CN106823562A - A kind of artificial pulmonary surfactant is used for the method for removing PM2.5 - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for removing PM2.5 by artificial lung surface active substances, including the modification of silk fibroin, the preparation of fiber membranes and the adsorption of dust, and the silk fibroin and artificial lung surface active The spinning solution of the substance is prepared into a nanofiber membrane for removing heavy metal ions. The nanofiber membrane is prepared by electrospinning in the present invention, which can effectively control the porosity of the fiber membrane and remove PM2.5 particles of different particle sizes. The invention adopts natural silk fibroin and artificial lung surface active substance, can effectively increase the contact area between the adsorbent and metal ions, and remove heavy metal ions. The film prepared by the invention has the advantages of convenient application, simple method and strong operability.

Description

A method for artificial lung surfactant to remove PM2.5

technical field

The invention relates to the field of preparation of nanometer materials, in particular to a method for removing PM2.5 by artificial lung surfactant, and a method for preparing a fiber membrane for absorbing heavy metal ions.

Background technique

Collagen fiber is a polymer material with active groups such as amino groups and carboxyl groups on the surface, and it is also a substance that exists in nature. It can form chelates with metal ions, and we can chemically modify it to strengthen it. The degree of activity of the surface groups improves the performance of adsorbing metal ions. For example, Wang Ru et al. used the principle that the phenolic hydroxyl groups in tannin molecules can coordinate with metal ions, and solidified tannin on skin collagen fibers to prepare a new type of modified adsorbent. The research results showed that the relationship between the adsorbent and the adsorbate The role of is electrostatic binding, and the adsorption process conforms to the Freundlich adsorption model. At the same time, the modified collagen fibers have selective adsorption to Mo, and the adsorbed material can be regenerated.

Silk fibroin is a natural high-molecular fiber protein extracted from silk. Its effect on cell adhesion, expansion, differentiation and growth is similar to that of collagen, and the immune response caused in the body is weaker than that of collagen. In addition, silk fibroin is cheap, has a wide range of sources, and has excellent biocompatibility, excellent mechanical properties, easy processing, and controllable degradation performance. It has been widely used in tissue engineering repair materials, such as vascular repair, skin Repair, bone tissue repair, etc., as well as drug carrier materials. Silk fibroin is rich in a variety of functional groups, and by compounding with other materials or active substances, it can play multiple synergistic effects on tissue structure filling and functional repair.

Pulmonary surfactant (PS) is a substance that exists on the surface of the bronchi and alveoli and can reduce the surface tension of the alveoli. It is produced by type II alveolar cells and has two main components: lipids and surfactant proteins. Among them, lipids account for nearly 90%, and phospholipids in lipids account for the vast majority. Other lipids include: cholesterol, triglycerides, and free fatty acids. Phosphatidylcholine is the most abundant component of surface active substances, accounting for 70-80% of all lipids. Among them, saturated phosphatidylcholine accounts for 50-70%, mainly dipalmitate phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), which is the main component that reduces the surface tension of pulmonary surfactant. In addition, phosphatidylglycerol contains about 8%, other lipids include: phosphatidylethanolamine about 5%, phosphatidylinositol about 3%, and a small amount of phosphatidylserine, lysophosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin. Studies have shown that heavy metals can interact and deposit with DPPC on the surface of alveoli and epithelial cells, initiate endoplasmic reticulum stress, increase the expression of lipid synthesis gene acetyl-CoA carboxylase (Acaca) and mediate acetyl-CoA The conversion to malonyl-CoA promotes the synthesis of fatty acids; while the expression of diglyceride acyltransferase (Dgat) 2 and hormone-sensitive lipase (Lipe) increase to promote the synthesis of triglycerides (triglycerides, TG), this series Fattyization thus reduces the entry of heavy metals into the body. However, so far, no artificial lung surfactants with properties similar to DPPC have been used in the preparation of heavy metal ion adsorption materials.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for removing PM2.5 by using artificial lung surfactant. The method utilizes the joint action of silk fibroin and artificial lung surfactant, and is prepared by electrospinning technology. A fiber membrane that can efficiently adsorb heavy metal ions, thereby greatly enhancing the adsorption effect of heavy metal ions. The technical preparation method is simple, and the performance of the obtained product is obviously higher than that of the existing market products.

In order to achieve such purpose, in the technical scheme of the present invention, silk fibroin and artificial lung surfactant are used as adsorption materials, and a fibrous membrane capable of efficiently adsorbing heavy metal ions is prepared by electrospinning technology; the fibrous membrane is used in the present The core body of the split mask can greatly improve the haze prevention effect of the existing masks.

