CN103834412A - Ectopic passivating technology for multiple heavy metals like cadmium, lead and chromium in soil - Google Patents

Ectopic passivating technology for multiple heavy metals like cadmium, lead and chromium in soil Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103834412A
CN103834412A CN201410097947.9A CN201410097947A CN103834412A CN 103834412 A CN103834412 A CN 103834412A CN 201410097947 A CN201410097947 A CN 201410097947A CN 103834412 A CN103834412 A CN 103834412A
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soil
passivator
heavy metal
heavy
heavy metals
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徐恒
宋海海
裴东辉
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Sichuan University
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Sichuan University
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Abstract

一种用于异位钝化土壤中Cd、Pb、Cr等多种重金属的钝化剂是以生物基质(有机质+腐殖酸>55%)55%,腐殖活性污泥35%,磷酸盐(磷酸二氢钾)10%按比例混合均匀(施用比例为实验所得的最佳施用比例)。在重金属污染土壤中按15-25%的添加量施入制备好的钝化剂(具体施加量根据土壤重金属污染程度及实际情况而定)。钝化效果使被重金属污染的土壤中有效态Cd含量与对照组相比下降了41.24-47.76%,有效态Pb含量与对照组相比下降了37.41-41.39%,有效态Cr含量与对照组相比下降了40.58-43.29%。用试验土壤覆土种植的平菇子实体中各种重金属的含量分别降低了:Cd53.97%,Pb62.28%,Cr43.91%。充分说明本钝化剂对于多种重金属的钝化作用极为显著。本方法的优点在于原材料无毒无公害易获得,对土壤的理化性质不产生显著影响,不会产生二次污染;同时原料来源广泛,制备方法简单、易行,使用方便。A passivator for ectopic passivation of Cd, Pb, Cr and other heavy metals in soil is based on 55% of biological substrate (organic matter + humic acid >55%), 35% of humic activated sludge, phosphate (Potassium dihydrogen phosphate) 10% mixed evenly in proportion (the application ratio is the best application ratio obtained from the experiment). Apply the prepared passivator in the heavy metal-contaminated soil according to the addition amount of 15-25% (the specific application amount depends on the degree of heavy metal pollution in the soil and the actual situation). The passivation effect reduced the available Cd content in the soil polluted by heavy metals by 41.24-47.76% compared with the control group, the available Pb content decreased by 37.41-41.39% compared with the control group, and the available Cr content compared with the control group The ratio decreased by 40.58-43.29%. The contents of various heavy metals in the fruiting bodies of Pleurotus ostreatus planted with the test soil were respectively reduced: Cd53.97%, Pb62.28%, Cr43.91%. It fully demonstrates that the passivation agent has an extremely significant passivation effect on various heavy metals. The advantage of the method is that the raw materials are non-toxic, pollution-free and easy to obtain, have no significant impact on the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and will not cause secondary pollution; meanwhile, the raw materials have a wide range of sources, and the preparation method is simple, easy and convenient to use.

Description

The technology of the various heavy such as a kind of dystopy passivation Cadmium in Soil, lead, chromium
  
