CN102705101A - Cooling system for internal combustion engine pistons - Google Patents

Abstract

A cooling system for use with a piston of an internal combustion engine, comprising: a piston having a piston housing and forming a piston chamber; a connecting rod comprising a piston end, a crankshaft end, and a body portion extending between the piston end and the crankshaft end, the piston end being operably received in a piston cavity of the piston: a cooling gallery disposed within the connecting rod to convey cooling fluid from the crankshaft end to the piston end, wherein the cooling fluid is directed from the cooling gallery into the piston cavity to remove heat from the piston to cool the piston; a crankshaft including a passage to communicate cooling fluid to the connecting rod, and a fluid outlet disposed on the piston housing and communicating with the piston cavity such that cooling fluid located in the piston cavity is directed out of the piston cavity through the fluid outlet.

Description

Cooling system for internal combustion engine pistons

technical field

The invention relates to a cooling system, in particular to a cooling system for an internal combustion engine, so that when the piston is working, the heat of the piston device can be taken away by the circulating flow of the cooling fluid.

Background technique

Today's internal combustion engines need to perform explosive combustion work at higher and higher temperatures, the main reasons are as follows:

First of all, the international emission standards for internal combustion engines are becoming more and more stringent. The internal combustion engine must minimize the emission of pollutants, which requires a very complete combustion in the internal combustion engine. Obviously, this requires combustion to be carried out at a higher temperature.

The second reason why internal combustion engines need to work at high temperatures is that manufacturers are always trying to increase the performance gain of the engine and reduce the engine capacity without losing its power and efficiency.

Manufacturers of internal combustion engines have tried in the past to manufacture engine pistons from lightweight alloys such as aluminum alloys. However, the disadvantage of aluminum alloy is that it cannot withstand too high temperature due to its relatively low melting point temperature. In other words, the piston made of aluminum alloy can no longer meet the current higher and higher temperature requirements without effective cooling methods.

In order to solve this problem, the manufacturers of internal combustion engines have produced steel top aluminum skirt combined pistons, but due to the different expansion rates of steel and aluminum, this kind of piston is very difficult to make and expensive, and the all-steel piston is too heavy for the internal combustion engine. Performance and efficiency are adversely affected.

When continuing to use light alloy pistons such as aluminum alloy pistons, it is necessary to have an effective cooling system to cool the top of the piston. Otherwise, the engine would heat up the piston to melting temperature very quickly.

Contents of the invention

The advantage of the present invention is that it provides a cooling system for pistons of internal combustion engines, which is used by all internal combustion engines that use the alternating motion of the pistons, so that when the pistons are working, the heat of the pistons can be taken away by the circulating flow of cooling fluid.

Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a cooling system for internal combustion engine pistons, which realizes the cooling of the pistons during operation, so that the pistons made of lightweight alloys such as aluminum alloys can meet the explosive combustion requirements of internal combustion engines at higher temperatures. The requirement of working reduces the production difficulty and cost of the piston.

Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a cooling system for pistons of an internal combustion engine. The cooling system can realize cooling of the pistons, so that the combustion is more complete when working at a higher temperature, and the waste emission of the internal combustion engine is reduced.

A further advantage of the present invention is that a cooling system for pistons of an internal combustion engine is provided which enables cooling of the pistons. The height dimensions of the internal combustion engine can thus be minimized without overheating problems.

Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a cooling system for internal combustion engine pistons, through the circulating flow of cooling fluid, the lubrication of the connecting rod head connecting the pistons is enhanced, and the performance of the internal combustion engine is improved.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a cooling system for use with a piston assembly of an internal combustion engine, said cooling system comprising:

a piston movably supported within the interior of the internal combustion engine, and comprising a piston housing forming a piston cavity therein;

a connecting rod including a piston end, a crankshaft end, and a main body portion, the piston end operably received in the piston cavity of the piston, the main body portion extending from the Between the end of the piston and the end of the crankshaft:

a crankshaft connected to the crankshaft end of the connecting rod;

a cooling passage disposed within the connecting rod to convey a predetermined amount of cooling fluid from the end of the crankshaft to the end of the piston, wherein the cooling fluid is directed from the cooling passage into the piston a chamber in which the cooling fluid acts to remove a predetermined amount of heat from the piston, thereby cooling the piston; and

A fluid outlet is disposed on the piston housing and communicates with the piston cavity, wherein the cooling fluid in the piston cavity is directed away from the piston cavity through the fluid outlet.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a cooling system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the connecting rod bowl piston end of the cooling system according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the limit lock ring of the cooling system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a top view of the locking ring of the cooling system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a rear view of the limit locking ring of the cooling system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the flow of cooling fluid in the cooling system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 to 6, a cooling system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is used for cooling

