CN104242596B - A kind of asymmetric double-flanged end permanent magnet linear synchronous motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an asymmetric bilateral permanent magnet linear synchronous motor, comprising a long stator and a short mover; the short mover includes armatures and magnetic poles arranged on a mobile platform and located on both sides of the long stator respectively, and the magnetic poles are salient poles Type structure or hidden pole structure, the armature includes the armature core and the armature winding sleeved on the armature teeth; the magnetic pole is composed of the magnetic pole core and the permanent magnet, and the long stator is composed of a plurality of magnet adjustment blocks arranged in a straight line ; The number of teeth of the armature differs from the number of magnet adjustment blocks by 1 to 2. The motor of the present invention uses the armature and the magnetic pole as one side of the short mover, which not only realizes the advantages of the magnetic flux switching structure, but also effectively avoids the disadvantages of difficulty in heat dissipation of the magnetic pole and competition between the magnetic circuit and the circuit; not only greatly reduces the The amount of permanent magnets improves the magnetic field adjustment capability and reduces the system cost.

Description

An asymmetric bilateral permanent magnet linear synchronous motor

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of synchronous motors, and in particular relates to an asymmetric bilateral permanent magnet linear synchronous motor.

Background technique

The permanent magnet linear synchronous motor has the advantages of both the permanent magnet motor and the linear motor. It converts electrical energy directly into linear motion mechanical energy without the need for intermediate linkage parts and is not affected by centrifugal force. It has the advantages of simple structure, light weight, small size, high speed and high precision. , high efficiency, large thrust and other significant advantages, it has been widely used in high-speed CNC machine tools, semiconductor processing, vertical lifting conveying systems, high-speed ground transportation systems and other fields. Bilateral structure permanent magnet linear synchronous motor can be regarded as two unilateral structure permanent magnet linear synchronous motors back to back. The synchronous motor can be significantly reduced, and there is basically no normal suction; a typical bilateral permanent magnet linear synchronous motor structure is shown in Figure 1.

The working principle of the permanent magnet linear synchronous motor is as follows: When the armature winding is fed with alternating current, the armature magnetic field is generated in the air gap. At the same time, the pole permanent magnets generate an excitation magnetic field. The armature magnetic field is synthesized with the permanent magnet excitation magnetic field to form an air gap magnetic field. When starting, the magnetic pole or the armature is dragged, and the traveling wave magnetic field of the armature and the exciting magnetic field of the permanent magnet are relatively static, so that the current in the armature winding generates electromagnetic thrust under the action of the air gap magnetic field. If the armature is fixed, the magnetic poles will be pulled in synchronously to make linear motion under the action of thrust; otherwise, the armature will be pulled in to make linear motion synchronously.

The restriction of the popularization and application of permanent magnet linear synchronous motors lies in the cost, because the overall cost is very high regardless of the structure of long armature or long magnetic poles. In order to reduce the cost, the existing method is to use the switch flux linkage permanent magnet linear synchronous motor, and place the permanent magnet on the armature. Problems: On the one hand, the permanent magnet is surrounded by coils, and the heat dissipation conditions are too poor; on the other hand, the slot area and the permanent magnet are mutually restricted, and the thrust density is limited. The armature is composed of multiple discrete components, which is difficult to process.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an asymmetric bilateral permanent magnet linear synchronous motor, which can not only make the permanent magnet and the armature independent of each other, but also reduce the amount of permanent magnet and the length of the armature. .

An asymmetric bilateral permanent magnet linear synchronous motor, including a long stator and a short mover;

The short mover includes an armature and a magnetic pole which are arranged on the mobile platform and are respectively located on both sides of the long stator, and there is a certain air gap between the two and the long stator; the armature is a tooth-shaped structure and the armature The teeth face the long stator, and the magnetic poles are salient pole structure or hidden pole structure;

The armature includes an armature core and an armature winding sleeved on the armature teeth;

If the magnetic pole has a salient pole structure, it is composed of several magnetic pole cores and several permanent magnets arranged alternately, and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnets is consistent with the moving direction of the short mover;

If the magnetic pole has a hidden pole structure, it consists of a long pole core and a number of closely arranged permanent magnets attached to the pole core and facing the long stator, and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet perpendicular to the direction of motion of the short mover;

The long stator is composed of a plurality of magnet adjustment blocks arranged in a straight line; the number of teeth of the armature is 1 to 2 different from the number of magnet adjustment blocks.

If the magnetic pole has a salient pole structure, the number of permanent magnets in the magnetic pole is equal to the number of armature teeth, and the centerline of each permanent magnet is aligned with the centerline of the corresponding armature tooth or armature slot.

