如汗液，于面料的使用拒水整理剂喷淋的一面接触时，液态水会通过该面上保留的亲水性区域快速地流至未使用拒水整理剂喷淋的一面，即亲水面，并迅速地在亲水面上展开、蒸发。According to the method above, the side of the fabric that is not sprayed with a water-repellent finishing agent is a hydrophilic surface with hygroscopicity, while the side that is sprayed with a water-repellent finishing agent is unevenly distributed with water-repellent fabrics of different sizes. of droplets. Therefore, when liquid water, such as sweat, comes into contact with the side of the fabric that is sprayed with a water-repellent finishing agent, the liquid water will quickly flow to the surface that is not sprayed with a water-repellent finishing agent through the hydrophilic area retained on the surface. One side is the hydrophilic surface, and quickly spreads and evaporates on the hydrophilic surface.
发明人令人惊奇地发现，通过上述方法的实施得到的面料不仅具有单向导湿的性能，而且该方法相对于常规的印花法，既避免了相对复杂的多道工序，并且能够大量的减少水、能源等多种资源的使用，同时也克服了排污等环境问题。The inventor surprisingly found that the fabric obtained through the implementation of the above method not only has unidirectional moisture-wicking performance, but also avoids relatively complicated multi-processes and can greatly reduce the amount of moisture compared with the conventional printing method. , energy and other resources, but also overcome environmental problems such as pollution.
此外，根据本发明的方法处理后的织物加工得到的涤纶运动衫面料具有良好的单向导湿效果，穿着后进行打乒乓球等运动，针织衫不贴皮肤，并且感觉凉爽。In addition, the polyester jersey fabric processed by the fabric treated by the method of the present invention has a good one-way moisture transfer effect, and after being worn for sports such as playing table tennis, the knitted sweater does not stick to the skin and feels cool.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
实施例1：Example 1:
苎麻/棉50/50针织物，菠萝纹组织，平方米重180g，采用常规的练漂和丝光加工，并在织物进入定型机进行定型之前轧日本小谷化学工业公司生产的Queenset PSO-5500耐久性亲水剂。所述亲水剂的用量为30g/L，轧余率80％。在180℃的定型温度下在定型机中定型60s，所述定型机是德国布鲁克纳公司生产的POWER-LINE型拉幅定型机。然后将处理后的织物置于喷淋装置的织物输送装置上，以30m/min的速度传送，采用转盘喷嘴使用含氟拒水整理剂的工作液对经过其下方的织物进行喷淋。含氟拒水整理剂为亨斯迈公司生产的非离子含氟拒水整理剂Oleophobol CP-S，用量为30g/L。转喷喷嘴的转盘转速为5000转/分，给液量为1ml/m2。将喷淋后的织物输送进入定型机烘箱，定型机速度为30米/分，烘箱温度为180℃(3级烘箱，其余关掉)。Ramie/cotton 50/50 knitted fabric, pineapple weave, 180g per square meter, using conventional scouring, bleaching and mercerizing, and rolling Queenset PSO-5500 produced by Japan Kotani Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. before the fabric enters the setting machine for setting. Durability Hydrophilic agent. The consumption of described hydrophilic agent is 30g/L, and the excess ratio is 80%. At a setting temperature of 180° C., setting was carried out in a setting machine for 60 s, and the setting machine was a POWER-LINE type stenter setting machine produced by Bruckner, Germany. Then the treated fabric is placed on the fabric conveying device of the spraying device, conveyed at a speed of 30m/min, and the fabric passing under it is sprayed with a working liquid containing fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent using a turntable nozzle. The fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent is Oleophobol CP-S, a non-ionic fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent produced by Huntsman, and the dosage is 30 g/L. The rotational speed of the turntable of the rotary spray nozzle is 5000 rpm, and the liquid supply volume is 1ml/m 2 . The sprayed fabric is transported into the oven of the sizing machine, the speed of the sizing machine is 30 m/min, and the oven temperature is 180° C. (3-stage oven, all the others are turned off).
实施例2：Example 2:
纯涤纶针织物，100dtex涤纶DTY，用双面针织机织造成160g/m2的网眼组织，采用常规煮练工艺去除油污后，在进入定型机前采用英国ICI公司生产的PermaloseTM亲水剂(聚醚酯结构)对织物进行亲水化处理，该亲水剂占织物总重量的5％，浸渍温度80℃，时间20min。浸渍液的pH值为5，浴比25∶1。在180℃下在韩国日新3200定型机中焙烘100s。然后将处理后的织物置于喷淋装置的织物输送装置上，以30m/min的速度传送，采用压力喷嘴以0.8kg的压力施加亨斯迈公司生产的非离子含氟拒水整理剂Oleophobol CP-S的浓度为40g/L的工作液1.5ml/m2后，经180℃焙烘(3级烘箱)，使上述处理后得到的面料以36m/min的速度通过具有喷嘴的门架下方。Pure polyester knitted fabric, 100dtex polyester DTY, is woven into a mesh structure of 160g/ m2 with a double-sided knitting machine. Ether ester structure) to carry out hydrophilization treatment to the fabric, the hydrophilizing agent accounts for 5% of the total weight of the fabric, the immersion temperature is 80°C, and the time is 20min. The pH value of the dipping solution is 5, and the bath ratio is 25:1. Bake at 180°C for 100s in a Korean Nissin 3200 setting machine. Then the treated fabric is placed on the fabric conveying device of the spraying device, conveyed at a speed of 30m/min, and the non-ionic fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent Oleophobol CP produced by Huntsman is applied with a pressure nozzle of 0.8kg. -S concentration is 40g/L working fluid 1.5ml/ m2 , then baked at 180°C (3-stage oven), make the fabric obtained after the above treatment pass under the door frame with nozzles at a speed of 36m/min.
