CN105572987A - 液晶显示器以及用于使液晶显示器显示图象的驱动方法 - Google Patents

液晶显示器以及用于使液晶显示器显示图象的驱动方法 Download PDF

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CN105572987A
CN105572987A CN201510973449.0A CN201510973449A CN105572987A CN 105572987 A CN105572987 A CN 105572987A CN 201510973449 A CN201510973449 A CN 201510973449A CN 105572987 A CN105572987 A CN 105572987A
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liquid crystal
layer
crystal display
electrochromic
display
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朱江
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TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201510973449.0A priority Critical patent/CN105572987A/zh
Priority to US14/906,297 priority patent/US10403227B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/070597 priority patent/WO2017107254A1/zh
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Abstract

本发明公开一种液晶显示器,其主要包括一上基板，一下基板,一背光模块,还包括一电致变色电极层,一电致变色层,一公共电极层,一液晶层,一像素电极层,一薄膜晶体管(TFT)开关层,以及一存贮电容层。让液晶显示器的子像素在不同时间内依次呈现红色，绿色和蓝色三基色以提高液晶显示器的显示分辨率。另外,由于ECD的反射率和对比度较佳，可提升图像的显示效果。

Description

液晶显示器以及用于使液晶显示器显示图象的驱动方法
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，特别是涉及一种液晶显示器及其驱动方法。
背景技术
液晶显示器对于分辨率的要求愈来愈高,各显示器厂家亦不断提出新技术来提高显示器的分辨率。传统液晶显示器的像素由红色，绿色和蓝色三基色组成，通过空间混色的原理，由三基色混合成需要的各种颜色。因此，对于某种分辨率的液晶显示器来说，实际需要使用三倍数量的子像素点。因此，实际的分辨率只有子像素数量的三分之一。
电致变色显示技术的基本原理，是利用一些有机材料在电解过程中发生氧化-还原反应，导致其对环境光中不同波长色光的反射及吸收特性发生变化，从而产生可逆性颜色改变的电致变色现象。因电致变色现象是由电量而引起变化之现象，亦即，为了使电致变色材料的色调或色彩改变，必须将某氧化还原反应所需要的电荷量赋予到发色电极。电致变色器件(electrochromicdevices，ECD)具有视角宽，驱动电压低，无功耗记忆等独特特点，因此有着广泛的应用前景。
如果能让液晶显示器的子像素在不同时间内依次呈现红色、绿色和蓝色三基色，应用时间混色的原理，那么，具有如此特性的液晶显示器的显示分辨率便能提高至三倍。
