CN106017444A - Independent monitoring method for construction verticality of super-high building - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an independent monitoring method for the construction verticality of a super high-rise building, comprising the following steps: (1) a long-term view of the network synchronization of the reference point and the monitoring point, and adopting the classic static baseline solution and network adjustment to obtain the monitoring method (2) Calculate the meridional component ξ and the unitary component η of the vertical line deviation of the monitoring point by fusing multiple earth gravity field models or the regional quasi-geoid model; (3) estimate the vertical line deviation according to the calculated The systematic deviation between the GNSS measurement and the laser plumb meter's projected point, in order to solve the matching problem between the GNSS measurement and the laser plumb meter's projected point; (4) compare the GNSS measurement result and the laser plumb meter's projected point result to evaluate the super high-rise building construction verticality. The invention has the characteristics of good compatibility with the reference point, automatic and continuous observation, high precision, independence and the like, and has high application value.

Description

An independent monitoring method for construction verticality of super high-rise buildings

technical field

The invention relates to the field of engineering measurement, in particular to an independent monitoring method for the construction verticality of a super high-rise building.

Background technique

my country's "General Rules for Civil Building Design" (GB50352-2005) stipulates that when the building height exceeds 100m, both residential and public buildings are super high-rise buildings. With the gradual shortage of urban land in China, there are more and more super high-rise buildings in developed areas such as Beijing, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Pearl River Delta. One of the key technologies for the construction measurement of super high-rise buildings is to ensure that the verticality of the building meets the requirements of the code. The "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Concrete Structure Engineering" (GB50204-2015) stipulates that the permissible deviation of the verticality of the full height of the cast-in-place concrete structure shall not exceed H /1000 and ≤30mm. In order to ensure the verticality of super high-rise buildings, the vertical transmission of the measurement datum in the current construction process generally adopts the layered transmission of laser plumbometers, which can effectively control the verticality of super high-rise buildings. However, because super high-rise buildings are affected by external factors such as wind, sunshine, and tower crane construction, as well as measurement errors such as the accumulation of layered transmission errors of the laser plumbometer, it is generally necessary to use other technologies to independently check the pointing results of the laser plumbometer. . In view of the fact that the reference point of super high-rise buildings is generally measured by GNSS combined with the wire survey method, and GNSS technology can be used as the preferred method for independent monitoring of the verticality of super high-rise buildings due to its advantages of all-weather, automatic observation, and high precision.

Using GNSS technology to independently monitor the verticality of super high-rise buildings needs to solve the matching problem between GNSS measurement and laser plumb meter projection point. The main reason is that the GNSS measurement reference line is the normal line, while the laser plumb meter measurement reference line is lead However, the matching problem between the two is not considered when using GNSS to monitor the verticality of super high-rise buildings.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new verticality monitoring method for super high-rise buildings to meet the demand.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and provide an independent monitoring method for the verticality of super high-rise building construction.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of independent monitoring method of super high-rise building construction verticality, comprises the steps of following order:

Step 1. Select a laser plumb instrument projection point on the monitoring layer of the super high-rise building as the monitoring point, and select N control points as reference points in the first-level control network of the super high-rise building, where N≥3;

Step 2, set up a GNSS receiver on the monitoring point and reference point selected in step 1 for static synchronous observation, and the synchronous observation time T≥24 hours;

Step 3, using the classic static baseline calculation mode to process the field observation data, taking the construction coordinates of the reference point as constraints, and obtaining the construction coordinates of the monitoring points through adjustment;

Step 4, calculate the vertical line deviation meridian component ξ and the unitary component η of the monitoring point by merging multiple earth gravity field models or by the regional quasi-geoid model;

Step 5, calculate the north-south direction deviation Δx and the east-west direction deviation Δy of the GNSS measurement and the laser plumb instrument throw point according to the vertical line deviation meridian component ξ and the unitary component η obtained in step 4;

Step 6: Use the north-south deviation Δx and east-west direction Δy of the system obtained in step 5 to correct the GNSS measurement coordinates, and then compare with the coordinates of the laser plumbometer to evaluate the construction verticality of super high-rise buildings.

