CN1052276A - 多层吹塑成型机的型坯头 - Google Patents

多层吹塑成型机的型坯头 Download PDF

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CN1052276A
CN1052276A CN90108628A CN90108628A CN1052276A CN 1052276 A CN1052276 A CN 1052276A CN 90108628 A CN90108628 A CN 90108628A CN 90108628 A CN90108628 A CN 90108628A CN 1052276 A CN1052276 A CN 1052276A
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feed
layer
parison
slit
molding machine
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川畑浩太郎
佐藤一幸
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IHI Corp
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Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/335—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/335—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles
    • B29C48/336—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles the components merging one by one down streams in the die
    • B29C48/3366—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles the components merging one by one down streams in the die using a die with concentric parts, e.g. rings, cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/335—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles
    • B29C48/337—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles the components merging at a common location
    • B29C48/338—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles the components merging at a common location using a die with concentric parts, e.g. rings, cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/49—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using two or more extruders to feed one die or nozzle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/9258—Velocity
    • B29C2948/926—Flow or feed rate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92609—Dimensions
    • B29C2948/92647—Thickness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/92904—Die; Nozzle zone

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

在将狭缝与头体中的多层环形集料管相连通的 通道中，至少一条流动性最高的进料所流过的通道内 配置有一个料阀，以便在进料的挤压力作用下开启所 述通道。

Description

本发明涉及多层吹塑成型机的型坯头。
首先，结合图1和图2对传统多层吹塑成型机的型坯头进行说明。
在附图中，标号2表示一个头体;标号2表示头体中心的芯杆，它可由气缸3驱使垂直运动;标号4表示芯杆2底部的锥形心轴;标号5表示装在头体2底部上、与心轴4一起界定一锥形环状狭缝6的塑模;标号7-11表示与芯杆2同心的分层环形集料管;标号12-16表示将集料管7-11与狭缝6相连通的锥形环状通道;标号17-21表示在集料管7-11上端的进料供给口;标号22-24表示用于将熔化的树脂之类的进料25-27分别供给料口17和21，18和20及19的进料挤压机;标号28-32表示利用压射气缸33-37分别挤压集料管7-11中的进料25-27，使其通过狭缝6流到外面的环形柱塞;标号38表示从狭缝6挤压出的五层圆筒形型坯。
标号39和40表示一对塑模，它们可产生彼此朝着和背离的水平运动，以便通过对型坯38进行模压和切割以及对其切割部分进行压配合而产生象容器那样的制品;标号41表示用于切割在左、右塑模39、40的配合面之间的型坯38以便与切割部分压配合的夹断刃。
为了把进料模压成型坯38，气缸3产生伸缩动作以便使芯杆垂直运动，从而调节心轴4和塑模5之间环状狭缝6的缝隙。
接着，用挤压机22-24根据不同的用途把超高分子聚乙烯、粘性聚乙稀以及尼龙之类的不同进料供给对应的集料管7和11、8和10以及9。
集料管7-11此后以从距芯杆2最近的集料管到距芯杆最远的集料管的顺序，即从内到外的顺序分别称作第1层到第5层集料管。供给第1和第5层集料管7和11的超高分子聚乙烯必须与供给第3层集料管9的尼龙相连接;但实际上这是不可能的。因此，把粘性聚乙烯供给第2和第4层集料管8和10以使所述超高分子聚乙烯与所述尼龙粘连起来。
最后，压射气缸33-37分别伸出，使环形柱塞28-32向下运动以便挤压蓄集在集料管7-11中的进料25-27，使其通过通道12-16挤出狭缝6，从而形成五层的圆筒形型坯38。
这样形成的型坯38借助头体1下的一对塑模39和40，通过对型坯38的模压和切割以及在切割部分处第1层材料25之间的压配合，最后加工成容器之类的制品。
但是传统型多层吹塑成型机的上述型坯头存在下述问题。