A piston device of an internal combustion engine, wherein said cooling system comprises a piston 10. The piston 10 is movably supported and arranged in the internal combustion engine, and the piston 10 includes a piston housing 11 , and a piston cavity 12 is formed in the piston housing 11 . The cooling system includes a connecting rod 20 having a piston end 21, a crankshaft end 22, and a body portion 23, the piston end 21 being operatively received in the piston 10 In the piston chamber 12 , the main body portion 23 extends between the piston end portion 21 and the crankshaft end portion 22 .

The cooling system also includes a crankshaft 30 connected to the crankshaft end 22 of the connecting rod 20 . The crankshaft 30 has a channel 31 and the crankshaft 30 is located in a crankcase which stores cooling fluid.

The cooling system includes a cooling channel 41 and fluid outlets 42 and 112 for cooling the piston 10 when the piston 10 is working.

More specifically, the cooling passage 41 is provided in the connecting rod 20 to convey a predetermined amount of cooling fluid from the crankshaft end 22 to the piston end 21 , wherein the cooling fluid is transferred from the crankshaft end 22 to the piston end 21 The channel 31 of the crankshaft 30 flows into the cooling channel 41, thereby leading into the piston cavity 12 through the cooling channel 41, passing through the fluid outlet 42 communicated with the piston cavity 12 and arranged in the piston housing. The fluid outlet 112 on the body 11 and communicated with the piston cavity 12, the cooling fluid is guided away from the piston cavity 12, and the heat generated by the piston 10 is taken away by the cooling fluid, wherein the cooling fluid It is used to remove a predetermined amount of heat from the piston 10 so as to effectively cool the piston arrangement when the internal combustion engine is in operation.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the piston 10 further includes a head cap 13, the head cap 13 is formed in the piston housing 11, the piston 10 has a piston crown 111, the head cap 13 faces The lower ground extends integrally from the piston crown 111 of the piston 10 into the piston chamber 12, wherein the head cap 13 has a corrugated cross-section or other shapes to form a corresponding Chamber 14. It is worth mentioning that the piston end 21 of the connecting rod 20 has an arc cross-section corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the head cap 13, and the piston end 21 of the connecting rod 20 is operatively connected to on the head cap 13 of the piston 10 .

As shown in FIG. 2, the connecting rod 20 also has a plurality of fluid distribution grooves 212, and the plurality of fluid distribution grooves 212 are formed on the piston end 21 of the connecting rod 20 at intervals, wherein the The cooling fluid is directed into the plurality of fluid distribution slots 212. It is worth mentioning that each of the fluid distribution grooves 212 has an arc-shaped cross section.

The piston 10 also has an annular cooling chamber 121 located under the piston crown 111 . The annular cooling cavity 121 communicates with the cavity 14 through the plurality of fluid distribution grooves 212 . Thus, when the cooling fluid enters the annular cooling cavity 121 from the cavity 14 , the cooling fluid cools the piston crown 111 . It is worth mentioning that the annular cooling cavity 121 also provides enough space for the piston end 21 to move freely therein.

That is, a cooling chamber is formed between the piston end 21 of the connecting rod 20 and the head cap 13, the cooling fluid is introduced into the cooling chamber to cool the head cap 13, and Lubrication is provided for the mechanical movement of the piston 10 and the connecting rod 20 , and then the cooling fluid enters the annular cooling cavity 121 through a plurality of fluid distribution grooves 212 to circulate and cool the top of the piston 10 .

In order to support the connecting rod 20 in the piston chamber 12, the piston 10 also includes a plurality of limit lock rings 15, and the plurality of limit lock rings 15 are assembled in the piston cavity 12 and located at The lower part of the piston end 21 of the connecting rod 20, wherein the piston end 21 is sandwiched between the limit lock ring 15 and the head cap 13, so that the piston end 21 It is firmly installed in the piston chamber 12.

In this preferred embodiment, the piston 10 includes two limit locking rings 15, which can be connected to form a complete ring, which is installed in the piston 10 through threads on the rings. The two limit lock rings 15 are positioned in the piston 10 with screws 150 , so that the connecting rod 20 is firmly connected with the piston 10 . It is worth mentioning that each of the limiting lock rings 15 has an arc-shaped contact surface 151 to coincide with the lower surface of the piston end 21 of the connecting rod 20 .

