CN101972740A - Two-stage moving-pendulum chaos exciter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a two-stage swing chaotic vibrator, which relates to a vibrator with special inertial vibration excitation capability, in particular to a chaotic vibrator with two-stage swing, and belongs to the technical field of vibration utilization engineering. Including the exciter seat assembly and the secondary swing assembly; the exciter seat assembly includes the exciter seat, the end cover and the exciter shaft, the exciter shaft is mounted on the exciter seat, and the two ends of the exciter seat Equipped with end caps; the two-stage swing assembly is symmetrically distributed at the left and right ends of the exciter shaft, and the two-stage swing assembly includes a fixed pendulum, a first-stage swing, a second-stage swing, a second-stage swing shaft, and a bearing And bearing 2, the second-stage swing assembly is installed on the shaft end of the exciter, and the fixed pendulum is fixed on the shaft of the exciter through a flat key; a shaft sleeve is installed between the first-stage swing and the fixed pendulum, and the first-stage swing passes through Bearing 1 is hinged with the shaft of the exciter, and the lower part of the primary swing is equipped with a secondary swing; the secondary swing is hinged with the secondary swing through bearing 2. A pendulum block cover is fixed respectively at both ends of the exciter base.

Description

Two-stage Oscillating Chaos Shaker

technical field

The invention relates to a vibrator with special inertial vibration excitation capability, in particular to a chaotic vibrator with two-stage swing, belonging to the technical field of vibration utilization engineering.

Background technique

The vibration exciter is the excitation source that forces the system to perform continuous mechanical vibration at an artificially given frequency. It is generally divided into two categories: mechanical and electronic. The vibrator is the vibration motor, which is the excitation source device that uses the principle of mechanical vibration to drive the vibration machine to work. The shaft unit can realize the transmission of motion and power.

A common vibrator is equipped with two sets of eccentric pendulum blocks (referred to as pendulum blocks) at both ends of its rotating shaft to form an excitation source. The blocks are all fixed on the shaft of the vibrator, which is called a single-axis inertial vibration device or a first-stage pendulum block vibrator. When rotating, the exciter produces an exciting force that changes along the circumferential direction due to the centrifugal action of the pendulum block, which drives the vibrating mechanical system to vibrate. The maximum exciting force can be adjusted according to the load requirements. The relative angle between the main and auxiliary pendulum blocks at the shaft end is adjusted. Its vibration frequency can remain basically stable during operation.

Ordinary vibrator has the advantages of adjustable exciting force before starting up, small size, light weight, simple structure, convenient use and maintenance, etc., so it has been applied in many vibrating machinery or vibration utilization projects in recent years.

The pendulum block of the ordinary vibrator is fixed on the shaft of the vibrator. Once the maximum exciting force is set, it will be a constant value during operation. However, during the start and stop process, when the vibration frequency is close to the natural When the frequency is low, the amplitude will increase rapidly to generate resonance, which not only makes the system lose stability, but also easily causes damage to the vibration machinery including the structure of the exciter itself.

In many cases, vibrating machinery, especially super-large vibrating machinery, requires the system to pass the resonance point smoothly during the start-stop phase, and requires the vibration generated by the system during the working process to have a wide power spectrum curve or certain irregularities in the motion trajectory. , to complete some special operations, such as the low penetration rate of the vibrating screen machine, sieve jamming, and hardening; the non-refining, easy agglomeration, and reverse crushing of vibrating mill powder; various silos, hoppers, and chutes. Abnormal movement of material sticking, arching, and retention during the vibration of the warehouse wall; the mixing uniformity of some materials in the vibrating mixer is not high, the mixing efficiency is too low, etc., ordinary vibrator can solve these problems The solution is almost impotent.

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides a two-stage swing chaotic vibrator, the purpose of which is to effectively solve the above-mentioned technical problems. The present invention can enable the system to start with a smaller exciting force during the start-up phase, greatly reducing the start-up torque of the vibrator. Improve the quickness and reliability of vibrating machinery startup; during the shutdown phase, a small excitation force passes through the resonance area of the system, thereby preventing resonance, achieving the purpose of low energy consumption and long life, so for frequently started vibrating machinery especially applicable.

The present invention divides the eccentric pendulum block at the shaft end of the exciter into fixed pendulum and swing pendulum. The shape of fixed pendulum is usually fan-shaped, and the shape of swing pendulum can be fan-shaped or made into other shapes according to needs; Pendulum, two-stage swing, the fixed pendulum is fixed on the shaft of the exciter, the first-stage swing is loosely sleeved on the shaft of the exciter or fixed on the fixed pendulum shaft, and the second-stage swing is loosely sleeved on the first-stage swing shaft superior. During operation, the positions of the two pendulums relative to the fixed pendulum are free, and the relative positions between the two pendulums are also free. 3 degrees of freedom, thus it can be seen that the present invention is at least a 3 degrees of freedom mechanism.