因此，本发明系有鉴于上述课题而完成者，其目的在提供一种新型的液晶显示器及其显示驱动方法以达到提高显示器的显示分辨率。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种新型液晶显示器,其主要由TFT基板，液晶盒,电致变色器件(electrochromicdevices，ECD)以及背光模块组成，通过在不同时间内给电致变色器件不同的驱动电压，让液晶显示器的子像素在不同时间内依次呈现红色，绿色和蓝色三基色以提高液晶显示器的显示分辨率。另外,由于电致变色器件的反射率和对比度较佳，可提升图像的显示效果。
为达上述发明目的，根据本发明的一实施例提供一种液晶显示器,所述液晶显示器包括一种液晶显示面板与一背光模块；所述液晶显示面板包括一上基板与一下基板,在所述上基板和下基板之间,设置包括一电致变色电极层设置于所述上基板的下方；一电致变色层设置于所述电致变色电极的下方；一公共电极层设置于所述电致变色层的下方；一液晶层,其包含液晶分子,设置于所述电致变色层的下方；一像素电极层,设置于所述液晶层的下方,并设置于所述背光模块的上方；一薄膜晶体管(TFT)开关层；以及一存贮电容层,其中所述TFT开关层以及所述存贮电容层设置于所述下基板与所述公共电极层之间。
根据本发明的实施例中,电致变色层可包括一或两种电致变色材料。
根据本发明的实施例中,电致变色层可包括阴极和阳极的电致变色材料。
根据本发明的实施例中,电致变色电极层(阳极)与公共电极层(阴极)之间形成一电致变色器件,在施加一电压后形成控制电致变色材料着色的电场。
根据本发明的实施例中,TFT开关层和存贮电容层皆与所述像素电极层连接。
根据本发明的实施例中,背光模块的背光源是发光二极管(LED),冷阴极萤光灯管(CCFL),有机电致发光器件(OLED),发光电化学池(LEC)之其中一者。
依据本发明的另一实施例,本发明还提供一种用于使液晶显示器显示图象的驱动方法，包括接收一帧图像的数据信号，在一帧图像的时间间隔内,依次驱动所述液晶显示器中电致变色器件以使得每一帧图像对应的红绿蓝数据信号依次显示于上述液晶显示器上；其中通过施加对应红、绿、蓝颜色的控制电压于所述电致变色器件以驱动所述液晶显示器的所述电致变色器件。
根据本发明的实施例的驱动方法中，接收到的帧图像的数据信号，通过液晶的旋转角度控制而射入于电致变色器件的光线,以显示不同灰阶亮度。
根据本发明的实施例的驱动方法中，对于所述接收的图像之水平同步信号、垂直同步信号、以及红、绿、蓝数据信号产生相应的单色显示同步信号和电致变色器件的致能控制信号以能够依次进行红、绿、蓝信号的单色色调显示。
相较于现有液晶显示器，由于本发明实施例的液晶显示器的像素单元的子像素可在不同时间内依次呈现红色、绿色和蓝色三基色,如果以相同于现有液晶显示器的像素单元数量而言,本发明实施例的液晶显示器的分辨率能提高到是现有液晶显示器的分辨率的3倍，并且,由于电致变色器件的反射率和对比度较高，本发明能获得优越图像质量的显示效果。
为让本发明的上述特征和优点能更明显易懂，下文特举优选实施例，并配合所附图作详细说明如下。
附图说明
图1为一种依据本发明的优选实施例的液晶显示器的液晶显示面板的截面示意图。
图2为本发明如图1中所示液晶显示面板之上方部分阵列基板和电致变色器件的示意图。
图3为本发明的一优选实施例的电致变色器件的结构。
图4为本发明液晶显示器的驱动时序图。
具体实施方式
本说明书所使用的词语“实施例”意指实例、示例或例证。此外，本说明书和所附权利要求中所使用的冠词“一”一般地可以被解释为“一个或多个”，除非另外指定或从上下文可以清楚确定单数形式。以下各实施例的说明是参考附加的图式，用以例示本发明可用以实施的特定实施例。本发明所提到的方向用语，例如「上」、「下」、「前」、「后」、「左」、「右」、「内」、「外」、「侧面」等，仅是参考附加图式的方向。因此，使用的方向用语是用以说明及理解本发明，而非用以限制本发明。
以下实施例的说明是参考附加的图式，用以例示本发明可用以实施的特定实施例。实施例中相同标号指示同样或相似的组件,所例举之实施例是用以说明及理解本发明，而非用以限制本发明。
请参照图1，图1为一种依据本发明的优选实施例的液晶显示器的液晶显示面板的截面示意图。
