CN103772637B - 一种太阳能热水器水箱保温材料 - Google Patents

一种太阳能热水器水箱保温材料 Download PDF

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CN103772637B
CN103772637B CN201310749320.2A CN201310749320A CN103772637B CN 103772637 B CN103772637 B CN 103772637B CN 201310749320 A CN201310749320 A CN 201310749320A CN 103772637 B CN103772637 B CN 103772637B
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李益忠
梁志坚
甘卫平
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Shandong And Yangxin Energy Polytron Technologies Inc
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Abstract

本发明一种太阳能热水器水箱保温材料，采用将异氰酸酯和聚合物多元醇等混合好的材料浇注进太阳能热水器水箱保温材料层中的生成硬质聚氨酯泡沫的方法，制作过程简单易行，降低了生产成本，保证了整个保温层的完整封闭性，能够减少热量散失；同时，通过在材料同添加玻璃纤维，有效的解决了聚氨酯材料的尺寸变形问题；另外，抗老化剂和无机阻燃剂的加入极大地提升了材料的使用寿命和安全性能。

Description

一种太阳能热水器水箱保温材料
技术领域
本发明涉及聚氨酯保温材料领域，尤其是一种太阳能热水器水箱的硬质聚氨酯泡沫保温材料。
背景技术
随着当前世界能源和环境问题日趋严峻，世界各国都在努力开发清洁环保可持续的再生能源。太能能作为一种取之不尽用之不竭的清洁能源越来越受到人们中重视，其中，尤其以太阳能热水器应用最为广泛。对于太阳能热水器，水箱的保温材料的保温性能好坏直接影响到热水器的使用性能。目前，已有的太阳能热水器水箱保温材料有以下几种：
一种新保温材料制作的太阳能热水器蓄水箱，申请公告号为CN132175317A，该蓄水箱采用橡塑复合材料、ETFE膜材料以及玻璃纤维布来制作内胆保温层，其内胆结构复杂，保温层有多层不同材料组成，安装不方便。
一种太阳能水箱聚氨酯硬泡沫无机防火保温材料，申请公告号为CN103319679A，该保温材料中加入氢氧化镁、玻璃纤维和膨胀珍珠粉等材料，材料制备过程复杂，增加了生产成本，同时由于水箱要在冷热环境中反复工作，温差较大，循环反复的冷热作用导致材料易老化失效。
一种太阳能聚氨酯保温材料，申请公告号为CN102229697A，该聚氨酯保温材料具有较好的尺寸稳定性，生产工艺也比较简单，但是材料中没有添加阻燃剂，由于其原料均为有机物，在夏季阳光的强烈照射或者发生意外情况时，有可能会发生火灾。
综上所述，现有的太阳能热水器水箱保温材料主要存在保温层结构复杂，不便于安装，材料制备复杂，生产成本高，材料易老化失效以及阻燃效果不好等诸多缺点。
发明内容
本发明提供一种太阳能热水器水箱保温材料，其导热性能低，保温效果好，制成的保温层结构简单，便于安装，材料的制备方法简便，同时材料在冷热交替的环境中工作不易老化失效，并且具有较好的防火阻燃性能。
本发明一种太阳能热水器水箱保温材料，主要由A组分和B组分两部分按照1:1.3至1:2的质量配比混合生成，所述的A组分由异氰酸酯，催化剂，阻燃剂和起泡剂混合物构成，所述的B组分由聚合物多元醇，玻璃纤维，抗老化剂和去离子水构成，其中A组分中各成分质量百分比为：异氰酸酯45%-60%，催化剂2%-5%，阻燃剂25%-45%，起泡剂10%-20%；B组分中各成分质量百分比为：聚合物多元醇70%-90%，玻璃纤维1%-5%，抗老化剂5%-15%，去离子水2%-10%。所述的聚合物多元醇为聚醚多元醇或者聚酯多元醇，主要选自丙二醇聚醚、三羟甲基丙烷聚醚、聚四氢呋喃多元醇、聚氧化乙烯多元醇、聚氧化丁烯多元醇中的一种或多种混合物。所述的阻燃剂为无机阻燃剂，其主要成分为氢氧化镁或者氢氧化铝，并且其中加入一定成分的红磷作为阻燃增效剂，以提升阻燃防火效果。所述的玻璃纤维为玻璃纤维原丝通过切割和研磨之后的得到的直径在4-8微米之间，长度在3-5毫米之间的超细玻璃纤维。所述的一种太阳能热水器水箱保温材料制备和使用方法为：
(1)首先制备A，B两种组分，将异氰酸酯，催化剂，阻燃剂和起泡剂按照权利要求(1)中各组分的质量配比进行取样并混合均匀制作成A组分，将聚合物多元醇，玻璃纤维，抗老化剂和去离子水按照权利要求(1)的质量配比进行取样并混合均匀制作成B组分，A、B两组分单独进行储存；
(2)制作聚氨酯泡沫保温材料时将A、B两组分按照权利要求(1)中A，B两组分的质量配比取样加入到料灌中进行高速搅拌，使各两组分充分混合均匀；
(3)将热水器水箱除保温层以外的其他部件装配好，中间形成保温层空腔，然后将步骤(2)中混合均匀的材料浇注到太阳能热水器水箱保温层的空腔中，待材料发泡、熟化之后即得到聚氨酯保温层。
本发明一种太阳能热水器水箱保温材料，采用将材料混合好浇注进太阳能热水器水箱保温材料层中的制作方法，简单易行，降低了生产成本，保证了整个保温层的完整封闭性，能够减少热量散失；同时，通过在材料中添加玻璃纤维，有效的解决了聚氨酯材料的尺寸变形问题；另外，抗老化剂和无机阻燃剂的加入极大地提升了材料的使用寿命和安全性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例详细说明一种太阳能热水器水箱保温材料的具体实施方式，但本发明的具体实施方式不局限于下述的实施例。
实施例1：
将45份异氰酸酯，2份催化剂，35份阻燃剂和18份起泡剂混合均匀，制成A组分；将80份聚合物多元醇，5份玻璃纤维，10份抗老化剂和5份去离子水混合均匀，制成B组分；将1份A组分和1.5份B组分加入到料罐中，高速搅拌15分钟，充分混合均匀；将混合均匀的材料浇注到太阳能热水器水箱保温层的空腔中，待材料发泡、熟化之后即得到聚氨酯保温层。
实施例2：
将50份异氰酸酯，5份催化剂，25份阻燃剂和20份起泡剂混合均匀，制成A组分；将85份聚合物多元醇，5份玻璃纤维，5份抗老化剂和5份去离子水混合均匀，制成B组分；将1份A组分和1.6份B组分加入到料罐中，高速搅拌15分钟，充分混合均匀；将混合均匀的材料浇注到太阳能热水器水箱保温层的空腔中，待材料发泡、熟化之后即得到聚氨酯保温层。
实施例3：
将55份异氰酸酯，5份催化剂，25份阻燃剂和15份起泡剂混合均匀，制成A组分；将90份聚合物多元醇，2份催化剂，5份抗老化剂和3份去离子水混合均匀，制成B组分；将1份A组分和1.8份B组分加入到料罐中，高速搅拌15分钟，充分混合均匀；将混合均匀的材料浇注到太阳能热水器水箱保温层的空腔中，待材料发泡、熟化之后即得到聚氨酯保温层。
经检测，实施例1-3的太阳能热水器水箱保温层材料的主要物理性能如表1所述：
表1太阳能热水器水箱保温层材料的主要物理性能参数

