CN105084792A - City garbage incinerator fly ash stabilization and resource utilization method - Google Patents

City garbage incinerator fly ash stabilization and resource utilization method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105084792A
CN105084792A CN201410200081.XA CN201410200081A CN105084792A CN 105084792 A CN105084792 A CN 105084792A CN 201410200081 A CN201410200081 A CN 201410200081A CN 105084792 A CN105084792 A CN 105084792A
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flying dust
concrete
heavy metal
fly ash
mortar
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CN201410200081.XA
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闵建华
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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Abstract

The invention provides a city garbage incinerator fly ash stabilization and a resource utilization method. The method is characterized in that after combined actions of hydration, carbonation and sulfuration are carried out for stabilizing heavy metal elements in the fly ash, sand in concrete or mortar whose mass ratio is 5-25% is replaced by the fly ash for preparing concrete building blocks or masonry mortar.

Description

A kind of method of stabilizing fly ash of municipal incinerator and recycling
Technical field
The invention belongs to Solid Waste Treatment and Resources and utilize technical field, particularly relate to the method that urban solid garbage incinerator stabilizing fly ash Treatment and recovery utilizes.
Background technology
Along with the extensive popularization of domestic city solid refuse burning electricity generation technology, the flying dust amount that incinerator produces increases day by day.And the toxic heavy metal such as mercury, cadmium, lead of this flying dust not only enriched, and be enriched a large amount of dioxins materials, thus expressly provided danger wastes by national standard (GB18485-2001), must stabilization treatment be carried out before ultimate disposal.
The domestic stabilization treatment research for flying dust has been the focus of field of Environment Protection research, and in the stabilization treatment of flying dust, the main method adopted has: melting and solidification, cement solidification, chemically stable and effective extraction that is sour and other solvent heavy metal.Cement solidification is the domestic method generally adopted, but the quality of the flying dust after solidifying by this method and volume all obviously increase, thus has increased the weight of the burden of refuse landfill.Furnace cured is by waste residue meltings such as flying dusts more than 1200 DEG C, and after cooling, quenching obtains character and originally totally different glass state material.Ash melting can reduce volume, reduces shared landfill place; Dioxins is decomposed destruction; Heavy metal substance volatilizees or is fused in vitreum, then the possibility melted out reduces greatly.But the investment of this method is large, energy consumption is high, melting facility operations and operational management more complicated.Effective extraction of acid and other solvent heavy metal is applicable to the larger occasion of heavy metal concentration, and in flying dust, the content of heavy metal is about 2%.Due to the main harm thing that heavy metal is in flying ash of garbage cremator, the various chemical agent stabilization technology carried out for heavy metal in flying dust comes into one's own day by day.Especially chemical agent stabilization have compared with other stabilization method that technique is simple, energy consumption is low, increase-volume than the advantage such as little, moderate cost is even cheap, be all considered to a developing direction of stabilizing fly ash at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention proposes a kind of chemical stabilization and the method for recycling urban solid garbage incinerator flying dust for above-mentioned existing Shortcomings.It is characterized in that: flying dust is after heavy metal element is wherein stablized in the acting in conjunction of aquation, carbonating and sulfuration, and the sand substituting certain proportion (mass ratio is 5% ~ 30%) in concrete or mortar makes concrete or masonry mortar.
For the chemical reagent of stable flying dust and the quality proportioning of flying dust as follows:
Bicarbonate of ammonia: flying dust=0.01 ~ 0.2
Ammonium sulfide: flying dust=0.005 ~ 0.02
Its concrete steps are as follows:
1) aquation: the oxyhydroxide of iron, nickel, manganese and chromium is water-fast insoluble compound.Thus, first flying dust adds water suspension aquation, changes the heavy metal oxides such as iron, nickel, manganese, chromium in flying dust into water-fast oxyhydroxide, reduces the consumption of subsequent compound with this.
2) carbonating: add bicarbonate of ammonia and carry out carbonating in the flying dust after aquation, the heavy metal elements such as lead, cadmium, zinc, barium, silver and manganese free in flying dust change water-fast carbonate compound into, ammonium ion flying dust hydrated product execute alkali condition under just change gaseous ammonia into and volatilize, there is no residuals completely.
3) sulfuration: heavy metal exists mainly with the form of sulfide greatly at occurring in nature, as greenockite, zink sulphide, lead glance etc., character is highly stable, by natural geochemical process, be difficult to dissociation, the metal that refine or discharge wherein must lean on the artificial smelting means such as electrolysis.Therefore, it is extremely faint for utilizing the heavy metal in ammonium sulfide process flying dust to become metallic sulfide to the impact that environment produces.All be converted into water-fast sulfide after heavy metal element in flying dust and ammonium sulfide react and stablized.Last object of adding ammonium sulfide is selected to be to avoid the non-heavy metal class substance reaction in the sulfonium ion of negative divalence in ammonium sulfide and flying dust to increase the consumption of ammonium sulfide in the present invention.
4) substitute a certain proportion of sand in concrete or mortar through the flying dust of overstabilization and make concrete or masonry mortar.
Through above-mentioned " aquation-bicarbonate of ammonia carbonating-ammonium sulfide sulfuration " stabilization and cement immobilization process, heavy metal in urban solid garbage incinerator flying dust and harmful ion by physics sealing, to substitute or the form such as absorption is solidified in hydrated cementitious product structure, make the heavy metal in flying dust become more stable, reach can safe utilization degree and realize changing waste into resources.
Due to the pozzolanic properties that flying dust self has, urban solid garbage incinerator flying dust is made concrete or masonry mortar as building mixing material by the present invention, not only can the physical strength of Concrete Structure or mortar, and its every Leaching Indexs measure all meets national standard.Thus solve a process difficult problem for flying ash of garbage cremator up hill and dale, accomplishing to turn waste into wealth, is the breakthrough to urban solid garbage incinerator flying dust processing and utilizing.
