CN106160271A - Three-phase motor stator structure and coil winding method thereof - Google Patents
Three-phase motor stator structure and coil winding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明是一种三相马达定子结构及其线圈绕线方法，尤其指一种组合式的定子结构及其导线绕设线圈的方法。The invention relates to a three-phase motor stator structure and a coil winding method thereof, in particular to a combined stator structure and a coil winding method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
三相马达的应用是具有体积小、成本低廉，又具有噪音小、效率较佳、电流较低的优点，因此三相马达的适用范围极为广泛。The application of the three-phase motor has the advantages of small size, low cost, low noise, better efficiency, and low current. Therefore, the application range of the three-phase motor is extremely wide.
在公知三相马达的结构中，主要包括有定子及其线圈绕线和转子所构成，一直以来在大部份的定子设计中都是采用极臂环形排列的组件(硅钢片)堆叠成定子，因此在绕线的需求上就必须于极臂间所构成的内环部预留对应的沟槽，以供导线(漆包线)经由各个沟槽针对所需的极臂位置进行线圈绕线，所以一直以来公知定子的线圈绕线较为困难，而且沟槽的设计会产生漏磁现象。为此，在公知技术中已有组合式定子的结构创作改良，可针对极臂的线圈绕线型式提供简化的目的(组成后的定子内环仍是预留了沟槽而有漏磁现象)，或者将沟槽预留于定子的外环部以降低漏磁现象，可是如此一来不仅定子的结构强度会受到影响，致使定子受磁力影响变形而产生震动、噪音。In the structure of the known three-phase motor, it mainly includes the stator, its coil winding and the rotor. In most stator designs, the components (silicon steel sheets) arranged in a circle with the pole arms are stacked to form the stator. Therefore, in terms of winding requirements, it is necessary to reserve corresponding grooves in the inner ring formed between the pole arms for the wire (enameled wire) to carry out coil winding for the required pole arm positions through each groove, so it has been It is known that winding the coils of the stator is relatively difficult, and the design of the grooves will cause magnetic flux leakage. For this reason, there has been a structural improvement of the combined stator in the known technology, which can provide the purpose of simplifying the coil winding pattern of the pole arm (the inner ring of the stator after the composition is still reserved with grooves and has magnetic flux leakage phenomenon) , or reserve grooves in the outer ring of the stator to reduce magnetic flux leakage, but in this way not only the structural strength of the stator will be affected, but also the stator will be deformed by the magnetic force and generate vibration and noise.
另又，由于大部份的定子都是采用极臂环形排列的组件(硅钢片)堆叠成定子，在生产过程中的材料尺寸需求较大，而且必须选用较大冲床及模具方可完成完整的组件，使得在投资的机具设备成本也必须相对提高。而在线圈绕线方式中无论采用二层、三层或四层同心绕均采单层绕组或双层绕组的公知技艺而已，因此三相马达的效能也一直都局限在公知范围中而无法突破。In addition, because most of the stators are stacked by the components (silicon steel sheets) arranged in the pole arm ring, the material size requirement in the production process is relatively large, and a large punch and mold must be used to complete the complete Components, so that the cost of investment equipment must also be relatively increased. In the coil winding method, no matter whether two-layer, three-layer or four-layer concentric winding is used, the known technology of single-layer winding or double-layer winding is only used. Therefore, the performance of three-phase motors has always been limited to the known range and cannot be broken through. .
本发明人鉴于上述的各项缺失，深觉公知三相马达的定子结构及其线圈绕线方法都有待改良、克服，因此遂以其多年从事马达研发、创作的经验，积极开发改良新技艺，在各方条件的审慎考虑下，终于开创出本发明的设计，将可完全解决公知的各项问题。In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies, the inventor is deeply aware that the stator structure of the three-phase motor and its coil winding method need to be improved and overcome. Therefore, with its many years of experience in motor research and development and creation, it actively develops and improves new techniques. Under careful consideration of various conditions, the design of the present invention has finally been created, which can completely solve known problems.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种三相马达定子结构。The object of the present invention is to provide a three-phase motor stator structure.