There are many factors that affect the motion characteristics and motion uncertainty of the two pendulums, so that the mechanism has a chaotic motion in which the input of the motion is determined and the output is uncertain. The chaotic motion is characterized by a wide power spectrum curve and certain irregularities in the motion trajectory. performance, the present invention just utilizes these characteristics to apply the chaotic motion to the vibrating mechanical system with some special operation requirements.

Due to the effect of the swing, the total inertial force instantaneously synthesized by each pendulum block of the vibrator can change during operation, especially in the process of starting and stopping, in view of the structure of the present invention, the total inertial force can be very large. Small or close to zero, so that the exciter can pass through the resonance area with a small or close to zero exciting force, thereby avoiding resonance during the start-up and stop stages of the system.

The present invention is achieved by taking the following technical solutions:

The two-stage oscillating chaos vibrator of the present invention includes an exciter seat assembly and a two-stage oscillating assembly. The exciter base assembly includes an exciter base, an end cover and an exciter shaft, the exciter shaft is mounted on the exciter base, and end covers are arranged at both ends of the exciter base.

The two-stage swing assembly is distributed symmetrically at the left and right ends of the exciter shaft, and the two-stage swing assembly includes a fixed pendulum, a first-stage swing, a second-stage swing, a second-stage swing shaft, bearing one and bearing two. The second-stage pendulum assembly is installed on the shaft end of the exciter, and the fixed pendulum is fixed to the exciter shaft through a flat key; a shaft sleeve is installed between the first-stage pendulum and the fixed pendulum, and the first-stage pendulum is connected to the exciter through bearing one. Shafts of the vibrator are hinged, and the lower part of the first-stage swing is equipped with a second-stage swing shaft; the second-stage swing is hinged to the second-stage swing shaft through the second bearing.

The mass ratio of the fixed pendulum, the primary swing, and the secondary swing is 5:3.5:1.5, and it can also be other ratios of mass ratios, which should be comprehensively considered based on factors such as system requirements, structural permits, and guarantee system operation and efficiency. consider.

A pendulum block cover is consolidated at both ends of the exciter seat, which respectively cover the left and right secondary swing components to ensure safety during operation. The radial size of the pendulum block cover should be based on the range of motion of all pendulum blocks. Depends on size.

Since the structure of the left and right secondary swing components is symmetrically distributed, it is only necessary to state the left swing block component; or because of the symmetry, the left and right swing components are easy to achieve synchronization during movement, and there are occasional short-term out-of-sync situations, then The generated axial couple moments are completely within the tolerance range of the system, so no additional explanation is given.

The structural principle of the secondary swing assembly is explained as follows:

The second-stage pendulum assembly is installed on the shaft end of the exciter, and the fixed pendulum is fixed on the shaft of the exciter through a flat key; a shaft sleeve is installed between the first-stage pendulum and the fixed pendulum, which is connected to the shaft of the exciter through a bearing. Hinged, the lower part of which is equipped with a secondary swing shaft; the secondary swing is hinged to the secondary swing shaft through bearings.

When the present invention is started and operated, due to the unrestricted degree of freedom of the primary and secondary swings, and the effect of the fixed pendulum and the positioning device, the starting torque is reduced and the rapidity of starting is improved; Complicated; when the speed of the fixed pendulum slows down when the machine stops, the primary swing will move to the position limited by the positioning device along the ω direction due to inertia. At this time, the eccentricity of the primary swing and the fixed pendulum basically cancels out. At any angle, the exciter passes through the resonance area of the system with a small excitation force, thereby preventing the occurrence of resonance; there are many positioning holes on the fixed pendulum, and the positioning pins are inserted in different positioning holes to adjust the dynamic The included angle between the pendulum and the fixed pendulum when it starts and stops can achieve the purpose of adjusting the start and stop excitation force; when the present invention operates according to -ω, the positioning pin hole on the right side of the fixed pendulum can be used, and the positioning pin can be installed to achieve the same Effect.

