CN106242565A - A wear-resistant ZrO2-Al2O3 composite ceramic particle and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A wear-resistant ZrO2-Al2O3 composite ceramic particle and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种耐磨ZrO2‑Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒及其制备方法和应用，属于陶瓷复合材料制备技术领域，本发明耐磨ZrO2‑Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒成分重量百分比组成为：10‑90％的稳定ZrO2以及10‑90％的Al2O3；采用电熔融、水冷制备得表面粗糙、粒度大小0.5‑7mm的高耐磨性ZrO2‑Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒，生产效率高，性能稳定，并将耐磨ZrO2‑Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒应用于制备钢铁基复合材料的增强体，能显著增强复合材料耐磨性。
The invention discloses a wear-resistant ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particle and its preparation method and application, belonging to the technical field of ceramic composite material preparation, and the composition of the wear-resistant ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particle in the invention The weight percentage composition is: 10-90% stable ZrO 2 and 10-90% Al 2 O 3 ; high wear resistance ZrO 2 -Al 2 O with rough surface and particle size of 0.5-7mm is prepared by electric melting and water cooling 3 The composite ceramic particles have high production efficiency and stable performance, and the application of wear-resistant ZrO 2 ‑Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particles to the reinforcement of the steel-based composite material can significantly enhance the wear resistance of the composite material.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及陶瓷复合材料制备技术领域，特别是涉及一种耐磨ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒及其制备方法和应用。The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of ceramic composite materials, in particular to a wear-resistant ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particle and a preparation method and application thereof.
背景技术Background technique
ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷由于具有高的强韧性、一定的硬度、耐磨性、热膨胀系数可调，可用作高铬铸铁、合金钢、球墨铸铁增强体，对于大块状表面光滑的陶瓷，由于传统增强相与金属基体的结合性差等原因，在复合材料制备及应用过程中陶瓷出现裂纹及剥落影响复合材料的使用性能。因此制备表面粗糙、一定粒度大小、具有高抗磨性的陶瓷颗粒并应用于钢铁基复合材料增强体意义重大。ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite phase ceramics can be used as reinforcements for high chromium cast iron, alloy steel, and nodular cast iron due to their high strength and toughness, certain hardness, wear resistance, and adjustable thermal expansion coefficient. For smooth ceramics, due to the poor bonding between the traditional reinforcement phase and the metal matrix, cracks and peeling of the ceramics during the preparation and application of the composite material affect the performance of the composite material. Therefore, it is of great significance to prepare ceramic particles with rough surface, certain particle size and high wear resistance and apply them to steel matrix composite reinforcement.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于针对上述存在问题和不足，提供一种表面粗糙、高抗磨性用于制备钢铁基复合材料增强体的ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒及其制备方法和应用。The object of the present invention is to address the above existing problems and deficiencies, and provide ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particles with rough surface and high wear resistance for preparing steel-based composite material reinforcement, its preparation method and application.
为达上述目的，本发明提供一种耐磨ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒，其成分重量百分比组成为：10-90％的稳定ZrO2以及10-90％的Al2O3；In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a wear-resistant ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particle, the composition of which is composed of 10-90% stable ZrO 2 and 10-90% Al 2 O 3 ;
其中稳定ZrO2包含选自MgO2、TiO2、Y2O3中的一种或两种以上任意比例混合的稳定剂，所述稳定剂含量不超过ZrO2重量的5％；Wherein the stabilized ZrO 2 comprises one or more stabilizers selected from MgO 2 , TiO 2 , Y 2 O 3 mixed in any proportion, and the stabilizer content does not exceed 5% of the weight of ZrO 2 ;
所述ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒为0.5-7mm粒径的表面粗糙的复相陶瓷颗粒。The ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particles are composite ceramic particles with a particle diameter of 0.5-7 mm and a rough surface.
本发明还提供一种制备所述的耐磨ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒的方法，包括以下步骤：The present invention also provides a method for preparing the wear-resistant ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particles, comprising the following steps:
(1)根据ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒成分要求将稳定ZrO2和Al2O3粉末放入电炉中熔融，所述稳定ZrO2和Al2O3粉末用量重量百分比分别为稳定ZrO210-90％以及Al2O310-90％；(1) According to the composition requirements of ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particles, put the stable ZrO 2 and Al 2 O 3 powders into the electric furnace for melting, and the weight percentages of the stable ZrO 2 and Al 2 O 3 powders are respectively stable ZrO 2 10-90% and Al 2 O 3 10-90%;
(2)、将熔融ZrO2-Al2O3熔体倒入带斜坡的流槽中，同时通水冷却制成陶瓷颗粒，过筛，获得0.5-7mm的表面粗糙的复相陶瓷颗粒。(2) Pour the molten ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 melt into a launder with a slope, pass water to cool at the same time to make ceramic granules, and sieve to obtain 0.5-7mm rough multi-phase ceramic granules.
