CN1045110C - 硅钙复合脱氧剂及其生产工艺 - Google Patents
硅钙复合脱氧剂及其生产工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1045110C CN1045110C CN97113363A CN97113363A CN1045110C CN 1045110 C CN1045110 C CN 1045110C CN 97113363 A CN97113363 A CN 97113363A CN 97113363 A CN97113363 A CN 97113363A CN 1045110 C CN1045110 C CN 1045110C
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- OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;silicon Chemical compound [Ca]=[Si] OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910008455 Si—Ca Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000882 Ca alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000024121 nodulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 108091006629 SLC13A2 Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014813 CaC2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004709 CaSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007630 basic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种硅钙合金产品及其生产方法。该产品的原料重量百分比为石炭砂(成份SiO2)40-52%、石灰(成分CaO)30-45%、焦炭(C)8-12%、食盐(NaCl)2-4%。上述原料混合搅拌均匀，投入感应电炉冶炼，冶炼时间为2.5小时，炉温条件为1800℃，冶炼反应完毕后即可出炉浇注锭模，冷却后破碎成产品。与现有硅钙合金工艺相比，投资小、成本低、耗能少。作为脱氧剂在炼钢中使用，钢水流动性好，结瘤事故少，并减少了污染。
Description
本发明属于冶炼领域，特别涉及一种硅钙合金产品及其生产方法。
现有的在炼钢中作为脱氧剂的硅钙合金，其主要元素为Ca(24-31％)、Si(55-65％)，在矿热炉经碳质还原剂还原二氧化硅和氧化钙制得，生产原料为硅石、石灰、焦炭、木炭和烟煤，生产方法主要是混合法、分层加料法、硅热法等。以分层加料法为例，其基本工序为：1.出完炉后将塌料部位捣下，加入新料，捣炉透气，焖烧提温(约1-2小时)；2.将石灰和焦炭混合均匀加入电极周围焖烧；3.石灰熔化后加入新料，焖烧半小时后加入硅石，破坏CaC2，从而生成硅钙合金出炉。由于硅钙合金在矿热炉内生产，投资大，且生产工序复杂，任何一个环节处理不好就会造成合金含Ca量低、渣量大、积瘤多；采用矿热炉生产硅钙合金炉龄短、电耗多，并增加了成本。
本发明的目的是针对现有的硅钙合金某些不足之处，提供一种新的硅钙脱氧剂及生产工艺。
实现本发明目的之技术方案为：该产品的组成为(重量％)：硅20-30％、钙20-40％，碳(1％，氧化钙21-23％，二氧化硅的17-19％，铝、磷、硫有害杂质不超过2.6％，余为常规不可避免的杂质。
该脱氧剂的生产工艺为：其中该脱氧剂的原料为石英砂(成份SiO2)、石灰(成份CaO)、焦炭(C)、食盐(NaCl)，所述的原料各组份重量百分比为：石英砂40-52％、石灰30-45％、焦炭8-12％、食盐2-4％。将上述比例的原料混合均匀，投入感应电炉冶炼。所述的感应电炉包括石墨坩埚、线圈、石英砂打结层和炉体，所述的石墨坩埚通过石英砂打结层固定在炉体上，所述的线圈位于炉体和石英砂打结层之间，与坩埚保持间隙。原料在炉体中冶炼时间为2.5小时，炉温条件为1800℃，其中头一个小时包括原料升温和熔化时间，当炉温达1800℃，后一个半小时为炉料充分反应及保温时间，冶炼中视炉况搅拌炉料，反应完毕后即可出炉浇注，冷却后脱模破碎成产品。
该工艺的主要原理为：SiO2、CaO及C在感应炉的高温条件下(1800℃)进行反应，其化学反应方程式为： ，其中NaCl为催化剂，可降低化学反应温度，提高反应速度。通过搅拌使物料充分混合，完成CaO和SiO2被C还原成CaSi的过程。
该产品硅Si的含量为20-30％、钙Ca的含量为20-40％，C的含量为＜1％，CaO的含量为21-23％，SiO2的含量为17-19％，Al、P、S有害杂质不超过2.6％，余为常规不可避免的杂质。
本发明具有如下优点：
1.本发明与现有硅钙合金工艺相比，投资小、成本低，且耗能少；
2.本产品作为炼钢脱氧剂使用中，钢水流动性好，结瘤事故少，并大大减少了污染；