本发明的又一目的是提供一种三相马达定子线圈绕线方法。Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for winding stator coils of a three-phase motor.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供的三相马达定子结构，主要该定子是由复数等分的极臂单体卡掣结合而成，该极臂单体是由复数薄片状的弧工形极臂堆叠成型，其两两弧工形极臂两侧之间为相互对合的卡掣结构，经由各极臂单体予以绕线完成后，使结合后的定子内、外环部完全闭合成圆形，其中第一、二、三导线是各分别以正向绕设第一极臂单体及间隔120度、240度的极臂单体后，再令第一、二、三导线末端各别以反向绕设其对边极臂单体，将第一、二、三导线出线端接合，而以第一、二、三导线入线端接设电源，因此在实施后将可提供下述的效能：In order to achieve the above object, the stator structure of the three-phase motor provided by the present invention is mainly composed of a plurality of equally divided pole arm monomers snapped together. It is stacked and formed, and the two sides of the arc-shaped pole arms are engaged with each other. After the winding of each pole arm is completed, the inner and outer rings of the combined stator are completely closed into a circle. shape, wherein the first, second, and third wires are respectively wound around the first pole arm monomer and the pole arm monomers with an interval of 120 degrees and 240 degrees in the forward direction, and then the ends of the first, second, and third wires are respectively Wind the pole arm on the opposite side in reverse, connect the outlet ends of the first, second, and third wires, and connect the wires with the first, second, and third wires to connect the power supply, so the following will be provided after implementation The efficacy of:
由于本发明的定子结构是以复数等分的极臂单体卡掣结合而成，该极臂单体是由复数薄片状的弧工形极臂堆叠成型，且两两弧工形极臂两侧之间为相互对合的卡掣结构，使结合后的定子内、外环部完全闭合成圆形，因此不仅在制造上的材料尺寸需求较小而可节省成本，且完成后的定子内、外环部完全闭合成圆形而具有较高的结合强度，并可以完全解决漏磁现象。Since the stator structure of the present invention is formed by combining a plurality of equally divided pole arm monomers, the pole arm monomer is formed by stacking a plurality of sheet-shaped arc-shaped pole arms, and two arc-shaped pole arms are stacked. The two sides are engaged with each other, so that the inner and outer rings of the combined stator are completely closed into a circle, so not only the material size requirement in manufacturing is small and the cost can be saved, but also the inner and outer rings of the stator are completed. , The outer ring part is completely closed into a circle and has high bonding strength, and can completely solve the phenomenon of magnetic flux leakage.
本发明的定子可经由各极臂单体予以绕线完成后，再经由两两极臂单体间相互对合的卡掣结构予以卡掣结合，因此针对极臂单体的线圈绕线十分简单，也可避免公知绕线过程的导线必须通过沟槽而导致意外磨损的风险。The stator of the present invention can be wound through each pole arm monomer, and then snapped and combined through the locking structure between the two pole arm monomers, so the coil winding for the pole arm monomer is very simple. It also avoids the risk of unintentional wear of the wires of known winding processes having to pass through the grooves.
本发明的三相马达线圈绕线是令第一、二、三导线各分别以正向绕设第一极臂单体及间隔120度、240度的极臂单体后，再令第一、二、三导线末端各分别以反向绕设其对边极臂单体，将第一、二、三导线出线端接合，再以第一、二、三导线入线端接设电源即可，不仅绕线方法简单而具有效能，并且可将单相交流电的两电源线分别连接第一、二导线入线端，再以电容的两端分别连接单相交流电的一电源线及第三导线入线端，促使电容产生的分相以相位差驱动三相马达。The winding of the three-phase motor coil of the present invention is to make the first, second, and third conductors respectively wind the first pole arm monomer and the pole arm monomers with an interval of 120 degrees and 240 degrees in the forward direction, and then make the first, second, and third conductors The ends of the second and third wires are respectively wound in opposite directions to the pole arm monomer on the opposite side, and the outlet ends of the first, second, and third wires are connected, and then the first, second, and third wires are connected to the wire terminals to set the power supply. Not only is the winding method simple and efficient, but also the two power lines of the single-phase AC can be connected to the first and second lead-in terminals respectively, and then the two ends of the capacitor can be respectively connected to the first power line and the third lead-in of the single-phase AC. The line end drives the three-phase motor with the phase difference generated by the phase separation generated by the capacitor.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的弧工形极臂结构参考图。Fig. 1 is a reference diagram of the arc-shaped pole arm structure of the present invention.
