CN105746292A - Planting method for selenium-rich organic grapes - Google Patents
Planting method for selenium-rich organic grapes Download PDFInfo
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- CN105746292A CN105746292A CN201610124223.8A CN201610124223A CN105746292A CN 105746292 A CN105746292 A CN 105746292A CN 201610124223 A CN201610124223 A CN 201610124223A CN 105746292 A CN105746292 A CN 105746292A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- selenium
- rich
- fertilizer
- kilograms
- vitis viniferae
- Prior art date
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- Pending
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- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 241000219094 Vitaceae Species 0.000 title abstract 6
- 235000021021 grapes Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229940091258 selenium supplement Drugs 0.000 claims description 131
- 241000219095 Vitis Species 0.000 claims description 59
- 235000009392 Vitis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 54
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 14
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 14
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
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- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
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- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- JPJALAQPGMAKDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Se]=O JPJALAQPGMAKDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenous acid Chemical compound O[Se](O)=O MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 6
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- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protection of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
- C05C5/02—Fertilisers containing other nitrates containing sodium or potassium nitrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a planting method for selenium-rich organic grapes. The planting method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out soil improvement; (2) planting seedlings; (3) removing sprouts and introducing the seedlings to a rack; (4) carrying out plant protection; (5) carrying out primary top dressing; (6) applying base fertilizers; (7) adding a shed; (8) controlling yield; (9) covering the shed to preserve the temperature; (10) removing the sprouts; (11) bundling and carrying out plant protection; (12) carrying out flower thinning and topdressing; (13) carrying out fruit thinning and spraying a leaf fertilizer; and (14) picking. In the planting steps, a selenium-rich preparation is applied 15 days before sprouting, during a new-leaf stage, during a fruit setting stage, during topdressing, during a medium-fruit stage or before picking. The production method for the selenium-rich grapes is simple and easy to implement; after the production method is implemented, the growth of grapes can be promoted, the leaf function is strengthened, resistance to coldness, drought, plant diseases and insect pests, and the like is improved; the fruits are promoted to be expanded, so that the sugar content of the fruits is increased, and a sour-sweetness ratio is increased; and the content of the organic selenium element in the fruits is increased by more than three times in comparison with that of the local common grapes, and the taste of the selenium-rich organic grapes is extremely good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to grape planting process technical field, be specially the implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich organic Fructus Vitis viniferae.
Background technology
Selenium is the healthy necessary a kind of trace element of human body existence, and the scholar of many countries finds, the effect of health is mainly manifested in by selenium: the catalytic reaction of multiple enzyme in selenium energy participant's body, regulates absorption and the consumption of vitamin A CEK；Selenium is the topmost antioxidant of human body, energy scavenging free radicals, and selenium is high 500 times to the anti-aging energy force rate vitamin E of human body；Selenium is a kind of natural removing toxic substances material in human body, can resist the poisonous substance harm to health such as arsenic, cadmium, hydrargyrum, lead, multiple harmful toxic matter is had antagonism；Selenium is the primary activation composition of human immune system, can keep and improve the immunity of human body, and the height of human body immunity is closely related with internal selenium content；Selenium can significantly inhibit the synthesis of cancer and DNA of tumor cell, stops the division of tumor cell, has the effect suppressing tumor, cancer-resisting；Selenium can strengthen the fertility of human body, and research confirms, selenium is close with the activity relationship of gonadal hormone, and the mechanism of sperm membrane selenium protein tentatively illustrates.Therefore, selenium is described as " anticancer king " " life kindling material " " natural antidote " " central element of stable machine " " long-lived element " " element that human body is young " by domestic and international medical circle and nutrition educational circles.
It turns out that, the area that in diet, Se content is abundant, the sickness rate of cancer is all relatively low.Through cancer mortality in the world is added up, it has been found that the mortality rate of cancer and the intake of selenium are inversely proportional to.Human body, once lack selenium, can cause the generation of multiple disease, such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, cataract, cancer, tumor etc..The whole world has more than 40 countries and regions to be among scarce selenium crisis, and China there are about 2/3 area and belongs to internationally recognized scarce selenium area.Wherein nearly 1/3 is again serious scarce selenium area.The whole nation has the population of 70% to live in scarce selenium area.About 700,000,000 people live in Di Xi district.The sickness rate of present social various cancers, malignant tumor and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease is more and more higher, medical clinical practice proves that selenium supplement can make the M & M of cancer reduce by 37% 50% in recent years, China is a Ge Que selenium big country, selenium supplement is the n-th-trem relation n major issue to hundreds of millions of Chinese people's health, and often edible Se-rich farm products is the preferred approach of human body selenium supplement.