Embodiment:
Application example one:
1, the flying ash of garbage cremator of collection is preserved (anti-moisture absorption hardens) by the mode storing cement;
2, the flying dust getting 1.2kg substitutes the sand of respective quality in concrete, and flying dust is placed in concrete mixer, adds the water of 6.6kg, stirs 10min;
3, add the bicarbonate of ammonia of 0.012kg, stir after 2 minutes, add the ammonium sulfide solution that 0.024kg concentration is 25 percent, then stir 5min;
4, according to C20 concrete quality proportioning, be uniformly mixed to above-mentioned solution interpolation 10.0kg cement (P.O32.5), 40.8kg stone, 23.8kg sand.
5, make the test block of 150mm × 150mm × 150mm, the demoulding after diel also gets the physical size (being accurate to 0.1mm) of test block with dipstick metering;
6, maintenance after 28 days in a humidity environment, then measure the physical size of test block, and be calculated as follows the shrinking percentage of test block.
(test block size-test block size of 28 days of 24 hours)/test block 24 hours size × 100%
Result shows that flying dust substitutes the concrete test block made of sand 24 hours and after maintenance in 28 days after demoulding that mass ratio in concrete is 5%, the highly stable ungauged regions phenomenon of its test block size.
By finding the test of its mechanical property, the flying dust of interpolation does not only affect concrete ultimate compression strength, and can also increase concrete ultimate compression strength.
Concrete test block containing flying dust is broken into the disintegrating slag that particle diameter is less than 5mm, finds its heavy metal content after carrying out Hazardous wastes leaching characteristic identification also well below " Hazardous wastes judging standard leaching characteristic identification " (GB5085.3-1996) limit value.
Application example two:
1, the flying ash of garbage cremator of collection is preserved (anti-moisture absorption hardens) by the mode storing cement;
2, the flying dust getting 19.5kg is placed in concrete mixer, adds the water of 56.0kg, stirs 10min;
3, add the bicarbonate of ammonia of 1.95kg, after stirring 2min, add the ammonium sulfide solution that 0.78kg concentration is 25 percent, then stir 5min;
4, be uniformly mixed according to C30 concrete quality proportioning interpolation 100.0kg cement (P.C32.5), 305.0kg stone, 163.0kg sand.
5, make the test block of 150mm × 150mm × 150mm, the demoulding after diel also gets the physical size (being accurate to 0.1mm) of test block with dipstick metering;
6, maintenance after 28 days in a humidity environment, then measure the physical size of test block, and calculate the shrinking percentage of test block.
Result shows that flying dust substitutes the concrete test block made of sand 24 hours and after maintenance in 28 days after demoulding that mass ratio in concrete is 10%, and its test block size is highly stable, ungauged regions phenomenon.
By finding the test of its mechanical property, the flying dust of interpolation does not only affect concrete ultimate compression strength, and can also increase concrete ultimate compression strength.
Concrete test block containing flying dust is broken into the disintegrating slag that particle diameter is less than 5mm, finds its heavy metal content after carrying out Hazardous wastes leaching characteristic identification also well below " Hazardous wastes judging standard leaching characteristic identification " (GB5085.3-1996) limit value.
Application example three:
1, the flying ash of garbage cremator of collection is preserved (anti-moisture absorption hardens) by the mode storing cement;
2, the flying dust getting 3.05kg is placed in concrete mixer, adds the water of 4.5kg, stirs 10min;
3, add the bicarbonate of ammonia of 0.61kg, after stirring 2min, add the ammonium sulfide solution that 0.244kg concentration is 25 percent, then stir 5min;
4, be uniformly mixed according to C50 concrete quality proportioning interpolation 10kg cement (P.O42.5R), 26.1kg stone, 9.15kg sand.
5, make the test block of 150mm × 150mm × 150mm, the demoulding after diel also gets the physical size (being accurate to 0.1mm) of test block with dipstick metering;
6, maintenance after 28 days in a humidity environment, then measure the physical size of test block, and calculate the shrinking percentage of test block.
Result shows that flying dust substitutes the concrete test block made of sand 24 hours and after maintenance in 28 days after demoulding that mass ratio in concrete is 25%, the highly stable ungauged regions phenomenon of its test block size.
By finding the test of its mechanical property, the flying dust of interpolation does not only affect concrete ultimate compression strength, and can also increase concrete ultimate compression strength.
Concrete test block containing flying dust is broken into the disintegrating slag that particle diameter is less than 5mm, finds its heavy metal content after carrying out Hazardous wastes leaching characteristic identification also well below " Hazardous wastes judging standard leaching characteristic identification " (GB5085.3-1996) limit value.
Application example four
1, the flying ash of garbage cremator of collection is preserved (anti-moisture absorption hardens) by the mode storing cement;
2, the flying dust getting 2.85kg substitutes the sand of respective quality in mortar, and flying dust is placed in mortar mixer, adds the water of 10.0kg, stirs 10min;
3, add the bicarbonate of ammonia of 0.0285kg, stir after 2 minutes, add the ammonium sulfide solution that 0.056kg concentration is 25 percent, then stir 5min;
4, according to the quality proportioning of mortar grade M5, add 10.0kg cement (P.O32.5) to above-mentioned solution and be uniformly mixed with 54.15kg river sand.
5, make the test block of 70.5mm × 70.5mm × 70.5mm, the demoulding after diel also gets the physical size (being accurate to 0.1mm) of test block with dipstick metering;
6, maintenance after 28 days in a humidity environment, then measure the physical size of test block, and calculate the shrinking percentage of test block.
Result shows that flying dust substitutes the mortar specimen made of sand 24 hours and after maintenance in 28 days after demoulding that mass ratio in mortar is 5%, and its test block size is highly stable, ungauged regions phenomenon.
By finding the test of its mechanical property, the flying dust of interpolation does not only affect the ultimate compression strength of mortar, and can also increase the ultimate compression strength of mortar.
Mortar specimen containing flying dust is broken into the disintegrating slag that particle diameter is less than 5mm, finds its heavy metal content after carrying out Hazardous wastes leaching characteristic identification also well below " Hazardous wastes judging standard leaching characteristic identification " (GB5085.3-1996) limit value.