进一步的，作为优选还包括将步骤(2)制得的复相陶瓷颗粒进行热处理及空冷的步骤。Further, it preferably also includes the steps of heat-treating and air-cooling the multi-phase ceramic particles prepared in step (2).
进一步的，作为优选热处理及空冷包括以下步骤：Further, as preferred heat treatment and air cooling comprise the following steps:
将0.5-7mm的复相陶瓷颗粒放入电炉中加热升温至1200-1300℃，保温1-2小时，冷却到500-600℃出炉空冷。Put the 0.5-7mm multi-phase ceramic particles into the electric furnace and heat up to 1200-1300°C, keep it warm for 1-2 hours, cool to 500-600°C and leave the furnace for air cooling.
进一步的，作为优选将0.5-7mm的复相陶瓷颗粒放入电炉中加热升温的升温速度＜60℃/h，保温后冷却速度＜100℃/h。Further, it is preferable to put the 0.5-7mm multi-phase ceramic particles into the electric furnace for heating and heating at a heating rate of <60°C/h, and the cooling rate after heat preservation is less than 100°C/h.
进一步的，作为优选所述步骤(1)中熔融温度2000-2100℃。Further, preferably, the melting temperature in the step (1) is 2000-2100°C.
进一步的，作为优选所述步骤(2)中通水冷却制成陶瓷颗粒过程中用水量重量百分比不少于ZrO2-Al2O3熔体的10倍。Further, preferably, in the step (2), the weight percentage of water used in the process of cooling with water to form ceramic particles is not less than 10 times that of the ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 melt.
本发明还提供所述耐磨ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒在制备ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒增强体增强高铬铸铁基抗磨复合材料的应用，作为优选采用重力浇铸的方法与高铬铸铁复合，ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒与高铬铸铁体积比小于1:1。The present invention also provides the application of the wear-resistant ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 multi-phase ceramic particles in the preparation of ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 multi-phase ceramic particle reinforcement reinforced high-chromium cast iron-based wear-resistant composite materials, preferably using gravity The casting method is combined with high-chromium cast iron, and the volume ratio of ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particles to high-chromium cast iron is less than 1:1.
本发明还提供所述耐磨ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒在制备ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒增强体增强合金钢基抗磨复合材料的应用，作为优选采用重力浇铸的方法与合金钢复合，ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒与合金钢体积比小于1:1。The present invention also provides the application of the wear-resistant ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 multi-phase ceramic particles in the preparation of ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 multi-phase ceramic particle reinforcement reinforced alloy steel-based anti-wear composite materials, preferably by gravity casting The method is combined with alloy steel, and the volume ratio of ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particles to alloy steel is less than 1:1.
本发明还提供所述耐磨ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒在制备ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒增强体增强球墨铸铁基抗磨复合材料的应用，作为优选采用重力浇铸的方法与球墨铸铁复合，ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒与球墨铸铁体积比小于1:1。The present invention also provides the application of the wear-resistant ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 multi-phase ceramic particles in the preparation of ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 multi-phase ceramic particle reinforcement reinforced nodular cast iron-based anti-wear composite materials, as a preferred gravity casting The method is combined with ductile iron, and the volume ratio of ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particles to ductile iron is less than 1:1.
本发明与现有技术不同之处在于本发明取得了如下技术效果：The present invention differs from the prior art in that the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:
本发明采用电熔融、水冷制备表面粗糙、一定粒度大小ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒，生产效率高，性能稳定；ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒经热处理并控制冷却速度便于ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒获得更多的四方相，提高ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒韧性。因此通过电熔融、水冷、热处理及控制冷却速度即可得到表面粗糙、一定粒度大小、具有高抗磨性的陶瓷颗粒并应用于钢铁基复合材料增强体的ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒。The invention adopts electromelting and water cooling to prepare ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particles with rough surface and certain particle size, which has high production efficiency and stable performance; the ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particles are heat treated and the cooling speed is controlled It is convenient for the ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particles to obtain more tetragonal phases and improve the toughness of the ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particles. Therefore, through electric melting, water cooling, heat treatment and controlling the cooling rate, ceramic particles with rough surface, certain particle size and high wear resistance can be obtained and applied to ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramics for steel matrix composite reinforcement. particles.