1973, World Health Organization (WHO) announced to the whole world, and selenium is trace element required in humans and animals vital movement.Unusual effect of selenium causes a sensation in developed country immediately, the American of consistent attention health is after WHA terminates, just the upsurge of everybody selenium supplement has been started in the whole nation, from then on various selenium-enriched foods sell well the U.S., 1974, Official US's institutional food was expressly provided with administration of health office, can obtain enough selenium for warrantor, in the feedstuff of edible animal, it is necessary to add a certain amount of selenium.Hereafter Official US's twice expansion again in 1989 and improve interpolation scope and the dosage of selenium, and the daily intake of people is decided to be 200 micrograms.Famous American scientist, Cornell University lifetime professor doctor Ke Musi is by 3000 Americans, last the selenium supplement clinical experiment of 13 years, finally it is concluded that, quantitative selenium supplement can reduce cancer morbidity more than 50%, the researcher reaching Thomas medical university of the U.S. finds simultaneously, and selenium has the effect extending human longevity.Chinese Scientists investigation finds that the selenium level of centenarian is 3～6 times of common people.The seventies, it is relevant that the Keshan disease research worker of China finds that Keshan disease is in scarce selenium state with crowd, and selenium supplement can prevent Keshan disease effectively.This achievement in research represents China and reports on Second Committee world selenium symposium in 1980, causes the great interest of participant.This achievement becomes human knowledge's selenium and healthy another milestone.
In October, 1988 in " every day meals Middle nutrition element quantity delivered with the dietary guidelines of China " that Chinese Soclety of Nutrition is recommended, selenium has been classified as 15 kinds every day one of diet nutrient.Hereafter, people recognize gradually, it should as absorbing starch, protein every day, and every day also must absorb appropriate selenium.
For this, Chinese Soclety of Nutrition, trace elements and health association of China raise a cry of warning and to grab selenium supplement as grabbing and enriching the iodine.China there are about the area of 70% and lacks selenium, particularly constitute " lean selenium area " from northeast to some areas of 15 provinces, cities and autonomous regions in southwest, also has Soviet Union, Anhui, Shandong, the province such as sweet, peaceful, municipal some areas also relatively lean selenium, under the more underdeveloped state of commodity economy, scarce selenium in human body is more serious, the current task of top priority is to carry out two pieces thing: one is that various public opinion media should popularize the publicity knowledge about selenium Yu health to resident, makes resident improve the understanding how preventing from lacking selenium；Two is start to develop and produce selenium-enriched food, manually adds selenium and produces selenium-enriched food.
Scientific circles of China adopt method " food-balance method method " popular in the world at present to solve to lack a selenium difficult problem." food-balance method method ", namely in conventional food, adds the nutrient that human body lacks.This method is simple, safely and effectively, harmless, and cost is much lower compared with some health product on market.By Spraying Se foliage fertilizer, by the biological motion of fruit-vegetable plant, by inorganic selenium element absorption and be changed into the organic nutrition selenium element that human body easily absorbs, fruit and vegerable selenium content is made to increase, thus reaching to the purpose of human body selenium supplement through fruit and vegerable food chain.
Fructus Vitis viniferae is except directly eating, it is also possible to be processed into Sucus Vitis viniferae, dried Fructus Vitis viniferae, wine.Sucus Vitis viniferae is described as " vegetable milk " by scientist, when hypoglycemia occurs in human body, if drinking Sucus Vitis viniferae in time, can quickly make remission.Dried Fructus Vitis viniferae can replenishing blood and vital energy, warming the kidney, help improve anemia and be prone to preserve.Wine delicate mouthfeel, nutritious.Additionally, Semen Vitis viniferae is rich in " polyphenol ", the ability of its defying age is 50 times of vitamin E, conventional with Semen Vitis viniferae be raw material skin care item or food, it is possible to improve looks, slow down aging.It can be said that Fructus Vitis viniferae whole body is all precious.