It can be seen from the above analysis that the degree of freedom of the present invention is at least 3, and the more degrees of freedom, the more complex the motion of the system. When the shaft of the exciter drives the fixed pendulum to rotate, due to the influence of factors such as system load changes, power supply voltage fluctuations, system speed fluctuations, and acceleration fluctuations, the primary and secondary swings will be in a complex and changeable situation. The relative rotation of the fixed pendulum causes the position and motion of the center of mass of each pendulum to change, resulting in chaotic motion, and the performance parameters of the system such as vibration frequency, amplitude, excitation force, and vibration intensity will change greatly to achieve a wide power spectrum or Some irregular properties of the motion trajectory, such as the realization of special inertia properties such as large amplitude, large exciting force, and large vibration intensity in a transient state or in a short period of time.

In addition, the maximum values of parameters such as amplitude, excitation force, and vibration intensity, and the action time are related to factors such as the eccentricity of the center of mass of the pendulum blocks at each level, the quality of the pendulum blocks, the instantaneous speed of the exciter, the law of velocity and acceleration fluctuations, etc. The generated vibration has the characteristics of multiple frequencies and multiple amplitudes, that is, multiple frequencies and amplitudes act on the system at the same time, which is equivalent to the synthetic vibration of multiple frequencies and amplitudes.

The realization of the above-mentioned performance of the two-stage oscillating chaotic vibrator of the present invention can overcome some working obstacles of vibrating machinery, solve some key technologies of vibrating machinery or bottleneck problems restricting the development, such as the over-screening rate of vibrating screen machines. Low, stuck sieve; non-refinement and easy agglomeration of fine powder in vibrating mill; low mixing uniformity and low mixing efficiency of some materials in vibrating mixer; various silos, hoppers, and chutes Problems such as material bonding, arching, and abnormal movement of retention in wall vibration work have obvious engineering effects and applicable significance.

The invention enables the system to start with a small excitation force in the start-up phase, greatly reduces the start-up torque of the vibrator, and improves the rapidity and reliability of the vibration machine start; Resonance area, so as to prevent resonance, achieve the purpose of low energy consumption and long life, so it is especially suitable for vibrating machines that are frequently started.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the K-directed enlarged structure of the present invention with the left pendulum block cover removed.

Marks in the figure: 1. Exciter base, 2. End cover, 3. Fixed pendulum, 4. Flat key, 5. Bearing 1, 6. Shaft of vibrator, 7. Pendulum block cover, 8. Secondary swing , 9, bearing two, 10, two-stage swing shaft, 11, one-stage swing, 12, bushing, 13, positioning pin hole one, 14, positioning pin hole two, 15, positioning pin hole three, 16, positioning Pin hole four, 17, alignment pin one, 18, alignment pin two, 19, alignment pin three, 20, alignment pin four.

Detailed ways

With reference to accompanying drawing 1, the present invention mainly comprises vibrator seat assembly and secondary swing assembly. The vibrator seat assembly includes a vibrator seat 1, an end cover 2, a vibrator shaft 6, and the like. The exciter shaft 6 is installed on the exciter seat 1, and the two ends of the exciter seat 1 are equipped with end caps 2.

The two-stage swing assembly is symmetrically distributed at the left and right ends of the exciter seat 1, including a flat key 4, a bearing 5, a pendulum block cover 7, a two-stage swing 8, a bearing 9, a two-stage swing shaft 10, The first-stage swing 11, the shaft sleeve 12 and the fixed pendulum 3 are provided with positioning pin hole 1 13, positioning pin hole 2 14, positioning pin hole 3 15, positioning pin hole 4 16, positioning pin 1 17, positioning pin 2 18, positioning pin three 19, positioning pin four 20 and other structures.

A pendulum block cover 7 is respectively consolidated at both ends of the exciter base 1, and it respectively covers all left and right secondary swing assemblies to ensure safety during operation.

As shown in Figure 1, since the structure of the left and right secondary swing components is symmetrically distributed, only the left swing block component is stated in the specific implementation; or because of the symmetry, the left and right swing components are easy to achieve synchronization during movement, and occasionally In the case of short-term asynchrony, the generated axial moment is completely within the tolerance range of the system.

The structural principle of the two-stage swing assembly is illustrated by taking the left two-stage swing assembly as an example:

In the accompanying drawing 1, the secondary pendulum assembly is installed on the left end part of the exciter shaft 6, and the fixed pendulum 3 is fixed on the vibrator shaft 6 through the flat key 4; Cover 12, the primary pendulum 11 is hinged with the exciter shaft 6 through the first bearing 5, and the secondary pendulum 10 is equipped with its bottom; the secondary pendulum 8 is hinged with the secondary pendulum 10 through the second bearing 9.