图2是本发明的定子结构参考图。Fig. 2 is a reference diagram of the stator structure of the present invention.
图3是本发明的定子结构组成图。Fig. 3 is a structural composition diagram of the stator of the present invention.
图4是本发明的定子线圈绕线示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of stator coil winding in the present invention.
图5是本发明另一线圈绕线参考示意图。FIG. 5 is a reference schematic diagram of another coil winding of the present invention.
图6是本发明再一线圈绕线参考示意图。FIG. 6 is a reference schematic diagram of yet another coil winding of the present invention.
附图中符号说明Explanation of symbols in the drawings
1定子，11极臂单体，111弧工形极臂，112卡掣结构，113孔，114固定夹槽，12内环部，13外环部，2螺丝，10第一导线，20第二导线，30第三导线。1 stator, 11 single pole arm, 111 arc-shaped pole arm, 112 locking structure, 113 hole, 114 fixing clip groove, 12 inner ring part, 13 outer ring part, 2 screws, 10 first wire, 20 second wire, 30 third wire.
具体实施方式detailed description
为能确实明了本发明的结构组成、方法及其所能达成的功能效益，以下配合附图列举实施例作详细说明。In order to clearly understand the structural composition, method and the functional benefits that can be achieved by the present invention, the following examples will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
本发明是一种三相马达定子结构，主要该定子1是由复数等分的极臂单体11卡掣结合而成，该极臂单体11是由复数薄片状的弧工形极臂111堆叠成型(如图1、图2所示)，其两两弧工形极臂111两侧之间为相互对合的卡掣结构112(弧工形极臂111的内、外弧端两侧的卡掣结构112，在实际制作上可仅于内弧端或外弧端的两侧设置即可达成卡掣结合的目的，但以外弧端设置卡掣结构112较佳)，可经由各极臂单体11予以绕线完成后，使结合成的定子1内、外环部12、13完全闭合成圆形。The present invention is a stator structure of a three-phase motor. The stator 1 is mainly composed of a plurality of equally divided pole arm monomers 11 snapped together. Stacking and forming (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2), the two sides of the arc-shaped pole arms 111 are interlocking structures 112 (both sides of the inner and outer arc ends of the arc-shaped pole arms 111 The latching structure 112 can only be arranged on both sides of the inner arc end or the outer arc end in actual production to achieve the purpose of latching combination, but it is better to set the latching structure 112 at the outer arc end), which can be passed through each pole arm After the winding of the monomer 11 is completed, the inner and outer ring parts 12 and 13 of the combined stator 1 are completely closed to form a circle.
经由上述本发明的设计可知，由于两两弧工形极臂111的两侧之间具有相互对合的卡掣结构112设计(卡掣结构112的形状并不限定，以能够相互对合后形成嵌卡即可)，因此每一极臂单体11经由弧工形极臂111堆叠成型后(堆叠的数量是由三相马达的设计需求所决定)，即可进行导线(漆包线)的线圈绕线，待各极臂单体11经由线圈绕线完成后，就可把各极臂单体11之间由卡掣结构112予以结合成一预定圆形尺寸的定子1结构，且由于各弧工形极臂111两侧之间相互对合，所以可以构成定子1内、外环部12、13完全结合、闭合并保持真圆的结构状态(如图3所示)，不仅可以有效强化定子1的结构稳定性，而且完全封闭的内、外环部12、13可以解决漏磁现象。Through the design of the present invention described above, it can be seen that since the two sides of the two arc-shaped pole arms 111 have the design of the latching structure 112 that engages with each other (the shape of the latching structure 112 is not limited, so that it can be formed after being aligned with each other) Therefore, after each pole arm unit 11 is stacked and formed by arc-shaped pole arms 111 (the number of stacks is determined by the design requirements of the three-phase motor), the coil winding of the wire (enameled wire) can be carried out. line, after each pole arm monomer 11 is completed by coil winding, the pole arm monomer 11 can be combined into a stator 1 structure with a predetermined circular size by the latch structure 112, and because each arc shape The two sides of the pole arm 111 are joined to each other, so the inner and outer ring parts 12, 13 of the stator 1 can be completely combined, closed and kept in a true circular structural state (as shown in FIG. 3 ), which can not only effectively strengthen the structure of the stator 1 The structure is stable, and the completely closed inner and outer ring parts 12 and 13 can solve the phenomenon of magnetic flux leakage.