Method of the present invention comprises the steps:

A method for removing PM2.5 by artificial lung surfactant, characterized in that the method comprises the steps:

(1) Modification of silk fibroin

Dissolve silk fibroin (SF) and DPPC at a molar ratio of 10:1-1:1 in 10mL, 0.1M MES solution, MES solution pH=5.5, morpholineethanesulfonic acid, add DPPC, etc. after 2 hours Molar ratio of 1-ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl]carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), stirring at room temperature for 3 hours, taking out, washing and drying , and finally put the silk fibroin aqueous solution in a freeze-drying apparatus at -80°C to freeze-dry to obtain silk fibroin powder;

(2) Preparation of fiber membrane

The same mass of silk fibroin powder and phospholipids are prepared into 5ml of 3% aqueous solution, and the resulting solution is put into a syringe with a No. 7 needle and the existing electrospinning equipment. The instrument parameters are set as follows: the loading voltage is at 10-20 kV, the distance between the injector and the receiving plate is 7-12 cm, the propulsion speed is 0.1 ml/h-0.3 ml/h, the relative humidity of the air is 35-45%, and the nanofibers can be obtained after electrospinning;

(3) Dust adsorption

The fiber membrane is made into 10cm × 10cm, and used as the core body of the split mask to obtain a new type of smog mask. The mask is placed in the smog evaluation chamber, and the diesel engine is used as the pollution source generator to pass dust detectors, dust component analysis and other technical testing. The control effect of masks on smog.

The phospholipids are soybean lecithin, egg yolk lecithin, hydrogenated lecithin, hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine, hydrogenated egg phosphatidylcholine, dilauroylphosphatidylcholine, dimyrisylphosphatidylcholine, di Stearoylphosphatidylcholine, 1-myristoyl-2-palmitoylphosphatidylcholine, 1-palmitoyl-2-stearoylphosphatidylcholine, 1-stearoyl-2-palmitoylphosphatidylcholine At least one of phosphatidylcholine, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine, 1-stearoyl-2-linoleoylphosphatidylcholine or dioleoylphosphatidylcholine.

In the step (3), the loading voltage is 10-20 kV, preferably 12-18 kV.

In the step (3), the distance between the syringe and the receiving plate is 7-12 cm, preferably 8-10 cm.

The step is preferably in (3), the propulsion speed is 0.1 ml/h-0.3 ml/h, preferably 0.1 ml/h-0.2 ml/h.

In the step (3), the relative air humidity is 35-45%, preferably 35%-40%.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The advantages of the present invention are: (1) The present invention prepares nanofiber membranes by electrospinning, which can effectively control the porosity of the fiber membranes and remove PM2.5 particles with different particle sizes. (3) The present invention uses natural silk fibroin and artificial lung surfactant, which can effectively increase the contact area between the adsorbent and metal ions, and remove heavy metal ions. The film prepared by the invention has the advantages of convenient application, simple method and strong operability.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

a. Modification of silk fibroin

Dissolve 1mol of SF and 0.5mol of DPPC in 10mL of 0.1M MES solution (pH=5.5, morpholineethanesulfonic acid), add 0.5mol of EDC and NHS such as DPPC after 2 hours, and stir at room temperature for 3 hours Take it out, wash and dry it with water, and finally place the silk fibroin aqueous solution in a freeze-drying apparatus at -80°C to freeze-dry to obtain silk fibroin powder.

b. Preparation of fiber membrane

Prepare silk fibroin powder of equal mass and egg yolk lecithin into 5ml of a 3% aqueous solution, put the resulting solution into a syringe, use a No. 7 needle, and use the existing electrospinning equipment. The instrument parameters set are: load The voltage is 15kV, the distance between the injector and the receiving plate is 8cm, the advancing speed is 0.3ml/h, and the relative humidity of the air is 40%. Nanofibers can be obtained after electrospinning is completed.

Test results: the dust removal rate is 87%, and the heavy metal adsorption rate is 65%.

