CN106123793A - A kind of portable optical interferometric method sphere diameter sphericity fast detector - Google Patents

Abstract

A portable optical interferometry spherical diameter and sphericity rapid detector, including a hand-held measuring head, a host computer and a display; the front end of the hand-held measuring head is a reference optical glass sample, and the surrounding is illuminated by monochromatic light. When testing, the reference optical glass sample is Fitted with the measured ball or bowl parts, the interference fringe pattern generated by the ball diameter difference is imaged and output by the CCD system. Interference fringes are image processed and calculated, and the display outputs the spherical diameter and sphericity value and the simplified interference fringe pattern. The invention is easy to carry and flexible to use, can realize on-line detection during part processing, and greatly improves the detection efficiency of high-precision spherical parts.

Description

A Portable Optical Interferometry Spherical Rapid Detector

technical field

The invention relates to machining and measuring industries. Specifically, it is a device capable of conveniently, rapidly and accurately detecting the spherical diameter and degree of spherical parts.

Background technique

The final accuracy of high-precision spherical parts (including balls and bowls) is achieved by ball grinding machine or manual lapping. At present, the production efficiency of such parts is low, and one of the important reasons is the low detection efficiency. In order to realize micron or submicron sphere diameter and sphericity detection, high-precision optical compound three-coordinate instrument and roundness instrument are used in engineering to complete. When using these equipment to test the ball diameter and sphericity, there are the following disadvantages: 1. The parts to be tested need to be removed from the processing equipment and sent to the above-mentioned testing equipment for testing. If the size is required, it needs to be installed back on the processing equipment to continue processing; 2. The detection value is an approximate value, because the accuracy of the part is close to the accuracy of the equipment, and it is a multi-point fitting value; 3. The detection process takes a long time and consumes a lot of equipment resources; 4 .It needs to rely on the cooperation of professional and skilled personnel. Obviously, this detection method is cumbersome, time-consuming, and inefficient, which greatly restricts production efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a portable optical interferometry rapid detection instrument for spherical diameter and sphericity, which can realize online rapid detection of the spherical diameter and sphericity of spherical parts during processing.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

A portable optical interferometry spherical diameter and sphericity rapid detector, including a hand-held measuring head, a host and a display; the hand-held measuring head is composed of a reference optical glass sample, a laser lighting system, an imaging system and a button switch; the reference optical glass sample is inserted in the On the light-transmitting sleeve, it is located at the front end of the hand-held measuring head. The purpose is to facilitate the quick replacement of reference optical glass samples with different spherical diameters and to be in contact with the spherical parts to be tested; the laser lighting system provides laser monochromatic light illumination for the reference optical glass samples. , the laser monochromatic light is introduced from the emitting end through the whole body bright fiber, and the whole body bright fiber is wound on the light sleeve to realize the illumination of the reference optical glass sample; the button switch is used to control the laser lighting system Laser monochromatic light illumination; behind the reference optical glass sample is an imaging system, the imaging system images the interference fringe image generated by the spherical diameter difference between the reference optical glass sample and the measured part, and the imaged image is sent to the host The image processor, the spherical diameter and sphericity value of the measured spherical part calculated by the image processor through image processing and software, is output on the display.

The image processor also directly outputs the simplified interference fringe pattern on the display after image processing and software calculation.

The imaging system is composed of a lens and a CCD assembly. There is a focusing knob at the end to adjust the distance between the CCD and the lens to achieve focusing.

The principle of the present invention: a portable optical interferometry sphericity rapid detector, including a hand-held probe, a host and a display; the hand-held probe is composed of a reference optical glass model, a laser lighting system, an imaging system and a button switch; The glass sample is inserted on the optical sleeve and is located at the front end of the hand-held probe. The purpose is to facilitate the quick replacement of reference optical glass samples with different spherical diameters and to be in contact with the measured part; the laser lighting system provides laser light for the reference optical glass sample. Monochromatic light illumination improves the clarity of interference fringes. The laser monochromatic light is introduced from the emission end through the whole body bright fiber, and the whole body bright fiber is wound on the light sleeve to realize the reference optical glass sample Illuminated; the button switch is used to control the laser monochromatic light illumination of the laser lighting system to save power; the imaging system is behind the reference optical glass sample, and the imaging system produces the difference in spherical diameter between the reference optical glass sample and the measured part. Interference fringe image imaging, the imaged image is sent to the image processor in the host computer, the processed interference fringe pattern and the calculated spherical diameter and sphericity value of the measured spherical part are output on the display.

The advantages of the present invention are:

(1) The present invention directly displays the sphere diameter and sphericity values. In addition, the interference fringes after simplified processing are concise, intuitive, and easy to understand, which is conducive to the analysis and judgment of spherical appearance errors, and gets rid of the dependence on high-precision three-coordinate instruments and roundness instruments;

(2) The detection precision of the present invention is high. The laser monochromatic light of the present invention introduces the laser from the emitting end through the whole-body bright optical fiber, and winds the whole-body bright optical fiber on the light-transparent sleeve to realize the illumination of the reference optical glass sample and reflect the spherical diameter and sphericity. The interference fringe pattern is based on the monochromatic light wavelength unit (nanoscale), so the detection accuracy is high.