另又，本发明弧工形极臂111于一侧的卡掣结构112处是连设有孔113，可在弧工形极臂111堆叠成极臂单体11予以组成定子1后，供螺丝2予以穿置孔113而螺固，令定子1的各极臂单体11之间稳固结合，达到定子1强度的强化效果。In addition, the arc-shaped pole arm 111 of the present invention is provided with a hole 113 at the locking structure 112 on one side. After the arc-shaped pole arm 111 is stacked into a pole arm unit 11 to form the stator 1, the screw can be used. 2 is screwed through the hole 113, so that the pole arm monomers 11 of the stator 1 are firmly combined to achieve the strengthening effect of the strength of the stator 1.
再者，本发明弧工形极臂111的外弧端是开设有固定夹槽114，可组成极臂单体11后供绕线机夹置固定，以利进行线圈绕线。Furthermore, the outer arc end of the arc-shaped pole arm 111 of the present invention is provided with a fixing clip groove 114, which can form a pole arm unit 11 and then be clamped and fixed by a winding machine to facilitate coil winding.
本发明的三相马达定子线圈绕线方法，包括有复数等分极臂单体11的定子1，令第一、二、三导线10、20、30各分别以正向绕设第一极臂单体11及间隔120度、240度的极臂单体11后(如图4所示，以公知的六槽定子为例，以任一极臂单体11为第一极臂单体11)，再令第一、二、三导线10、20、30末端各别以反向绕设其对边极臂单体11，续将第一、二、三导线10、20、30出线端接合，而以第一、二、三导线10、20、30入线端接设电源。可使每一导线有效地利用所有的极臂单体11以在通电后产生最大的激磁效应，使其所产生的磁力强度更强，以增进该定子1与转子之间的驱动效率。The three-phase motor stator coil winding method of the present invention includes a stator 1 with a plurality of equally divided pole arm monomers 11, so that the first, second, and third conductors 10, 20, and 30 are respectively wound in the first pole arm in the forward direction. Behind the monomer 11 and the pole arm monomer 11 at intervals of 120 degrees and 240 degrees (as shown in Figure 4, taking the known six-slot stator as an example, any pole arm monomer 11 is the first pole arm monomer 11) , then make the ends of the first, second, and third wires 10, 20, and 30 respectively wind their opposite-side pole arm monomers 11 in opposite directions, and continue to join the outlet ends of the first, second, and third wires 10, 20, and 30, And set the power supply with the first, second and third wires 10, 20, 30 into the wire termination. All the pole arm monomers 11 can be effectively used by each wire to generate the maximum excitation effect after being energized, so that the generated magnetic force is stronger, so as to improve the driving efficiency between the stator 1 and the rotor.
续，以本发明上述的方法绕线于十二槽定子1时(如图5所示，或更多槽数定子时，亦可以上述的方法类推至廿四槽以上的定子1，并衍生出以下两种线圈绕线方法)，同样可由任一极臂单体11为第一极臂单体11(例如以时钟方向六点钟方向为第一极臂单体11)，此时令一条第一导线10正向绕设第一极臂单体11后的末端反向绕设其对边极臂单体11(十二点钟方向)，再以第二条第一导线10正向绕设五点钟方向极臂单体11后的导线末端反向绕设其对边极臂单体11(十一点钟方向)，令两条第一导线10入线端、出线端各别接合(电性连接)，而各两条第二、三导线20、30同样以间隔120度、240度的极臂单体11、其对边极臂单体11及侧边极臂单体11进行正、反向绕线，及入线端、出线端各别接合，同样可在全部出线端接合后，以第一、二、三导线10、20、30入线端接设电源。Continuing, when the above-mentioned method of the present invention is wound on the twelve-slot stator 1 (as shown in Figure 5, or when the stator has more slots, the above-mentioned method can also be analogized to the stator 1 with more than twenty-four slots, and derive The following two coil winding methods) can also be the first pole arm monomer 11 by any pole arm monomer 11 (for example, the first pole arm monomer 11 is the first pole arm monomer 11 in the six o'clock direction of the clock direction). Conductive wire 10 forwardly winds the end after the first pole arm monomer 11 and reversely winds its opposite side pole arm monomer 11 (twelve o'clock direction), and then forwardly winds five pole arm monomers with the second first wire 10 The wire end behind the pole arm monomer 11 in the o'clock direction reversely winds its opposite side pole arm monomer 11 (11 o'clock direction), so that the two first wires 10 lead-in ends and lead-out ends are respectively joined (electrically sexual connection), and each two second and third conductors 20, 30 are equally positive and negative with the pole arm monomer 11 at intervals of 120 degrees and 240 degrees, its opposite side pole arm monomer 11 and side pole arm monomer 11. Reverse winding, and wire-in end, wire-out end joint respectively, can be after all wire-out end joints equally, set power supply with first, second, third lead wire 10,20,30 wire-in end connections.