And Central Region land type is mainly waterloggogenic paddy soil, its feature is good for kind of a rice history length, irrigation condition, by surface irrigation water and influence on groundwater.The soil body is configured as W-Ap2-Be-Bghs-Cg (or Br) type.Bottom has obvious water to plough illuvium (or waterloggogenic horizon), thickness G reatT.GreaT.GT 20cm, and the activation grade of ferrum is low, and brilliant glue rate is high, and degree of base saturation is also high.How should ground suiting measures to different conditions according to the soil of plains region, climate characteristic plantation Fructus Vitis viniferae in Soviet Union, mouthfeel is good, healthy, the high-quality Fructus Vitis viniferae of nutrition how to use Polyhouse technology to plant out, it is necessary to constantly grope.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is in that to provide the implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich organic Fructus Vitis viniferae, to solve the problem in above-mentioned background technology.
Technical problem solved by the invention realizes by the following technical solutions: the implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich organic Fructus Vitis viniferae, comprises the following steps: (1) soil remediation: with straw, biological organic fertilizer improvement soil；
(2) plantation seedling: early March, the downward 10cm temperature in earth's surface, when 4.5 degree～5.5 degree, plants seedling, adopts the method deep-cutting shallow sowing during plantation；After seed is good, completes dropper band, supply water in good time, keep soil moisture 80%, build mulch film, heat and moisture preserving in time；
(3) except sprouting, to draw Seedling added: early April, in time except sprouting, every is only stayed 1 blastogenesis long；Meanwhile, timely vertical rod, draw Seedling added, and remove sublateral shoot and tendril；
(4) plant protection: start plant protection after Seedling sprouts 10cm；
(5) topdressing for the first time: after the long 20cm of Seedling, first time topdresses, and based on nitrogenous fertilizer, every mu 2 kilograms～3 kilograms, waters and executes；First quarter moon once, waters 5～6 times；
(6) chasing after base manure: late September, every mu imposes biological organic fertilizer 1300 kilograms～1600 kilograms, 100 kilograms～130 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, boron fertilizer 1 kilogram～1.5 kilograms；
(7) upper booth: in October, increase rainproof steelframe booth；
(8) surely cutting to produce: Second Year early January, surely cut to produce, every per mu yield controls at 700 kilograms～750 kilograms；
(9) upper film insulation: Second Year February is upper, the middle ten days, upper plastic film of greenhouse, insulation；
(10) except sprouting: Second Year late April, germinate except sprouting；
(11) bar is determined: colligation is added, timely plant protection；
(12) flower thinning, topdress: Second Year Fructus Vitis viniferae mid-May is bloomed, timely flower thinning, whole titbit；Second Year late May, execute and expand fertilizer, and execute the biological organic fertilizer of every mu 900 kilograms～1000 kilograms；
(13) fruit thinning, spray foliage fertilizer: Second Year early June, fruit thinning, cuff, and to foliage-spray trace element；
(14) pluck: Second Year early July, grape maturity, pluck；
In above plantation step, before germination, young leaves phase, setting phase, the time of topdressing, middle fruit phase or fruit picking within first 15 days, use selenium-rich preparation.
The described method using selenium-rich preparation be the ratio in 1: 240 by after fertilizer rich in selenium and water mixed dissolution to foliage-spray, dose be 200～400 grams of fertilizer rich in selenium/mus/time, fertilizer application frequency is 2～4 times, fertilizer rich in selenium is solid, powdery, is the complex of 3.0～3.2% by 0.5～0.6% with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium >=50% and boron, copper, zinc, manganese, magnesium, molybdenum and organic complexing agent containing selenium dioxide or sodium selenite, Monohydrated selenium dioxide.
The described method using selenium-rich preparation be the ratio in 1: 100 by after selenium-rich agent and water mixed diluting to foliage-spray, dose be 100～300 grams of selenium-rich agent/mus/time, fertilizer application frequency is 2～4 times, selenium-rich agent is liquid, containing selenium 0.2～0.4%, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium >=20%, magnesium, boron, copper, manganese, zinc, sulfur and molybdenum=0.7%.
The described brick-red liquid of selenium-rich preparation, containing elemental selenium 0.3～0.4g/L, elemental selenium is nanoscale, and mean diameter is 60～150nm, active bacteria 10,000,000,000/mL of sum, is that selenium-rich preparation raw material prepares under anaerobic in 25～35 DEG C for fermented 20～40 days.
