CN102776206B - 控制大白菜生长的BrTCP24基因及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种控制大白菜生长的BrTCP24基因及其应用,所述BrTCP24基因,具有如SEQ ID No.1所示核苷酸序列,全长1221bp,该基因能应用于经济作物的生产改良。实验结果表明,该基因为植物生长的控制基因,具有负调控植物生长的功能,通过过量表达该基因,可以获得比野生植株体型小的转基因植株。本发明的基因可为培育农作物新品种提供理论依据和基因来源。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种控制大白菜生长的BrTCP24基因及其应用,特别是一种负调控大白菜生长的BrTCP24基因及其应用,属于分子生物学技术领域。
背景技术
大白菜(Brassica rapa L.ssp.pekinensis)起源于中国,是我国乃至世界性的重要蔬菜作物之一。叶球是大白菜食用的最主要器官,其大小是目前开展大白菜育种工作所要考虑的一个重要经济性状。多年的生产实践表明,大白菜叶球的大小受严格的遗传控制,受相关基因表达调控的影响。开展大白菜叶球大小相关基因的研究对于遗传上控制叶球的大小,提高作物产量和品质有重要的理论意义和实用价值。
不同物种间,植物器官的大小有着显著的差异,但在物种内个体之间器官的大小相对一致,说明植物器官的大小受到严格的遗传控制。已有的研究表明,在植物体中存在多个控制器官大小的基因,例如ANT、AtGRF1-AtGRF5、ARGOS、BrARGOS、AtGIF1、STN1、AtMRB1、ANGUSTIFOLIA、AtEXP10、ARL、ROT3、RON2/LUG以及BPE基因等。它们可通过协调细胞分裂和生长来决定器官大小。例如,过量表达AtGRF1和AtGRF2的拟南芥产生较大的叶片和子叶。相反,argrf1-atgrf2-atgrf3三突变体产生较小的叶片和子叶,这些表型变化是由于细胞体积的增加或减小所致,这表明AtGRF蛋白调节叶片和子叶组织细胞的延伸。由于在叶宽轴方向上的细胞数目减少,GIF1功能缺失突变体产生了较窄的叶片和花瓣,说明GIF1基因控制叶片和花瓣的生长和形状。
拟南芥AINTEGUMENTA(ANT)基因功能缺失突变体减小了叶、花的大小和数目,而ANT基因的异位表达增大了营养器官(如叶和茎)和花器官。ANT基因主要通过影响总细胞数目和细胞分裂程度来改变成熟器官的大小。该基因并不控制细胞生长速率和细胞周期,而是在器官形成过程中调节器官生长和细胞分裂。这些结果表明ANT基因很可能维持与生长相协调的持续的细胞分裂。ANT基因功能缺失致使细胞有丝分裂减少,细胞生长提前终止,从而使器官减小。相反,ANT基因过量表达的植株能使自身细胞比正常细胞生长和分裂时间更长,因而使器官增大。ANT基因的功能并不仅限于拟南芥,35S::ANT的表达也使转基因烟草植株增大。ANT基因编码一个具有AP2-domain的转录因子,它的同源基因已经从其它植物中分离出来。油菜BANT基因在拟南芥中异位表达也使拟南芥器官增大,这进一步支持了不同植物中ANT基因在控制器官大小方面具有保守的功能。
ARGOS基因在ANT基因的上游起作用并影响器官细胞的分裂能力。表达正义或反义ARGOS基因的植株器官分别增大或减小,这是因为细胞数目和器官生长持续时间的变化而改变了器官大小。拟南芥ARGOS-LIKE基因过量表达可使植株器官增大,增大的原因不是细胞数目的增加,而是细胞体积的增大,这说明同源基因在控制器官大小方面承担的功能有所不同。