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , each of the limit lock rings 15 also includes a transmission channel 152 formed in the arc-shaped contact surface 151, so that the cooling chamber 121 is guided through the transmission channel 152 The cooling fluid leaves the piston housing 11 and returns to the crankcase. At the same time, lubricate the surface of the piston end 21 and the limit lock ring 15 . Also, the cooling fluid is splashed onto the inner surface of the skirt of the piston 10, thereby further facilitating the cooling of the piston arrangement.

Each limit lock ring 15 also has a circulating groove 153 and a plurality of vertical grooves 154 on the outer surface of the portion, and the vertical grooves 154 communicate with the piston chamber 121, so that the cooling Fluid may flow to the circulation groove 153 through the vertical groove 154 .

The piston housing 11 also has a plurality of fluid passages 112, wherein the plurality of fluid passages 112 are arranged corresponding to the position of the circulation groove 153 of the limit lock ring 15, so that the cooling fluid can flow from the fluid passages 112 leaves the piston housing 11. This lubricates and cools the piston outer skirt.

In addition, each of the limiting lock rings 15 also has a plurality of vertical holes 155 in the lower part of the outer side to allow excess cooling fluid to be discharged.

The piston 10 also includes a compression ring 113, a sealing ring 114, and an oil ring 115 on the lower half of the piston skirt to ensure the proper position of the piston skirt in the cylinder. The piston 10 has a plurality of through holes 116 on the bottom surface of the oil ring groove to allow the cooling fluid on the outer surface of the piston skirt to enter the piston 10, thereby ensuring better cooling through the circulating flow of the cooling fluid. and lubrication.

Because the piston 10 does not have a conventional piston pin, the linear expansion of the piston is the same in either angular direction, so the piston skirt is not like a conventional piston, but is truly perfectly round.

Because the piston end 21 of the connecting rod 20 is not tubular and does not have a piston pin, the position of the piston head cap 13 of the piston 10 can be lower than the center of the concave surface of the connecting rod piston end 21, so that in the same stroke Under certain conditions, the length of the engine can be reduced.

The inside of the connecting rod 20 contains a longitudinal cooling channel 41, one end leads to the piston end 21, and the other end leads to the crankshaft end 22, under a certain pressure, cooling fluid is allowed to flow from the channel 31 in the crankshaft 30 to the piston along the longitudinal channel 41 10 of the chamber 14 . Since the cooling fluid flows through the channel 41, the connecting rod 20 is also cooled by the cooling fluid.

The cooling system 40 also includes a non-return valve 43, the non-return valve 43 is arranged at the center of the piston end 21 of the connecting rod 20, at the end of the cooling passage 41 in the longitudinal direction, and the non-return valve 43 The valve 43 communicates with the cooling channel 41 , so as to prevent the cooling fluid from flowing back from the cavity 14 back to the cooling channel 41 .

It is worth mentioning that, if there is a valve slot on the top of the piston, a stopper to prevent the rotation of the piston 10 can be added to the system. The limit guiding device of the piston 10 can be composed of a limit groove 50 and a sliding guide rail 51, or a limit groove 50 and a ball 51, which are assembled on the bowl-shaped piston end 21 of the connecting rod 20 and the On the lower convex surface of the piston head cap 13.

It is worth mentioning that the cooling fluid continuous cooling channel 41 is guided into the cavity 14 and the annular cooling cavity 121, and then guided away from the piston 10 through the fluid outlets 42 and 112 and finally returns to the In the crankcase, the flowing cooling fluid takes away a certain amount of heat, thereby cooling the piston 10, so the cooling fluid performs two functions in the present invention, namely cooling and lubrication.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the working process of the cooling system of the present invention is as follows as shown in Figure 6:

1) under the pressure of the external pump, the cooling fluid enters the cooling passage 41 of the connecting rod 20 from the crank passage 31 of the crankshaft 30;

2) The cooling fluid in the cooling passage 41 passes through the check valve 43, reaches the bowl-shaped piston end 21 of the connecting rod 20, and then fills the cavity 14;

3) The cooling fluid is distributed between the bowl-shaped piston end 21 of the connecting rod 20 and the piston head cap 13 at the same time, and enters into the ring through the distribution groove 212 on the concave surface of the bowl-shaped piston end 21 Cooling cavity 121;

4) A part of the cooling fluid in the annular cooling cavity 121 flows back to the crankcase through the transmission channel 152 on the concave surface of the limit lock ring 15; Groove 154 and circulation groove 153, and flow to the outer surface of the piston through a plurality of fluid channels 112 located under the seal ring 114, and cooling fluid can flow through a plurality of vertical holes 155 on the limit lock ring 15 to the inner surface of the piston skirt;

5) The cooling fluid flows from the plurality of fluid passages 112 to the outer surface of the piston housing skirt 11, and then the cooling fluid further passes through the plurality of through holes 116 above the oil ring 115 on the upper surface of the oil ring groove. to the piston 10 and finally back to the crankcase of the engine.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention shown in the foregoing description and drawings are only examples and do not limit the present invention.