再者，上述本发明方法绕线于十二槽定子1的另一种方法，亦可由任一极臂单体11为第一极臂单体11(如图6所示，例如以时钟方向六点钟方向为第一极臂单体11)，令第一导线10正向绕设第一极臂单体11后的末端反向绕设其对边极臂单体11(十二点钟方向)而拉出导线末端，令导线末端再正向绕设五点钟方向极臂单体11后复以反向绕设其对边极臂单体11(十一点钟方向)后形成出线端，而第二、三导线20、30以同样方法在间隔120度、240度的极臂单体11、其对边极臂单体11及侧边极臂单体11进行往复正、反向绕线即可，此时再把第一、二、三导线10、20、30的出线端接合，而以第一、二、三导线10、20、30入线端接设电源即可完成(此线圈绕线方法的三相马达较省电、扭力低)。Moreover, the above-mentioned method of the present invention is another kind of method of winding in the twelve-slot stator 1, and any one pole arm monomer 11 can also be the first pole arm monomer 11 (as shown in FIG. The o'clock direction is the first pole arm monomer 11), so that the first wire 10 is forwardly wound around the end of the first pole arm monomer 11 and its opposite side pole arm monomer 11 is reversely wound (twelve o'clock direction ) and pull out the end of the wire, so that the end of the wire is forwardly wound around the pole arm monomer 11 at the five o'clock direction, and then reversely wound around the pole arm monomer 11 on the opposite side (11 o'clock direction) to form the outlet end , and the second and third conductors 20, 30 carry out reciprocating forward and reverse winding on the pole arm monomer 11 at intervals of 120 degrees and 240 degrees, its opposite side pole arm monomer 11 and side pole arm monomer 11 in the same way. Then connect the outgoing wire ends of the first, second, and third wires 10, 20, and 30, and connect the incoming wires 10, 20, and 30 with the first, second, and third wires to complete the power supply (this The three-phase motor of the coil winding method saves power and has low torque).
另又，可将单相交流电的两电源线分别连接第一、二导线10、20入线端，再以电容的两端分别连接单相交流电的一电源线及第三导线30入线端，促使电容产生的分相以相位差驱动三相马达运作。In addition, the two power lines of the single-phase alternating current can be connected to the first and second lead wires 10 and 20 input terminals respectively, and then the two ends of the capacitor are respectively connected to a power line of the single-phase alternating current and the third lead wire 30 input ends, The phase separation generated by the capacitor drives the three-phase motor to operate with a phase difference.
惟以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，当不能以此限定本发明实施的范围，即大凡依本发明申请专利范围及发明说明内容所作的简单的等效变化与修饰，皆仍属本发明专利涵盖的范围内。But the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not limit the scope of the present invention with this, that is, all simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent scope of the present invention and the description of the invention are all Still belong to the scope that the patent of the present invention covers.
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| CN103516064A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-15 | 日本电产三协株式会社 | Stator and motor |
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| US6078122A (en) * | 1996-07-09 | 2000-06-20 | Emerson Electric Co. | Reluctance machine with fractional pitch winding and drive therefore |
| CN1520001A (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2004-08-11 | 稳正企业股份有限公司 | Assembled stator structure of motor |
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