If the magnetic pole has a hidden pole structure, the number of permanent magnets in the magnetic pole is twice the number of teeth of the armature, and the centerline of each armature tooth and armature slot is aligned with the centerline of the corresponding permanent magnet, or each The centerlines of the armature teeth are aligned with the centerlines between the corresponding two permanent magnets.

Regardless of whether the magnetic pole has a salient pole structure or a recessed pole structure, the permanent magnets in the magnetic poles are arranged alternately with N poles and S poles.

The long stator adopts a separate structure, that is, the gap between two adjacent magnet adjustment blocks is filled with non-magnetic conductive material to achieve fixation.

Preferably, the long stator adopts a continuous structure, that is, the adjusting magnet blocks are connected to each other by ferromagnetic bridges, and then fixed by long bolts; the processing and installation process can be simplified.

The armature winding adopts a full-tooth winding structure or a half-tooth winding structure with non-overlapping ends, that is, the number of coils in each armature slot is 1-2.

The short mover of the motor of the present invention is a double-sided asymmetric structure, one side is an armature, and the other side is a magnetic pole, both of which are fixed on the mobile platform, which can drive the mobile platform to realize linear motion, but the two are independent of each other and are respectively in the dynamic position. Different sides of the sub, not only realize the advantages of the magnetic flux switching structure, but also effectively avoid the difficulty of heat dissipation of the magnetic poles, and the shortcomings of the magnetic circuit and the circuit competing with each other; so the beneficial technical effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

(1) The asymmetric bilateral permanent magnet linear synchronous motor of the present invention uses the armature and the magnetic pole as one side of the short mover respectively, thereby not only greatly reducing the amount of permanent magnets, but also not affecting the heat dissipation conditions of the permanent magnets, and is suitable for Industrial, civil, medical and other applications that require long travel, low speed and high thrust, such as CNC machine tools, long-distance logistics conveyor lines, etc.

(2) The long stator of the present invention is only composed of magnet adjustment blocks, which is low in cost and easy to realize modularization.

(3) The structure of the armature and magnetic poles of the present invention is the same as that of the ordinary permanent magnet linear motor, and the processing is convenient and the cost is low.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a conventional bilateral permanent magnet linear synchronous motor.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the first implementation of the motor of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the motor of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third implementation of the motor of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth implementation of the motor of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth implementation of the motor of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to describe the present invention more specifically, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Embodiment one:

As shown in Figure 2, the asymmetric bilateral permanent magnet linear synchronous motor of this embodiment includes a long stator 1 and a short mover 2, and the short mover 2 includes an armature 21, a magnetic pole 22, a mobile platform 23 and a mounting bolt 24, The armature 21 includes an armature winding 211 and an armature core 212. The magnetic pole 22 includes permanent magnets 221 and pole cores 222 arranged alternately. The magnetization direction of adjacent permanent magnets is opposite, and the magnetization direction is consistent with the direction of motion. Both poles and poles 22 are fixed on the mobile platform, and both are relatively stationary, and are fixed below the mobile platform 23 by mounting bolts 24, and both sides maintain a certain air gap length with the long stator 1 . The number of short mover armature slots is the same as the number of permanent magnet poles, and the permanent magnets are aligned with the armature teeth. The difference between the number of long stator magnet pieces and the number of short mover armature slots is 1 or 2.

The long stator 1 is composed of a plurality of separate magnet adjustment blocks 11, which are placed on the entire stroke, and the middle part of the magnet adjustment blocks is filled with non-magnetic material for fixing.

This embodiment adopts the form of a short mover. The permanent magnet flux linkage on the short mover enters the armature after passing through the long stator, and intersects with the armature winding. Obviously, when the relative positions of the short mover and the long stator are different, The interlinked flux linkage in the armature winding is changing, and a nearly sinusoidal counter electromotive force is generated in the armature winding. Therefore, after the three-phase sinusoidal voltage is passed through the armature winding, a corresponding three-phase sinusoidal current will be generated, thereby Electromagnetic thrust is generated, and the thrust mover realizes linear motion.

