CN103100802A - 高镍奥氏体球铁同质电焊条 - Google Patents
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 18
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019064 Mg-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019406 Mg—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- TVCIIEGEAQCZHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Mg].[Ni] Chemical compound [Si].[Mg].[Ni] TVCIIEGEAQCZHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;silicon Chemical compound [Ca]=[Si] OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- MHKWSJBPFXBFMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Fe] MHKWSJBPFXBFMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
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- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高镍奥氏体球铁同质电焊条,焊芯组分质量百分比为:C为2.6%~3.6%、Si为3%~3.6%、Ni为32%~37%、Cr为1.8%~3.6%、Mn为1%~1.6%、Bi为0.02%~0.05%、Mg为0.05%~0.08%、S<0.05%、P<0.05%、其余为Fe;药皮组分质量百分比为:大理石为22%~28%、金红石为18%~20%、石英为10%~12%20%、石英10%~12%、钾长石为15%~18%、石墨为3~5%、铝粉为2%~3%、镍镁硅球化剂为3%~4%、30#硅钙为5%~7%、白泥为10%~13%、45#锰铁为5%~8%2%、Na2CO3为0.5%~2%。本发明的电焊条,满足了高性能焊接修复需要。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于焊接材料技术领域,涉及一种高镍奥氏体球铁同质电焊条。
背景技术
汽车中的涡轮增压器技术是提高发动机效率、降低燃油消耗、减少废气排放的有效手段。随着汽油发动机转速提高,废气进气量加大,必然导致涡轮增压器及进排气管道工作温度的大幅上升。
高镍奥氏体球铁是生产汽车涡轮增压器壳体及进排气管用品的首选材料,其耐热温度可达1150℃以上,现己成为汽车行业节能减排的主流发展方向,极具市场竞争力。但高镍球铁涡壳及进排气管等铸件在生产过程中不可避免的产生各种缺陷,对缺陷铸件实施挽救修复具有极大的经济效益。
作为特种焊接材料,高镍奥氏体球铁电焊条在高镍球铁件气焊和缺陷修复等工程领域中不可或缺。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高镍奥氏体球铁同质电焊条,能够在室温或较低温度下施焊,获得焊缝成分、组织和性能与铸件本体一致,满足了高镍球铁件的高性能焊接修复需要。
本发明所采用的技术方案,一种高镍奥氏体球铁同质电焊条,由焊芯和药皮组成,所述焊芯由以下组分按质量百分比组成:
C为2.6%~3.6%、Si为3%~3.6%、Ni为32%~37%、Cr为1.8%~3.6%,Mn为1%~1.6%、Bi为0.02%~0.05%、Mg为0.05%~0.08%、S<0.05%、P<0.05%、其余为Fe。
所述的药皮由以下组分按质量百分比组成:大理石为22%~28%、金红石为18%~20%、石英为10%~12%20%、石英10%~12%、钾长石为15%~18%、石墨为3~5%、铝粉为2%~3%、镍镁硅球化剂为3%~4%、30#硅钙为5%~7%、白泥为10%~13%、45#锰铁为5%~8%2%、Na2CO3为0.5%~2%。
本发明的有益效果是:1)焊缝色泽与高镍球铁铸件本体一致;2)焊缝成份和组织为典型的高镍奥氏体球铁组织;3)焊缝强度和硬度与高镍球铁铸件本体基本一致;4)焊接工艺性能良好;5)焊接温度范围在室温~200℃之内,实现了高镍奥氏体球铁铸件的不预热焊接和焊补;6)本发明的电焊条同时还适用于灰铸铁或球墨铸铁件的焊接修复。
具体实施方式
本发明是一种高镍奥氏体球铁同质电焊条,焊条包括焊芯和药皮组成,焊芯由以下组分按质量百分比组成:C为2.6%~3.6%、Si为3%~3.6%、Ni为32%~37%、Cr为1.8%~3.6%,Mn为1%~1.6%、Bi为0.02%~0.05%、Mg为0.05%~0.08%、S<0.05%、P<0.05%、其余为Fe。
焊芯成份中,各化学元素的组成及含量限定理由分述如下:
为了使焊缝金属获得高镍奥氏体球铁组织,防止出现焊缝片状石墨和熔合区白口化,保证焊接(补)区的机械加工性能,焊丝中含碳量和含硅量均有较严控制;为了获得奥氏体基体的焊缝组织,焊丝中加入了高含量的镍;为了保障焊缝中碳化物的含量,有必要加入一定量的铬;为了改善焊缝金属机械性能,加入少量的锰;为了净化焊缝金属,减小S、O等有害杂质元素的影响,焊丝中还加入了Mg;为了细化晶粒、促进石墨球析出,还添加了微量的Bi元素,铋的加入,不仅可显著细化焊缝中的石墨球,而且能改善石墨球的圆整度。
药皮由以下组分按质量百分比组成:大理石为22%~28%、金红石为18%~20%、石英为10%~12%20%、石英10%~12%、钾长石为15%~18%、石墨为3~5%、铝粉为2%~3%、无稀土的镍镁硅球化剂为3%~4%、30#硅钙为5%~7%、白泥为10%~13%、45#锰铁为5%~8%2%、Na2CO3为0.5%~2%。