3.本发明产品与矿热炉生产的硅钙合金相比产品质量标号稳定，不易出现粉化现象。
本发明的实施例如下：
将石英砂、石灰、还原剂、碳和催化剂按重量百分比石炭砂40-52％、石灰30-45％、焦炭8-12％、食盐2-4％的比例混合搅拌均匀，投入专用感应电炉冶炼，在炉温1800℃条件下冶炼1小时，待炉料熔化后加入第二批料，继续冶炼，并不断搅拌炉料，经1小时冶炼，第二批炉料也熔化后停止搅拌，在保持1800℃温度下冶炼半小时即可出炉浇注锭模，锭模冷却后破碎成产品。冶炼使用的感应电炉由石墨坩埚、线圈、石英砂打结层和炉体构成。坩埚通过石英砂打结层固定在炉体上，线圈位于炉体和石英砂打结层之间，与坩埚保持间隙。采用高功率石墨电极做成的坩锅相当于熔炉的感应发热体，该炉料不导磁，在感应线圈的作用下使炉温提升，在专用感应电炉冶炼的产品纯Si含量较低。冶炼的成品各组份比例为：硅20-30％、钙20-40％、碳＜1％、CaO 21-23％、SiO2 17-19％，铝、磷、硫有害杂质不超过2.6％，余为常规的不可避免的杂质。本发明的脱氧剂产品中无脱氧能力的组份可在脱氧过程中进入钢渣中，不会对钢水造成污染，且增加了钢水的流动性，钢水质量稳定。
Claims (2)
1.硅钙复合脱氧剂，其组成为(重量百分比)：硅20-30％、钙20-40％、碳＜1％、氧化钙21-23％、二氧化硅17-19％，铝、磷、硫有害杂质不超过2.6％，余为常规不可避免的杂质。
2.根据权利要求1所述的硅钙复合脱氧剂的生产工艺，其中该脱氧剂的原料为石英砂(成份SiO2)、石灰(成份CaO)、焦炭(C)、食盐(NaCl)，所述原料各组份重量百分比为：石英砂40-52％、石灰30-45％、焦炭8-12％、食盐2-4％，将上述比例的原料混合均匀，投入感应电炉冶炼；所说的感应电炉包括石墨坩埚、线圈、石英砂打结层和炉体，所述的石墨坩埚通过石英砂打结层固定在炉体上，所述的线圈位于炉体和石英砂打结层之间，与坩埚保持间隙；原料在炉体中的冶炼时间为2.5小时，炉温条件为1800℃，其中头一个小时包括原料升温和熔化时间，当炉温达到1800℃，后一个半小时为炉料充分反应及保温时间，冶炼中视炉况搅拌炉料，反应完毕后即可出炉浇注，冷却后脱模破碎成产品。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97113363A CN1045110C (zh) | 1997-07-29 | 1997-07-29 | 硅钙复合脱氧剂及其生产工艺 |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN97113363A CN1045110C (zh) | 1997-07-29 | 1997-07-29 | 硅钙复合脱氧剂及其生产工艺 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1196395A CN1196395A (zh) | 1998-10-21 |
| CN1045110C true CN1045110C (zh) | 1999-09-15 |
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| CN114015888A (zh) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-08 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | 一种中频炉镍熔炼复合扩散脱氧剂及其制备方法 |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN86108553A (zh) * | 1986-12-17 | 1987-07-22 | 江西坩埚厂 | 石墨元件感应炉 |
| CN87102657A (zh) * | 1987-04-13 | 1988-12-07 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | 工频电阻感应炉 |
| CN1127788A (zh) * | 1995-11-07 | 1996-07-31 | 四川理县理成铁合金厂 | 高钙硅铁 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN86108553A (zh) * | 1986-12-17 | 1987-07-22 | 江西坩埚厂 | 石墨元件感应炉 |
| CN87102657A (zh) * | 1987-04-13 | 1988-12-07 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | 工频电阻感应炉 |
| CN1127788A (zh) * | 1995-11-07 | 1996-07-31 | 四川理县理成铁合金厂 | 高钙硅铁 |
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| CN1196395A (zh) | 1998-10-21 |
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