CN106633810A - 一种活性炭基特种合成纸的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种活性炭基特种合成纸的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106633810A
CN106633810A CN201610928034.6A CN201610928034A CN106633810A CN 106633810 A CN106633810 A CN 106633810A CN 201610928034 A CN201610928034 A CN 201610928034A CN 106633810 A CN106633810 A CN 106633810A
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activated carbon
synthetic paper
paper
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film
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周虎
漆志凌
王东东
周智华
刘玄
刘清泉
王晓红
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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Priority to PCT/CN2017/074021 priority patent/WO2018076579A1/zh
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Priority to US16/009,181 priority patent/US10988898B2/en
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种活性炭基特种合成纸的制备方法。本发明主要是，将聚氨酯颗粒、溶剂在反应器中搅拌，再静置，使聚氨酯颗粒完全溶解在溶剂中，得到聚氨酯溶液；在所得聚氨酯溶液中加入活性炭，搅拌，混合均匀，得到固液混合物；将所得固液混合物涂布于离型纸上，然后一同浸入硝酸银水溶液中，待固液混合物完全固化成膜后，再将离型纸和膜一并浸入氯化钠水溶液中；将所得离型纸和膜一并放入电热鼓风干燥箱中干燥，将膜与离型纸剥离，即得到活性炭基特种合成纸产品。本发明特种合成纸内部的活性炭粉末以及特种合成纸的多孔疏松结构，大大提升了特种合成纸对环境中有害物质的吸附性能。

Description

一种活性炭基特种合成纸的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于复合材料生产技术领域，具体涉及一种活性炭基特种合成纸的制备方法。
背景技术
活性炭基特种纸，简称活性炭纸。它是采用植物纤维与活性炭配合而制成的具有比表面积和外表面积大，吸附数量多，吸附效率高和使用方便等特点的特种纸。活性炭纸是一种新型材料产品，是活性炭利用途径上的一次重大改革。
活性炭纸在整个生产过程所使用的植物纤维需要经过切碎和加高浓度碱水进行高温蒸煮，再经过离心筛、高频震动筛、洗浆机、压滤机等机械去除原桨中含有的碱水，最后进行漂白等处理后才能用于和活性炭配合造纸。一方面活性炭纸生产工艺流程复杂，并会产生大量工业废液污染环境；另一方面植物纤维的主要获取途径为木材，大量地砍伐森林会给生态环境造成一定的破坏；同时现在活性炭纸整体结构一般较为致密，使特种纸产品与环境所接触的表面积大大减小，导致其吸附性能下降，在一定程度上限制了它的应用范围。由以上分析可以看出，目前活性炭纸产品主要存在破坏生态、污染环境、产品整体结构致密和吸附性能受限等缺点，因此必须对活性炭纸的生产技术进行改进，才能拓展其应用领域。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种材料易得、工艺简单可靠、环境友好的活性炭基特种合成纸的制备方法。
本发明的目的是通过如下的技术方案来实现的：
该活性炭基特种合成纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将15～20重量份的聚氨酯颗粒、50～150重量份的溶剂在反应器中搅拌30分钟，再静置48小时，使聚氨酯颗粒完全溶解在溶剂中，得到聚氨酯溶液；
(2)在步骤(1)所得聚氨酯溶液中加入2～25重量份的活性炭，搅拌1小时，混合均匀，得到固液混合物；
