CN103762425A - A Dual Frequency Dual Circular Polarization Co-Aperture Antenna Array for Two-Dimensional Phased Scanning - Google Patents

A Dual Frequency Dual Circular Polarization Co-Aperture Antenna Array for Two-Dimensional Phased Scanning Download PDF

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CN103762425A
CN103762425A CN201310538063.8A CN201310538063A CN103762425A CN 103762425 A CN103762425 A CN 103762425A CN 201310538063 A CN201310538063 A CN 201310538063A CN 103762425 A CN103762425 A CN 103762425A
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韩琳
熊伟
董涛
王昕�
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Space Star Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种用于二维相控扫描的双频双圆极化共口径天线阵，覆盖Ka频段和Ku频段。在两个频段的交叠部分，天线阵列的基本组成单元是8个Ka频段金属辐射片围绕1个Ku频段金属辐射片；在边缘部分，Ku频段金属辐射片之间需要调整间距，形成布局紧密的阵列，能够有效降低副瓣，并抑制栅瓣；不同频段天线采用不同极化方式的金属辐射片形成双圆极化，提高了共口径天线的极化隔离度。本发明通过合理布局将Ka、Ku两个频段天线整合在同一个口径中，并采用阵列优化、极化隔离等手段将相互影响降至最小，可适用于多种要求低剖面、结构紧凑的二维相控阵天线系统中，实现大扫描角度的二维相扫。

Figure 201310538063

A dual-frequency dual-circular polarization common-aperture antenna array for two-dimensional phased scanning, covering Ka-band and Ku-band. In the overlapping part of the two frequency bands, the basic unit of the antenna array is 8 Ka-band metal radiators surrounding a Ku-band metal radiator; in the edge part, the distance between the Ku-band metal radiators needs to be adjusted to form a tight layout The array can effectively reduce side lobes and suppress grating lobes; different frequency band antennas use metal radiators with different polarization methods to form dual circular polarization, which improves the polarization isolation of common aperture antennas. The invention integrates Ka and Ku frequency band antennas into the same caliber through reasonable layout, and minimizes mutual influence by means of array optimization, polarization isolation, etc. In the three-dimensional phased array antenna system, two-dimensional phase scanning with a large scanning angle is realized.

Figure 201310538063

Description

一种用于二维相控扫描的双频双圆极化共口径天线阵A Dual Frequency Dual Circular Polarization Co-Aperture Antenna Array for Two-Dimensional Phased Scanning

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种用于二维相控扫描的双频双圆极化共口径天线阵，属于天线技术领域。The invention relates to a dual-frequency dual-circular polarization common-aperture antenna array for two-dimensional phase-controlled scanning, which belongs to the technical field of antennas.

背景技术Background technique

为解决二维相控阵天线系统中对于低剖面、结构紧凑和大扫描角度的要求，共口径天线阵成为一种趋势。当前国内外广泛采用的共口径天线，并没有专门针对二维相控阵天线进行设计，而大多数共口径天线采用波导缝隙天线或者层叠结构实现共口径，并且极化形式均为线极化。In order to meet the requirements of low profile, compact structure and large scanning angle in the two-dimensional phased array antenna system, the common-aperture antenna array has become a trend. The common-aperture antennas widely used at home and abroad are not specifically designed for two-dimensional phased array antennas, but most of the common-aperture antennas use waveguide slot antennas or stacked structures to achieve common aperture, and the polarization forms are linear polarization.