(3) The integrated design of the present invention is small in size, light in weight, easy to carry and flexible to use, and can realize on-line detection during part processing, greatly improving the detection efficiency of parts.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention, wherein 1 is a hand-held measuring head, 2 is a host computer, and 3 is a display.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the hand-held measuring head 1, in which: 4 is a reference optical glass sample, 5 is a front sleeve, 6 is a steel ball, 7 is an elastic pressure ring, 8 is a transparent sleeve, 9 is a whole-body light-emitting optical fiber, 10 11 is the laser module, 12 is the button switch, 13 is the main casing; 14 is the lens, 15 is the CCD, 16 is the CCD sleeve, 17 is the top wire, 18 is the tail sleeve; 19 is Focusing base, 20 is a thread suspension block, 21 is a focusing button, and 22 is a top wire.

detailed description

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1 , a portable optical interferometry sphericity rapid detector of the present invention includes a hand-held probe 1 , a host 2 and a display 3 .

As shown in Figure 2, the reference optical glass sample 4 at the front end of the hand-held measuring head 1 is inserted into the front sleeve 5, and is fixed by the elastic bead mechanism composed of the steel ball 6 and the elastic pressure ring 7, which can prevent the reference optical glass sample 4 from Loose, and can realize the rapid replacement of reference optical glass samples 4 with different spherical diameters; the whole body light-emitting optical fiber 9 is wound between the light-transmitting sleeve 8 and the front-end sleeve 5, and the other end of the whole-body light-emitting optical fiber 9 passes through the fiber guide tube 10 Aim at the laser emission port of the laser module 11 to form a laser lighting system, and the button switch 12 is used to control the laser lighting; there is a lens 14 behind the reference optical glass model 4, which forms an imaging system with the CCD15 behind it, and the CCD15 is fixed on the CCD sleeve In 16, the CCD sleeve 16 is positioned by the four top screws 17 on the main housing 13, and the precise positioning of the center of the CCD15 screen can be realized by fine-tuning the top screws 17; 1. The focus adjustment knob 21 constitutes the focus adjustment mechanism, the focus adjustment base 19 is fixed on the tail end of the main housing 13 by the top screw 22, the focus adjustment knob 21 and the focus adjustment base 19 are rotatable connection structures, the focus adjustment knob 21 and the thread suspension Block 20 is the meshing relationship, and the focus knob 21 is rotated to adjust the threaded suspension block 20 to advance or retreat, and the threaded suspension block 20 is fixedly connected with the lead of the CCD15, so the adjustment of the CCD15 position is realized by adjusting the threaded suspension block 20 ( i.e. focusing). The above structure has the advantages of simplicity and high adjustment accuracy.

When in use, press the button switch 12, the laser module 11 emits laser monochromatic light, the laser is introduced through the whole body light-emitting optical fiber 9, illuminates the light-transmitting sleeve 8, and provides monochromatic light illumination for the reference optical glass sample 4.

During detection, the reference optical glass sample 4 is bonded to the spherical surface of the measured spherical part, and the interference fringe image generated by the spherical diameter difference between the two is imaged on the CCD15 through the lens 14, and the image information is transmitted to the image processor, and the image processing program The collected image is grayscaled, denoised, and edge detected, and the boundary of the interference fringe is extracted, and then the radius parameters of each interference fringe are obtained through the Hough transform. Finally, according to the correlation between the measured spherical part and the radius of the interference fringe The formula calculates the spherical diameter sphericity value, and outputs the spherical diameter sphericity value and the simplified interference fringe figure on the display 2.

The host computer contains PC104 embedded motherboard image processing module, MATLAB-based GUI image processing program, several DC/DC step-down modules and power supplies, and the DC/DC step-down modules provide different voltages for laser modules, CCD components and displays , the total voltage is 12V, powered by a rechargeable lithium battery.

The present invention is not described in detail and belongs to the known technology in the art.

Claims (3)

1. A portable optical interferometry spherical diameter and sphericity rapid detector is characterized in that: it comprises a hand-held measuring head, a host computer and a display; the hand-holding measuring head is made of a reference optical glass template, a laser lighting system, an imaging system and a button switch; the reference The optical glass sample is inserted on the light-transmitting sleeve and is located at the front end of the hand-held probe. The purpose is to facilitate the quick replacement of reference optical glass samples with different spherical diameters and to contact with the spherical parts to be tested; the laser lighting system is the reference optical glass sample. Provide laser monochromatic light illumination. The laser monochromatic light is introduced from the emitting end through the whole body bright fiber, and the whole body bright fiber is wound on the light sleeve to realize the illumination of the reference optical glass sample; button switch It is used to control the laser monochromatic light illumination of the laser lighting system; the imaging system is behind the reference optical glass sample, and the imaging system images the interference fringe image generated by the spherical diameter difference between the reference optical glass sample and the measured part. The image is sent to the image processor in the host, and the image processor calculates the spherical diameter and sphericity value of the measured spherical part through image processing and software, and outputs it on the display. 2. The portable optical interferometry sphericity rapid detector according to claim 1, further characterized in that: the image processor directly outputs the simplified interference fringe pattern on the display after image processing and software calculation. 3. The portable optical interferometry spherical diameter and sphericity rapid detector according to claim 1, further characterized in that: the imaging system is composed of a lens and a CCD assembly, and there is a focusing knob at the tail end to adjust the distance between the CCD and the lens. distance to achieve focus.