综上所述，采用本发明制备的陶瓷颗粒具有如下优点：In summary, the ceramic particles prepared by the present invention have the following advantages:
1、复相陶瓷颗粒断裂韧性≥6J/cm2，硬度＞HV1300；1. Fracture toughness of composite ceramic particles ≥ 6J/cm 2 , hardness >HV1300;
2、作为增强材料与高铬铸铁、合金钢、球墨铸铁复合结合良好，其复合材料耐磨性是其对应基体的3-6倍。2. As a reinforcing material, it is well combined with high-chromium cast iron, alloy steel, and ductile iron, and the wear resistance of the composite material is 3-6 times that of the corresponding matrix.
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例1制备的ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒；Figure 1 shows the ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particles prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例1制备的ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒X衍射图；Fig. 2 is the X-ray diffraction pattern of ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particles prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;
图3为为本发明实施例1制备ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒增强钢铁基复合材料显微照片。Fig. 3 is a photomicrograph of ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particles reinforced steel matrix composite material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合实施例，对本发明上述的和另外的技术特征和优点作更详细的说明。The above-mentioned and other technical features and advantages of the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.
实施例1Example 1
按ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷重量百分比75％稳定ZrO2(稳定ZrO2中含其质量百分比4％的MgO2)和25％Al2O3成分要求，将原料放入电炉中熔融，熔融温度2010℃；将熔融的ZrO2-Al2O3熔体倒入带斜坡的流槽中，同时通水冷却制成陶瓷颗粒，通水冷却制成陶瓷颗粒过程中用水量重量百分比为ZrO2-Al2O3熔体的11倍，过筛，获得1mm的表面粗糙的复相陶瓷颗粒；将1mm的复相陶瓷颗粒放入电炉中加热，升温速度50℃/h，升温至1210℃，保温1.5小时，冷却速度80℃/h，冷却到530℃出炉空冷，断裂韧性8.7J/cm2，硬度HV1310。图1为本实施例1制备的ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒；图2为本实施例1制备的ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒X衍射图；According to the ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramics weight percentage 75% stable ZrO 2 (the stable ZrO 2 contains 4% MgO 2 by mass percentage) and 25% Al 2 O 3 composition requirements, put the raw materials into the electric furnace for melting , the melting temperature is 2010°C; the molten ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 melt is poured into a launder with a slope, and at the same time passed water cooling to make ceramic particles, and the water consumption weight percentage in the process of passing water cooling to make ceramic particles is 11 times that of the ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 melt, sieved to obtain 1mm rough-surfaced composite ceramic particles; put the 1mm composite ceramic particles into an electric furnace and heat at a heating rate of 50°C/h to 1210 ℃, heat preservation for 1.5 hours, cooling rate 80℃/h, cooled to 530℃ and air-cooled, fracture toughness 8.7J/cm 2 , hardness HV1310. Figure 1 is the ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particles prepared in Example 1; Figure 2 is the X-ray diffraction pattern of the ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particles prepared in Example 1;
将制得的ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒通过重力浇铸的方法与高铬铸铁(陶瓷颗粒与高铬铸铁体积比为1:1)复合制得高铬铸铁基结合良好的抗磨复合材料如图3所示的显微照片，其复合材料抗磨性是高铬铸铁基体的5倍。The prepared ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particles are combined with high-chromium cast iron (the volume ratio of ceramic particles to high-chromium cast iron is 1:1) by gravity casting method to obtain high-chromium cast iron matrix with good wear resistance The micrograph of the composite material is shown in Figure 3. The wear resistance of the composite material is 5 times that of the high chromium cast iron matrix.