The GNSS receiver is a multi-frequency multi-satellite GNSS receiver.

The multiple earth gravity field models include EGM2008 earth gravity field model and EIGEN-6C4 earth gravity field model.

In step 4, the vertical line deviation meridional component ξ and the unitary component η of the monitoring point are calculated by fusing multiple earth gravity field models, specifically: using multiple earth gravity field models to calculate the vertical line deviation of the monitoring point respectively, And calculate the accuracy of the vertical line deviation of the monitoring point according to the variance of the potential coefficient of each earth's gravity field model, and then obtain the final vertical line deviation of the monitoring point through weighted average, the calculation formula is:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&xi;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&xi;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}}{\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}}{\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

In the formula, _{ξi is the meridional component of the vertical deviation of the monitoring point calculated by using multiple earth gravitational field models; η i is the} vertical deviation of the monitoring point calculated by using multiple earth gravity field models; Weights computed for the variance of potential coefficients from multiple Earth gravitational field models.

In step 4, the vertical line deviation meridional component ξ and the unitary component η of the monitoring point are calculated by the regional quasi-geoid model, specifically: the elevation anomaly difference between each point is calculated by the regional quasi-geoid model, and then Calculate the vertical line deviation of the monitoring point.

In step 1, the monitoring layer of the super high-rise building is a staged construction top layer.

The reference points are N control points, and the positions of the control points comply with the provisions of the "Global Positioning System Measurement Specification". Specifically, it complies with the provisions of the Global Positioning System (GPS) Measurement Specifications (GB/T 18314-2009).

In step 5, the calculation formulas of the north-south deviation Δx and the east-west deviation Δy are:

Δx≈htanξ, Δy≈htanη;

In the formula, h is the projection height of the GNSS measurement results of the monitoring point projected onto the datum plane along the normal line, and ξ and η are the meridional and unitary components of the vertical deviation of the monitoring point, respectively.

The full English name of GNSS is Global Navigation Satellite System, and the Chinese meaning is Global Navigation Satellite System.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. The present invention adopts the fusion of multiple earth gravity field models or utilizes the regional quasi-geoid model to calculate the vertical line deviation of the monitoring point, and estimates the system deviation between the laser plumb instrument projection point and the GNSS measurement, so as to perform GNSS measurement results Correction to realize the verticality monitoring of super high-rise buildings. For the Guangzhou area, if the height of the building is less than 100m, the systematic deviation between the GNSS measurement results and the laser plumb meter projection results is less than 2mm in the north-south direction, and less than 3mm in the east-west direction; if the building height exceeds 100m, such as a super high-rise building of 400m , in which the systematic deviation between the GNSS measurement results and the laser plumb test results is about 7mm in the north-south direction, and about 14mm in the east-west direction. Such a large system deviation cannot be ignored in actual measurement. Different areas have different vertical line deviations. The method of the present invention can be used to first determine the size of the vertical line deviation in the area, and analyze its impact on GNSS measurement, so as to determine the verticality monitoring plan.

2. The present invention has good compatibility with the reference point. Since the construction first-level control network generally uses GNSS technology for surveying, the present invention directly performs GNSS observations on the first-level control points and monitoring points synchronously, and obtains the construction coordinates of the monitoring points through constrained adjustment, so it has good compatibility with the reference point.

3. The present invention can automatically and continuously observe with high precision. GNSS can continuously and automatically observe all-weather, and is less affected by external factors such as weather. The sampling rate can be set according to requirements, with high precision and no error accumulation.