TCP家族转录因子是植物所特有的。TCP domain基因是一类关键的发育调控基因,在不同物种中的不同成员分别参与了不同的形态发育过程。在TCP基因家族中,第一个被分离 和鉴定的成员是金鱼草的Cycloidea(Cyc)基因,Cyc和另外一个TCP基因家族成员Dichotoma(Dich)共同控制了金鱼草花的不对称性发育。当Cyc和Dich双突变时,金鱼草的花由两侧对称花转变成了辐射对称花(peloric flower)。在玉米中,TCP基因家族的成员Teosinte Branched 1(Tb1)控制了玉米的分蘖,Tb1基因的突变导致正常野生型玉米的顶端优势丧失,侧芽的生长发育不受抑制,能够发育成为侧枝,其表型与玉米的祖先墨西哥类黍(teosinte)极其相似,另外,水稻中的Cyc/Tb1同源基因PCF 1和PCF 2也已经被克隆,基因序列比较表明,Tb1、Cyc、PCF1和PCF2的序列中均含有一个非常保守的结构域,这个结构域可以形成不典型螺旋-环-螺旋(basic-Helix-Loop-Helix)的结构,而且是由60个左右的氨基酸残基组成。取Tb1、Cyc和PCF的第一个字母,将这段保守的序列称为TCP domain,凡是有这个保守结构域的基因都被称为TCP domain基因。根据TCP domain的序列特点,可将TCP基因家族分为2个亚类:一类是以PCF为代表,另一类则是以Cyc和Tb1为代表。它们之间在生物学功能上表现出一定的差异。例如属于第一类的TCP20基因可正调控细胞的生长,而属于第二类的CIN、TCP2以及TCP4等基因则具有相反的功能,负调控细胞的生长。
因此,如果能够找到控制大白菜细胞生长,并进而控制器官大小的基因并加以利用,将对大白菜品质的改良起到非常关键的作用。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的不足,提供一种控制大白菜生长的BrTCP24基因及其应用。
一种控制大白菜生长的BrTCP24基因,其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示。
上述BrTCP24基因全长1221bp,编码406个氨基酸,在进化上,与BrTCP24基因具有较近亲缘关系的为拟南芥AtTCP4基因;二者的核苷酸序列一致性仅为77.15%,氨基酸序列一致性仅为77.57%,种间差异较大。
一种由上述BrTCP24基因编码的多肽,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.2所示。
一种插入上述SEQ ID No.1所示核苷酸序列的重组载体。
上述BrTCP24基因、重组载体在经济作物生产改良中的应用。
有益效果
本发明从大白菜中克隆了BrTCP24基因,并验证了该基因具有负调控植物细胞生长的功能,经试验,通过过量表达该基因,可以获得比野生型植株体型小的转基因植株。本发明的基因可为培育农作物新品种提供理论依据和基因来源。
附图说明
图1为蛭石上生长30天的野生型和转基因拟南芥植株的对比照片:A为野生型植株,B为BrTCP24过量表达的转基因植株。
图2为1/2MS培养基上生长20天的野生型和转基因拟南芥植株的对比照片:A为野生型植株,B为BrTCP24过量表达的转基因植株。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例及说明书附图对本发明的技术方案做进一步说明,但本发明所保护范围不限于此。
实施例
大白菜mRNA的提取
以大白菜品种福山包头10天苗龄幼苗的地上部分为材料,置于液氮预冷的研钵中,加 入液氮快速磨成粉末,将100mg粉末装入1.5ml离心管中,加入1ml Trizol(购自Invitrogen公司)颠倒混匀,室温静置10分钟。在4℃,12000rpm离心10分钟,取上清液移至新的1.5ml离心管中。加入200μl氯仿,用手剧烈摇晃15秒钟,室温静置2-3分钟。4℃,12000rpm离心10分钟。取无色上层水相至一新的离心管中,加入600μl-20℃冰箱预冷异丙醇,颠倒混匀,室温静置10分钟。4℃,12000rpm离心10分钟,除上清液。加入1ml 75%(v/v)乙醇,涡旋震荡。4℃,7500rpm离心3分钟。室温干燥3-5分钟,加入30μl的无RNase的水溶解沉淀,然后置于55℃水浴中溶解10分钟,迅速冰浴5分钟后瞬时离心,制得mRNA。
BrTCP24基因的获得
利用RT-PCR方法扩增BrTCP24基因的编码序列。具体操作方法如下:
将制得的mRNA反转录成第一链cDNA,所用反转录酶为Takara公司生产的M-MLV reverse transcriptase,反应体系为20μl。依次加入1μl oligo dT、2μg RNA和无RNase水至13.5μl,在70℃水浴中变性5分钟,迅速冰浴5分钟,瞬时离心,然后依次加入1μl10mMdNTP,4μl 5×RT缓冲液,0.5μl RNase inhibitor和1μl反转录酶。混合均匀,42℃反应60分钟,70℃水浴10分钟使酶失活,制得第一链cDNA。
以第一链cDNA为模板扩增目的基因,所用引物为:
BrTCP24-F:5'-GTTCTAGAATGGCAGACGAAGCTCACAACTTTC-3'(SEQ ID NO.3)
BrTCP24-R:5'-GGACTAGTTTAACGATGGCGAGAAATGGAGGAA-3'(SEQ ID NO.4)
PCR反应体系为25μl,依次加入10×PCR缓冲液2.5μl,2μl 2.5mM dNTP,2μl第一链cDNA,正向引物0.5μl(10mM),反向引物0.5μl(10mM),5U/μl Taq DNA聚合酶0.25μl,最后加水至25μl。
PCR反应条件:预变性94℃3分钟;变性94℃30秒,退火58℃30秒,延伸72℃2分钟,30个循环;最后延伸10分钟,4℃保存。
将上述PCR产物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳后,加入pUC18 DNA vector中:pUC18 DNA vector由Takara公司产售,经连接反应,然后将连接产物转化大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞进行检测,取阳性菌株,制得连接好的载体;
上述连接体系10μl,各组分为1μl pUC18 DNA vector,2μl PCR产物,1μl T4DNA连接酶,1μl 10×反应缓冲液,加水补至10μl;上述连接条件为:16℃水浴中反应12-16小时。
将连接好的载体进行测序,确认正确无误,经检测,BrTCP24基因的核苷酸序列如SEQID NO.1所示,全长1221bp,预测编码406个氨基酸。在进化上,BrTCP24基因与拟南芥AtTCP4基因具有较近的亲缘关系;二者的核苷酸序列一致性为77.15%,氨基酸序列一致性为77.57%。
转基因植株的获得
将上述连接好的载体用Takara公司生产的XbaI和Spel内切酶酶切,操作如下:
反应体系50μl,包括7.5μl 10×T缓冲液,20μl连接好的载体,2μl BamHI内切酶,2μl SalI内切酶和18.5μl水;反应条件为:在37℃水浴4个小时;
将酶切后的BrTCP24基因经琼脂糖凝胶电泳后,用杭州博日科技有限公司产售的Biospin Gel Extraction Kit回收基因片段,操作如下:用干净、锋利的手术刀,将含有BrTCP24基因的琼脂糖凝胶切下,并放入1.5ml离心管中。按1:3的比例加入Extraction buffer。于50℃恒温水浴中直到凝胶融化。将混合液全部转入Spin column内,于6000rpm离心1分钟,弃去 接液管内液体。向Spin column中加入500μl Extraction buffer,于12000rpm离心1分钟,弃去接液管内液体。向Spin column中加入750μl Wash Buffer,于12000rpm离心1分钟,弃去接液管内液体。再次于12000rpm离心1分钟,然后将Spin column转移至无菌的1.5ml离心管内。向Spin column中加入50μl Elution Buffer,并于室温放置1分钟。12000rpm离心1分钟,收集含有BrTCP24基因的溶液。上述详细操作可参见Biospin Gel Extraction Kit的产品使用说明书。
将上述含有BrTCP24基因的溶液中的BrTCP24基因连接入植物表达载体pCAMBIA2300-35S-OCS(购自Biovector公司)中,操作如下:
反应体系10μl,包括1μl pCAMBIA2300-35S-OCS,5μl含有BrTCP24基因的溶液,1μl10×T4连接酶缓冲液和1μl T4连接酶,加水至10μl;反应条件为:在16℃下连接12-16小时;
经上述反应,制得质粒DNA,然后将质粒DNA转化大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞,提取质粒进行鉴定,制得构建好的质粒DNA。