Described selenium-rich preparation raw material mass percent is as follows: sodium selenite 6～8%, glucose 8～12%, probiotic bacteria 0.5～2%, starch 1～3%, protein 4～8%, calcium carbonate 1～3%, Sal 0.5～2%, amino acid/11～3%, potassium nitrate 0.02～0.08%, ferrous sulfate 0.02～0.08%, biochemical enzymes 1～3%, chitosan 5～20%, and all the other are deionized water.
Described selenium-rich preparation raw material mass percent is as follows: sodium selenite 6.8～7.5%, glucose 10～11%, probiotic bacteria 0.8～1.5%, starch 1.5～2.5%, protein 5～7%, calcium carbonate 1.5～2.5%, Sal 0.8～1.5%, amino acid/11 .5～2.5%, potassium nitrate 0.05～0.07%, ferrous sulfate 0.04～0.07%, biochemical enzymes 1.5～2%, chitosan 10～18%, and all the other are deionized water.
Compared with disclosed technology, there is advantages below in the present invention: 1, the implantation methods of the rich elemental selenium Fructus Vitis viniferae of the present invention, using selenium-rich preparation is fertilizer, containing elemental selenium in selenium-rich preparation, and elemental selenium is nanoscale, and the selenium-rich grape planted out contains nanoscale elemental selenium, Se content is at 30～50 micro-gs/kg, mouthfeel is good, rich in sugar, antioxygenic property is good, avirulence, and human body is safe from harm.
2, the selenium-rich diameter of the present invention is except containing selenium element, possibly together with the required nitrogen of plant, phosphorus, potassium and trace element, Fructus Vitis viniferae is had production-increasing function.
3, the selenium-rich preparation of the present invention has degeneration-resistant effect for diseases and pests of agronomic crop, and harmful heavy metal is had antagonism, has Degradation for the nitrate in vegetable, it is possible to reduce applications of pesticide amount.
4, the Fructus Vitis viniferae that implantation methods of the present invention is planted out is due to containing elemental nano-selenium, so, himself antioxygenic property improves, and is unlikely to deteriorate, and stores the time long, is conducive to transport.
5, the Fructus Vitis viniferae that implantation methods of the present invention is planted out is owing to containing elemental nano-selenium, after edible, can improving the Se content in human body, and then improving the content of trace element-selenium in human body, being conducive to the diseases such as prophylaxis of cancer.
Detailed description of the invention
It is easy to understand with effect to make the technological means of the present invention, creation characteristic, workflow, using method reach purpose, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under not making creative work premise, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
The implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich organic Fructus Vitis viniferae, comprises the following steps: (1) soil remediation: with straw, biological organic fertilizer improvement soil；
(2) plantation seedling: early March, the downward 10cm temperature in earth's surface, when 4.5 degree～5.5 degree, plants seedling, adopts the method deep-cutting shallow sowing during plantation；After seed is good, completes dropper band, supply water in good time, keep soil moisture 80%, build mulch film, heat and moisture preserving in time；
(3) except sprouting, to draw Seedling added: early April, in time except sprouting, every is only stayed 1 blastogenesis long；Meanwhile, timely vertical rod, draw Seedling added, and remove sublateral shoot and tendril；
(4) plant protection: start plant protection after Seedling sprouts 10cm；
(5) topdressing for the first time: after the long 20cm of Seedling, first time topdresses, and based on nitrogenous fertilizer, every mu 2 kilograms～3 kilograms, waters and executes；First quarter moon once, waters 5～6 times；
(6) chasing after base manure: late September, every mu imposes biological organic fertilizer 1300 kilograms～1600 kilograms, 100 kilograms～130 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, boron fertilizer 1 kilogram～1.5 kilograms；
(7) upper booth: in October, increase rainproof steelframe booth；
(8) surely cutting to produce: Second Year early January, surely cut to produce, every per mu yield controls at 700 kilograms～750 kilograms；
(9) upper film insulation: Second Year February is upper, the middle ten days, upper plastic film of greenhouse, insulation；
(10) except sprouting: Second Year late April, germinate except sprouting；
(11) bar is determined: colligation is added, timely plant protection；
(12) flower thinning, topdress: Second Year Fructus Vitis viniferae mid-May is bloomed, timely flower thinning, whole titbit；Second Year late May, execute and expand fertilizer, and execute the biological organic fertilizer of every mu 900 kilograms～1000 kilograms；
(13) fruit thinning, spray foliage fertilizer: Second Year early June, fruit thinning, cuff, and to foliage-spray trace element；
(14) pluck: Second Year early July, grape maturity, pluck；
In above plantation step, before germination, young leaves phase, setting phase, the time of topdressing, middle fruit phase or fruit picking within first 15 days, use selenium-rich preparation.