焊条药皮组分中,各组成物的含量的添加理由分述如下:
为了保证焊缝金属与高镍奥氏体铸铁件具有良好的匹配性,药皮组分除了具备合金化元素之外,还需要促成合金元素过渡的渣系。基于合金元素Cr的过渡及除去有害元素O、S的考虑,确定药皮为酸性渣系;同时为保障焊条的焊接工艺性能,药皮选用CaO-TiO2-SiO2渣系;由于H在奥氏体中析出倾向小,不易产生冷裂纹,脱氢不必考虑;用残留镁、锰铁、硅钙和铝粉脱氧脱硫,既有利于提高焊接区性能,又有利于防止焊缝结晶裂纹的产生;添加石墨的作用有两点,一是补充焊接过程中C元素的烧损,二是提高焊条药皮的导电性,降低焊条药皮发红程度。
本发明的高镍奥氏体球铁同质电焊条,焊芯采用电炉熔配低杂质含量的铁液,经炉前球化、孕育处理后,浇注成高镍奥氏体球墨铸铁焊芯;再应用T25型压涂机,在制得的高镍球铁焊芯上涂敷石墨化药皮,经磨头、磨尾后,烘干制成球墨铸铁电焊条。
以下各个实施例中,为便于对比焊条药皮的配方,先应用同炉熔炼的同一包铁水浇注出相同成分的焊芯,焊芯的成分分别是:C为2.8%、Si为3%、Ni为34%、Cr为2%,Mn为1%、Bi为0.03%、Mg为0.05%、S为0.04%、P为0.04%、其余为Fe;再利用不同组分的药皮组分制作出的电焊条分别用于焊接高镍奥氏体球铁、灰铸铁和球墨铸铁。
表1 本发明三种类型的焊接工艺参数对比表
表2 本发明各实施例电焊条药皮的组分配比表(质量%)
三种焊接类型实施例的焊接工艺参数如表1所示,七个实施例电焊条药皮组分配比如表2所示,七个实施例电焊条熔敷金属化学成份如表3所示,七个实施例熔敷金属的力学性能如表4所示.
表2、表3、表4中,序号1、2、3均为本发明的电焊条用于焊接高镍奥氏体球墨铸铁母材的实施例,序号4、5均为本发明的电焊条用于焊接球墨铸铁母材的实施例,序号6、7均为本发明的电焊条用于焊接灰铸铁母材的实施例。
表3 本发明各实施例电焊条焊接所得熔敷金属化学成份对比表(质量%)
表4 本发明各实施例电焊条熔敷金属的力学性能对照表(质量%)
Claims (2)
1.一种高镍奥氏体球铁同质电焊条,由焊芯和药皮组成,其特征在于,
所述焊芯由以下组分按质量百分比组成:C为2.6%~3.6%、Si为3%~3.6%、Ni为32%~37%、Cr为1.8%~3.6%,Mn为1%~1.6%、Bi为0.02%~0.05%、Mg为0.05%~0.08%、S<0.05%、P<0.05%、其余为Fe;
所述药皮由以下组分按质量百分比组成:大理石为22%~28%、金红石为18%~20%、石英为10%~12%20%、石英10%~12%、钾长石为15%~18%、石墨为3~5%、铝粉为2%~3%、镍镁硅球化剂为3%~4%、30#硅钙为5%~7%、白泥为10%~13%、45#锰铁为5%~8%2%、Na2CO3为0.5%~2%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高镍奥氏体球铁同质电焊条,其特征在于,所述的药皮选用CaO-TiO2-SiO2渣系。
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56109191A (en) * | 1980-02-02 | 1981-08-29 | Nippon Steel Corp | Production of low hydrogen type coated arc electrode |
| DE3530837A1 (de) * | 1985-08-29 | 1987-03-05 | Soudbrase Schweisstech Gmbh | Schweissstab |
| JPH02258192A (ja) * | 1989-03-30 | 1990-10-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | レールのエンクローズアーク溶接用被覆アーク溶接棒 |
| CN1769002A (zh) * | 2005-11-17 | 2006-05-10 | 西安理工大学 | 用于灰铸铁和球墨铸铁焊接的同质电焊条/气焊丝 |
| CN101554688A (zh) * | 2009-05-15 | 2009-10-14 | 西安理工大学 | 药芯合金化球墨铸铁同质气焊丝及电焊条 |
| CN101954554B (zh) * | 2010-09-19 | 2012-05-02 | 山东建筑大学 | 一种工艺性能良好的酸性焊条 |
-
2013
- 2013-01-31 CN CN201310036244.0A patent/CN103100802B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56109191A (en) * | 1980-02-02 | 1981-08-29 | Nippon Steel Corp | Production of low hydrogen type coated arc electrode |
| DE3530837A1 (de) * | 1985-08-29 | 1987-03-05 | Soudbrase Schweisstech Gmbh | Schweissstab |
| JPH02258192A (ja) * | 1989-03-30 | 1990-10-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | レールのエンクローズアーク溶接用被覆アーク溶接棒 |
| CN1769002A (zh) * | 2005-11-17 | 2006-05-10 | 西安理工大学 | 用于灰铸铁和球墨铸铁焊接的同质电焊条/气焊丝 |
| CN101554688A (zh) * | 2009-05-15 | 2009-10-14 | 西安理工大学 | 药芯合金化球墨铸铁同质气焊丝及电焊条 |
| CN101954554B (zh) * | 2010-09-19 | 2012-05-02 | 山东建筑大学 | 一种工艺性能良好的酸性焊条 |
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