4. The present invention is independent. Using GNSS technology to monitor the verticality of super high-rise buildings is an independent means of using different technologies, which can increase the credibility of super high-rise building construction verticality monitoring.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of monitoring points and reference points in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of GNSS measurement and laser plumb instrument projection according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the deviation between the GNSS measurement coordinates and the laser plumb instrument projection point coordinates according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a flowchart of an independent monitoring method for construction verticality of a super high-rise building according to the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Embodiment one

As shown in Fig. 4, a kind of independent monitoring method of verticality of super high-rise building construction comprises the steps of following sequence:

Step 1. Select a laser plumb instrument projection point on the monitoring layer of the super high-rise building as the monitoring point, and select N control points as reference points in the first-level control network of the super high-rise building, where N≥3;

Step 2, set up a GNSS receiver on the monitoring point and reference point selected in step 1 for static synchronous observation, and the synchronous observation time T≥24 hours;

Step 3, using the classic static baseline calculation mode to process the field observation data, taking the construction coordinates of the reference point as constraints, and obtaining the construction coordinates of the monitoring points through adjustment;

Step 4, calculate the vertical line deviation meridian component ξ and the unitary component η of the monitoring point by merging multiple earth gravity field models or by the regional quasi-geoid model;

Step 5, calculate the north-south direction deviation Δx and the east-west direction deviation Δy of the GNSS measurement and the laser plumb instrument throw point according to the vertical line deviation meridian component ξ and the unitary component η obtained in step 4;

Step 6: Use the north-south deviation Δx and east-west direction Δy of the system obtained in step 5 to correct the GNSS measurement coordinates, and then compare with the coordinates of the laser plumbometer to evaluate the construction verticality of super high-rise buildings.

The GNSS receiver is a multi-frequency multi-satellite GNSS receiver.

The multiple earth gravity field models include EGM2008 earth gravity field model and EIGEN-6C4 earth gravity field model.

In step 4, the vertical line deviation meridional component ξ and the unitary component η of the monitoring point are calculated by fusing multiple earth gravity field models, specifically: using multiple earth gravity field models to calculate the vertical line deviation of the monitoring point respectively, And calculate the accuracy of the vertical line deviation of the monitoring point according to the variance of the potential coefficient of each earth's gravity field model, and then obtain the final vertical line deviation of the monitoring point through weighted average, the calculation formula is:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&xi;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&xi;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}}{\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}}{\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

In the formula, _{ξi is the meridional component of the vertical deviation of the monitoring point calculated by using multiple earth gravitational field models; η i is the} vertical deviation of the monitoring point calculated by using multiple earth gravity field models; Weights computed for the variance of potential coefficients from multiple Earth gravitational field models.

In step 4, the vertical line deviation meridional component ξ and the unitary component η of the monitoring point are calculated by the regional quasi-geoid model, specifically: the elevation anomaly difference between each point is calculated by the regional quasi-geoid model, and then Calculate the vertical line deviation of the monitoring point.

In step 1, the monitoring layer of the super high-rise building is a staged construction top layer.

The reference points are N control points, and the positions of the control points comply with the provisions of the "Global Positioning System Measurement Specification". Specifically, it complies with the provisions of the Global Positioning System (GPS) Measurement Specifications (GB/T 18314-2009).

As shown in Figure 3, in step 5, the calculation formulas of the north-south deviation Δx and the east-west deviation Δy are:

Δx≈h tanξ, Δy≈h tanη;

In the formula, h is the projection height of the GNSS measurement results of the monitoring point projected onto the datum plane along the normal line, and ξ and η are the meridional and unitary components of the vertical deviation of the monitoring point, respectively.

Embodiment two

As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, the present embodiment provides an independent monitoring method utilizing GNSS technology to realize the verticality of super high-rise building construction, and the steps are as follows:

(a) On the super high-rise building monitoring layer, select a laser plumb meter projection point as the monitoring point, and select three control points with better air observation conditions in the super high-rise building's first-level control network as the benchmark point;

(b) Set up a GNSS receiver on the monitoring point and reference point selected in step (a) to carry out long-term static synchronous observation, requiring synchronous observation time ≥ 24 hours;

(c) Use the classic static baseline calculation mode to process the field observation data, and use the construction coordinates of the datum points as constraints to obtain the construction coordinates of the monitoring points through adjustment;

(d) Calculate the meridional component ξ and the unitary component η of the vertical deviation of the monitoring point by merging multiple earth gravity field models or through the regional quasi-geoid model;

(e) Calculate the systematic deviation Δx (north-south direction) and Δy (east-west direction) of the GNSS measurement result and the laser plumb instrument throwing point result according to the vertical line deviation meridional component ξ and the unitary component η calculated in (d);

(f) Use the system deviation Δx and Δy obtained in (e) to correct the GNSS measurement coordinates, and then compare them with the coordinates of the laser plumbometer to evaluate the construction verticality of super high-rise buildings.