Embodiment 1
The implantation methods of a kind of rich elemental selenium Fructus Vitis viniferae, comprises the following steps that
(1) adopting wide row mode, plant state light Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock March, ridging on plantation ditch, ridge height 25cm, row spacing 1.2m, distance between the ridges is 3.5m, is planted on ridge by Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock, and strain spacing is 1.5 meters；
(2) nursery: after having planted, lays drip irrigation zone, covers black thin film above and carries out nursery；
(3) pruning: after Seedling rudiment planted by Fructus Vitis viniferae, removes the weak bud in double; two bud and obvious weak bud, makes nutrition focus on the strong bud stayed；
null(4) fertilising: use selenium-rich preparation before Fructus Vitis viniferae germinates，Selenium-rich preparation is that selenium-rich preparation raw material prepares under anaerobic in 28 DEG C for fermented 30 days，Selenium-rich preparation raw material mass percent is as follows: sodium selenite 7%、Glucose 10%、Probiotic bacteria 1%、Starch 2%、Protein 6%、Calcium carbonate 2%、Sal 1%、Aminoacid 2%、Potassium nitrate 0.06%、Ferrous sulfate 0.06%、Biochemical enzymes 2%、Chitosan 15%，All the other are deionized water，Take sodium selenite、Glucose、Starch、Protein、Calcium carbonate、Sal、Aminoacid、Potassium nitrate、Ferrous sulfate、Biochemical enzymes、Chitosan and deionized water mixing，After mixing inoculate probiotic bacteria in 28 DEG C fermented 30 days under anaerobic，Prepare rich elemental selenium preparation，Described selenium-rich preparation is brick-red liquid，Selenium-rich preparation is containing elemental selenium 0.3g/L，Elemental selenium is nanoscale，Mean diameter is 100nm，Active bacteria 10,000,000,000/mL of sum，Selenium-rich preparation diluent 20 is imposed on root again，
(5) after plantation, the watering of Fructus Vitis viniferae, fixed slightly, flower thinning, fruit thinning, except tendril, weeding, prevent and treat the field management work such as disease pest, bagging and results, undertaken by this area customary technical operation.
Protein source is in cooked beef, and starch is potato starch, and potato starch derives from the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi after peeling is boiled, and origin of amino acid is in Semen sojae atricolor, and biochemical enzymes is phosphoglucokinase PEK.
Add chitosan and can keep the viable count of microbial bacterial agent, the effective chitosan that plays keeps effect of viable count, the adding proportion of chitosan of the present invention is regioselective by long-term experiment, the adding proportion of chitosan controls 15%, number of viable and time to live can be effectively improved, just can ensure that selenium-rich preparation is effectively improved microorganism living environment in soil, and there is effect of moisture content maintenance and efficiency slow release.
Probiotic bacteria is yeast, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus cereus and actinomycetic combination, yeast: lactic acid bacteria: bacillus cereus: actinomycetes number ratio is: 2:3:1:1, described yeast is saccharomyces cerevisiae, lactic acid bacteria is Bulgarian Lactobacillus, bacillus cereus is bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, and actinomycetes are Yunnan actinoplanes.
We can draw from XPS spectrum, and this is synthesized selenium element, and the undersized nano granules of selenium covered by the protein excretion of bacillus cereus.In in the forming process of M-Se, protein plays an important role.