本发明的液晶显示器包括一液晶显示面板100(如图1所示)与一背光模块102。如图1所示，液晶显示面板100的最顶层和最底层分别设置有上偏振片1和下偏振片1,接着往内分别设置上基板2和下基板2,然后由上基板2向下方依次设置有电致变色电极层3、电致变色层4、公共电极层5、取向层6、封框胶7、液晶层8、隔垫9、保护层10、ITO像素电极层11、栅绝缘层12、存贮电容层13,以及薄膜晶体管(TFT)开关层14。
于本优选实施例中,所述偏振片1为用以决定通过的光之偏振态,所述上下基板2为玻璃或其他透明材质，所述下基板2上形成所述TFT开关层14与所述存贮电容层13。所述电致变色电极层3为ITO透明电极。所述电致变色层4为有机或无机的变色材料,也是变色反应的发生层。所述液晶层8包含液晶分子，为改变光线偏光状态的重要元素，通过电力和弹性力共同决定其排列和偏光状态。所述TFT开关层14，用于控制所述液晶显示面板100上控制电路的信号电压，并传送到所述液晶层8中的所述液晶分子中，以决定所述液晶分子偏转的角度大小,所述液晶分子的偏转角度决定了透光率，通过所述液晶分子偏转不同角度的光线,使所述液晶显示器能显示不同的灰阶图像。所述存贮电容层13用于保持所述TFT开关层14产生的电压。
所述液晶显示面板100的像素单元(见图2)，包括若干条数据线(未示出)、若干条扫描线(未示出)、所述TFT开关层14、所述像素电极层11、所述公共电极层5以及漏极连接件(未示出)。至少一条所述数据线连接于所述TFT开关层14的源极，用于提供像素电压。至少一条所述扫描线连接于所述TFT开关层14的栅极，用于提供导通所述TFT开关层14的源极和漏极的扫描信号。所述像素电极层11，用于电性连接于所述TFT开关层14的漏极，用于和所述公共电极层5形成控制液晶分子在所述液晶层8内水平面内偏转的电场。。
本发明的液晶显示面板100是通过主动矩阵驱动,由白色背光源入射光照在所述下偏振片1,行进光会被偏极化后穿透所述液晶层8内所述液晶分子。本发明的背光模块102的背光源(未示出)可以是有机电致发光器件(OLED)、发光二极管(LED)、发光电化学池(LEC)或者冷阴极萤光灯管(CCFL)等能够发出白光的光源，OLED具有轻薄、省电、抗震、可实现柔性显示等优点，而且OLED为面光源，不需要在背光板上设置导光板。在OLED器件中，照明器件的结构和工艺更加简单，成本较低。若使用点光源或者线光源，为了使背光模块102发光均匀，背光模块102中还设置导光板。
请一并参照图1和图2，图2为本发明如图1中所示液晶显示面板100之上方部分阵列基板21，电致变色器件22的示意图。为了使本发明的重点更加清楚明了,图2将图1中所示液晶显示面板100之上下基板中间的取向层6、封框胶7、液晶层8、隔垫9、保护层10等器件先暂时省略,从图2中可以看出下方为具有TFT组成的部分阵列基板21，上方为具有ECD组成的电致变色器件22,在下方TFT组成的部分阵列基板21还包括所述下基板2,数据线23,扫描线24等器件,亦即显示上述未示出的所述液晶显示面板100的像素单元25。
请参照图3，图3为本发明的一优选实施例之电致变色器件22的结构。ECD技术最重要的一个特性，是在像素上加载不同的电压可以显示多种不同的颜色。如图2所示ECD组成的电致变色器件22,在本发明的一优选实施例中,如图3所示电致变色器件22可包括了一或两种电致变色材料，由多层薄膜所组成,借着调整电压或电流大小，可使电致变色材料产生电化学反应，其产物对特定波长的光具有不同程度的吸收度，而表现出不同的颜色。电致变色器件22从上到下顺序可分别为所述上基板2，电致变色阳极层3例如ITO,FTO电极具有透明导电的作用，离子储存层33，电解质电层34,电致变色材料层35，电子传输层36，公共电极层5例如ITO,FTO电极。在电致变色器件22工作时，在两个透明电极之间加上一定的电压，电致变色材料在电压作用下发生稳定、可逆的光学属性(如反射率、透过率、吸收率等)的变化，在外观上表现为颜色和透明度的可逆变化，可以起到滤光片的作用,以实现R，G，B可逆地交替变色。
其中,图1中电致变色层4的作用即代表图3中由离子储存层33，电解质电层34,电致变色材料层35，电子传输层36组成的作用。