对上述实施例1和实施例2得到的织物的由含氟拒水整理剂的工作液处理过的一面上形成的液滴大小进行测量，方式如下。通过喷淋蜡纸上的液滴来测量，以避免因拒水整理剂的水乳化液中的水在织物中的扩散而失去清晰的界面。蜡纸放在织物表面，按正常速度经过喷淋装置，蜡纸上的液滴尺寸及间距与织物实际喷淋到的状况相同。蜡纸受到喷淋后，用体视显微镜观察，并用显微镜的标尺系统估读得到的任意液滴的直径及液滴间距。据此调节喷淋装置的工艺参数，以使得液滴的直径在0.1～2mm之间且所述液滴之间的间距在0.1～2mm之间。The size of the droplets formed on the side of the fabric obtained in the above-mentioned Examples 1 and 2 treated with the working solution of the fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent was measured in the following manner. Measured by spraying droplets on waxed paper to avoid loss of a clear interface due to diffusion of water in the water emulsion of the water-repellent finish in the fabric. The waxed paper is placed on the surface of the fabric and passed through the spray device at normal speed. The size and spacing of the droplets on the waxed paper are the same as those actually sprayed on the fabric. After the wax paper is sprayed, observe it with a stereo microscope, and use the scale system of the microscope to estimate the diameter and distance of any droplet obtained. Accordingly, the process parameters of the spraying device are adjusted so that the diameter of the droplets is between 0.1-2mm and the distance between the droplets is between 0.1-2mm.
实施例3Example 3
使用如下方法对得到的织物的单向导湿性能进行评价。The unidirectional moisture transfer performance of the obtained fabric was evaluated using the following method.
评价方法1：通过比对织物上残留水迹的面积大小确定织物的单向导湿性能。Evaluation method 1: Determine the one-way moisture permeability of the fabric by comparing the size of the remaining water marks on the fabric.
采用带较大针头的注射器或较小口径的移液管用以产生较小尺寸的液滴来模拟汗滴，分别滴加到实施例1和实施例2的织物的由含氟拒水整理剂的工作液处理过的一面和未由含氟拒水整理剂的工作液处理过的一面上。当液滴滴加到由含氟拒水整理剂的工作液处理过的织物的一面上时，目测液滴快速渗透到织物的另一面且残留在由含氟拒水整理剂的工作液处理过的织物面上的湿痕面积A；当液滴滴加到未由含氟拒水整理剂的工作液处理过的一面上时，液滴在此面上快速扩散，残留湿痕面积B且不渗透到另一面。明显地，目测可得面积A为面积B的1/4以下。根据上述比较可以确定，由实施例1和实施例2得到的织物具有单向导湿性能。A syringe with a larger needle or a pipette with a smaller caliber are used to simulate sweat droplets in order to produce smaller-sized droplets, which are added to the fabrics of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 respectively. The side treated with the working solution and the side not treated with the working solution of the fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent. When the droplet is added to one side of the fabric treated with the working solution of the fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent, the visual observation shows that the droplet quickly penetrates to the other side of the fabric and remains on the fabric treated with the working solution of the fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent. The wet mark area A on the fabric surface; when the droplet is added to the side that has not been treated by the working liquid of the fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent, the droplet spreads rapidly on this surface, leaving the wet mark area B and not Penetrate to the other side. Obviously, the area A can be seen visually to be less than 1/4 of the area B. According to the above comparison, it can be determined that the fabrics obtained in Example 1 and Example 2 have unidirectional moisture transfer performance.
评价方法2：采用着色剂和滤纸记录渗透水量确定织物的单向导湿性能。Evaluation method 2: use colorant and filter paper to record the amount of permeated water to determine the one-way moisture permeability of the fabric.
在本发明实施例1和实施例2得到的织物下方各垫一张吸水性滤纸，分别进行如下方法。A piece of water-absorbing filter paper is respectively placed under the fabrics obtained in Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention, and the following methods are respectively carried out.
采用评价方法1中滴加液滴的方法将用红墨水着色的水滴分别滴到织物的由含氟拒水整理剂的工作液处理过的一面上和未由含氟拒水整理剂的工作液处理过的另一面上。在未由含氟拒水整理剂的工作液处理过的一面上能够观察到红色液滴在织物的滴加面上展开，很少有液体渗到织物经喷淋的一面，故滤纸上只有极少的沾色面积C；但是当红色液滴滴到织物由含氟拒水整理剂的工作液处理过的一面上时，红色液滴几乎全部渗到织物的另一面，滤纸显著着色，沾色面积D。明显地，目测可得沾色面积D比沾色面积C大4倍以上。Using the method of adding drops in evaluation method 1, drop the water drops colored with red ink on the side of the fabric that has been treated with the working solution of the fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent and the working solution that has not been treated with the fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent. Treated other side. On the side that has not been treated with the working solution of the fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent, it can be observed that red droplets spread on the dripping surface of the fabric, and very little liquid seeps into the sprayed side of the fabric, so there is only a very small amount of liquid on the filter paper. Small staining area C; but when the red droplet drips onto the side of the fabric that has been treated with the working liquid containing fluorine-containing water-repellent finishing agent, the red droplet almost completely penetrates to the other side of the fabric, and the filter paper is significantly colored and stained. Area D. Obviously, the stained area D is more than 4 times larger than the stained area C by visual inspection.
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