It can be seen from accompanying drawing 2 that when the present invention is started to operate at an anticlockwise angular velocity ω, the degrees of freedom of the primary and secondary swings 11 and 8 are not restricted, and the effects of the fixed pendulum 3 and positioning pin three 19 or positioning pin four 20 , can reduce the starting torque and improve the rapidity of starting; when the stop is stopped, the speed of the fixed pendulum 3 slows down, and the primary swing 11 is moved to the position limited by the positioning pin 17 or the positioning pin 2 18 due to inertia along the ω direction ( As shown in the position shown by the double dotted line in accompanying drawing 2), the eccentricity of the first-stage swing 11 and the fixed pendulum 3 basically cancels out at this moment, and at this moment, no matter where the second-stage swinging 8 is line), so that the exciter passes through the resonance area of the system with a small excitation force, so as to prevent the occurrence of resonance. At the same time, there can be many positioning holes on the fixed pendulum 3, and the positioning pins can be inserted in different positions. In the positioning hole of the fixed pendulum, the angle between the swing pendulum and the fixed pendulum can be adjusted to achieve the purpose of adjusting the exciting force of the exciter; when the present invention operates according to the angular velocity -ω, the positioning pin hole-13 on the right side of the fixed pendulum 3 can be used , alignment pin hole two 14, alignment pin hole three 15, alignment pin hole four 16, load onto corresponding alignment pin and can reach above-mentioned same effect.

A pendulum block cover 7 is consolidated at both ends of the exciter seat 1, and the secondary swing assembly is covered in the pendulum block cover 7. The radial size of the pendulum block cover 7 should be determined according to the movement range of all pendulum blocks. .

As can be seen from the above analysis, the degree of freedom of the mechanism of the present invention is at least 3, and the more degrees of freedom, the more complex the motion of the system; Under the influence of fluctuations, system speed fluctuations and other factors, the first-level swing 11 and the second-level swing 8 will rotate relative to the fixed pendulum 3 under complex and changeable conditions, so that the position and motion of the center of mass of each pendulum block will change, resulting in chaos Movement can lead to large changes in the total inertial force, exciting force, amplitude and vibration intensity of the system, and can achieve a wide power spectrum or some irregular performance of the motion track, such as achieving transient or in a short period of time The realization of these special inertial properties is the main feature of the present invention, and its size and action time can be effectively controlled by the control device.

The invention can be used to vibrate the walls of various silos, hoppers, and chutes in vibrating machines to prevent materials from sticking, arching, and retention, and to promote the normal movement of materials; it can be used in linear vibrating screens, probability screens, rotary vibrating screens, Feeders, vibrating hoppers, vibrating conveyors, vibrating ball mills, vibrating rod mills, planetary ball mills and other vibrating machines are used as excitation sources and driving sources to enable the system to generate a wide power spectrum and achieve a certain system trajectory. Some irregular performances such as large amplitude, large excitation force, large vibration intensity and other special inertia performance requirements, more effectively complete various special operation content and operation requirements of the system.

The present invention can also be used for general vibrating machinery, so that the system can be started with a small excitation force in the starting stage, so as to reduce the starting torque of the vibrator and improve the rapidity and reliability of the vibrating machinery startup; The vibration force passes through the resonance area of the system, thereby preventing the occurrence of resonance and achieving the goals of low energy consumption and long life. The invention is especially suitable for vibrating machines that are frequently started.

Claims (3)

1. A two-stage vibrating chaos vibrator is characterized in that it comprises a vibrator seat assembly and a secondary vibrator assembly; the exciter seat assembly includes a vibrator seat, an end cap and a vibrator shaft, and the excitation The shaft of the vibrator is installed on the exciter seat, and the two ends of the exciter seat are equipped with end caps; The two-stage swing components are distributed symmetrically at the left and right ends of the exciter shaft. The two-stage swing components include a fixed pendulum, a primary swing, a secondary swing, a secondary swing shaft, bearing one and bearing two, two The first-stage pendulum component is installed on the shaft end of the exciter, and the fixed pendulum is fixed on the exciter shaft through a flat key; there is a bushing between the first-stage pendulum and the fixed pendulum, and the first-stage pendulum is connected to the vibration exciter by bearing one. The shaft of the device is hinged, and the lower part of the first-stage swing is equipped with a second-stage swing shaft; the second-stage swing is hinged to the second-stage swing shaft through the second bearing. 2. The two-stage oscillating chaotic vibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that pendulum block covers are fixed at both ends of the vibrator base. 3. The two-stage oscillating chaotic vibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that the mass ratio of the fixed pendulum, the first-stage oscillating, and the second-stage oscillating is generally 5:3.5:1.5.

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