实施例2Example 2
按ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷重量百分比45％稳定ZrO2(稳定ZrO2中含其质量百分比4.5％的TiO2)和55％Al2O3成分要求，将原料放入电炉中熔融，熔融温度2030℃；将熔融的ZrO2-Al2O3熔体倒入带斜坡的流槽中，同时通水冷却制成陶瓷颗粒，通水冷却制成陶瓷颗粒过程中用水量重量百分比为ZrO2-Al2O3熔体的12倍，过筛，获得3mm的表面粗糙的复相陶瓷颗粒；将3mm的复相陶瓷颗粒放入电炉中加热，升温速度54℃/h，升温至1230℃，保温1.5小时，冷却速度85℃/h，冷却到550℃出炉空冷，断裂韧性7.1J/cm2，硬度HV1380。将制得的ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒通过重力浇铸的方法与高锰钢(陶瓷颗粒与高锰钢体积比为1:1)复合制得高锰钢基结合良好的抗磨复合材料，其复合材料抗磨性是高锰钢基体的4倍。According to the ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramics weight percentage 45% stable ZrO 2 (the stable ZrO 2 contains 4.5% TiO 2 by mass percentage) and 55% Al 2 O 3 composition requirements, put the raw materials into the electric furnace for melting , the melting temperature is 2030°C; the molten ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 melt is poured into a launder with a slope, and at the same time passed water cooling to make ceramic particles, and the water consumption weight percentage in the process of passing water cooling to make ceramic particles is 12 times that of ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 melt, and sieved to obtain 3mm rough-surfaced composite ceramic particles; put the 3mm composite ceramic particles into an electric furnace to heat at a heating rate of 54°C/h to 1230 ℃, heat preservation for 1.5 hours, cooling rate 85℃/h, cooling to 550℃ and air cooling, fracture toughness 7.1J/cm 2 , hardness HV1380. The prepared ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 multiphase ceramic particles are combined with high manganese steel (the volume ratio of ceramic particles to high manganese steel is 1:1) by gravity casting to obtain a high manganese steel matrix with good wear resistance. Composite material, the wear resistance of the composite material is 4 times that of the high manganese steel matrix.
实施例3Example 3
按ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷重量百分比15％稳定ZrO2(稳定ZrO2中含其质量百分比Y2O3)和85％Al2O3成分要求，将原料放入电炉中熔融，熔融温度2050℃；将熔融ZrO2-Al2O3熔体倒入带斜坡的流槽中，同时通水冷却制成陶瓷颗粒，通水冷却制成陶瓷颗粒过程中用水量重量百分比为ZrO2-Al2O3熔体的13倍，过筛，获得5mm的表面粗糙的复相陶瓷颗粒；将5mm的复相陶瓷颗粒放入电炉中加热，升温速度58℃/h，升温至1250℃，保温1.5小时，冷却速度90℃/h，冷却到570℃出炉空冷，断裂韧性6.2J/cm2，硬度HV1470。将制得的ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷颗粒通过重力浇铸的方法与球墨铸铁(陶瓷颗粒与球墨铸铁体积比为1:2)复合制得球墨铸铁基结合良好的抗磨复合材料，其复合材料抗磨性是球墨铸铁基体的4.5倍。According to the ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramics weight percentage 15% stable ZrO 2 (the stable ZrO 2 contains its mass percentage Y 2 O 3 ) and 85% Al 2 O 3 composition requirements, the raw materials are put into an electric furnace for melting, The melting temperature is 2050°C; the molten ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 melt is poured into a launder with a slope, and at the same time, it is cooled by water to make ceramic particles. The weight percentage of water consumption in the process of making ceramic particles by water cooling is ZrO 2 - 13 times of Al 2 O 3 melt, sieved to obtain 5mm composite ceramic particles with rough surface; put the 5mm composite ceramic particles into the electric furnace for heating, the heating rate is 58°C/h, and the temperature is raised to 1250°C, Keep warm for 1.5 hours, cool at 90°C/h, cool to 570°C and leave the oven for air cooling. The fracture toughness is 6.2J/cm 2 and the hardness is HV1470. Composite the prepared ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 composite ceramic particles with nodular cast iron (the volume ratio of ceramic particles to nodular cast iron is 1:2) by gravity casting to obtain a good anti-wear composite material with nodular cast iron matrix. The wear resistance of the composite material is 4.5 times that of the ductile iron matrix.
以上所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述，并非对本发明的范围进行限定，在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下，本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案作出的各种变形和改进，均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。The above-mentioned embodiments are only descriptions of preferred implementations of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Variations and improvements should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.
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Inventor after: Zheng Kaihong Inventor after: Wang Juan Inventor after: Wang Haiyan Inventor after: Dong Xiaorong Inventor after: Zhou Nan Inventor before: Zheng Kaihong Inventor before: Wang Juan Inventor before: Wang Xiulian Inventor before: Wang Haiyan Inventor before: Dong Xiaorong Inventor before: Zhou Nan |