CN102733799A - Well drilling information acoustic wave transmission relay device based on drilling string information channel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an information transmission device while drilling in the field of oil and natural gas drilling engineering, in particular to an acoustic wave transmission relay device for drilling information based on a drill string channel, including an acoustic sensor, a modulation circuit, a power supply and a transmitting transducer assembly. The circuit receives the electrical signal output by the acoustic wave sensor, obtains effective data through processing, and transmits the effective data to the transmitting transducer assembly; the power supply is used for transducing the acoustic wave sensor, the modulation circuit and the acoustic wave emission power supply. The invention can effectively work for a long time in complex downhole environments, increase the transmission distance of sound waves in the drill string, ensure effective detection and directional emission of signals, and reduce ringing interference.

Description

Drilling information acoustic wave transmission relay device based on drill string channel

technical field

The invention relates to an information transmission device while drilling in the field of petroleum and natural gas drilling engineering, in particular to an acoustic wave transmission relay device for drilling information based on a drill string channel.

Background technique

According to the current situation of oil and natural gas drilling projects in the world and the forecast of future development, the oil drilling industry will face more complex geological conditions and harsher natural environments. Knowing the downhole drilling parameters and geological parameters in time is the key to reducing drilling risks and improving An important guarantee for drilling benefits. At present, the drilling information transmission methods that have been proposed and applied mainly include four types: cable transmission, drilling fluid transmission, electromagnetic wave transmission and acoustic wave transmission.

The wired transmission method uses cables as the carrier of information transmission, which can transmit downhole information to the ground, and can also transmit ground command information to downhole tools and equipment, realizing rapid, large-scale and two-way transmission of information. However, this method has disadvantages, that is, the rotation of the drill string during the drilling process is likely to cause the cable to be worn or twisted, which affects the normal operation of the construction.

The drilling fluid (mud) transmission method uses the pressure wave of the drilling fluid as the signal transmission carrier, and the drilling fluid column as the channel for information transmission. Due to the limitation of pressure wave propagation speed in drilling fluid, the data transmission rate of this transmission method is slow, the amount of information transmitted per unit time is small, and the transmission process is easily affected by noise. In addition, this method is dependent on drilling fluid, and cannot realize two-way transmission of information, which limits the scope of application of this information transmission method.

The electromagnetic wave transmission method realizes the two-way transmission of information and gets rid of the dependence on drilling fluid, but there are also disadvantages: there is a large attenuation in the formation, and it is dependent on the formation, that is, different formations have different electromagnetic characteristics , which will lead to the deterioration of the versatility of the transmission system. In addition, its cost is high, and to achieve long-distance transmission, a high-power driving power supply is necessary. It is difficult to achieve these conditions in a small underground space.

The acoustic wave transmission method of drilling information uses the drill string as the acoustic signal transmission channel and the sound wave as the signal carrier to carry out the wireless transmission of downhole information. Since the drill pipe is used as the acoustic channel for high-speed transmission of downhole information, this information transmission method does not depend on the existence and nature of drilling fluid, and is not disturbed by magnetic substances in the formation, which provides a unique advantage for high-speed downhole information transmission. condition. In addition, this transmission method also has the advantages of simple equipment structure, low cost, easy directional transmission and extremely fast propagation speed, and has become one of the hotspots in the field of underground information transmission technology research. However, the problem of severe attenuation of sound waves propagating in the drill string has always troubled drilling workers. How to overcome the attenuation of sound waves in the drill string has become a difficult problem that must be solved for the success of the sound wave transmission technology for drilling information.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention makes beneficial improvements.

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical problems to be solved

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problem of serious attenuation of sound waves propagating in the drill string in the existing sound wave transmission mode of drilling information, so as to increase the effective transmission distance of sound wave signals.

(2) Technical solution

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a drilling information acoustic wave transmission relay device based on a drill string channel, including an acoustic sensor, a modulation circuit, a power supply and a transmitting transducer assembly, and the modulation circuit receives the The electrical signal output by the acoustic wave sensor is processed to obtain effective data, and the effective data is transmitted to the transmitting transducer assembly; the power supply is used for powering the acoustic wave sensor, the modulation circuit and the transmitting transducer assembly.

Specifically, the modulation circuit includes a signal conditioning circuit, a downhole computer system and a signal transmitting circuit;

The signal conditioning circuit receives the electrical signal output by the acoustic wave sensor, amplifies, filters and adjusts the electrical signal, and then sends the electrical signal to the downhole computer system;

The downhole computer system receives the electrical signal sent by the signal conditioning circuit, obtains valid data after demodulation and decoding, and saves the valid data; then recodes and modulates the valid data, and outputs the valid data;

The signal transmitting circuit receives the effective data signal from the downhole computer system and sends it to the transmitting transducer assembly.