Example 2

a. Modification of silk fibroin

Dissolve 1mol of SF and 0.1mol of DPPC in 10mL of 0.1M MES solution (pH=5.5, morpholineethanesulfonic acid), add 0.1mol of EDC and NHS with DPPC after 2 hours, stir at room temperature for 3 hours Take it out, wash and dry it with water, and finally place the silk fibroin aqueous solution in a freeze-drying apparatus at -80°C to freeze-dry to obtain silk fibroin powder.

b. Preparation of fiber membrane

Prepare equal mass of silk fibroin powder and 1-myristoyl-2-palmitoylphosphatidylcholine into 5ml of 3% aqueous solution, put the resulting solution into a syringe, use a No. 7 needle, and use the existing For the electrospinning equipment, the instrument parameters are set as follows: the loading voltage is 18kV, the distance between the injector and the receiving plate is 10cm, the advancing speed is 0.1ml/h, and the relative air humidity is 35%. Nanofibers can be obtained after electrospinning is completed.

Test results: the dust removal rate is 63%, and the heavy metal adsorption rate is 43%.

Example 3

a. Modification of silk fibroin

Dissolve 0.5 mol of SF and 0.5 mol of DPPC in 10 mL of 0.1 M MES solution (pH=5.5, morpholineethanesulfonic acid), add 0.5 mol of EDC and NHS such as DPPC after 2 hours, and stir at room temperature for 3 hours Then take it out, wash and dry it with water, and finally place the silk fibroin aqueous solution in a freeze-drying apparatus at -80°C to freeze-dry to obtain silk fibroin powder.

b. Preparation of fiber membrane

Equivalent mass of silk fibroin powder and dioleoylphosphatidylcholine etc. are configured into 5ml of 3% aqueous solution, and the resulting solution is put into a syringe with a No. 7 needle, using the existing electrospinning equipment, and the equipment The parameters are: the loading voltage is 15kV, the distance between the injector and the receiving plate is 8cm, the advancing speed is 0.2ml/h, the relative humidity of the air is 35%, and the nanofibers can be obtained after electrospinning.

Test results: the dust removal rate is 92%, and the heavy metal adsorption rate is 85%.

Claims (6)

1. an artificial lung surfactant is used to remove the method for PM2.5, it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps: (1) Modification of silk fibroin Dissolve silk fibroin (SF) and DPPC at a molar ratio of 10:1-1:1 in 10mL, 0.1M MES solution, MES solution pH=5.5, morpholineethanesulfonic acid, add DPPC, etc. after 2 hours Molar ratio of 1-ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl]carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), stirring at room temperature for 3 hours, taking out, washing and drying , and finally put the silk fibroin aqueous solution in a freeze-drying apparatus at -80°C to freeze-dry to obtain silk fibroin powder; (2) Preparation of fiber membrane The same mass of silk fibroin powder and phospholipids are prepared into 5ml of 3% aqueous solution, and the resulting solution is put into a syringe with a No. 7 needle and the existing electrospinning equipment. The instrument parameters are set as follows: the loading voltage is at 10-20 kV, the distance between the injector and the receiving plate is 7-12 cm, the propulsion speed is 0.1 ml/h-0.3 ml/h, the relative humidity of the air is 35-45%, and the nanofibers can be obtained after electrospinning; (3) Dust adsorption The fiber membrane is made into 10cm × 10cm, and used as the core body of the split mask to obtain a new type of smog mask. The mask is placed in the smog evaluation chamber, and the diesel engine is used as the pollution source generator to pass dust detectors, dust component analysis and other technical testing. The control effect of masks on smog. 2. a kind of artificial lung surfactant according to claim 1 is used for the method for removing PM2.5, it is characterized in that, described phospholipid is soybean lecithin, egg yolk lecithin, hydrogenated lecithin, hydrogenated soybean phosphatidyl Choline, hydrogenated egg phosphatidylcholine, dilauroylphosphatidylcholine, dimyrisylphosphatidylcholine, distearoylphosphatidylcholine, 1-myristoyl-2-palmitoylphosphatidylcholine Choline, 1-palmitoyl-2-stearoylphosphatidylcholine, 1-stearoyl-2-palmitoylphosphatidylcholine, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine, 1-hard At least one of fatty acyl-2-linoleoylphosphatidylcholine or dioleoylphosphatidylcholine. 3. A method for removing PM2.5 by artificial lung surfactant according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step (3), the loading voltage is 10-20 kV, preferably 12- 18kV. 4. A method for removing PM2.5 with artificial lung surfactant according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step (3), the distance between the syringe and the receiving plate is 7-12 cm, preferably 8-10 cm. 5. A method for removing PM2.5 by artificial lung surfactant according to claim 1, characterized in that, the step is preferably in (3), the propulsion speed is 0.1 ml/h-0.3 ml/h h, preferably 0.1 ml/h-0.2 ml/h. 6. A method for removing PM2.5 by artificial lung surfactant according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step (3), the relative air humidity is 35-45%, preferably 35% -40%.