专利双频段双极化共口径天线（CN201120122507.6）、共口径变波束宽度波导裂缝阵天线（CN201210011667.2）、一种平板波导缝隙阵列天线（CN201020695361.X）所涉及到的共口径天线均为波导缝隙天线，极化形式为线极化。L/S/X三波段双极化平面天线阵（CN201010275940.3）和S/X双波段双极化共用口径微带振子与介质谐振器阵列天线（CN200910198240.6）中的共口径天线没有涉及到更高频率，并且采用多层板层叠结构。一种双频宽带波纹喇叭馈源天线（CN201110198475.2）所涉及的天线为波纹喇叭天线。The patented dual-band dual-polarization common-aperture antenna (CN201120122507.6), the common-aperture variable-beamwidth waveguide slot array antenna (CN201210011667.2), and the common-aperture antenna involved in a planar waveguide slot array antenna (CN201020695361.X) are all It is a waveguide slot antenna, and the polarization form is linear polarization. The common-aperture antenna in the L/S/X three-band dual-polarization planar antenna array (CN201010275940.3) and the S/X dual-band dual-polarization shared aperture microstrip vibrator and dielectric resonator array antenna (CN200910198240.6) is not involved to higher frequencies, and adopts a multi-layer laminated structure. A dual-band broadband corrugated horn feed antenna (CN201110198475.2) involves a corrugated horn antenna.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是：克服现有技术的不足，提供一种低剖面、结构紧凑、双频段、双圆极化、适于大扫描角度的共口径天线，可用于多种二维相控阵天线系统。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a low-profile, compact, dual-band, dual-circularly polarized, common-aperture antenna suitable for large scanning angles, which can be used for a variety of two-dimensional phased array antennas system.

本发明的技术解决方案是：Technical solution of the present invention is:

一种用于二维相控扫描的双频双圆极化共口径天线阵，包括：微波介质基片、Ka频段金属辐射片、Ku频段金属辐射片和接插件；A dual-frequency dual-circular polarization common-aperture antenna array for two-dimensional phased scanning, comprising: a microwave dielectric substrate, a Ka-band metal radiator, a Ku-band metal radiator, and a connector;

所述天线阵覆盖Ka频段和Ku频段，Ka频段金属辐射片和Ku频段金属辐射片分布在微波介质基片上，在中部区域为两个频段的交叠部分，在边缘部分为均布的Ku频段金属辐射片，在两个频段的交叠部分，天线阵列的基本组成单元包括个Ka频段金属辐射片和个Ku频段金属辐射片，该个Ka频段金属辐射片分布呈正方形，围绕中心的个Ku频段金属辐射片；每个Ka频段金属辐射片和Ku频段金属辐射片下面均通过接插件穿透微波介质基片连接一个射频组件，形成瓦片式二维相控阵天线。The antenna array covers the Ka frequency band and the Ku frequency band, and the Ka frequency band metal radiator and the Ku frequency band metal radiator are distributed on the microwave dielectric substrate, the overlapping part of the two frequency bands in the middle area, and the evenly distributed Ku frequency band in the edge part Metal radiators, in the overlapping part of the two frequency bands, the basic components of the antenna array include a Ka-band metal radiator and a Ku-band metal radiator. The Ka-band metal radiators are distributed in a square shape, and a Ku-band surrounds the center. Frequency-band metal radiators; the bottom of each Ka-band metal radiator and Ku-band metal radiator is connected to a radio frequency component through a connector through a microwave dielectric substrate to form a tile-type two-dimensional phased array antenna.

所述Ka频段金属辐射片和Ku频段金属辐射片均为正方形。Both the Ka-band metal radiator and the Ku-band metal radiator are square.

两个相邻的Ka频段金属辐射片之间的间距不大于0.5倍的Ka频段波长，The distance between two adjacent Ka-band metal radiators is not more than 0.5 times the Ka-band wavelength,

边缘部分两个相邻的Ku频段金属辐射片之间的间距不大于0.43倍Ku频段波长。The distance between two adjacent Ku-band metal radiators at the edge part is not greater than 0.43 times the Ku-band wavelength.

本发明与现有技术相比的优点在于：The advantage of the present invention compared with prior art is:

（1）本发明通过合理布局将Ka、Ku两个频段天线整合在同一个口径中，并采用阵列优化、极化隔离等手段将相互影响降至最小，可适用于多种要求低剖面、结构紧凑的二维相控阵天线系统中，实现大扫描角度的二维相扫。(1) The present invention integrates Ka and Ku frequency band antennas into the same caliber through reasonable layout, and uses array optimization, polarization isolation and other means to minimize mutual influence, and is applicable to a variety of low-profile and structural requirements In a compact two-dimensional phased array antenna system, two-dimensional phase scanning with a large scanning angle is realized.