由于在集料管7-11下端处的通道12-16总是开启着，所以当进料25-27供给集料管7-11时，部分进料可能会从集料管7-11流出，流到通道12-16和狭缝6中。（进料的流动性越高，它们流出的也越多。在上述例子中，尼龙就具有最高的流动性）。这样流出的进料25-27在集料管7-11中的进料25-27被挤出狭缝6时，有可能造成从集料管7-11中流出的进料25-27的流动出现紊流。例如，如图2所示，第3层进料27有可能多处冲断第7层进料25，向内流入型坯38，从而无法由型坯38制出调节良好的五层结构。
这种无法由型坯38制出调节良好的五层结构，有可能造成第3层进料27多处侵入型坯38，干扰了由塑模39和40模压和切割的型坯38的第一层进料25的压配合，从而导致制品的压配合部分撕裂。
因此，本发明的主要目的是提供一种可以形成具有调节良好的层面的型坯的多层吹塑成型机的型坯头。
本发明的研制方向是提供一种供多层吹塑成型机使用的型坯头，它包括：一个头体、一根在所述头体中的芯杆、一根在芯杆下端并与头体一起界定一挤压进料的狭缝的心轴、在头体中且与所述芯杆同心的多层环形集料管和多条将集料管下端与所述狭缝相连的环状通道，改进之处在于：型坯头包括在具有最高流动性的进料流过的所述通道中的至少一条通道中根据进料的压力有选择地开启和关闭所述通道的环状阀装置。
当进料供给集料管时，至少流动性最高的进料所流过的通道由该阀门关闭着，防止了进料流出所述通道进入到狭缝中。
一旦挤压完进料后，进料的挤压力会使阀门开启，从而使进料从通道挤出流入到狭缝中。
在下文中，结合附图对本发明实施例进行描述，其中：
图1是传统吹塑成型机的部分剖视侧面图;
图2是示出图1所示成型机下方的一对塑模的侧视图;
图3是本发明一个最佳实施例中通道的狭缝之间连通关系的截面放大图。
图4是图3所示阀体的变更型的截面图;
图5是本发明另一实施例类似于图3的截面图;
图6是本发明又一实施例类似于图3的载面图;
图7是用于图6的弹性体的透视图。
图3示出了本发明一个实施例中相应通道12-16和狭缝6之间的连通关系。
其他一些部分基本上是与图2所示传统吹塑成型机的部分一样的，这些部分的标号取图1中的标号。
在用于第3层进料且把集料管9与狭缝6相连通的通道14的中部形成有一环状阀门室42。在阀室42中通道14通向集料管9的开口处形成有一阀座43。一个可以开启和关闭阀座43的环状阀体44容纳在阀室42中。一个波状弹簧46装放在阀室42中的阀体44和台阶45之间，它朝关闭阀座43的方向顶压着阀体44。这样就提供了一个通过进料27的挤压压力可以开启通道14的料阀47。
另一个或多个料阀47也可以配置在通道12、13、15和16中的任何通道中即通道12-16都可以有相应的料阀47。
挤压型坯38以制出制品的过程与图1所示的一样。
当供给进料25-27时，通道14中部的料阀47的阀体44已由波状弹簧46压靠在阀座43上，关闭着第3层集料管9中的通道14，从而防止了供给第3层集料管9的高流动性进料27流出通道14进入狭缝6中。
当挤压进料25-27时，在第3层集料管9中，由环形柱塞30导致的进料27的挤压力会使料阀47的阀体44克服波形弹簧46的弹力从阀座43移开。这样，料阀47被打开，具有最高流动性的进料27通过阀门室42挤入狭缝6中。
在这种方法中，料阀47是设置在通道14的中部，它可以由进料27的压力操动，有选择地开启和关闭通道14。因此，当供给进料25-27时，防止了具有最高流动性的进料27部分流出集料管9通过通道14流入狭缝6中。这样，防止了在挤压进料25-27时，由流入狭缝6中的任何进料27在进料25-27的料流中造成的任何紊流，从而可以将型坯38最后加工成调节良好的五层结构。
因而，当头体1下方的一对塑模39和40完成对型坯38的切割和对切割部分的压配合时，就防止了不良的压配合，否则这种不良的压配合有可能因第3层进料27在第1层进料25的压配合部分中多处侵入型坯这种干扰现象而出现。
图4示出图3所示阀体44的变更型，它是通过用开口环或热套环之类的环箍57使半环55和56合并的方式形成的。
这样，阀体44可以是单个部件或者是部件的合并体。
图5示出本发明的另一个实施例，它具有与上述实施例基本一样的结构布置，不同之处在于采用了波形弹簧形式的阀体48。此实施例可以提供和上述实施例同样的效能。
图6和图7示出本发明又一实施例，它具有与上述图3中实施例基本一样的结构布置，不同之处在于采用弹性构件54代替波形弹簧46。弹性构件54包括多根在环形板49内、外缘上沿周边间隔排列并向下伸出的弹性支脚50和51，弹性支脚50和51的下端分别与环圈52和53相连接。此实施例可以提供与上述实施例同样的效能。
应该理解到，根据本发明的多层吹塑成型机的型坯头并不局限于上述实施例，在不脱离本发明的实质精神条件下可以作出种种变更。例如，料阀可以设计成任何的结构形式;准备由吹塑成型机模压的型坯的层数可以取适当的数目;可以在所有通道中配置料阀。
从前面的描述可以清楚地看出，本发明供多层吹塑成型机用的型坯头具有以下的特征、效能和优点：
（1）在数个通道中，至少一条具有最高流动性的进料所通过的通道配置有一个料阀，以便根据进料的压力有选择地开启和关闭所述的通道，从而当供给进料时，可以防止部分进料通过通道流入狭缝中。
（2）因防止了具有最高流动性的进料在进料供给时部分地流入狭缝中，所以相应防止了否则在进料供给时可能因进料流出所造成的进料紊流，从而可以形成具有调节良好的层面的多层型坯。

Claims (1)

1、一种供多层吹塑成型机用的型坯头，它包括：一个头体，在所述头体中的一根芯杆，一根在芯杆下端并与头体一起界定一用于挤压进料的狭缝的心轴，在头体中且与所述芯杆同心的多层环形集料管和多条将集料管下端与所述狭缝相连的环状通道，其特征在于：它包括在具有最高流动性的进料流过的所述通道的至少一条中根据进料的压力有选择地开启和关闭所述通道的环状阀装置。
CN90108628A 1989-11-28 1990-10-22 多层吹塑成型机的型坯头 Pending CN1052276A (zh)

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JP137824/89 1989-11-28
JP1989137824U JPH0632339Y2 (ja) 1989-11-28 1989-11-28 多層ブロー成形機におけるパリソンヘッド

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JP3907186B2 (ja) * 2002-07-30 2007-04-18 株式会社吉野工業所 ブロー成形容器とその成形方法
JP6333638B2 (ja) * 2014-06-23 2018-05-30 株式会社タハラ 成形機

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EP0430596A1 (en) 1991-06-05
JPH0374908U (zh) 1991-07-26
KR910009414A (ko) 1991-06-28

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