CN105672902A - 特种合金防垢防蜡抽油杆及其短节 - Google Patents

特种合金防垢防蜡抽油杆及其短节 Download PDF

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CN105672902A
CN105672902A CN201610032470.5A CN201610032470A CN105672902A CN 105672902 A CN105672902 A CN 105672902A CN 201610032470 A CN201610032470 A CN 201610032470A CN 105672902 A CN105672902 A CN 105672902A
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sucker rod
scaling
alloy
alloy powder
wax
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熊伟
赵严
刘恩洋
于思荣
丁国良
肖寒
郭瑾
王晓琼
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China University of Petroleum, East China
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
    • C22C18/02—Alloys based on zinc with copper as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C22C30/04—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing tin or lead
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C22C30/06—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing zinc
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/05—Alloys based on copper with manganese as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like

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Abstract

本发明涉及抽油杆技术领域，具体涉及一种特种合金防垢防蜡抽油杆及其短节，该抽油杆由螺纹倒角、螺纹、卸荷槽、卸荷槽圆弧、推承面、台肩倒角、台肩、扳手方、凸缘、过渡段、杆体构成，在所述的抽油杆表面采用热喷涂方式喷涂防垢防蜡合金粉末，所述合金粉末由各元素组成的质量百分比范围分别为Cu20％-85％、Zn10％-60％、Ni0.1％-20％、Mn0.5％-10％、Sn0.1％-10％、Fe0.5％-5％、Sb0.1％-3％、Mg0.01％-1％、O0.01％-2％、Pt0.01％-0.5％、Ce0.01％-5％的合金利用熔炼制粉得到，本发明防垢防蜡抽油杆及其短节具有成本低、无污染、效率高、有效期长、节能、无磁无电、适用范围广等优点，可广泛适用于石油、化工、煤炭、热力系统流动介质引起油井、管线结垢结蜡的区域，解决或有效防止油井管线的结垢结蜡问题。

Description

特种合金防垢防蜡抽油杆及其短节
技术领域
本发明涉及抽油杆技术领域，具体涉及一种特种合金防垢防蜡抽油杆及其短节。
背景技术
油井在持续作业过程中，油流从地层沿抽油系统被举升至地面存储和输送设备。地层压力大，温度高、气体含量趋于饱和，随油流位置的升高，其压力逐渐下降、温度逐渐降低、饱和气体逐渐析出。当原油条件降低到石蜡析蜡点时，石蜡就会结晶析出，并慢慢长大，生成大量的蜡和垢。当开发进入中后期时油流中含水量增加，结蜡结垢愈发严重，成为油井作业过程中一个很常见的破坏性问题。抽油井系统的任何位置条件的变化都可能会发生结蜡结垢现象，如井筒内或地层中等。随着条件超出临界状态并进一步变化，石蜡和水垢不断析出，其结晶便聚集和沉积在抽油杆，抽油泵、油管、套管等设备和工具上。当原油流经油管和抽油杆时，随着原油条件的变化，石蜡结晶析出。大量蜡晶的沉积降低了抽油泵泵效，严重时造成抽油机超负荷运作而损坏设备；油管壁结蜡是油井系统的常见现象，管壁结蜡会对抽油系统造成严重的影响，如：增大了原油输送阻力、地层回压，使抽油泵输出功率增大，原油产出效率却大幅下降；原油在地层射孔炮眼处结蜡现象非常普遍，特别是在抽油泵入口处结蜡尤为严重。此位置的结蜡会减小液流量，降低泵效；统计数据表明地层内部结蜡问题也相当普遍，此处结蜡会使油相渗透率降低、油井减产、能耗增加，严重时可能造成停产等。地面注水设备的结垢会造成设备的堵塞，地层内的结垢会引起地层伤害，同时结垢又会引起油井盐卡、盐堵、抽油杆断脱等现象，严重时造成油井大修，使油井生产无法正常进行。统计表明，全国石油产业每年因堵井、洗井、压裂、检泵、管道清蜡除垢等造成的减产损失达百亿元。
各种已有防垢防蜡方法均在成本、效果及环保方面存在一定的缺点及局限，如化学法会使油水体系更加复杂，增加后处理难度，带来环境污染；物理法操作复杂，作用期较短，停产成本高；强磁法使用限制较大，作用周期有限；微生物法对作业环境要求苛刻等等。
发明内容
为了更好地弥补现有技术的不足和保障人身安全，提供一种成本低、无污染、效率高、有效期长、节能、无磁无电、适用范围广的特种合金防垢防蜡抽油杆及其短节，能够解决上述问题。
本发明解决上述问题所采用的技术方案是：
特种合金防垢防蜡抽油杆，由螺纹倒角、螺纹、卸荷槽、卸荷槽圆弧、推承面、台肩倒角、台肩、扳手方、凸缘、过渡段、杆体构成，在所述的抽油杆表面采用热喷涂方式喷涂防垢防蜡合金粉末，所述合金粉末由各元素组成的质量百分比范围分别为Cu20％-85％、Zn10％-60％、Ni0.1％-20％、Mn0.5％-10％、Sn0.1％-10％、Fe0.5％-5％、Sb0.1％-3％、Mg0.01％-1％、O0.01％-2％、Pt0.01％-0.5％、Ce0.01％-5％的合金利用熔炼制粉得到。
进一步的，所述合金粉末为10目-250目的合金粉末颗粒。
进一步的，所述喷涂在抽油杆表面的防垢防蜡合金粉末的厚度大约为150～200μm。
特种合金防垢防蜡抽油杆的短节，所述短节表面采用热喷涂方式喷涂防垢防蜡合金粉末，所述合金粉末由各元素组成的质量百分比范围分别为Cu20％-85％、Zn10％-60％、Ni0.1％-20％、Mn0.5％-10％、Sn0.1％-10％、Fe0.5％-5％、Sb0.1％-3％、Mg0.01％-1％、O0.01％-2％、Pt0.01％-0.5％、Ce0.01％-5％的合金利用熔炼制粉得到。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明防垢防蜡抽油杆及其短节具有成本低、无污染、效率高、有效期长、节能、无磁无电、适用范围广等优点，可广泛适用于石油、化工、煤炭、热力系统流动介质引起油井、管线结垢结蜡的区域，解决或有效防止油井管线的结垢结蜡问题。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图；
图中：1-螺纹倒角；2-螺纹；3-卸荷槽；4-卸荷槽圆弧；5-推承面；6-台肩倒角；7-台肩；8-扳手方；9-凸缘；10-过渡段；11-杆体。
具体实施方式
根据图1所示，特种合金防垢防蜡抽油杆，由螺纹倒角1、螺纹2、卸荷槽3、卸荷槽圆弧4、推承面5、台肩倒角6、台肩7、扳手方8、凸缘9、过渡段10、杆体11构成，在所述的抽油杆表面采用热喷涂方式喷涂防垢防蜡合金粉末，所述合金粉末由各元素组成的质量百分比范围分别为Cu20％-85％、Zn10％-60％、Ni0.1％-20％、Mn0.5％-10％、Sn0.1％-10％、Fe0.5％-5％、Sb0.1％-3％、Mg0.01％-1％、O0.01％-2％、Pt0.01％-0.5％、Ce0.01％-5％的合金利用熔炼制粉得到。
进一步的，所述合金粉末为10目-250目的合金粉末颗粒。
进一步的，所述喷涂在抽油杆表面的防垢防蜡合金粉末的厚度大约为150～200μm。
特种合金防垢防蜡抽油杆的短节，所述短节表面采用热喷涂方式喷涂防垢防蜡合金粉末，所述合金粉末由各元素组成的质量百分比范围分别为Cu20％-85％、Zn10％-60％、Ni0.1％-20％、Mn0.5％-10％、Sn0.1％-10％、Fe0.5％-5％、Sb0.1％-3％、Mg0.01％-1％、O0.01％-2％、Pt0.01％-0.5％、Ce0.01％-5％的合金利用熔炼制粉得到。
本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (4)