It can be seen that the purpose of the present invention has been completely and effectively realized. The functions and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the embodiments, and the implementation modes can be modified arbitrarily without departing from the principles. Therefore, the present invention includes all modified embodiments based on the spirit and scope of the claims.

Claims (27)

1. the cooling means of a piston, said piston is supported in an internal combustion engines movingly, and said piston comprises a piston shell and in said piston shell, form a piston cavity, it is characterized in that; Said method comprises the steps:

(a) cooling fluid of one prearranging quatity is sent to a pistons end of said connecting rod from a crankshaft end of said connecting rod through being arranged at a cooling channel in the connecting rod; Wherein said connecting rod also comprises a main part; Said main part extends between said pistons end and the said crankshaft end, and said pistons end operationally is contained in the said piston cavity of said piston;

(b) the said cooling fluid of guiding gets into said piston cavity from said cooling channel, thereby cools off said piston with the heat of taking away a prearranging quatity from said piston through said cooling fluid; With

(c) guide the said cooling fluid that is positioned at said piston cavity and leave said piston cavity through fluid outlet, wherein said fluid output is connected with said piston cavity.

2. cooling means as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises a step: get into the said cooling channel in the said connecting rod through the said cooling fluid of the channel lead that is arranged at a said bent axle.

3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 cooling means; It is characterized in that; Also comprise a step: said piston forms a head cap, and said head cap is positioned at said piston shell, and the whole downwards piston apical cap from said piston shell of said head cap extends into said piston cavity; The cross section of wherein said head cap is a waveform, in the said lower surface of said head cap, to form the cavity volume of a correspondence.

4. cooling means as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, also comprises a step: said cooling fluid is sent to the said cavity volume under the said head cap from said bent axle, and the cooling channel of wherein said cooling system extends longitudinally in said connecting rod.

5. cooling means as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, also comprises a step: said cooling fluid is sent to the said cavity volume under the said head cap from said bent axle, and the cooling channel of wherein said cooling system extends longitudinally in said connecting rod.

6. cooling means as claimed in claim 3; It is characterized in that; Also comprise a step: stop said cooling fluid to go back to said cooling channel from said cavity volume adverse current through a check valve; Said check valve is arranged on the said pistons end of said connecting rod, and said check valve is connected with said cavity volume.

7. cooling means as claimed in claim 5; It is characterized in that; Also comprise a step: also comprise a step: stop said cooling fluid to go back to said cooling channel from said cavity volume adverse current through a check valve; Said check valve is arranged on the said pistons end of said connecting rod, and said check valve is connected with said cavity volume.

8. cooling means as claimed in claim 7; It is characterized in that; Also comprise a step: guide said cooling fluid and get into an annular cooling chamber through at least one fluid splitter box on the said connecting rod from said cavity volume; Wherein said at least one fluid splitter box is formed on the said pistons end of said connecting rod each other with interval, and said annular cooling chamber is positioned at below the piston apical cap, thereby cools off said piston pileum.

9. cooling means as claimed in claim 8; It is characterized in that; Also comprise a step: leave said piston shell through the said cooling fluid of at least one transmission channel lead; Flowing back into a crankcase, wherein said transmission passage is arranged on the arc contact surface of two spacing lock rings of said piston cavity each other with interval, and said two spacing lock rings butt joints are to form a domain.

10. cooling means as claimed in claim 9; It is characterized in that; Also comprise a step: guide said cooling fluid and get into a circle groove through at least one vertical slots that is arranged on every said spacing lock ring outer surface top, wherein said vertical slots is communicated with said annular cooling chamber, and said piston shell also has at least one fluid passage; The corresponding arrangement in wherein said fluid passage with the position of said circle groove, thus said cooling fluid is able to flow to said outer surface of piston.

11. cooling means as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, also comprises a step: guide said cooling fluid and flow back to said piston shell from an at least one through hole, wherein said through hole is formed at the oil ring upper surface of said piston shell bottom.

