CN103257018A

CN103257018A - Rigid rotor dynamic balance obtaining method

Info

Publication number: CN103257018A
Application number: CN2013101790991A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张报建; 刘淑梅; 李名尧; 石然然; 康博; 李晓霞; 刘雅辉; 于秋华; 毛苹宇; 范秋雪
Original assignee: Shanghai University of Engineering Science
Current assignee: Shanghai University of Engineering Science
Priority date: 2013-05-14
Filing date: 2013-05-14
Publication date: 2013-08-21

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of rotor design, and provides a method for obtaining the dynamic balance of a rigid rotor, which includes the following steps: Step 1: Divide the solid model of the rotor parts into grids and decompose them into a limited number of unit entities; Step 2: Extract each mesh The mass characteristic data of the grid unit; Step 3: Obtain the dynamic unbalance of the rotor; Step 4: Obtain the dynamic balance result of the rigid rotor. The present invention effectively solves the disadvantage of inaccurate dynamic balance of rigid rotors. Using the present invention to obtain dynamic balance is of great significance for designing rotors, and can effectively reduce machine vibration, thereby prolonging the service life of the machine, improving work efficiency, and making the operation safer.

Description

The Method of Obtaining Dynamic Balance of Rigid Rotor

技术领域technical field

本发明属于转子设计技术领域，特别涉及一种刚性转子动平衡的获取方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of rotor design, in particular to a method for obtaining dynamic balance of a rigid rotor.

背景技术Background technique

转子动不平衡质量的惯性力或惯性力矩是造成旋转机械产生振动的主要原因之一。要消除或减少机器的振动，首先考虑的主要方法是对转子进行平衡，使机器的振动限制在允许的范围内。The inertial force or moment of inertia of the rotor's dynamic unbalanced mass is one of the main causes of vibration in rotating machinery. To eliminate or reduce the vibration of the machine, the main method considered first is to balance the rotor to limit the vibration of the machine within the allowable range.

动平衡是转子设计和加工中的重要指标，是决定转子振动大小的重要参数，目前在工程上往往采用分片技术获取转子动平衡，这种技术能近似的计算出转子动不平衡量，但是由于其不能准确的判断每一分片的质心的准确值，故精确度不高，直接影响机器的使用寿命、工作效率及操作者的使用安全。Dynamic balance is an important indicator in rotor design and processing, and an important parameter to determine the vibration of the rotor. At present, the sliced technology is often used in engineering to obtain the dynamic balance of the rotor. This technology can approximate the dynamic unbalance of the rotor. However, due to It cannot accurately judge the exact value of the centroid of each slice, so the accuracy is not high, which directly affects the service life of the machine, work efficiency and the safety of the operator.

因此，转子设计技术领域迫切需要一种精确度更高、延长机器使用寿命、工作效率高、操作更加安全的刚性转子动平衡的获取方法。Therefore, in the technical field of rotor design, there is an urgent need for a method for obtaining dynamic balance of rigid rotors with higher accuracy, longer machine life, higher work efficiency, and safer operation.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明为了解决现有刚性转子动平衡获取的缺陷，提供一种快速、准确的刚性转子动平衡的获取方法，技术方案如下：In order to solve the defects of obtaining the dynamic balance of the existing rigid rotor, the present invention provides a fast and accurate method for obtaining the dynamic balance of the rigid rotor. The technical scheme is as follows:

刚性转子动平衡的获取方法，其特征在于，包含以下步骤：The method for obtaining the dynamic balance of a rigid rotor is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

步骤1：将转子零件的实体模型划分网格，分解成有限个单元实体；Step 1: Mesh the solid model of the rotor parts and decompose it into a finite number of unit entities;

步骤2：提取各网格单元的质量特性数据；Step 2: Extract the mass characteristic data of each grid unit;

步骤3：获取转子动不平衡量；Step 3: Obtain the dynamic unbalance of the rotor;

刚性转子两面的动不平衡量U_A、U_B分别为：The dynamic unbalances U _A and U _B on both sides of the rigid rotor are:

$\{\begin{matrix} {U u}_{A A} = = \sqrt{{(({U u}_{x x}^{A A}))}^{22} + + {(({U u}_{y the y}^{A A}))}^{22}} \\ {U u}_{B B} = = \sqrt{{(({U u}_{x x}^{B B}))}^{22} + + {(({U u}_{y the y}^{B B}))}^{22}} \end{matrix}$

其中，

分别表示A面x、y轴的动不平衡量，

分别表示B面x、y轴的动不平衡量；in,

Respectively represent the dynamic unbalance of the x-axis and y-axis of the A surface,

Respectively represent the dynamic unbalance of the x-axis and y-axis of the B surface;

${{{U u}_{x x}^{A A} = = Σ Σ {m m}_{i i}^{A A} {r r}_{i i} cos cos {β β}_{i i}$

${U u}_{y the y}^{A A} = = Σ Σ {m m}_{i i}^{A A} {r r}_{i i} sin sin {β β}_{i i}$

