The low ebb electricity of internal combustion engine generator and heat recovery, storage and utilize system again
Technical field
The present invention relates to low ebb electricity and heat recovery, the storage of internal combustion engine generator and utilize system again, in particular to the waste heat and electric recovery, storage and utilization and the peak regulation system of low ebb of diesel generator.
Background technique
Internal combustion engine generator is as the stand-by power main source that reaches enterprises and institutions that replenishes of peak times of power consumption power demand; Its using scope more and more widely; Internal combustion engine generator has then comprised fuel electric generator and gas electricity generator; Fuel electric generator can comprise diesel generator again, gasoline engine generator etc., and the present application of diesel generator is the most extensive.Be the power generation system of fuel for adopting diesel oil at present; Only there is the fuel energy about 35% to be converted into electric energy by generator; Other energy of about 30% and 25% are taken away by waste gas and generator cooling-water respectively, have also accounted for total energy about 10% and the fuselage heat of generator such as distributes at unknown losses.To the low problem of fuel utilization ratio in the internal combustion engine generator working procedure, the technology of the waste heat of multiple recycling generator has been arranged, in the existing technology in particular for reclaiming the technology of diesel emission using waste heat from tail gas.Generally, these technology all are directly to utilize the waste heat that produces in the working process of diesel engine mainly, and waste heat is used for heating and heating, perhaps utilize hot and cold, Electricity Federation to produce and supply central air-conditioner etc.The defective of the equal various degrees of these UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN technologies, poor such as versatility.And,, therefore need to be equipped with various heat utilization equipment associated therewith because existing heat recovery technology has adopted the form of direct recovery waste heat more, and is used with the form of heat.The problem that existing UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN mode also exists is that afterheat utilization efficient is low.Current have the means of multiple heat recovery to internal combustion engine generator, designed multiple corresponding purposes, but these means recovery rate is generally not high, and especially the waste heat taken away of cooling water does not almost have corresponding recovery scheme.Its reason mainly is that the heat recovery scheme of current diesel engine is not just carried out classification according to the grade of waste heat and recycled, and has caused the unreasonable of heat recovery scheme, and the heat recovery rate is low; Waste heat energy major part after the recovery is used for heating and heating, perhaps through lithium bromide cooling-water machine displacement chilled water, forms operating mode hot and cold, that produce the Electricity Federation; Though reclaimed the part available energy in the waste heat; But because the production of heat energy is difficult to control with use amount, and the manufacturing side of waste heat and hot user be two relatively independent parts, caused heat utilization equipment often to be in the irregular operation state; Overall efficiency is low, has also limited the popularization of all kinds of heat recovery technology greatly.
In addition; Zero load or low power consumption phenomenon in the generator working procedure, usually can occur, its specific power oil consumption increases, thereby causes waste, the environmental pollution of fuel; During greater than internal combustion engine generator rated power, generator then can not satisfy the system works requirement in peak of power consumption.To this problem, though the energy-storage battery technology can play certain peak regulation effect, because the restriction of its user cost and efficient is difficult in the internal combustion engine power generating system and uses widely.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provides a kind of and has internal combustion engine generator low ebb electricity and heat recovery, the storage of greater efficiency and utilize system again to existing above-mentioned defective in the existing technology.
Internal combustion engine generator low ebb electricity of the present invention and heat recovery, storage and utilize system to comprise internal combustion engine generator again; Air compression plant, this device is electrically connected with said internal combustion engine generator, is used for when low power consumption, the low ebb electricity being reclaimed and storing with the pressurized air form; Waste heat recovering device, this device and said internal combustion engine generator and waste heat recovering device are respectively to conduct heat and are connected, and are used for the waste heat that the said generator of internal combustion and air compression plant produce is in the course of the work reclaimed and stores; The air heat-exchanging device and the decompressor that link to each other with said air compression plant; When needed wherein; The pressurized air that is discharged by this air compression plant can carry out heat exchange with the said waste heat that is reclaimed and stored by this waste heat recovering device, getting into the acting of expanding in the decompressor then.Here, said decompressor air turbine machine preferably.
In said system, said air compression plant comprises compressor and the high pressure tank that gas circuit links to each other.Said Preheating unit is preferably annular fin and strengthens the heat exchange efficiency of this radiating fin through the mode of air-cooled or water-cooled.This waste heat recovering device preferably includes multi-level phase change accumulation of heat mechanism; Like accumulation of heat/heat-exchange system of forming by three grades of heat-accumulating materials; So that the pressurized air that temperature is lower through three grades of regenerative systems, as far as possible fully absorbs the available thermal energy that contains in tail gas and the cooling water in proper order.
In said system, preferably before air heat-exchanging device, in system's gas circuit, be provided with the Preheating unit that makes pressurized air and ambient air carry out heat exchange, improve the pressurized gas temperature to utilize external heat, and then improve its flow velocity.
The invention also discloses a kind of internal combustion engine generator low ebb electricity and heat recovery, storage and utilize method again, it comprises: utilize the internal combustion engine generator generating; When low power consumption, make the air compression plant work that is electrically connected with this internal combustion engine generator, so that the low ebb electricity that this internal combustion engine generator was produced is reclaimed and stores with the pressurized air form; The waste heat that this internal combustion engine generator and this air compression plant are produced in the course of the work reclaims and stores; To reclaim and the pressurized air of storage is introduced in the decompressor with external acting by this air compression plant, and wherein, before this pressurized air is sent into this decompressor, make this pressurized air absorb the said waste heat that institute reclaims and stores earlier.