The working principle of the asymmetric bilateral permanent magnet linear synchronous motor in this embodiment: the armature teeth are aligned with the permanent magnets in the short mover, and when the armature teeth are aligned with the long stator magnet adjustment blocks, the permanent magnet flux chain is adjusted block short circuit, the armature winding flux linkage is zero; as the mover moves, its flux linkage increases, when the middle position of the armature tooth is aligned with the edge of the magnet adjustment block, the permanent magnet flux linkage enters the armature through the adjustment magnet block, Interlink with the armature winding to reach the maximum value; the mover continues to move, and the flux linkage begins to decrease. When the armature tooth is completely moved out of the long stator magnet adjustment block, the armature tooth is just between the two magnet adjustment blocks, and the permanent magnet The flux linkage is short-circuited by the two adjusting magnet blocks, and the armature interlinkage flux linkage reaches the minimum value; then as the mover moves, the flux linkage increases in the opposite direction, and when it moves and aligns with the armature teeth, it is exactly the opposite magnetism For permanent magnets, the flux linkage of permanent magnets reaches the minimum value. Obviously, the flux linkage is positive and negative alternating, basically sinusoidal, and is a bipolar flux linkage.

Embodiment two:

Figure 3 shows a modified structure of Embodiment 1, which differs from Figure 2 in that the relative positions of the permanent magnet and the armature are different, and in this implementation structure the permanent magnet is aligned with the slot of the armature.

Embodiment three:

As shown in Figure 4, the characteristics of this embodiment are: the permanent magnet 221 in the magnetic pole 22 is attached to the magnetic pole core 222, two permanent magnets are placed under each armature tooth, closely arranged, the polarity is opposite, and the magnetization direction is vertical In the direction of motion, the magnetization directions of adjacent permanent magnets are opposite.

The working principle of the asymmetric bilateral permanent magnet linear synchronous motor in this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment. With the change of the position of the mover, the flux linkage in the armature winding is positive and negative alternately, which is basically sinusoidal and bipolar. magnetic chain.

Embodiment four:

Figure 5 shows a modified structure of Embodiment 3, which is different from Figure 4 in that the relative positions of the permanent magnet and the armature are different, and in this implementation structure the permanent magnet is aligned with the armature tooth (armature slot) .

Embodiment five:

As shown in Figure 6, this embodiment is aimed at the long stator structure, and its main difference is that the magnet adjustment blocks in the long stator adopt a continuous structure, that is, the magnet adjustment blocks are connected to each other through a ferromagnetic bridge, and then the magnet adjustment blocks The long bolts 13 in the block are used to determine and fix, the advantage is that the processing technology is simplified, and the disadvantage is that the thrust density is reduced.

The above descriptions are only preferred implementations of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned implementations. All technical solutions belonging to the principle of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, some improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. An asymmetric bilateral permanent magnet linear synchronous motor comprises a long stator and a short mover; it is characterized in that: The short mover includes an armature and a magnetic pole which are arranged on the mobile platform and are respectively located on both sides of the long stator, and there is a certain air gap between the two and the long stator; the armature is a tooth-shaped structure and the armature The teeth face the long stator, and the magnetic poles are salient pole structure or hidden pole structure; The armature includes an armature core and an armature winding sleeved on the armature teeth; If the magnetic pole has a salient pole structure, it is composed of several magnetic pole cores and several permanent magnets arranged alternately, and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnets is consistent with the moving direction of the short mover; If the magnetic pole has a hidden pole structure, it consists of a long pole core and a number of closely arranged permanent magnets attached to the pole core and facing the long stator, and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet perpendicular to the direction of motion of the short mover; The long stator is composed of a plurality of magnet adjustment blocks arranged in a straight line; the number of teeth of the armature is 1 to 2 different from the number of magnet adjustment blocks; If the magnetic pole has a hidden pole structure, the number of permanent magnets in the magnetic pole is twice the number of teeth of the armature, and the centerline of each armature tooth and armature slot is aligned with the centerline of the corresponding permanent magnet, or each The centerlines of the armature teeth are aligned with the centerlines between the corresponding two permanent magnets. 2. The asymmetric bilateral permanent magnet linear synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the magnetic poles have a salient pole structure, and the number of permanent magnets of the magnetic poles is equal to the number of teeth of the armature, and each permanent magnet The centerline of the armature aligns with the centerline of the corresponding armature tooth or armature slot. 3. The asymmetric bilateral permanent magnet linear synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: no matter whether the magnetic pole has a salient pole structure or a hidden pole structure, the permanent magnets in the magnetic poles are N poles and S poles arranged alternately . 4. The asymmetric bilateral permanent magnet linear synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the long stator adopts a separate structure, that is, the space between two adjacent magnet adjustment blocks is filled with non-magnetic material to achieve fixation . 5. The asymmetric bilateral permanent magnet linear synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the long stator adopts a continuous structure, that is, the magnet blocks are connected to each other by ferromagnetic bridges, and then the long bolts fixed. 6. The asymmetric bilateral permanent magnet linear synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the armature winding adopts a full-tooth winding structure or a half-tooth winding structure with non-overlapping ends, that is, each armature The number of coils in the slot is 1-2.