Further, the downhole computer system is electrically connected to the signal conditioning circuit and the signal transmitting circuit respectively.

In addition, the drilling information sound wave transmission relay device also includes a sound wave receiving joint; the sound wave sensor is an accelerometer, and the accelerometer is installed at a position in contact with the sound wave receiving joint.

Further, an accelerometer positioning body is also included, and the accelerometer positioning body is respectively fixedly connected to the acoustic wave receiving joint and the accelerometer.

Further, it also includes a launch end joint, and the launch transducer assembly is pressed against the launch end joint through a positioning nut.

Further, a transducer adjustment ring is also included, and the transducer adjustment ring is arranged between the transmitting transducer assembly and the positioning nut.

Still further, it also includes an instrument protection tube; the transmitting end joint is connected with the acoustic wave receiving joint to form a connecting component, and the connecting component and the instrument protection tube form a sealed cavity.

In addition, the transmitting transducer assembly includes an axially polarized annular thin ring piece, which is made of lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic material; The number of ring pieces is at least two, and the ring-shaped thin ring pieces are connected in mechanical series and circuit parallel; the two adjacent ring-shaped thin ring pieces are polarized oppositely.

Further, the transmitting transducer assembly also includes a metal front cover, a metal back cover and electrode sheets; glued together with epoxy resin.

(3) Beneficial effects

Compared with prior art and product, the present invention has following advantage:

1. Using broadband transducers, the operating frequency is determined according to different drill string structures, which enhances versatility, ensures effective detection and directional emission of signals, and reduces ringing interference.

2. The overall strength of the device is strong, which can meet the needs of underground work.

3. It can effectively work in the complex environment downhole for a long time, and increase the transmission distance of sound waves in the drill string.

4. It can realize the rapid transmission of information, speed up the ground construction personnel's understanding of the downhole situation and the response to complex downhole accidents, reduce drilling risks and improve drilling efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is A-A sectional schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a B-B sectional schematic view of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manner of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, a drilling information sound wave transmission relay device based on a drill string channel is composed of a transmitting end joint 1, a transmitting joint seal assembly 2, a transmitting transducer assembly 3, an instrument protection tube 4, and an instrument cabin 5 , power supply 6, sound wave receiving joint seal assembly 7, mandrel seal assembly 8, transducer adjustment ring 9, positioning nut 10, modulation circuit 11, accelerometer positioning body 12, accelerometer 13, protection cylinder positioning pin 14 and Acoustic receiving joint 15 forms.

The transmitting end joint 1 and the acoustic wave receiving joint 15 are integrally connected by threads for transmitting axial load and torque; the mandrel seal assembly 8 is installed on the outer edge of the threaded connection between the transmitting end joint 1 and the acoustic wave receiving joint 15 to prevent The hollow drilling fluid passes through; the connecting member of the transmitting end joint 1 and the acoustic wave receiving joint 15 and the instrument protection cylinder 4 form a sealed cavity for installing and placing internal instruments; the acoustic wave receiving joint sealing assembly 7 and the transmitting joint sealing assembly 2. It is used to prevent the outer space drilling fluid from entering the cavity for installing and placing internal instruments; the positioning pin 14 of the protection tube connects the connecting body of the transmitting end joint 1 and the acoustic wave receiving joint 15 with the instrument protection tube 4 to achieve relative stillness; The transducer assembly 3 is pressed tightly on the joint 1 of the transmitting end through the positioning nut 10 to realize the conversion of the electroacoustic signal; the adjustment ring 9 is located between the transmitting transducer assembly 3 and the positioning nut 10, and is used to adjust the transmitting transducer The distance gap between the device assembly 3 and the positioning nut 10 and the hard contact on both sides are prevented.