将构建好的质粒DNA转入农杆菌LBA4404(购自Biovector公司)中,操作如下:
取100μl农杆菌LBA4404细胞溶液经电击制备农杆菌感受态细胞,加入3μl构建好的质粒DNA,冰浴5分钟,液氮冷冻1分钟,37℃水浴5分钟,然后加入1ml LB培养基(1升LB培养基含5g酵母提取物,10g胰蛋白胨,10g氯化钠),28℃,200rpm振荡3小时。10000rpm离心1分钟,弃上清,加入100μl LB培养基重悬细胞,涂布于含有50mg/L卡那霉素、50mg/L利福平的LB平板培养基上(1升LB平板培养基含5g酵母提取物,10g胰蛋白胨,10g氯化钠,15g琼脂),28℃培养2-3天,选取经转化后的农杆菌LBA4404;
通过浸花法将上述经转化后的农杆菌LBA4404转化拟南芥(Columbia ecotype),操作如下:
将经转化后的农杆菌LBA4404接种于5ml LB培养基中,28℃,200rpm振荡过夜,按2wt%的接种量接种于200ml新鲜LB培养基中,继续培养至OD600为1.0,4500rpm离心5分钟收集菌体,重悬于侵染液中,将拟南芥的花序浸入侵染液中30秒,把花盆侧放于托盘中,蒙上地膜避光24小时,第二天取下地膜,将花盆直立;
上述侵染液含有5wt%蔗糖,0.03wt%Tween(吐温)-20。
制备1/2MS筛选平板(1/2MS培养基加50mg/L卡那霉素,100mg/L羧苄青霉素),T1代种子用70%(v/v)乙醇消毒5分钟,2wt%次氯酸钠消毒10分钟后播种于1/2MS筛选平板,每板播种100μg的拟南芥种子。4℃春化3天后放于培养箱(22℃,16小时光照/8小时黑暗)中。6天后选出绿色的生长正常的阳性植株,移入蛭石中培养,单株收获T2代种子。繁殖后获得T3代,鉴定T3代,获得纯合的转基因株系10株。
BrTCP24基因功能的鉴定
纯合的转基因株系和野生型拟南芥种子在4℃冰箱中春化3天,消毒后将种子播于1/2MS培养基平板。一部分于22℃,16小时光照/8小时黑暗培养箱中6天,检测下胚轴的长度(结果如表1所示)。一部分置于培养间(22℃,16小时光照/8小时黑暗)中培养,生长20天时检测植株的重量并观察表型(结果如表1和图2所示)。
待1/2MS培养基平板上生长的幼苗的子叶完全张开后,将转基因株系和野生型幼苗转入蛭石中,然后置于培养间(22℃,16小时光照/8小时黑暗)中培养,培养30天后观察纯 合的转基因株系和野生型植株的表型(结果如图1所示)。通过观察发现纯合的转基因株系比野生型植株显著减小,说明BrTCP24基因的过量表达抑制了植物的生长,从而使得植物器官减小。
表1
注:*幼苗在黑暗中生长一周;**幼苗在1/2MS培养基平板上生长20天。
Claims (2)
1.一种控制大白菜生长的BrTCP24基因,其特征在于,核苷酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示。
2.一种由权利要求1所述BrTCP24基因编码的多肽,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.2所示。
3. 一种插入权利要求1所述BrTCP24基因的重组载体。
4. 权利要求1所述BrTCP24基因或权利要求3所述重组载体在大白菜品质的改良中的应用。
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| PCT/CN2013/081752 WO2014029309A1 (zh) | 2012-08-22 | 2013-08-19 | 控制大白菜生长的BrTCP24基因及其应用 |
| US14/373,145 US9353380B2 (en) | 2012-08-22 | 2013-08-19 | BRTCP24 gene useful for controlling growth of cabbage and application thereof |
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