Embodiment 2
The implantation methods of a kind of rich elemental selenium Fructus Vitis viniferae, comprises the following steps that
(1) adopting wide row mode, plant Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock March, ridging on plantation ditch, ridge height 40cm, row spacing 1.8m, distance between the ridges is 4.5m, is planted on ridge by Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock, and strain spacing is 2 meters；
(2) nursery: after having planted, lays drip irrigation zone, covers black thin film above and carries out nursery；
(3) pruning: after Seedling rudiment planted by Fructus Vitis viniferae, removes the weak bud in double; two bud and obvious weak bud, makes nutrition focus on the strong bud stayed；
null(4) fertilising: respectively before Fructus Vitis viniferae germinates、First 15 days to Fructus Vitis viniferae fruit picking mid-June，Use selenium-rich preparation，Selenium-rich preparation is that selenium-rich preparation raw material prepares under anaerobic in 28 DEG C for fermented 30 days，Selenium-rich preparation raw material mass percent is as follows: sodium selenite 7.5%、Glucose 11%、Probiotic bacteria 1.5%、Starch 2.5%、Protein 5%、Calcium carbonate 1.8%、Sal 1.2%、Aminoacid 2.2%、Potassium nitrate 0.07%、Ferrous sulfate 0.05%、Biochemical enzymes 1.8%、Chitosan 18%，All the other are deionized water，Take sodium selenite、Glucose、Starch、Protein、Calcium carbonate、Sal、Aminoacid、Potassium nitrate、Ferrous sulfate、Biochemical enzymes、Chitosan and deionized water mixing，After mixing inoculate probiotic bacteria in 28 DEG C fermented 30 days under anaerobic，Prepare rich elemental selenium preparation，Described selenium-rich preparation is brick-red liquid，Selenium-rich preparation is containing elemental selenium 0.3g/L，Elemental selenium is nanoscale，Mean diameter is 100nm，Active bacteria 10,000,000,000/mL of sum，Fructus Vitis viniferae adopts root to apply fertilizer 2 times before germinateing，By after selenium-rich preparation dilute 20 times equably cloth be sprinkled upon in vine root surrounding soil，Earthing covers tightly again，Or some ditches of decile or hole, cave centered by Fructus Vitis viniferae root，The uniform cloth of selenium-rich preparation after dilution is sprinkled upon in bar ditch or hole, cave，Earthing covers tightly again，Dose: every selenium-rich preparation executed after 8 jin of dilutions.Mid-June adopts foliage dressing to Fructus Vitis viniferae fruit picking fertilising in first 15 days, by 30 times of stirring and dissolving of selenium-rich preparation dilute, sprays vine blade face with mechanically or manually vaporific.The noon of dew, rainy day and sweltering heat is avoided, it is to avoid affect vine blade face and directly absorb selenium element when spraying.Fountain height varies in size because of vine, and best with blade face not drip effect, foliage dressing is 3 times, sprays the time: first time topdresses on June, the middle ten days carries out before bagging；Second time topdresses and carries out mid-August；Third time carries out for 10～15 days before Fructus Vitis viniferae is gathered.
(5) after plantation, the watering of Fructus Vitis viniferae, fixed slightly, flower thinning, fruit thinning, except tendril, weeding, prevent and treat the field management work such as disease pest, bagging and results, undertaken by this area customary technical operation.
Protein source is in cooked beef, and starch is potato starch, and potato starch derives from the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi after peeling is boiled, and origin of amino acid is in Semen sojae atricolor, and biochemical enzymes is phosphoglucokinase PEK.
Probiotic bacteria is yeast, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus cereus and actinomycetic combination, yeast: lactic acid bacteria: bacillus cereus: actinomycetes number ratio is: 3:4:2:2, described yeast is saccharomyces cerevisiae, lactic acid bacteria is Bulgarian Lactobacillus, bacillus cereus is bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, and actinomycetes are Yunnan actinoplanes.
Embodiment 3
The implantation methods of a kind of rich elemental selenium Fructus Vitis viniferae, described in embodiment 1, is different in that, the fertilising of step (3), and for the brown earth in Liaodong Peninsula, during Fructus Vitis viniferae fertilising, root applies fertilizer 1 time, foliage dressing 3 times；First time topdresses on June, the middle ten days carries out before bagging；Second time topdresses and carries out mid-August；Third time carries out for 10～15 days before Fructus Vitis viniferae is gathered.Root topdresses before Fructus Vitis viniferae germinates and carries out, by after selenium-rich preparation dilute 22 times equably cloth be sprinkled upon in vine root surrounding soil, earthing covers tightly again, or some ditches of decile or hole, cave centered by Fructus Vitis viniferae root, the uniform cloth of selenium-rich preparation after dilution is sprinkled upon in bar ditch or hole, cave, earthing covers tightly again, dose: every selenium-rich preparation executed after 10 jin of dilutions.The selenium-rich preparation of the present invention also can be used with farm organic fertilizer or chemical fertilizer Homogeneous phase mixing.