As shown in Figure 2, the instrument cabin 5 is connected to the transmitter connector 1 by threads, and is used to install a power supply 6, a modulation circuit 11, and an accelerometer 13. The accelerometer 13 can be used as an acoustic wave sensor and can be replaced by other sensors such as force transducers. . The power supply 6 can provide energy for the transmitting transducer assembly 3 and the accelerometer 13 . The modulation circuit 11 is placed in the instrument cabin 5, and includes a signal conditioning circuit, a downhole computer system and a signal transmitting circuit. The downhole computer system is connected to the signal conditioning circuit and the signal transmitting circuit respectively. The function of the signal conditioning circuit is to amplify, filter and adjust the electrical signal output by the receiving sensor, that is, the accelerometer 13, so that it can be received by the downhole computer system. The function of the downhole computer system is to: monitor and ensure the normal operation of the entire repeater circuit system; receive the conditioned acoustic signal, and obtain valid data through demodulation and decoding; save valid data; re-encode and modulate the data, and output to the signal transmitter circuit. The function of the signal transmitting circuit is to receive signals from the downhole computer system and provide driving for the transmitting transducer assembly 3 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the accelerometer 13 is installed in the instrument compartment 5 and is close to one end of the acoustic wave receiving connector 15 . It is in contact with the acoustic wave receiving connector 15 for measuring the acoustic wave signal transmitted from the lower part. The accelerometer positioning body 12 is fixedly connected to the acoustic wave receiving joint 15 and the accelerometer 13 respectively, so as to realize the close contact between the accelerometer 13 and the acoustic wave receiving joint 15 . The transducing element of the transmitting transducer assembly 3 is made of axially polarized lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezoelectric ceramic material, and the shape of the piezoelectric material is a ring-shaped thin ring piece. There are at least two slices, and they are connected in mechanical series and circuit parallel, and the polarization directions of the adjacent two annular thin ring slices are opposite, so that the overall longitudinal vibration of the transmitting transducer assembly 3 can be compared. overlay. The transmitting transducer assembly 3 also includes a metal front cover, a metal rear cover and electrode sheets; the material of the front cover of the transmitting transducer assembly 3 is duralumin or duralumin, and the material of the rear cover is brass. The ring-shaped thin ring piece is bonded with the electrode piece and the metal front and rear cover plates with epoxy resin glue.

The power supply 6 is a high temperature resistant lithium battery or a rechargeable high temperature resistant lithium battery.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (10)

1. drilling information sonic transmissions relay based on the drill string channel; It is characterized in that; Comprise sonic sensor, modulation circuit, power supply and transmitting transducer assembly; Described modulation circuit receives the signal of telecommunication of described sonic sensor output, this signal of telecommunication is handled and the acquisition valid data, and these valid data are transferred to the transmitting transducer assembly; Described power supply is used to sonic sensor, modulation circuit and the power supply of transmitting transducer assembly.

2. drilling information sonic transmissions relay according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described modulation circuit comprises signal conditioning circuit, the down-hole department of computer science signal transmission circuit of unifying;

Described signal conditioning circuit receives the signal of telecommunication of described sonic sensor output, and amplify, filtering and adjustment, then this signal of telecommunication is sent to the down-hole computer system;

The signal of telecommunication that described down-hole computer system receiving signal reason circuit sends, and through obtaining valid data behind the demodulation sign indicating number, and preserve this valid data; Recompile and the described valid data of modulation then, and with the output of this valid data;

Described signal transmission circuit receives the signal of the valid data that send from the down-hole computer system, and sends to the transmitting transducer assembly.

3. drilling information sonic transmissions relay according to claim 2 is characterized in that described down-hole computer system is connected respectively with signal transmission circuit with described signal conditioning circuit.

4. drilling information sonic transmissions relay according to claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises that also sound wave receives joint; Described sonic sensor is an accelerometer, and this accelerometer is installed in described sound wave and receives the joint position contacting.

5. drilling information sonic transmissions relay according to claim 4 is characterized in that, also comprises the accelerometer positioning body, and this accelerometer positioning body receives joint with described sound wave and is fixedly connected respectively with accelerometer.

6. drilling information sonic transmissions relay according to claim 4 is characterized in that, also comprises the transmitting terminal joint, and described transmitting transducer assembly is pressed in described transmitting terminal joint through setscrew nut.

7. drilling information sonic transmissions relay according to claim 6 is characterized in that, also comprises the transducer adjusting ring, and this transducer adjusting ring is arranged between said transmitting transducer assembly and the described setscrew nut.

8. drilling information sonic transmissions relay according to claim 6 is characterized in that, also comprises the protection of instrumentation tube; Described transmitting terminal joint links to each other with sound wave reception joint and constitutes connecting elements, and this connecting elements and protection of instrumentation tube constitute seal chamber.

9. drilling information sonic transmissions relay according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described transmitting transducer assembly comprises the thin circular ring plate of the ring-type of radial polarization, and the material of the thin circular ring plate of this ring-type is a lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) electrooptical ceramics material; The thin circular ring plate quantity of described ring-type is at least two, and adopts the machinery series connection between the thin circular ring plate of described ring-type, and the circuit on the thin circular ring plate of this ring-type adopts the mode of parallel connection to connect; The thin circular ring plate polarization of two adjacent ring-types is opposite.

10. drilling information sonic transmissions relay according to claim 9 is characterized in that described transmitting transducer assembly also comprises metal bezel plate, metal back cover plate and electrode slice; Pass through the epoxy resin glue glued adhesion between the thin circular ring plate of described ring-type and said metal bezel plate, metal back cover plate and the electrode slice.

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