$\{\begin{matrix} {U u}_{x x}^{B B} = = Σ Σ {m m}_{i i}^{B B} {r r}_{i i} cos cos {β β}_{i i} \\ {U u}_{y the y}^{B B} = = Σ Σ {m m}_{i i}^{B B} {r r}_{i i} sin sin {β β}_{i i} \end{matrix}$

其中，m_i为各单元的质量、r_i为各单元质心到轴线的距离，sinβ_i、cosβ_i分别表示各单元质心对x轴和y轴的正弦、余弦值；Among them, m _i is the mass of each unit, r _i is the distance from the centroid of each unit to the axis, sinβ _i and cosβ _i represent the sine and cosine values of the centroid of each unit to the x-axis and y-axis respectively;

步骤4：获取刚性转子的动平衡结果：将获取到的动不平衡量和转子的许用动不平衡量相比较，从而判断出转子是否符合要求。Step 4: Obtain the dynamic balance result of the rigid rotor: compare the obtained dynamic unbalance with the allowable dynamic unbalance of the rotor to determine whether the rotor meets the requirements.

本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1．将转子分解成有限个单元，每个单元都可看做是一个点，其质量特性的准确度大大提高，从而计算的动不平衡量的精度也大大提高。1. The rotor is decomposed into a finite number of units, each unit can be regarded as a point, the accuracy of its quality characteristics is greatly improved, and the accuracy of the calculated dynamic unbalance is also greatly improved.

2．本发明节约成本，缩短转子设计开发时间，从而提高企业的经济效应。2. The invention saves cost, shortens the design and development time of the rotor, thereby improving the economic effect of the enterprise.

3．本发明的刚性转子动平衡的获取方法，能有效的减少机器震动，从而延长机器使用寿命、提高工作效率、操作更加安全。3. The method for obtaining the dynamic balance of the rigid rotor of the present invention can effectively reduce the vibration of the machine, thereby prolonging the service life of the machine, improving the working efficiency and making the operation safer.

附图说明Description of drawings

下面结合附图和具体实施方式来详细说明本发明：Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment:

图1是本发明转子零件的单元体结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the unit body structure of the rotor part of the present invention.

图2是本发明刚性转子动平衡的获取方法的流程图。Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the method for obtaining the dynamic balance of the rigid rotor in the present invention.

图3是本发明质量特性数据的一个例子。Fig. 3 is an example of quality characteristic data of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为了使本发明的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体图示，进一步阐述本发明。In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific illustrations.

如图2所示，为本发明刚性转子动平衡的获取方法的流程图。本发明的具体步骤如下：As shown in FIG. 2 , it is a flow chart of the method for obtaining dynamic balance of a rigid rotor in the present invention. Concrete steps of the present invention are as follows:

步骤1：将转子划分为网格单元，分解成有限个单元实体。可以用HyPermesh软件划分，也可以用ICEMCFD、GAMBIT、Truegrid等软件进行划分，通过软件接口导入曲轴的实体模型，经过几何清理导入的畸形点以及修补部分曲面，然后进行网格划分，网格单元采用Solid20单元。Step 1: Divide the rotor into grid units and decompose into a finite number of unit entities. It can be divided by HyPermesh software, or can be divided by ICEMCFD, GAMBIT, Truegrid and other software. The solid model of the crankshaft is imported through the software interface, and the deformed points imported after geometry cleaning and part of the surface are repaired, and then the grid is divided. The grid unit adopts Solid20 unit.

步骤2：提取各网格单元的质量特性数据。用ansys、UG、GAMBIT、Truegrid等有限元分析软件提取。Step 2: Extract the mass characteristic data of each grid unit. Extract with finite element analysis software such as ansys, UG, GAMBIT, Truegrid.

所述质量特性数据主要指：单元体积、质心X坐标、质心Y坐标、质心Z坐标。The quality characteristic data mainly refers to: unit volume, centroid X coordinate, centroid Y coordinate, centroid Z coordinate.

图3是质量特性数据的一个例子。Fig. 3 is an example of mass characteristic data.

步骤3：利用第二步所提取的质量特性数据，获取转子动不平衡量。Step 3: Use the quality characteristic data extracted in the second step to obtain the dynamic unbalance of the rotor.

由于转子的各部分的转速相同，则通过杠杆原理有：Since the rotating speed of each part of the rotor is the same, then through the principle of leverage:

$\{\begin{matrix} {m m}_{A A} {r r}_{A A} + + {m m}_{B B} {r r}_{B B} = = mr mr \\ {m m}_{B B} {r r}_{B B} b b = = {m m}_{A A} {r r}_{A A} a a \\ L L = = a a + + b b \end{matrix}$

整理得：Organized:

$\{\begin{matrix} {m m}_{A A} {r r}_{A A} = = mrb mrb / / L L \\ {m m}_{B B} {r r}_{B B} = = mra mra / / L L \end{matrix}$

其中：m为不平衡质量，A、B为两侧的基准面，m_A、m_B为A、B面上产生的不平衡质量，r_A、r_B为不平衡量向径，L为校正面的距离。Among them: m is the unbalanced mass, A and B are the reference planes on both sides, m _A and m _B are the unbalanced masses produced on the A and B planes, r _A and r _B are the unbalanced radials, and L is the correction plane distance.