Claims (2)

1. the method for a stabilizing fly ash of municipal incinerator and recycling, it is characterized in that: flying dust after heavy metal element is wherein stablized in the acting in conjunction of aquation, carbonating and sulfuration, substitute mass ratio in concrete or mortar be 5% ~ 25% sand make concrete segment or masonry mortar.
2. the method for stabilizing fly ash of municipal incinerator according to claim 1 and recycling, it is characterized in that flying ash of garbage cremator is stablized and the step of recycling is: first flying dust adds water suspension aquation, changes the heavy metal oxides such as iron, nickel, manganese, chromium in flying dust into water-fast oxyhydroxide; Then in the flying dust after aquation, add bicarbonate of ammonia and carry out carbonating; Then in flying dust, add ammonium sulfide stablize heavy metal element in flying dust, finally with the flying dust after stabilization substitute mass ratio in concrete or mortar be 5% ~ 25% sand make concrete segment or masonry mortar.
CN201410200081.XA 2014-05-13 2014-05-13 City garbage incinerator fly ash stabilization and resource utilization method Pending CN105084792A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107606624A (en) * 2017-10-25 2018-01-19 常州大学 Suppress the method for Cr (III) oxidations in a kind of leather-making mud burning process
CN111018415A (en) * 2019-11-29 2020-04-17 谭纪林 Concrete produced by using fly ash obtained by burning and curing industrial waste residues and wastes to replace natural sand and preparation method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107606624A (en) * 2017-10-25 2018-01-19 常州大学 Suppress the method for Cr (III) oxidations in a kind of leather-making mud burning process
CN111018415A (en) * 2019-11-29 2020-04-17 谭纪林 Concrete produced by using fly ash obtained by burning and curing industrial waste residues and wastes to replace natural sand and preparation method thereof

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