Claims (4)

1.一种太阳能热水器水箱保温材料，其特征在于：所述的太阳能热水器水箱保温材料主要由A组分和B组分两部分按照1:1.3至1:2的质量配比混合生成，所述的A组分由异氰酸酯，催化剂，阻燃剂和起泡剂混合物构成，所述的B组分由聚合物多元醇，玻璃纤维，抗老化剂和去离子水构成，其中A组分中各成分质量百分比为：异氰酸酯45％-60％，催化剂2％-5％，阻燃剂25％-35％，起泡剂10％-20％；B组分中各成分质量百分比为：聚合物多元醇70％-90％，玻璃纤维1％-5％，抗老化剂5％-15％，去离子水2％-10％；
所述的阻燃剂为无机阻燃剂，其主要成分为氢氧化镁或者氢氧化铝，并且其中加入一定成分的红磷作为阻燃增效剂，以提升阻燃防火效果。
2.根据权利要求1中的一种太阳能热水器水箱保温材料，其特征在于：所述的聚合物多元醇为聚醚多元醇或者聚酯多元醇，选自丙二醇聚醚、三羟甲基丙烷聚醚、聚四氢呋喃多元醇、聚氧化乙烯多元醇、聚氧化丁烯多元醇中的一种或多种混合物。
3.根据权利要求1中的一种太阳能热水器水箱保温材料，其特征在于：所述的玻璃纤维为玻璃纤维原丝通过切割和研磨之后的得到的直径在4-8微米之间，长度在3-5毫米之间的超细玻璃纤维。
4.根据权利要求1中的一种太阳能热水器水箱保温材料，其特征在于：所述的一种太阳能热水器水箱保温材料制备和使用方法为：
(1)首先制备A，B两种组分，将异氰酸酯，催化剂，阻燃剂和起泡剂按照权利要求1中各组分的质量配比进行取样并混合均匀制作成A组分，将聚合物多元醇，玻璃纤维，抗老化剂和去离子水按照权利要求1的质量配比进行取样并混合均匀制作成B组分，A、B两组分单独进行储存；
(2)制作聚氨酯泡沫保温材料时将A、B两组分按照权利要求1中A，B两组分的质量配比取样加入到料灌中进行高速搅拌，使两组分充分混合均匀；
(3)将热水器水箱除保温层以外的其他部件装配好，中间形成保温层空腔，然后将步骤(2)中混合均匀的材料浇注到太阳能热水器水箱保温层的空腔中，待材料发泡、熟化之后即得到聚氨酯保温层。
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