Described foliage dressing is upper June, the middle ten days carries out to Fructus Vitis viniferae fruit picking for first 18 days, by 35 times of stirring and dissolving of selenium-rich preparation dilute, sprays vine blade face with mechanically or manually vaporific.The noon of dew, rainy day and sweltering heat is avoided, it is to avoid affect vine blade face and directly absorb selenium element when spraying.Fountain height varies in size because of vine, and with blade face, drip effect is not best.
Embodiment 4
The implantation methods of a kind of rich elemental selenium Fructus Vitis viniferae, described in embodiment 1, is different in that, the fertilising of step (3), and for Southern Shandong Province, the moisture soil of Huang-Huai-Hai plain, during Fructus Vitis viniferae fertilising, root applies fertilizer 2 times, foliage dressing 4 times.
The ultimate principle of the present invention, principal character and advantages of the present invention have more than been shown and described.Skilled person will appreciate that of the industry; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; described in above-described embodiment and description is that principles of the invention is described; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements both fall within the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (6)
1. the implantation methods of a selenium-rich organic Fructus Vitis viniferae, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps: (1) soil remediation: with straw, biological organic fertilizer improvement soil；
(2) plantation seedling: early March, the downward 10cm temperature in earth's surface, when 4.5 degree～5.5 degree, plants seedling, adopts the method deep-cutting shallow sowing during plantation；After seed is good, completes dropper band, supply water in good time, keep soil moisture 80%, build mulch film, heat and moisture preserving in time；
(3) except sprouting, to draw Seedling added: early April, in time except sprouting, every is only stayed 1 blastogenesis long；Meanwhile, timely vertical rod, draw Seedling added, and remove sublateral shoot and tendril；
(4) plant protection: start plant protection after Seedling sprouts 10cm；
(5) topdressing for the first time: after the long 20cm of Seedling, first time topdresses, and based on nitrogenous fertilizer, every mu 2 kilograms～3 kilograms, waters and executes；First quarter moon once, waters 5～6 times；
(6) chasing after base manure: late September, every mu imposes biological organic fertilizer 1300 kilograms～1600 kilograms, 100 kilograms～130 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, boron fertilizer 1 kilogram～1.5 kilograms；
(7) upper booth: in October, increase rainproof steelframe booth；
(8) surely cutting to produce: Second Year early January, surely cut to produce, every per mu yield controls at 700 kilograms～750 kilograms；
(9) upper film insulation: Second Year February is upper, the middle ten days, upper plastic film of greenhouse, insulation；
(10) except sprouting: Second Year late April, germinate except sprouting；
(11) bar is determined: colligation is added, timely plant protection；
(12) flower thinning, topdress: Second Year Fructus Vitis viniferae mid-May is bloomed, timely flower thinning, whole titbit；Second Year late May, execute and expand fertilizer, and execute the biological organic fertilizer of every mu 900 kilograms～1000 kilograms；
(13) fruit thinning, spray foliage fertilizer: Second Year early June, fruit thinning, cuff, and to foliage-spray trace element；
(14) pluck: Second Year early July, grape maturity, pluck；
In above plantation step, before germination, young leaves phase, setting phase, the time of topdressing, middle fruit phase or fruit picking within first 15 days, use selenium-rich preparation.
2. the implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich organic Fructus Vitis viniferae according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in use the method for selenium-rich preparation be the ratio in 1: 240 by after fertilizer rich in selenium and water mixed dissolution to foliage-spray, dose be 200～400 grams of fertilizer rich in selenium/mus/time, fertilizer application frequency is 2～4 times, fertilizer rich in selenium is solid, powdery, is the complex of 3.0～3.2% by 0.5～0.6% with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium >=50% and boron, copper, zinc, manganese, magnesium, molybdenum and organic complexing agent containing selenium dioxide or sodium selenite, Monohydrated selenium dioxide.
3. the implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich organic Fructus Vitis viniferae according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in use the method for selenium-rich preparation be the ratio in 1: 100 by after selenium-rich agent and water mixed diluting to foliage-spray, dose be 100～300 grams of selenium-rich agent/mus/time, fertilizer application frequency is 2～4 times, selenium-rich agent is liquid, containing selenium 0.2～0.4%, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium >=20%, magnesium, boron, copper, manganese, zinc, sulfur and molybdenum=0.7%.