(3)将步骤(2)所得的固液混合物涂布于离型纸上，然后一同浸入硝酸银水溶液中，待固液混合物完全固化成膜后，再将离型纸和膜一并浸入氯化钠水溶液中30分钟；
(4)将步骤(3)所得离型纸和膜一并放入电热鼓风干燥箱中干燥1小时，将膜与离型纸剥离；
(5)根据需求将膜制品剪裁成合适尺寸，即得到活性炭基特种合成纸产品。
优选地，步骤(1)所述聚氨酯颗粒为聚酯型热塑性聚氨酯颗粒和聚醚型热塑性聚氨酯颗粒中的至少一种，其邵氏硬度为85A～95A。
优选地，步骤(1)所述溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中的至少一种。
优选地，步骤(2)所述活性炭是颗粒大小为325目、400目、500目和600目中的一种或者两种以上的混合物。
优选地，步骤(3)中所述硝酸银水溶液的浓度为12％。
优选地，步骤(3)中所述氯化钠水溶液的浓度为6％。
优选地，步骤(4)中所述电热鼓风干燥箱中温度为50℃。
优选地，步骤(5)所得活性炭基特种合成纸外观为灰色，通过调节步骤(3)中涂布于离型纸上的固液混合物厚度控制特种合成纸厚度在0.06～0.16mm之间，以A4纸张面积计质量介于4.0～5.4g之间。
本发明与现有活性炭纸生产技术相比具有如下特点：
(1)本发明特种合成纸内部的活性炭粉末以及特种合成纸的多孔疏松结构，大大提升了特种合成纸对环境中有害物质的吸附性能。
(2)在本发明的生产过程中，合成纸内部生成的含银化合物，可对特种合成纸吸附的苯、甲醛等物质产生光催化降解作用，并能够将其分解为无毒物质，起到改善环境的作用。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例来对本发明作进一步详细的描述，其中，所述原料均为工业化产品，设备为普通工业化的生产设备。
实施例1：
称取15千克邵氏硬度为85A的聚酯型热塑性聚氨酯和55千克N,N-二甲基甲酰胺置于反应器中，搅拌30分钟后静置48小时，使聚酯型热塑性聚氨酯完全溶解在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中；再加入10千克325目的活性炭并搅拌1小时得到固液混合物；将所得的固液混合物静置去泡后涂布于离型纸上，并立即一同浸入12％的硝酸银水溶液中；待固液混合物完全固化成膜后，再将离型纸和膜一并浸入6％的氯化钠水溶液中30分钟；取出并放置在电热鼓风干燥箱中于50℃干燥1小时，将膜与离型纸剥离；通过调节离型纸上涂布的固液混合物厚度控制膜的总厚度为0.06mm；最后根据需求将膜制品剪裁为合适尺寸，即得到活性炭基特种合成纸产品。
本实施例中所得特种合成纸产品颜色为灰色，厚度为0.06mm，质量(以A4纸张面积计)为4.0g。
实施例2：
称取15千克邵氏硬度为90A的聚醚型热塑性聚氨酯和150千克N,N-二甲基乙酰胺置于反应器中，搅拌30分钟后静置48小时，使聚醚型热塑性聚氨酯完全溶解在N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中；再加入25千克400目的活性炭并搅拌1小时得到固液混合物；将所得的固液混合物静置去泡后涂布于离型纸上，并立即一同浸入12％的硝酸银水溶液中；待固液混合物完全固化成膜后，再将离型纸和膜一并浸入6％的氯化钠水溶液中30分钟；取出并放置在电热鼓风干燥箱中于50℃干燥1小时，将膜与离型纸剥离；通过调节离型纸上涂布的固液混合物厚度控制膜的总厚度为0.08mm；最后根据需求将膜制品剪裁为合适尺寸，即得到活性炭基特种合成纸产品。
本实施例中所得特种合成纸产品颜色为灰色，厚度为0.08mm。质量(以A4纸张面积计)为4.3g。
实施例3：
称取20千克邵氏硬度为95A的聚酯型热塑性聚氨酯和100千克N,N-二甲基甲酰胺置于反应器中，搅拌30分钟后静置48小时，使聚酯型热塑性聚氨酯完全溶解在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中；再加入20千克500目的活性炭并搅拌1小时得到固液混合物；将所得的固液混合物静置去泡后涂布于离型纸上，并立即一同浸入12％的硝酸银水溶液中；待固液混合物完全固化成膜后，再将离型纸和膜一并浸入6％的氯化钠水溶液中30分钟；取出并放置在电热鼓风干燥箱中于50℃干燥1小时，将膜与离型纸剥离；通过调节离型纸上涂布的固液混合物厚度控制膜的总厚度为0.10mm；最后根据需求将膜制品剪裁为合适尺寸，即得到活性炭基特种合成纸产品。
本实施例中所得特种合成纸产品颜色为灰色，厚度为0.10mm，质量(以A4纸张面积计)为4.7g。
实施例4：