1.特种合金防垢防蜡抽油杆，由螺纹倒角、螺纹、卸荷槽、卸荷槽圆弧、推承面、台肩倒角、台肩、扳手方、凸缘、过渡段、杆体构成，其特征在于：在所述的抽油杆表面采用热喷涂方式喷涂防垢防蜡合金粉末，所述合金粉末由各元素组成的质量百分比范围分别为Cu20％-85％、Zn10％-60％、Ni0.1％-20％、Mn0.5％-10％、Sn0.1％-10％、Fe0.5％-5％、Sb0.1％-3％、Mg0.01％-1％、O0.01％-2％、Pt0.01％-0.5％、Ce0.01％-5％的合金利用熔炼制粉得到。
2.根据权利要求1所述的特种合金防垢防蜡抽油杆，其特征在于：所述合金粉末为10目-250目的合金粉末颗粒。
3.根据权利要求1所述的特种合金防垢防蜡抽油杆，其特征在于：所述喷涂在抽油杆表面的防垢防蜡合金粉末的厚度大约为150～200μm。
4.特种合金防垢防蜡抽油杆的短节，其特征在于：所述短节表面采用热喷涂方式喷涂防垢防蜡合金粉末，所述合金粉末由各元素组成的质量百分比范围分别为Cu20％-85％、Zn10％-60％、Ni0.1％-20％、Mn0.5％-10％、Sn0.1％-10％、Fe0.5％-5％、Sb0.1％-3％、Mg0.01％-1％、O0.01％-2％、Pt0.01％-0.5％、Ce0.01％-5％的合金利用熔炼制粉得到。
CN201610032470.5A 2016-01-18 2016-01-18 特种合金防垢防蜡抽油杆及其短节 Pending CN105672902A (zh)

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CN110983100A (zh) * 2019-12-30 2020-04-10 山东凯德菲节能技术股份有限公司 一种合金材料、制备及其带有合金材料的水介质装置
CN113338865A (zh) * 2021-06-02 2021-09-03 南京公诚节能新材料研究院有限公司 基于触媒合金的油田地热井防垢技术应用方法

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CN113338865A (zh) * 2021-06-02 2021-09-03 南京公诚节能新材料研究院有限公司 基于触媒合金的油田地热井防垢技术应用方法

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Application publication date: 20160615