Technical field
Belong to agriculture environmental protection and recovery technique field, be specifically related to the dystopy passivating technique of the various heavy such as Cd, Pb, Cr in a kind of soil, be mainly applicable to the reparation of vast heavy-metal contaminated soil.
Background technology
Soil is one of the mankind's important natural resources of depending on for existence, is also the important component part of human ecological environment.Along with industry, the aggravation of municipal pollution and using of agriculture chemical, enter by all means soil containing the pollutent of heavy metal, cause the enrichment of corresponding heavy metal element in soil.Heavy metal contamination has the feature of disguise, chronicity and non-reversibility.Therefore, Environmental Protection in China department and government agencies at all levels have strengthened statistics and the supervision to the present situation of heavy metal content in the environment of each department, and for the different situation in each department, each stage producing in heavy metal contamination is monitored, and select to be applicable to the effective reclamation activities of this area.Heavy Metal Pollution work has become the most important thing of China environmental protection work; party and state pays much attention to heavy metal pollution problem, in " heavy metal contamination integrated control " the 12 " planning " of State Council's reply recently, explicitly points out and will about 2015, set up fairly perfect Heavy Metal Pollution system.Therefore, Heavy Metal Pollution Control technology will become the Hot Contents in heavy metal contamination field in one period from now on.
Heavy metal pollution of soil thing mainly contains lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, chromium, copper, iron, zinc etc., though arsenic does not belong to heavy metal, all similar to heavy metal to source and harm because of its behavior, discusses therefore conventionally list heavy metal class in.In recent years, China's heavy metal pollution of soil enters to be concentrated the multiple phase, the whole nation dirty irrigated area investigation of carrying out according to the Ministry of Agriculture, in the Irrigation District of Sewage of approximately 1,400,000 hectares, suffer the land area of heavy metal contamination to account for 64.8% of Irrigation District of Sewage area, wherein slight pollution account for 46.7%, intermediate pollution account for 9.7%, severe contamination account for 8.4%.China's heavy metal pollution of soil situation has had influence on even people healthy of farmland quality, food safety.
There are a lot of research inventions both at home and abroad for the restorative procedure of heavy-metal contaminated soil at present.The Chinese invention patent that for example application number is 200910194051.1 discloses a kind of modification method of heavy-metal contaminated soil, and this modification method comprises the steps: that (1) carry out whole soil to heavy-metal contaminated soil; (2) in soil, add soil improvement agent; (3) earthing, mix after, balance 0~6 month.The modification method of the heavy-metal contaminated soil of this invention suppresses matrix oxidation by reactions such as absorption, chelating, complexings, and fixing heavy metal ion also reduces its biology toxicity; Reduce heavy metal ion diffusion and the seepage of soil or water body towards periphery.Application number is that 201210107906.4 Chinese invention patent application discloses a heavy metal species ambient cure agent and used the method for heavy metal in its curing heavy metal pollutent, it is composed of the following components by weight percentage in this heavy metal ambient cure agent: magnesium oxide 30.0%~40.0%, potassium primary phosphate 55.0%~65.0%, borax 3.5%~5.0%, ferric oxide 0.1%~0.5%, silicon-dioxide 0.1%~0.5%.The ambient cure agent of this invention is cured after processing at normal temperatures to heavy metal waste, can realize utilization of waste as resource.The existing solidifying agent for heavy-metal contaminated soil processing is mainly taking phosphoric acid salt as main, the compound solidifying agent stabilising effect of phosphoric acid salt is general, the heavy metal phosphoric acid salt forming after solidifying exists with insoluble or sl. sol. compound form, and after potential of hydrogen condition changes, heavy metal ion is easily anti-molten.
Summary of the invention
Object is to provide a kind of technology of dystopy passivation heavy metal-polluted soil, with low cost, easy and simple to handle, practical, biological safety is good, can not produce secondary pollution, be easy to promote, can be for passivation heavy metal-polluted soil time, improve soil property, aspect heavy metal pollution of soil reparation, there is potential using value.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
The preparation method of dystopy passivator: this passivator is made up of bio-matrix (organic matter+humic acid >55%), humic active sludge, phosphoric acid salt, concrete proportion of composing is: bio-matrix 55% addition; Humic active sludge 35% addition; Phosphoric acid salt 10% addition.
Bio-matrix: the rape stalk after drying is ground into the long section of 2 cm with pulverizer, mixes and water permeablely, add straw decomposing inoculant, mix the circular cone buttress fermentation 25-30 days that piles bottom surface radius and ask 0.5 m thoroughly.Adjust the physicals of matrix, add perlite after a certain amount of inorganics is pulverized, slag, sand etc., the ratio of organism and inorganics in mass ratio its scope can be at 6: 4~8: 2.Matrix unit weight after mixture is 0.30 g/ cm 3~0.65 g/ cm 3.
Humic active sludge: active sludge is the organic substance that depends on of microbial population and they and the general name of inorganic substance.Microbial population mainly comprises bacterium, protozoon and algae etc.Wherein, bacterium and protozoon are two main large classes.Humus soil pellets is filled on basis in traditional active sludge, for improving activated sludge characteristics, improves its heavy metal-passivated ability.
Phosphoric acid salt: phosphatic permanent stability are better, the impact that change of external conditions produces phosphoric acid salt mineral substance is carried out passivation with phosphoric acid salt compound to heavy metal compared with minor benefit, mainly utilizes phosphoric acid salt compound to react with heavy metal and produces stable heavy metallic mineral salt; And phosphoric acid salt can effectively remove the most heavy metal ion in target product by surface adsorption mechanism and complex reaction, the present invention adopts potassium primary phosphate as one of composition of passivator.
The using method of organic/inorganic Compound Heavy Metals passivator of the present invention is:
In heavy-metal contaminated soil, apply by the addition of 15-25% the passivator (concrete applied amount is determined according to heavy metal pollution of soil degree and practical situation) preparing, then fully stir, passivator is mixed, trickle, balance 5-7 days with contaminated soil.Make this passivator by the synergy between various compositions, reach the activity that reduces heavy metal-polluted soil, can be widely used in the reparation of heavy-metal contaminated soil.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect:
1, raw material sources are extensive, and preparation method is simple, Yi Hang, easy to use.
2, the passivator starting material Nonpoisonous, non-environmental-pollution that the present invention uses, does not make a significant impact the physico-chemical property of soil, can not produce secondary pollution.
3, this soil heavy metal passivant, make the contaminated by heavy metals soil available Cd content 41.24-47.76% that declined compared with control group, the available state Pb content 37.41-41.39% that declined compared with control group, the available state Cr content 40.58-43.29% that declined compared with control group.In test soil, plant flat mushroom, grow the content of each heavy metal species in mushroom carpophore and reduced respectively: Cd 53.97%, Pb 62.28%, Cr 43.91%.This passivator is very remarkable for the passivation of various heavy.
The reduced rate of soil activation state heavy metal content of the present invention, calculated by formula " (1-uses soil activation state heavy metal content ÷ after product of the present invention and do not use the soil activation state heavy metal content of product of the present invention) × 100% ", in mushroom carpophore, the reduced rate of heavy metal content is to be calculated by formula " (1-uses heavy metal content in the mushroom carpophore that heavy metal content ÷ in the mushroom carpophore after product of the present invention do not use product of the present invention) × 100% ".
  
embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but is not limitation of the present invention, all any this areas of doing according to the disclosure of invention be equal to replacement, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
case study on implementation
Heavy metal-polluted soil passivation test:
1, heavy-metal contaminated soil is prepared, to the pure Pb (NO of top grade 3) 2, Cd (NO 3) 2, Cr (NO 3) 39H 2o is mixed with mother liquor with deionized water, adds in the agricultural land soil of taking from suburb, Chengdu common heavy-metal contaminated soil (with reference to GB15618-1995) in simulating reality environment according to different concns gradient to.Balance 6 months, waters during this time and dries 6 times, and heavy metal can be evenly distributed in soil.
2, applying of passivator:
In soil, apply by 20% addition the passivator (concrete applied amount is determined according to heavy metal pollution of soil degree and practical situation) preparing, then fully stir, passivator is mixed, trickle, balance 5-7 days with contaminated soil.
3, plantation flat mushroom
Fermented Cotton Seed Hull Compost material pack (800g, fresh weight)---(115 DEG C of autoclavings, 5 hours)---inoculation (every bag one pipe)---incubated at room temperature (treat mycelia cover with whole bacterium bag 1 month)---bacterium bag earthing (repeating 3 basins, two bags, every basin)---fruiting and gather (lasting 2 months)
4, the mensuration of data and test-results
The test soil available Cd content 41.24-47.76% that declined compared with control group, the available state Pb content 37.41-41.39% that declined compared with control group, the available state Cr content 40.58-43.29% that declined compared with control group.Growing the content of each heavy metal species in mushroom carpophore has reduced respectively: Cd 53.97%, Pb 62.28%, Cr 43.91%.This passivator is very remarkable for the passivation of various heavy.