将每个部分的质量分解到两校正面上，经过矢量求和，可以求得两校正平面的动不平衡量为：The mass of each part is decomposed into two correction planes, and after vector summation, the dynamic unbalance of the two correction planes can be obtained as:

$\{\begin{matrix} {U u}_{x x}^{A A} = = Σ Σ {m m}_{i i}^{A A} {r r}_{i i} cos cos {β β}_{i i} \\ {U u}_{y the y}^{A A} = = Σ Σ {m m}_{i i}^{A A} {r r}_{i i} sin sin {β β}_{i i} \end{matrix}$

其中：m_i、r_i分别表示各单元的质量、质心到轴线的距离，sinβ_i表示各单元质心对x轴的正弦值，cosβ_i表示各单元质心对y轴的余弦值，

分别表示A面x、y轴的动不平衡量，

分别表示B面x、y轴的动不平衡量。Among them: m _i and _ri represent the mass of each unit and the distance from the center of mass to the axis, _sinβi represents the sine value of the center of mass of each unit on the x-axis, _cosβi represents the cosine value of the center of mass of each unit on the y-axis,

Respectively represent the dynamic unbalance of the x and y axes of the B surface.

A、B两面的动不平衡量U_A、U_B分别为：The dynamic unbalance amounts U _A and U B on both sides of A and _B are respectively:

步骤4：获取刚性转子的动平衡结果：将获取到的动不平衡量和转子的许用动不平衡量相比较，从而判断出转子是否符合要求，许用动不平衡量在ISO1940中有具体规定。Step 4: Obtain the dynamic balance result of the rigid rotor: compare the obtained dynamic unbalance with the allowable dynamic unbalance of the rotor to determine whether the rotor meets the requirements. The allowable dynamic unbalance is specified in ISO1940.

获取到的动不平衡量大于等于转子的许用动不平衡量时，判断转子动平衡不合格。When the obtained dynamic unbalance is greater than or equal to the allowable dynamic unbalance of the rotor, it is judged that the dynamic balance of the rotor is unqualified.

获取到的动不平衡量小于转子的许用动不平衡量时，判断转子动平衡合格。When the obtained dynamic unbalance is less than the allowable dynamic unbalance of the rotor, it is judged that the dynamic balance of the rotor is qualified.

本发明的优越特点是：The superior features of the present invention are:

1.快速、准确获取高精度的转子动不平衡量，为转子设计和加工人员分析动平衡。1. Quickly and accurately obtain high-precision rotor dynamic unbalance, and analyze dynamic balance for rotor design and processing personnel.

2.本发明节约成本，缩短转子设计开发时间，从而提高企业的经济效应。2. The present invention saves cost, shortens the design and development time of the rotor, thereby improving the economic effect of the enterprise.

3.本发明的刚性转子动平衡的获取方法，能有效的减少机器震动，从而延长机器使用寿命、提高工作效率、操作更加安全。3. The method for obtaining the dynamic balance of the rigid rotor of the present invention can effectively reduce the vibration of the machine, thereby prolonging the service life of the machine, improving work efficiency, and making the operation safer.

以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等同物界定。The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and that described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrates the principles of the present invention, and the present invention also has various aspects without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Variations and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The acquisition method of rigid rotor dynamic balance is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Mesh the solid model of the rotor part and decompose it into a finite number of unit entities;

Step 2: Extract the mass characteristic data of each grid unit;

Step 3: Obtain the dynamic unbalance of the rotor;

The dynamic unbalances U _A and U _B on both sides of the rigid rotor are:

\{\begin{matrix} {U u}_{A A} = = \sqrt{{(({U u}_{x x}^{A A}))}^{22} + + {(({U u}_{y the y}^{A A}))}^{22}} \\ {U u}_{B B} = = \sqrt{{(({U u}_{x x}^{B B}))}^{22} + + {(({U u}_{y the y}^{B B}))}^{22}} \end{matrix}

in,

\{\begin{matrix} {U u}_{x x}^{A A} = = Σ Σ {m m}_{i i}^{A A} {r r}_{i i} cos cos {β β}_{i i} \\ {U u}_{y the y}^{A A} = = Σ Σ {m m}_{i i}^{A A} {r r}_{i i} sin sin {β β}_{i i} \end{matrix}

\{\begin{matrix} {U u}_{x x}^{B B} = = Σ Σ {m m}_{i i}^{B B} {r r}_{i i} cos cos {β β}_{i i} \\ {U u}_{y the y}^{B B} = = Σ Σ {m m}_{i i}^{B B} {r r}_{i i} sin sin {β β}_{i i} \end{matrix}

Among them, m _i is the mass of each unit, r _i is the distance from the centroid of each unit to the axis, sinβ _i and cosβ _i represent the sine and cosine values of the centroid of each unit to the x-axis and y-axis respectively;

Step 4: Obtain the dynamic balance result of the rigid rotor: compare the obtained dynamic unbalance with the allowable dynamic unbalance of the rotor to determine whether the rotor meets the requirements.