CN103804364A - 一类治疗缺血性脑损伤的化合物及其用途 - Google Patents
一类治疗缺血性脑损伤的化合物及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一类化合物及其药物组合物和新用途,所述新用途为治疗缺血性脑损伤的药物中的用途。上述化合物治疗缺血性脑损伤的作用效果非常显著。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一类治疗缺血性脑损伤的化合物及其可药用盐和其类似物,由上述化合物及其可药用盐和其类似物制备的药物组合物,以及所述化合物或其可药用盐及其类似物在制备治疗缺血性脑损伤的药物中的用途。
背景技术
缺血性脑损伤是临床上的常见病,该病的特点是产生原因较多,临床应用的药物也很多,但是大多数药物发挥的治疗效果比较微弱,所以亟需一种非常有效地治疗缺血性脑损伤的药物。
缺血性脑损伤在我国的发病率、致残率和死亡率很高,因脑部缺血以及缺氧所致的脑组织细胞缺血缺氧坏死,是严重危害人类健康的主要疾病之一。缺血性脑损伤是一个及其复杂的病理生理过程。目前,临床常用的治疗缺血性脑损伤的药物,例如抗血小板药物、抗凝药物、溶栓药物、降纤药物以及一些中药疗法等效果欠佳,往往不能及时起效,即使起效,效果也不好,造成病患不可逆的残疾,行成终身遗憾。
本发明人意外地发现一组化合物及其类似化合物或其可药用盐在制备治疗缺血性脑损伤的药物上有意想不到的效果,目前对于这一类化合物治疗缺血性脑损伤尚无报道。
发明内容
本发明提供了一组化合物及其类似化合物或其可药用盐在制备治疗缺血性脑损伤的药物中的新用途。
本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明提供了一组可以治疗缺血性脑损伤疾病的化合物或其可药用盐,及其类似物,所述化合物的结构如下:
化合物(A);
化合物(B);
化合物(C);
化合物(D);
化合物(E);
式(I)化合物及其类似物或其可药用盐可以制备成经局部给药,胃肠道给药或是非胃肠道给药的各种制剂。所述制剂包括普通制剂、控释制剂、靶向制剂等。所述的局部给药制剂为经过头部给药的粉针剂、水针剂、微球制剂、纳米制剂、脂质体制剂、树枝状高分子制剂、聚乙二醇修饰制剂、水凝胶制剂等。所述的非胃肠道给药制剂为适宜静脉注射、肌肉注射、皮下注射、骨髓注射、透皮给药、粘膜给药以及吸入给药的剂型。
本发明人研究发现:此类化合物可极大地缓解缺血性脑损伤状,从药效学实验的结果看,此类化合物的治疗效果超出目前临床应用的药物。此新适应症的开发将为对未来缺血性脑损伤患者的恢复起到很大的作用。对于解除病患痛苦,缓解这一类疾病的症状,提高患者和其家人的生命质量,促进社会和谐意义深远。
具体实施方式
本发明所用的式(I)化合物可以商购,也可以根据公开的制备方法进行制备,其并不限制本发明的保护范围。
药物制备实施例
化合物(A);
化合物(B);
化合物(C);
化合物(D);
化合物(E);
含化合物A冻干粉针剂的制备:
①取甘露醇、磷脂、甘油、环糊精衍生物、二甲基亚砜和泊洛沙姆共100mg和20mg式(A)化合物在注射用水中混合并使之溶解;
②混匀溶解后待稳定后先用0.45um微孔滤膜粗滤,再用0.2um微孔滤膜过滤;
③分装入小西林瓶,加入其他冻干保护剂和辅料;
④进行程序性冻干;
⑤进行热原、无菌、可见异物、不溶性微粒等相应检查,均符合要求后待用。含化合物B冻干粉针剂的制备:
⑥取甘露醇、磷脂、甘油、环糊精衍生物、二甲基亚砜和泊洛沙姆共100mg和1000mg式(B)化合物在注射用水中混合并使之溶解;
⑦混匀溶解后待稳定后先用0.45um微孔滤膜粗滤,再用0.2um微孔滤膜过滤;
⑧分装入小西林瓶,加入其他冻干保护剂和辅料;
⑨进行程序性冻干;
⑩进行热原、无菌、可见异物、不溶性微粒等相应检查,均符合要求后待用。
含化合物C冻干粉针剂的制备:
①取甘露醇、磷脂、甘油、环糊精衍生物、二甲基亚砜和泊洛沙姆共100mg和50mg式(C)化合物在注射用水中混合并使之溶解;
②混匀溶解后待稳定后先用0.45um微孔滤膜粗滤,再用0.2um微孔滤膜过滤;
③分装入小西林瓶,加入其他冻干保护剂和辅料;