Claims (3)

1. the passivator for various heavy such as dystopy passivation soil Cd, Pb, Cr, its feature applies by the addition of 15-25% the passivator (concrete applied amount is determined according to heavy metal pollution of soil degree and practical situation) preparing in heavy-metal contaminated soil, then fully stir, passivator is mixed with contaminated soil, trickle, balance 5-7 days, make this passivator by the synergy between various compositions, can be widely used in the reparation of heavy-metal contaminated soil.
2. be repeatedly to verify by testing the optimal application ratio obtaining according to the raw-material applicating ratio of the passivator described in claim 1, with bio-matrix (organic matter+humic acid >55%) 55%, humic active sludge 35%, phosphoric acid salt (potassium primary phosphate) 10% mixes in proportion.
3. according to the passivator described in claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterized in that: utilize bio-matrix and humic active sludge passivation heavy metal in soil.
CN201410097947.9A 2014-03-18 2014-03-18 Ectopic passivating technology for multiple heavy metals like cadmium, lead and chromium in soil Pending CN103834412A (en)

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CN104190702A (en) * 2014-09-19 2014-12-10 广西地源之本肥业有限公司 Treatment method for contaminated soil
CN105567249A (en) * 2016-02-29 2016-05-11 山西民基生态环境工程股份有限公司 Chemical repairing agent for farmland soil Cd pollution
CN106381153A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-08 江苏宏标科技有限公司 Soil passivating agent used for repairing heavy metal soil and preparation method thereof
CN106967440A (en) * 2017-04-14 2017-07-21 东南大学 Medicament and production and application method suitable for repairing Compound Heavy Metals soil
CN107418589A (en) * 2017-08-02 2017-12-01 惠安县泰达商贸有限责任公司 A kind of nutritional agents of rehabilitating soil pollution of chromium and its preparation method and application
CN107523306A (en) * 2017-08-17 2017-12-29 成都恒滋锐环保科技有限公司 Reduce the chemical inactivators of heavy metal and its application in soil
CN113416012A (en) * 2021-07-05 2021-09-21 常熟理工学院 Method for preparing curing agent by using concrete waste residues

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104190702A (en) * 2014-09-19 2014-12-10 广西地源之本肥业有限公司 Treatment method for contaminated soil
CN104190702B (en) * 2014-09-19 2016-08-17 广西地源之本肥业有限公司 A kind of processing method of contaminated soil
CN105567249A (en) * 2016-02-29 2016-05-11 山西民基生态环境工程股份有限公司 Chemical repairing agent for farmland soil Cd pollution
CN105567249B (en) * 2016-02-29 2019-03-19 山西大地民基生态环境股份有限公司 Agricultural land soil cadmium pollution chemical remediation agent
CN106381153A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-08 江苏宏标科技有限公司 Soil passivating agent used for repairing heavy metal soil and preparation method thereof
CN106967440A (en) * 2017-04-14 2017-07-21 东南大学 Medicament and production and application method suitable for repairing Compound Heavy Metals soil
CN106967440B (en) * 2017-04-14 2020-09-11 东南大学 Agents suitable for repairing composite heavy metal polluted soil and methods of production and use
CN107418589A (en) * 2017-08-02 2017-12-01 惠安县泰达商贸有限责任公司 A kind of nutritional agents of rehabilitating soil pollution of chromium and its preparation method and application
CN107523306A (en) * 2017-08-17 2017-12-29 成都恒滋锐环保科技有限公司 Reduce the chemical inactivators of heavy metal and its application in soil
CN113416012A (en) * 2021-07-05 2021-09-21 常熟理工学院 Method for preparing curing agent by using concrete waste residues
CN113416012B (en) * 2021-07-05 2022-08-26 常熟理工学院 Method for preparing curing agent by using concrete waste residues

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Application publication date: 20140604