称取18千克邵氏硬度为94A的聚醚型热塑性聚氨酯和50千克N,N-二甲基乙酰胺置于反应器中，搅拌30分钟后静置48小时，使聚醚型热塑性聚氨酯完全溶解在N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中；再加入2千克600目的活性炭并搅拌1小时得到固液混合物；将所得的固液混合物静置去泡后涂布于离型纸上，并立即一同浸入12％的硝酸银水溶液中；待固液混合物完全固化成膜后，再将离型纸和膜一并浸入6％的氯化钠水溶液中30分钟；取出放置在电热鼓风干燥箱中于50℃干燥1小时，将膜与离型纸剥离；通过调节涂布于离型纸上的固液混合物厚度控制膜的总厚度为0.12mm；最后根据需求将膜制品剪裁为合适尺寸，即得到活性炭基特种合成纸产品。
本实施例中所得特种合成纸产品颜色为灰色，厚度为0.12mm。质量(以A4纸张面积计)为5.0g。
实施例5：
称取20千克邵氏硬度为86A的聚酯型热塑性聚氨酯和57千克N,N-二甲基甲酰胺置于反应器中，搅拌30分钟后静置48小时，使聚酯型热塑性聚氨酯完全溶解在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中；再加入325目，400目，500目和600目各1.25千克的活性炭并搅拌1小时得到固液混合物；将所得的固液混合物静置去泡后涂布于离型纸上，并立即一同浸入12％的硝酸银水溶液中；待固液混合物完全固化成膜后，再将离型纸和膜一并浸入6％的氯化钠水溶液中30分钟；取出放置在电热鼓风干燥箱中于50℃干燥1小时，再将膜与离型纸剥离；通过调节离型纸上涂布的固液混合物厚度控制膜的总厚度为0.16mm；最后根据需求将膜制品剪裁为合适尺寸，即得到活性炭基特种合成纸产品。
本实施例中所得特种合成纸产品颜色为灰色，厚度为0.16mm，质量(以A4纸张面积计)为5.4g。

Claims (8)

1.一种活性炭基特种合成纸的制备方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
(1)将15～20重量份的聚氨酯颗粒、50～150重量份的溶剂在反应器中搅拌30分钟，再静置48小时，使聚氨酯颗粒完全溶解在溶剂中，得到聚氨酯溶液；
(2)在步骤(1)所得聚氨酯溶液中加入2～25重量份的活性炭，搅拌1小时，混合均匀，得到固液混合物；
(3)将步骤(2)所得的固液混合物涂布于离型纸上，然后一同浸入硝酸银水溶液中，待固液混合物完全固化成膜后，再将离型纸和膜一并浸入氯化钠水溶液中30分钟；
(4)将步骤(3)所得离型纸和膜一并放入电热鼓风干燥箱中干燥1小时，将膜与离型纸剥离；
(5)根据需求将膜制品剪裁成合适尺寸，即得到活性炭基特种合成纸产品。
2.根据权利要求1所述活性炭基特种合成纸的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(1)所述聚氨酯颗粒为聚酯型热塑性聚氨酯颗粒和聚醚型热塑性聚氨酯颗粒中的至少一种，其邵氏硬度为85A～95A。
3.根据权利要求1所述活性炭基特种合成纸的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(1)所述溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述活性炭基特种合成纸的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(2)所述活性炭是颗粒大小为325目、400目、500目和600目中的一种或者两种以上的混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述活性炭基特种合成纸的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(3)中所述硝酸银水溶液的浓度为12％。
6.根据权利要求1所述活性炭基特种合成纸的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(3)中所述氯化钠水溶液的浓度为6％。
7.根据权利要求1所述活性炭基特种合成纸的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(4)中所述电热鼓风干燥箱中温度为50℃。
8.根据权利要求1所述活性炭基特种合成纸的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(5)所得活性炭基特种合成纸外观为灰色，通过调节步骤(3)中涂布于离型纸上的固液混合物厚度控制特种合成纸厚度在0.06～0.16mm之间，以A4纸张面积计质量介于4.0～5.4g之间。
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