电解质电层34设置在电致变色阳极层3下面以提供离子给予电致变色层34,电解质电层34可由特殊的导电离子材料组成，像过氯酸锂、过氯酸纳等的导电溶液或固体电解质材料。公共电极层5设置在电致变色器件22的最底层,作为相对于电致变色阳极层3之阴极。电致变色材料层35包含电致变色材料,电致变色器件22运作时，在电致变色阳极层3与公共电极层5之间施加一特定的电场，电致变色材料层35中的电致变色材料在电场作用发生氧化还原反应，电致变色材料的颜色产生变化，亦即电致变色材料层35在接受离子传输层33提供之离子后,产生着色。较佳地，电致变色材料层35可包含选自钨的氧化物、钼的氧化物、铬的氧化物、钒的氧化物、钛的氧化物、及镍的氧化物所组成之群组之过渡金属氧化物。
离子储存层33在电致变色材料发生氧化还原反应时储存相对应的反向离子，保持整个电荷平衡的作用，离子储存层33也可以使用与电致变色层电性相反的材料，这样可以达到颜色加成或互补的作用。在本发明的一优选实施例中,电致变色材料层35采用的是阴极(还原)变色材料，而离子储存层33采用阳极(氧化)变色材料做为第二电致变色层。同时包括了阴极和阳极的电致变色材料，此两种材料可以同时着色或去色，增加组件的光学密度变化，并提升穿透率变化量。亦即,当在在电致变色阳极层3与公共电极层5之间加载驱动电压时，电致变色材料层35中的正离子接受电子而发生还原反应以改变电致变色材料的颜色，离子储存层33的负离子失去电子而发生氧化反应以改变电致变色材料的颜色，从而使像素更快述显示色点。
图4为本发明液晶显示器的显示驱动时序图。本发明液晶显示器100的驱动方式为接收一帧图像410包含的红绿蓝数据信号420后，在一帧图像410的时间间隔内,亦即,在一个周期内,依次驱动所述液晶显示器100中如图3中电致变色器件22以使得每一帧图像410对应的红绿蓝数据信号420依次显示于液晶显示器100上。并利用时间混色原理，就可以显示彩色图像。如图4所示,驱动所述液晶显示面板100中电致变色器件22是通过施加对应红绿蓝颜色的控制电压430例如Va1，Va2和Va3于所述电致变色器件22。换言之,在一个周期内通过依次给予显示器中像素之电致变色器件22不同的驱动电压，则可使得电致变色材料的颜色依次呈现红色，绿色和蓝色。当背光发出的白光通过液晶盒透过现有技术驱动显示的彩色图像一样顺畅没有太大差别。并且,由于使用电致变色器件22的缘故，白光依次被过滤成红色，绿色和蓝色。透过的白光多少通过液晶的旋转角度控制，从而实现灰阶显示。再经由时间混色原理，于是该像素就可以显示不同灰阶的颜色。
一般而言，以75赫兹(Hz)驱动的单帧图像的时间间隔为13.3ms,当在一帧图像的时间间隔内,依次显示每一帧图像对应的红色帧图像,绿色帧图像及蓝色帧图像时,每单色帧图像的时间间隔大约是4.44ms,如此短时间间隔,是不会被察觉到帧图像的变化。并且藉由一显示控制模块来调整及产生时序控制信号,当接收到图像输入的水平同步信号(HSYNC)、垂直同步信号(VSYNC)、以及红(R)、绿(G)、蓝(B)数据信号，所述显示控制模块产生相应的单色显示同步信号和现有技术驱动显示的彩色图像一样顺畅没有太大差别。并且,由于电致变色器件22的致能控制信号已达到能够依次进行R、G、B信号的单色色调显示。并藉由一显示电压控制模块供给相应的控制电压以施加于电致变色器件22,以及供给参考电压作为像素单元的数据驱动。施加于电致变色器件22的控制电压之持续时间也因应电致变色材料作用的长短而加以控制。
虽然本发明液晶显示器显示的彩色图像是由些许时间差产生的红色帧图像,绿色帧图像及蓝色帧图像叠加形成,但由于人眼产生视觉暂留效应,因此,所觉察到本发明液晶显示器的彩色图像如同现有技术驱动显示的彩色图像一样顺畅没有太大差别。并且,由于电致变色器件22的反射率和对比度较佳，可提升图像的显示效果。
相较本发明实施例之液晶显示器与现有的液晶显示器，本发明实施例之液晶显示器之像素单元的子像素可在不同时间内依次呈现红色，绿色和蓝色三基色,因此就相同像素单元数量而言,可以提高3倍的分辨率，并且,由于电致变色器件22的反射率和对比度较佳，本发明可具有更佳图像的显示效果。