（2）通过对天线边缘进行合理布局，能够有效降低副瓣、并抑制栅瓣，尤其是在大扫描角度的情况下；(2) Through reasonable layout of the antenna edge, side lobes can be effectively reduced and grating lobes can be suppressed, especially in the case of large scanning angles;

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的天线阵列基本组成单元俯视图；Fig. 1 is a top view of the basic constituent elements of the antenna array of the present invention;

图2为本发明的天线阵列俯视图；Fig. 2 is a top view of the antenna array of the present invention;

图3为本发明天线阵列侧视图。Fig. 3 is a side view of the antenna array of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

本发明提供了一种用于二维相控扫描的双频双圆极化共口径天线阵，通过合理布局将Ka、Ku两个频段天线整合在同一个口径中，并采用阵列优化、极化隔离等手段将相互影响降至最小，可适用于多种要求低剖面、结构紧凑的二维相控阵天线系统中，实现大扫描角度的二维相扫。The invention provides a dual-frequency dual-circular polarization common-aperture antenna array for two-dimensional phase-controlled scanning. The Ka and Ku frequency band antennas are integrated into the same aperture through a reasonable layout, and array optimization, polarization Isolation and other means minimize the mutual influence, and can be applied to a variety of two-dimensional phased array antenna systems that require low profile and compact structure, and realize two-dimensional phase scanning with a large scanning angle.

如图2、图3所示，包括：微波介质基片1、Ka频段金属辐射片2、Ku频段金属辐射片3和接插件4；Ka频段金属辐射片2和Ku频段金属辐射片3均为正方形。As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, it includes: microwave dielectric substrate 1, Ka-band metal radiator 2, Ku-band metal radiator 3 and connector 4; Ka-band metal radiator 2 and Ku-band metal radiator 3 are both square.

微波介质基片1是一层双面敷铜微波介质板，介质板上表面通过腐蚀工艺形成所需天线阵列，下表面直接接触地板。天线覆盖的两个频率分别是Ka频段和Ku频段。The microwave dielectric substrate 1 is a double-sided copper-clad microwave dielectric board. The upper surface of the dielectric board is etched to form a required antenna array, and the lower surface directly contacts the floor. The two frequencies covered by the antenna are the Ka band and the Ku band.

所述天线阵覆盖Ka频段和Ku频段，Ka频段金属辐射片2和Ku频段金属辐射片3分布在微波介质基片1上，在中部区域为两个频段的交叠部分，在边缘部分为均布的Ku频段金属辐射片3，在两个频段的交叠部分，如图1所示，天线阵列的基本组成单元包括8个Ka频段金属辐射片2和1个Ku频段金属辐射片3，该8个Ka频段金属辐射片2分布呈正方形，围绕中心的1个Ku频段金属辐射片3，相当于9个Ka频段金属辐射片组成3*3阵列，之后将中间的一个辐射片换成Ku频段金属辐射片；每个Ka频段金属辐射片2和Ku频段金属辐射片3下面均通过接插件4穿透微波介质基片1连接一个射频组件，形成瓦片式二维相控阵天线。The antenna array covers the Ka frequency band and the Ku frequency band, and the Ka frequency band metal radiation sheet 2 and the Ku frequency band metal radiation sheet 3 are distributed on the microwave dielectric substrate 1, which is the overlapping part of the two frequency bands in the middle area and uniform in the edge part. The Ku-band metal radiator 3 distributed in the overlapping part of the two frequency bands, as shown in Figure 1, the basic components of the antenna array include 8 Ka-band metal radiators 2 and 1 Ku-band metal radiator 3, the Eight Ka-band metal radiators 2 are distributed in a square shape, and a Ku-band metal radiator 3 surrounds the center, which is equivalent to 9 Ka-band metal radiators forming a 3*3 array, and then the middle radiator is replaced with a Ku-band Metal radiation sheet; the bottom of each Ka-band metal radiation sheet 2 and Ku-band metal radiation sheet 3 penetrates through the microwave dielectric substrate 1 through a connector 4 and is connected to a radio frequency component to form a tile-type two-dimensional phased array antenna.