The present invention reclaims storage with heat recovery and low ebb electricity and combines and be used for generation technology, has improved the energy utilization efficiency of internal combustion engine generator effectively, and has widened the afterheat utilization mode, also internal combustion engine generator has been played the peak regulation effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is low ebb electricity and heat recovery, the storage of internal combustion engine generator of the present invention and utilizes system schematic again;
Fig. 2 is the graph of a relation between system effectiveness of the present invention and pressurized air flow velocity;
Fig. 3 is the graph of a relation between system of the present invention output power and pressurized air flow velocity.
Embodiment
Below will combine the accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention to be described in detail, but be to be understood that protection scope of the present invention does not receive the restriction of embodiment.
Of Fig. 1, internal combustion engine generator low ebb electricity that this is concrete and heat recovery, storage and utilize system to comprise again: internal combustion engine generator 1; The air compression plant of forming by air compressor 2 and high pressure tank 3; Flow control valve 4; The pressurized air Preheating unit of forming by annular fin and fan 5; Hold/heat-exchanger rig 6 by what heat-accumulating material was formed; Decompressor 7; Generator 8.Here, said internal combustion engine generator 1 is preferably diesel generator, and air compressor 2, high-pressure gas cylinder 3, pressurized air Preheating unit 5, hold/heat-exchanger rig 6 and decompressor 7 be interconnected on gas circuit successively, fluid is communicated with in other words; Generator 1 and air compressor 2 respectively with hold/heat-exchanger rig 6 water routes are communicated with, thereby the waste heat that generator 1 and air compressor 2 are produced at work can be passed to through working medium (water) and holds/heat-exchanger rig 6 and being stored.
When low power consumption; Just under the underloaded situation of output terminal, start air compressor 2, the major part of the electric energy that generator 1 is produced is transported to user 9; And surplus electricity part valley electricity drive air compressor 2 in other words is compressed in the gas holder 3 air adiabatic.When peak of power consumption or internal combustion engine generator 1 are closed and are needed electricity consumption; Can be according to the use amount turn-on flow rate regulating valve 4 of user's 9 electric energy; Pressurized air volume expanding through flow control valve 4; Temperature reduces, but when it flowed through pressurized air Preheating unit 5, pressurized air returned to normal temperature basically because of carrying out heat exchange with the external world.Subsequently, the pressurized air after the preheating is flowed through and is held/heat-exchanger rig 6 absorption heats, and compressed-air actuated volume flowrate increases, and directly is used to drive decompressor 7, decompressor 7 and then 8 generatings of driving generator, and output power is to user 9.Directly utilize the user of residual heat resources to needs, the present invention also can export residual heat resources according to hot user's demand classification adjustablely.Here, compressor is preferably multistage compressor.
Hold/heat-exchanger rig 6 is a waste heat recovering device, is used for the waste heat that internal combustion engine generator 1 and air compressor 2 produce is in the course of the work reclaimed and stores.This waste heat recovering device can be made up of various heat-accumulating materials commonly used in the existing technology; And its structure optimization is arranged to multi-level phase change accumulation of heat mechanism, so that according to different types of residual heat resources, for example cooling water heat, diesel engine vent gas waste heat, the heat of compression etc. in the waste heat energy level difference reclaiming system; Thereby can reclaim kind diesel residual heats at different levels largely; Especially in low-grade cooling water, waste heat is able to reclaim, and the recycling efficient of waste heat can reach 70%~80%.
In this device; Because compressor 2, gas holder 3, hold/pressurized air electric power storage system that heat-exchanger rig 6 and decompressor 7 formed is divided into two independent parts with power end and user side; Play the effect of " Pinggu, peak disappears " peak regulation, can make internal combustion engine generator work be in best running state all the time.The utilization ratio of system fuel also will be by 35% bringing up to more than 55% in the past, and the maximum output of internal combustion engine generator can improve about 3 times, thereby satisfies the requirement of peak electricity consumption.
Radiating fin in the pressurized air Preheating unit 5 also can use other shape and structure, and for strengthening its heat exchange efficiency, can also radiating fin be put into water to replace fan, to form the water-cooled Preheating unit.
Shown in Figure 2 is the graph of a relation between system of the present invention summation efficient and the pressurized air flow velocity.System's summation efficient here is meant the system total efficiency value, and its calculating formula can be expressed as:
The calorific value of system's summation efficient=(the external output power value of the external output power value+residual neat recovering system of internal combustion engine generator)/consumption diesel oil
Fig. 3 is system of the present invention gross output and pressurized air flow velocity relation.
Can learn that from Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 system's summation efficient is that system's output power all improves along with the increase of pressurized air flow velocity.In the present invention, because pressurized air experienced preheating and absorbed the waste heat that holds/stored in the heat-exchanger rig 6 before getting into the decompressor acting after, its flow velocity increase, thus system effectiveness and system's output power improved effectively.Evidence, in power load during greater than the maximum rated output power of internal combustion engine generator, the turn-on flow rate regulating valve, when compressed-air actuated flow set was 0.06kg/s, the total efficiency value of system was 48%, the external output power peak value of system is 65kw.If is compressed-air actuated flow set 0.31kg/s, the total efficiency value of system can bring up to 57%, and the external output power peak value of system can be brought up to 160kw.
Although above reference implementation example and accompanying drawing describe the present invention, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned concrete characteristic and design.To those skilled in the art, need be with the size and dimension of each parts of numeric representation in above-mentioned explanation, these can come to confirm as the case may be.Except given example, under the prerequisite that does not exceed the scope of the invention, those skilled in the art read above describe can make change or be equal to the scope that replacement all should belong to the present invention.