④进行程序性冻干;
⑤进行热原、无菌、可见异物、不溶性微粒等相应检查,均符合要求后待用。
含化合物D冻干粉针剂的制备:
①取甘露醇、磷脂、甘油、环糊精衍生物、二甲基亚砜和泊洛沙姆共100mg和80mg式(D)化合物在注射用水中混合并使之溶解;
②混匀溶解后待稳定后先用0.45um微孔滤膜粗滤,再用0.2um微孔滤膜过滤;
③分装入小西林瓶,加入其他冻干保护剂和辅料;
④进行程序性冻干;
⑤进行热原、无菌、可见异物、不溶性微粒等相应检查,均符合要求后待用。
含化合物E冻干粉针剂的制备:
①取甘露醇、磷脂、甘油、环糊精衍生物、二甲基亚砜和泊洛沙姆共100mg和500mg式(E)化合物在注射用水中混合并使之溶解;
②混匀溶解后待稳定后先用0.45um微孔滤膜粗滤,再用0.2um微孔滤膜过滤;
③分装入小西林瓶,加入其他冻干保护剂和辅料;
④进行程序性冻干;
⑤进行热原、无菌、可见异物、不溶性微粒等相应检查,均符合要求后待用。
效果实施例:
1、药物A-E对大鼠脑缺血的保护作用
1.1实验动物及分组
Wistar雄性大鼠,体重250-300g,动物饲养于有昼夜节律的动物房,环境温度控制在20℃左右,湿度55%左右,大鼠可自由进食和饮水。在动物房适应3天后,大鼠随机分组,分为假手术组(做手术但是不造模)、模型组(造模但是不进行治疗)、药物(A-E)注射剂组和阳性药尼莫地平组。实验给药周期为一周,其中注射剂制剂组予以静脉给药0.5mg冻干针剂/kg,对照组给予等量的生理盐水,在实验的第1、4、7天进行给药。
1.2动物模型的建立
动物于末次给药后1小时用3%戊巴比妥钠以30mg/kg的剂量腹腔注射麻醉,股动脉插管记录血压,股静脉插管用于再灌,塑料管从外颈静脉插入右心房供放血用。连续记录心电图(EEG),用抽血的方法放血,失血达到10.7pKa(80mmHg)时分离双侧颈总动脉并结扎,再继续抽血,当血压下降到6.7pKa(50mmHg)时,EEG的波幅很低,但未消失,此时即造成不完全性脑缺血模型,维持15分钟。假手术组只做手术,不结扎双侧颈总动脉。
1.3动物实验参数的测定
1.3.1脑含水量测定
15分钟后每组取10只动物,开颅取脑,去除嗅脑、脑干、小脑后称脑湿重,然后放入烤箱中烤至恒重,称干重,计算脑含水量。
脑含水量根据下式计算:
脑含水量=(脑湿重-脑干重)/脑湿重×100%
1.3.2行为学评分观察
动物术后苏醒后,每组另取10只动物,进行行为学状态评分,评分标准为无行为学功能缺失症状0分;提大鼠尾见瘫痪侧前肢回收屈曲不能正常伸向地面1分;向一侧推时感阻力较对侧明显降低2分;大鼠爬行时向一侧旋转3分;伴有意识障碍4分。
1.3.3脑组织坏死体积测定
于术后随机取10只大鼠,麻醉后断头取脑,去掉嗅球、小脑和低位脑干,剩下的部分立即冠状切成5片,置于2%的TTC溶液中染色,坏死区为苍白色,正常为红色。用图像分析系统测出各层的坏死面积,总面积之和乘以层厚即为体积(mm3)。
1.4统计学分析
各组大鼠观察所得数据以均数±标准差(x±s)来表示。组间进行t检验。
1.5实验结果
1.5.1药物对大鼠脑含水量的影响
结果见表1:假手术组脑含水量为75.1%,而模型组脑含水量为83.8%。两组比较差异显著,说明此次实验所做的模型能够引起脑组织的明显水肿。与模型组比较药物A-E组有明显减轻脑水肿作用(p<0.01);且药物组A-E的治疗效果均强于尼莫地平组(p<0.05)。
表1不同给药组对大鼠脑含水量的影响(n=10)
与对照组比较###P<0.05,与模型组比较*P<0.05**P<0.01
1.5.2行为学评分观察结果
结果见表2
表2不同给药组对大鼠行为学的影响(n=10)
与模型组比较*P<0.05**P<0.01
1.5.3脑组织坏死体积测定结果
结果见表3。
表3不同给药组对脑组织坏死体积的影响(n=10)
与模型组比较*P<0.05**P<0.01
综合上述实验结果得出结论:化合物(A),(B),(C),(D),(E)制备的药物均可以明显改善缺血性脑损伤的症状,起到非常好的治疗作用,其治疗效果明显好于临床用药。
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