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, Simplifications should be equivalent replacement methods, and all are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. an independent monitoring method of super high-rise building construction verticality, is characterized in that, comprises the step of following order: Step 1. Select a laser plumb instrument projection point on the monitoring layer of the super high-rise building as the monitoring point, and select N control points as reference points in the first-level control network of the super high-rise building, where N≥3; Step 2, set up a GNSS receiver on the monitoring point and reference point selected in step 1 for static synchronous observation, and the synchronous observation time T≥24 hours; Step 3, using the classic static baseline calculation mode to process the field observation data, taking the construction coordinates of the reference point as constraints, and obtaining the construction coordinates of the monitoring points through adjustment; Step 4, calculate the vertical line deviation meridian component ξ and the unitary component η of the monitoring point by merging multiple earth gravity field models or by the regional quasi-geoid model; Step 5, calculate the north-south direction deviation Δx and the east-west direction deviation Δy of the GNSS measurement and the laser plumb instrument throw point according to the vertical line deviation meridian component ξ and the unitary component η obtained in step 4; Step 6: Use the north-south deviation Δx and east-west direction Δy of the system obtained in step 5 to correct the GNSS measurement coordinates, and then compare with the coordinates of the laser plumbometer to evaluate the construction verticality of super high-rise buildings. 2. according to the independent monitoring method of the described super high-rise building construction verticality of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described GNSS receiver is multi-frequency multi-star GNSS receiver. 3. according to the independent monitoring method of the described super high-rise building construction verticality of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described multiple earth gravity field models comprise EGM2008 earth gravity field model, EIGEN-6C4 earth gravity field model. 4. according to the independent monitoring method of the described super high-rise building construction verticality of claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 4, described by fusing a plurality of earth's gravitational field models to calculate the vertical line deviation meridian component ξ of monitoring point and The unitary component η, specifically: use multiple earth gravity field models to calculate the vertical line deviation of the monitoring point respectively, and calculate the accuracy of the vertical line deviation of the monitoring point according to the variance of the potential coefficient of each earth gravity field model, and then obtain the monitoring point by weighted average The final vertical deviation of the point, its calculation formula is: $\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&xi;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&xi;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}}{\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}}{\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$ In the formula, _{ξi is the meridional component of the vertical deviation of the monitoring point calculated by using multiple earth gravitational field models; η i is the} vertical deviation of the monitoring point calculated by using multiple earth gravity field models; Weights computed for the variance of potential coefficients from multiple Earth gravitational field models. 5. according to the independent monitoring method of the described super high-rise building construction verticality of claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 4, the described vertical line deviation meridional component ξ and 90 of calculating monitoring point by the regional quasi-geoid model The unitary component η is specifically: using the regional quasi-geoid model to calculate the elevation anomaly difference between each point, and then deduce the vertical line deviation of the monitoring point. 6. according to the independent monitoring method of super high-rise building construction verticality described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 1, described super high-rise building monitoring layer is the phased construction top floor. 7. according to the independent monitoring method of the verticality of super high-rise building construction described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described datum point is N control points, and the point position of control point meets the regulation of " global positioning system measurement standard ". 8. according to the independent monitoring method of super high-rise building construction verticality described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 5, the calculation formula of described north-south direction deviation Δx and east-west direction deviation Δy is: Δx≈h tanξ, Δy≈h tanη; In the formula, h is the projection height of the GNSS measurement results of the monitoring point projected onto the datum plane along the normal line, and ξ and η are the meridional and unitary components of the vertical deviation of the monitoring point, respectively.