CN106145463A - 一种化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法 - Google Patents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B25/00—Obtaining tin
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- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法，废镀液加入氧化剂搅拌静置，取其上清液，检测上清液中的锡离子浓度；过滤，滤渣送到锡泥处理厂提锡；滤液电解阴极析铜，电解过后的镀液检测其铜离子的浓度；然后再将其排放到污水处理站与酸性污水一起处理。本发明提供的化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法，不仅回收了铜、锡重金属，还解决了废镀液难处理、容易造成环境污染的问题，具有双重的经济效益和环境效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法，属于废液处理重金属回收技术领域。
背景技术
目前镀锡青铜合金的镀液中，镀高锡溶液中锡离子的含量在0.7-1.0g/L，铜离子的含量在5g/L左右，而且为了让铜锡离子共沉积，镀液中添加了多种配位剂。若就让这样的废液排放到废水处理厂，显然常规废水处理方法不行。若要使用分步电解提取溶液中的铜锡金属，由于其溶液中配位剂的存在，使其铜锡电位相差较小，此方法不能达到分离效果。对于这种含有贵金属的废液，就需要寻找可行的处理方法。
发明内容
目的：为了克服现有技术中存在的不足，本发明提供一种化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法。
技术方案：为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：
一种化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：废镀液加入氧化剂搅拌静置，取其上清液，检测上清液中的锡离子浓度；过滤，滤渣送到锡泥处理厂提锡；滤液电解阴极析铜，电解过后的镀液检测其铜离子的浓度；然后再将其排放到污水处理站与酸性污水一起处理；具体如下：
1）废镀液中加氧化剂搅拌静置；
2）取上清夜检测上清液中的锡离子浓度，至锡离子浓度≤0.1g/L，结束静置；
3）过滤，滤渣送到锡泥处理厂提锡，滤液通过电解阴极析铜；
4）检测电解过后的溶液铜离子浓度，至铜离子浓度≤0.1g/L，结束电解；
5）取出阴极铜，溶液送到污水处理厂与酸性溶液一起处理。
所述的化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法，其特征在于：所述氧化剂可以是空气、氧气、或双氧水的一种或几种。
所述的化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法，其特征在于：静置过后的废镀液取其上清液，用化学滴定法（碘滴定法）检测其上清液中的锡离子浓度，当其锡离子浓度≤0.1g/L时，方可进行下一步操作。
所述的化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法，其特征在于：滤液电解阴极析铜，阳极采用铂电极，阴极采用铜电极，电流密度为195-210A/m2，电压为0.3-0.5V，温度为常温，搅拌速度为200-300r/min。
所述的化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法，其特征在于：电解过后的镀液，用化学滴定法（硫代硫酸钠还原滴定）检测铜离子的浓度，当铜离子浓度≤0.1g/L时，方可进行下一步操作。
作为优选方案，所述的化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法，其特征在于：所述过滤采用压滤机压滤的方法进行。
有益效果：本发明提供的化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法，采用向镀液中加入氧化剂的方法使溶液中的锡离子氧化沉淀，从而使溶液中的锡、铜离子分离；氧化剂为氧气、双氧水，不会给溶液中带来其他杂质离子；溶液中铜、锡离子的检测使用化学还原滴定法，该方法简单、快速、准确。本发明的处理方法简化了废镀液的处理步骤，不仅回收了铜、锡重金属，还解决了废镀液难处理、容易造成环境污染的问题，具有双重的经济效益和环境效益。
附图说明
图1为本发明的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作更进一步的说明。
如图1所示，一种化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法，采取以下处理过程：废镀液加入氧化剂搅拌静置，取其上清液，检测溶液中的锡离子浓度；随后过滤，其滤渣送到锡泥处理厂进行提锡处理；其滤液通过电解阴极析铜的方法回收金属铜；电解过后的镀液检测其铜离子的浓度；然后再将其排放到污水处理站与其他酸性污水一起处理。具体步骤如下：
1.废镀液中加氧化剂搅拌静置；
2.取上清夜检测上清液中的锡离子浓度，检测值必须使锡离子浓度≤0.1g/L；
3.过滤上述溶液，滤渣送到锡泥处理厂提锡，滤液通过电解阴极析铜；
4.电解过后的溶液检测其铜离子浓度，检测值必须使铜离子浓度≤0.1g/L；
5.取出阴极铜，溶液送到污水处理厂与酸性溶液一起处理。
实施例1:
取化镀锡青铜合金废镀液500ml，其镀液中含铜离子浓度为5.8g/L、锡离子的浓度为0.85g/L、硫酸浓度为27g/L、溶液中还含有多种离子添加剂。
向所取溶液中加入40ml双氧水，充分搅拌后静置3小时，取上清液10ml，用碘滴定法测得上清液中锡离子的浓度为0.03g/L；将静置后的溶液过滤，滤液进行电解阴极析铜:阳极采用铂电极，阴极采用铜片做电极，电流密度为200 A/m2,电压为0.4V，温度为常温，搅拌速度为200-300r/min，电解1小时；取电解后溶液10ml，用硫代硫酸钠滴定检测得溶液中铜离子的浓度为0.08g/L，随后将溶液排放到污水处理站。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出：对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：废镀液加入氧化剂搅拌静置，取其上清液，检测上清液中的锡离子浓度；过滤，滤渣送到锡泥处理厂提锡；滤液电解阴极析铜，电解过后的镀液检测其铜离子的浓度；然后再将其排放到污水处理站与酸性污水一起处理；具体如下：
1）废镀液中加氧化剂搅拌静置；
2）取上清夜检测上清液中的锡离子浓度，至锡离子浓度≤0.1g/L，结束静置；
3）过滤，滤渣送到锡泥处理厂提锡，滤液通过电解阴极析铜；
4）检测电解过后的溶液铜离子浓度，至铜离子浓度≤0.1g/L，结束电解；
5）取出阴极铜，溶液送到污水处理厂与酸性溶液一起处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法，其特征在于：所述氧化剂可以是空气、氧气、或双氧水的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法，其特征在于：静置过后的废镀液取其上清液，用化学滴定法检测其上清液中的锡离子浓度，当其锡离子浓度≤0.1g/L时，方可进行下一步操作。
4.根据权利要求3所述的化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法，其特征在于：用碘滴定法检测其上清液中的锡离子浓度。
5.根据权利要求1所述的化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法，其特征在于：滤液电解阴极析铜，阳极采用铂电极，阴极采用铜电极，电流密度为195-210A/m2，电压为0.3-0.5V，温度为常温，搅拌速度为200-300r/min。
6.根据权利要求1所述的化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法，其特征在于：电解过后的镀液，用化学滴定法检测铜离子的浓度，当铜离子浓度≤0.1g/L时，方可进行下一步操作。
7.根据权利要求6所述的化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法，其特征在于：用硫代硫酸钠还原滴定检测铜离子的浓度。
8.根据权利要求1所述的化镀锡青铜合金废镀液的处理方法，其特征在于：所述过滤采用压滤机压滤的方法进行。
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107500436A (zh) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-12-22 | 张家港市亚亨金属制品有限公司 | 一种含铜、镍离子废镀液的处理方法 |
| CN119534745A (zh) * | 2024-11-04 | 2025-02-28 | 合肥颀材科技有限公司 | 一种镀锡液中防止锡离子干扰铜离子的自动滴定分析方法 |
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| CN119534745A (zh) * | 2024-11-04 | 2025-02-28 | 合肥颀材科技有限公司 | 一种镀锡液中防止锡离子干扰铜离子的自动滴定分析方法 |
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