12. cooling means as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, also comprises a step: guide said cooling fluid from least one vertical orifice flow to the piston skirt internal surface, wherein said hard straight hole is formed at said every spacing lock ring outer lower portion.

13. a cooling system, said cooling system are used for an internal combustion engine device effect, it is characterized in that said cooling system comprises:

One piston, said piston is supported in said internal combustion engines movingly, and said piston comprises a piston shell and in said piston shell, form a piston cavity;

One connecting rod, said connecting rod comprises a pistons end, and a crankshaft end and a main part, said pistons end operationally are contained in the said piston cavity of said piston, and said main part extends between said pistons end and the said crankshaft end;

One bent axle, said bent axle are connected in the said crankshaft end of said connecting rod;

One is arranged on the cooling channel of said connecting rod; Cooling fluid with a prearranging quatity is sent to said pistons end from said crankshaft end; Wherein said cooling fluid gets into said piston cavity from the guiding of said cooling channel; Wherein said cooling fluid is used for taking away from said piston the heat of a prearranging quatity, thereby makes the said piston of cooling;

The outlet of one fluid, said fluid output is arranged on the said piston shell and with said piston cavity and is communicated with, and the said cooling fluid that wherein is positioned at said piston cavity leaves through said fluid output guiding.

14. cooling system as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, said bent axle has a passage, and said cooling fluid gets into said cooling channel from said crank channel.

15. cooling system as claimed in claim 14; It is characterized in that said piston shell comprises a piston apical cap, said piston forms a head cap; Said head cap is positioned at said piston shell; And the whole downwards said piston apical cap from said piston shell of said head cap extends into said piston cavity, and the cross section of wherein said head cap is a waveform, in the said lower surface of said head cap, to form the cavity volume of a correspondence.

16. cooling system as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that, said piston also has an annular cooling chamber, and said annular cooling chamber is positioned at below the said piston apical cap, and said annular cooling chamber is connected with said cavity volume.

17. cooling system as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, said pistons end has at least one fluid splitter box, and said annular cooling chamber is connected through said fluid splitter box with said cavity volume.

18. cooling system as claimed in claim 14; It is characterized in that; Said piston also comprises two spacing lock rings; Said two spacing lock ring butt joints are to form a domain, and wherein said pistons end is sandwiched between said spacing lock ring and the said head cap with the sandwich mode, thereby said pistons end is able to firmly be installed in the said piston cavity.

19. cooling system as claimed in claim 17; It is characterized in that; Said piston also comprises two spacing lock rings; Said two spacing lock ring butt joints are to form a domain, and wherein said pistons end is sandwiched between said spacing lock ring and the said head cap with the sandwich mode, thereby said pistons end is able to firmly be installed in the said piston cavity.

20. cooling system as claimed in claim 19 is characterized in that, every said spacing lock ring has an arc contact surface, adapts with the said lower surface with the said pistons end of said connecting rod.

21. cooling system as claimed in claim 20; It is characterized in that; Every said spacing lock ring also comprises the transmission passage that is formed on the said arc contact surface, gets into said annular cooling chamber thereby leave said cavity volume through the said cooling fluid of said transmission channel lead.

22. cooling system as claimed in claim 21; It is characterized in that; Every said spacing lock ring outer surface top also has a setting circle groove and at least one vertical slots above that; Said vertical slots is communicated with said annular cooling chamber, thereby makes said cooling fluid flow to said circle groove through said vertical slots.

23. cooling system as claimed in claim 22; It is characterized in that; Said piston shell also has at least one fluid passage; The corresponding arrangement respectively of the circle groove position of wherein said fluid passage and said spacing lock ring, thus said cooling fluid is able to leave from said fluid passage and flows to said outer surface of piston.

24. cooling system as claimed in claim 23 is characterized in that, said piston also comprises a compression ring, and a seal ring and be positioned at the oil ring on the Lower Half of piston skirt is to guarantee the correct position of said piston skirt in cylinder.

25. cooling system as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that, said piston has at least one through hole at the oil ring groove upper surface, gets in the said piston cavity with the cooling fluid that allows the piston skirt outer surface.

26. cooling system as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that, the cooling channel of said cooling system extends longitudinally in said connecting rod, and is arranged in and is used for said cooling fluid is sent to from said bent axle the said piston cavity of said piston shell.

27. cooling system as claimed in claim 26; It is characterized in that; Said cooling system also comprises a check valve; Said check valve is arranged on the said pistons end of said connecting rod, and said check valve is connected with said cooling channel, thereby avoids said cooling fluid to go back to said cooling channel from said cavity volume adverse current.

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