综上所述，虽然本发明已以优选实施例揭露如上，但上述优选实施例并非用以限制本发明，本领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，均可作各种更动与润饰，因此本发明的保护范围以权利要求界定的范围为准。

Claims (10)

1.一种液晶显示器，包括:
一种液晶显示面板与一背光模块；
所述液晶显示面板包括一上基板与一下基板,以及其特征在于，所述液晶显示器还包括:
一电致变色电极层设置于所述上基板的下方；
一电致变色层设置于所述电致变色电极层的下方；
一公共电极层设置于所述电致变色层的下方；
一液晶层,其包含液晶分子,设置于所述电致变色层的下方；
一像素电极层,设置于所述液晶层的下方,并设置于所述背光模块的上方；
一薄膜晶体管(TFT)开关层；以及
一存贮电容层,其中所述TFT开关层以及所述存贮电容层设置于所述下基板与所述公共电极层之间,所述电致变色电极层与所述公共电极层之间形成一电致变色器件。
2.如权利要求1所述液晶显示器，其特征在于，所述电致变色层包括一或两种电致变色材料。
3.如权利要求1所述液晶显示器，其特征在于，所述电致变色层包括阴极和阳极的电致变色材料。
4.如权利要求1所述液晶显示器，其特征在于，所述电致变色器件在施加一电压后,形成控制电致变色材料着色的电场。
5.如权利要求1所述液晶显示器，其特征在于，所述TFT开关层和所述存贮电容层皆与所述像素电极层连接。
6.如权利要求1所述液晶显示器，其特征在于，所述背光模块的背光源是发光二极管(LED),冷阴极萤光灯管(CCFL),有机电致发光器件(OLED),发光电化学池(LEC)之其中一者。
7.一种用于使如权利要求1所述的液晶显示器显示图象的驱动方法，其特征在于，包括:
接收一帧图像的数据信号，在一帧图像的时间间隔内,依次驱动所述液晶显示器中电致变色器件以使得每一帧图像对应的红、绿、蓝数据信号依次显示于所述液晶显示器上；
其中通过施加控制电压于所述电致变色器件以驱动所述液晶显示器的所述电致变色器件。
8.如权利要求7所述的用于使液晶显示器显示图象的驱动方法，其特征在于，接收到的所述图像的数据信号，通过所述液晶分子的旋转角度控制而射入于所述电致变色器件的光线,以显示不同灰阶亮度。
9.如权利要求7所述的用于使液晶显示器显示图象的驱动方法，其特征在于，对于所述接收的图像的水平同步信号、垂直同步信号、以及红、绿、蓝数据信号产生相应的单色显示同步信号和所述电致变色器件的致能控制信号以依次进行红、绿、蓝信号的单色色调显示。
10.如权利要求7所述的用于液晶显示器之显示图象的驱动方法,所述施加的控制电压于所述电致变色器件是依对应不同颜色数据信号而施加不同的控制电压。
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CN106019756A (zh) * 2016-08-02 2016-10-12 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 显示面板及其制作方法、曲面显示面板和曲面显示装置
CN109100897A (zh) * 2018-09-27 2018-12-28 江西沃格光电股份有限公司 电致变色膜和电致变色膜的制备方法
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CN110503922B (zh) * 2018-05-16 2022-04-19 株式会社日本有机雷特显示器 显示装置
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CN111668250A (zh) * 2020-07-20 2020-09-15 厦门理工学院 一种显示模组及装置
CN116189617A (zh) * 2023-01-31 2023-05-30 惠科股份有限公司 有机发光显示装置及其驱动方法
CN116189617B (zh) * 2023-01-31 2025-05-02 惠科股份有限公司 有机发光显示装置及其驱动方法

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