4. the implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich organic Fructus Vitis viniferae according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: the described brick-red liquid of selenium-rich preparation, containing elemental selenium 0.3～0.4g/L, elemental selenium is nanoscale, mean diameter is 60～150nm, active bacteria 10,000,000,000/mL of sum, is that selenium-rich preparation raw material prepares under anaerobic in 25～35 DEG C for fermented 20～40 days.
5. the implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich organic Fructus Vitis viniferae according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described selenium-rich preparation raw material mass percent is as follows: sodium selenite 6～8%, glucose 8～12%, probiotic bacteria 0.5～2%, starch 1～3%, protein 4～8%, calcium carbonate 1～3%, Sal 0.5～2%, amino acid/11～3%, potassium nitrate 0.02～0.08%, ferrous sulfate 0.02～0.08%, biochemical enzymes 1～3%, chitosan 5～20%, and all the other are deionized water.
6. the implantation methods of a kind of selenium-rich organic Fructus Vitis viniferae according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described selenium-rich preparation raw material mass percent is as follows: sodium selenite 6.8～7.5%, glucose 10～11%, probiotic bacteria 0.8～1.5%, starch 1.5～2.5%, protein 5～7%, calcium carbonate 1.5～2.5%, Sal 0.8～1.5%, amino acid/11 .5～2.5%, potassium nitrate 0.05～0.07%, ferrous sulfate 0.04～0.07%, biochemical enzymes 1.5～2%, chitosan 10～18%, and all the other are deionized water.
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| CN201610124223.8A Pending CN105746292A (en) | 2016-03-03 | 2016-03-03 | Planting method for selenium-rich organic grapes |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106258316A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2017-01-04 | 成都科比亚生物科技有限公司 | A kind of grape planting process that can increase Fructus Vitis viniferae sucrose accumulation |
| CN106518425A (en) * | 2016-11-26 | 2017-03-22 | 阜阳金满地生态农业科技股份有限公司 | Method for planting selenium-enriched grapes |
| CN107637434A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-01-30 | 梁纪林 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit |
| CN108207479A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-06-29 | 宁夏西御王泉国际酒庄有限公司 | A kind of selenium-rich vinifera plantation |
| CN108283045A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-07-17 | 辽宁大学 | A kind of grape blade face quantifies the implantation methods of selenium-rich |
| CN108821896A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2018-11-16 | 贵州大学 | A kind of efficient foliage bacterial fertilizer of grape and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN108863619A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2018-11-23 | 贵州大学 | A kind of Rosa roxburghii Tratt selenium-rich liquid bacterial manure and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN108976047A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2018-12-11 | 贵州大学 | A kind of Kiwi berry selenium-rich liquid bacterial manure and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109369242A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-02-22 | 贵州大学 | A kind of blueberry selenium-enriched liquid bacterial fertilizer and its preparation method and application |
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2016
- 2016-03-03 CN CN201610124223.8A patent/CN105746292A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106258316A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2017-01-04 | 成都科比亚生物科技有限公司 | A kind of grape planting process that can increase Fructus Vitis viniferae sucrose accumulation |
| CN106518425A (en) * | 2016-11-26 | 2017-03-22 | 阜阳金满地生态农业科技股份有限公司 | Method for planting selenium-enriched grapes |
| CN107637434A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-01-30 | 梁纪林 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit |
| CN108283045A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-07-17 | 辽宁大学 | A kind of grape blade face quantifies the implantation methods of selenium-rich |
| CN108207479A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-06-29 | 宁夏西御王泉国际酒庄有限公司 | A kind of selenium-rich vinifera plantation |
| CN108821896A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2018-11-16 | 贵州大学 | A kind of efficient foliage bacterial fertilizer of grape and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN108863619A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2018-11-23 | 贵州大学 | A kind of Rosa roxburghii Tratt selenium-rich liquid bacterial manure and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN108976047A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2018-12-11 | 贵州大学 | A kind of Kiwi berry selenium-rich liquid bacterial manure and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109369242A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-02-22 | 贵州大学 | A kind of blueberry selenium-enriched liquid bacterial fertilizer and its preparation method and application |
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Application publication date: 20160713 |