两个相邻的Ka频段金属辐射片2之间的间距不大于0.5倍的Ka频段波长，边缘部分两个相邻的Ku频段金属辐射片（3）之间的间距不大于0.43倍Ku频段波长，形成布局紧密的阵列，能够有效降低副瓣，并抑制栅瓣。The distance between two adjacent Ka-band metal radiators 2 is not greater than 0.5 times the Ka-band wavelength, and the distance between two adjacent Ku-band metal radiators (3) at the edge is not greater than 0.43 times the Ku-band wavelength , forming a dense array, which can effectively reduce side lobes and suppress grating lobes.

不同频段天线采用不同极化方式的金属辐射片形成双圆极化，提高了共口径天线的极化隔离度。Different frequency band antennas adopt metal radiators with different polarization modes to form dual circular polarization, which improves the polarization isolation of the common-aperture antenna.

本发明未详细阐述的部分属于本领域公知技术。The parts not described in detail in the present invention belong to the well-known technology in the art.

Claims (4)

1.一种用于二维相控扫描的双频双圆极化共口径天线阵，其特征在于包括：微波介质基片（1）、Ka频段金属辐射片（2）、Ku频段金属辐射片（3）和接插件（4）；1. A dual-frequency dual-circular polarization co-aperture antenna array for two-dimensional phased scanning, characterized in that it includes: a microwave dielectric substrate (1), a Ka-band metal radiator (2), and a Ku-band metal radiator (3) and connector (4); 所述天线阵覆盖Ka频段和Ku频段，Ka频段金属辐射片（2）和Ku频段金属辐射片（3）分布在微波介质基片（1）上，在中部区域为两个频段的交叠部分，在边缘部分为均布的Ku频段金属辐射片（3），在两个频段的交叠部分，天线阵列的基本组成单元包括8个Ka频段金属辐射片（2）和1个Ku频段金属辐射片（3），该8个Ka频段金属辐射片（2）分布呈正方形，围绕中心的1个Ku频段金属辐射片（3）；每个Ka频段金属辐射片（2）和Ku频段金属辐射片（3）下面均通过接插件（4）穿透微波介质基片（1）连接一个射频组件，形成瓦片式二维相控阵天线。The antenna array covers the Ka frequency band and the Ku frequency band, and the Ka frequency band metal radiator (2) and the Ku frequency band metal radiator (3) are distributed on the microwave dielectric substrate (1), and the middle area is the overlapping part of the two frequency bands , in the edge part is uniformly distributed Ku-band metal radiator (3), in the overlapping part of the two frequency bands, the basic components of the antenna array include 8 Ka-band metal radiators (2) and 1 Ku-band metal radiator (3), the 8 Ka-band metal radiators (2) are distributed in a square, surrounding a Ku-band metal radiator (3) in the center; each Ka-band metal radiator (2) and Ku-band metal radiator (3) All of the following are connected to a radio frequency component through the connector (4) penetrating the microwave dielectric substrate (1) to form a tile-type two-dimensional phased array antenna. 2.根据权利要求1所述的天线阵，其特征在于：所述Ka频段金属辐射片（2）和Ku频段金属辐射片（3）均为正方形。2. The antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that: the Ka-band metal radiator (2) and the Ku-band metal radiator (3) are both square. 3.根据权利要求1或2所述的天线阵，其特征在于：两个相邻的Ka频段金属辐射片（2）之间的间距不大于0.5倍的Ka频段波长，3. The antenna array according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the distance between two adjacent Ka-band metal radiators (2) is not greater than 0.5 times the Ka-band wavelength, 4.根据权利要求1或2所述的天线阵，其特征在于：边缘部分两个相邻的Ku频段金属辐射片（3）之间的间距不大于0.43倍Ku频段波长。4. The antenna array according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the distance between two adjacent Ku-band metal radiators (3) at the edge part is not greater than 0.43 times the Ku-band wavelength.
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