CN106830221A - A kind of method that Electro Sorb removes barium ions in water removal - Google Patents
A kind of method that Electro Sorb removes barium ions in water removal Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910001422 barium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- XDFCIPNJCBUZJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium(2+) Chemical compound [Ba+2] XDFCIPNJCBUZJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010033799 Paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 159000000009 barium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- -1 enamel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002216 heart Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000653 nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4691—Capacitive deionisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46133—Electrodes characterised by the material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种水处理技术领域的方法，具体是利用酸化活性炭纤维作为电极材料电吸附去除水中钡离子的方法。本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的，具体包括如下步骤：(1)活性炭纤维电极的盐酸改性处理；(2)组装活性炭纤维电极电吸附模块；(3)通过改变电吸附模块的工作电压、进水流量、进水钡离子浓度条件对水中铅离子进行吸附和脱附。本发明的优点在于：活性炭纤维电极酸化的方法简便易行，对环境无二次污染，易制作，用活性炭纤维电极对水中钡离子的吸附效率高，操作简单，可连续循环使用。The invention relates to a method in the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a method for removing barium ions in water by electric adsorption using acidified activated carbon fibers as electrode materials. The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, specifically comprising the following steps: (1) hydrochloric acid modification treatment of the activated carbon fiber electrode; (2) assembling the activated carbon fiber electrode electro-adsorption module; (3) by changing the operating voltage of the electro-adsorption module, Adsorption and desorption of lead ions in water are carried out under the conditions of influent flow rate and influent barium ion concentration. The invention has the advantages that the acidification method of the activated carbon fiber electrode is simple and easy to implement, has no secondary pollution to the environment, is easy to manufacture, has high adsorption efficiency of barium ions in water by using the activated carbon fiber electrode, is simple to operate, and can be continuously recycled.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种水处理技术领域的方法，具体是利用酸化活性炭纤维作为电极材料电吸附去除水中Ba2+离子的方法，该方法去除速率快，不产生二次污染。The invention relates to a method in the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a method for removing Ba 2+ ions in water by electro-adsorption using acidified activated carbon fiber as an electrode material. The method has a fast removal rate and does not generate secondary pollution.
背景技术Background technique
钡是环境样品中常见的痕量元素之一，被广泛的应用于石油、天然气、玻璃、搪瓷、油漆、杀虫剂等领域中。可溶性的钡盐对生物体有较大的毒性，刺激胃、肠道、心脏、神经系统等，继而麻痹。因此对于水中可溶性钡离子的去除是十分必要的。Barium is one of the common trace elements in environmental samples and is widely used in petroleum, natural gas, glass, enamel, paint, pesticides and other fields. Soluble barium salts are highly toxic to organisms, irritating the stomach, intestines, heart, nervous system, etc., and then paralyzed. Therefore, it is very necessary to remove soluble barium ions in water.
电容去离子(capacitive deionization，CDI)又称电吸附(electrosorption)，是一种利用带电的电极表面吸附水中离子和带电粒子，净化水体中离子及带电粒子的新型水处理技术，其优点是：去除过程不涉及氧化还原反应，能耗低；吸附饱和后的电极可通过施加反向电压或短路的方式得以再生，再生操作简便；去除离子过程中无需添加其他辅助材料，不产生二次污染；整个去除和再生过程中没有发生化学反应，电极使用寿命长。因此相比于传统除钡处理工艺，电容去离子技术在含钡等重金属废水处理的应用领域极具应用前景。Capacitive deionization (CDI), also known as electrosorption, is a new water treatment technology that uses charged electrode surfaces to absorb ions and charged particles in water and purify ions and charged particles in water. Its advantages are: The process does not involve redox reaction, and the energy consumption is low; the electrode after adsorption saturation can be regenerated by applying reverse voltage or short circuit, and the regeneration operation is simple; no other auxiliary materials are added during the ion removal process, and no secondary pollution is generated; the whole No chemical reaction occurs during the removal and regeneration process, and the electrode has a long service life. Therefore, compared with the traditional barium removal process, capacitive deionization technology has great application prospects in the application field of barium-containing and other heavy metal wastewater treatment.
活性炭纤维是一种强度大、密度小、耐腐蚀的新型非金属材料。由于活性炭纤维具有比表面积大，微孔体积数大以及电阻率小等特点，作为电吸附电极材料得到一定应用。活性炭纤维具有连续的块状结构，能直接用作电吸附电极，因此可以简化制作工艺并降低使用成本。Activated carbon fiber is a new type of non-metallic material with high strength, low density and corrosion resistance. Due to the characteristics of large specific surface area, large pore volume and low resistivity, activated carbon fiber has been used as an electrode material for electroadsorption. Activated carbon fibers have a continuous block structure and can be directly used as electroadsorption electrodes, thus simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing the cost of use.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明设计一种电吸附去除水中钡离子的方法，包括以下具体步骤：The present invention designs a method for removing barium ions in water by electrosorption, comprising the following specific steps:
(1)活性炭纤维酸化处理：用盐酸浸泡，然后用大量的去离子水冲洗，直至pH值为中性，电导率值小于5μS·cm-1。放置于烘箱中110℃烘干，置于干燥器中得到酸化活性炭纤维；(1) Acidification treatment of activated carbon fibers: soak in hydrochloric acid, and then rinse with a large amount of deionized water until the pH value is neutral and the conductivity value is less than 5 μS·cm -1 . Place in an oven to dry at 110°C, and place in a desiccator to obtain acidified activated carbon fibers;
(2)制备活性炭纤维电极：将步骤(1)中的酸化活性炭纤维裁剪成块状大小得到活性炭纤维电极；(2) Preparation of activated carbon fiber electrodes: cutting acidified activated carbon fibers in step (1) into block size to obtain activated carbon fiber electrodes;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的活性炭纤维电极组装安装在电吸附模块中电吸附去除水中重金属离子；(3) The activated carbon fiber electrode obtained in step (2) is assembled and installed in an electrosorption module to remove heavy metal ions in water by electrosorption;
(4)电吸附法去除水中重金属离子：配置重金属离子溶液，量取重金属离子溶液在烧杯中，将步骤(3)中组装好的活性炭纤维电极电吸附模块进行电吸附实验。电吸附实验利用蠕动泵抽取烧杯中的重金属离子溶液进入到电吸附模块，最终循环到烧杯中，同时使用电导率仪实时监测溶液中电导率的变化，当电导率保持不变时，即活性炭纤维电极达到吸附平衡。(4) Removal of heavy metal ions in water by electro-adsorption: configure a heavy metal ion solution, measure the heavy metal ion solution in a beaker, and conduct an electro-adsorption experiment on the activated carbon fiber electrode electro-adsorption module assembled in step (3). The electro-adsorption experiment uses a peristaltic pump to pump the heavy metal ion solution in the beaker into the electro-adsorption module, and finally circulates into the beaker. At the same time, a conductivity meter is used to monitor the change of the conductivity in the solution in real time. When the conductivity remains unchanged, that is, the activated carbon fiber The electrode reaches adsorption equilibrium.
(5)活性炭纤维电极的脱附再生：当活性炭纤维电极达到吸附饱和，将施加在电吸附模块上的电压短路或去除，溶液中的电导率将逐渐恢复到初始值，电极得到了脱附再生。(5) Desorption regeneration of the activated carbon fiber electrode: When the activated carbon fiber electrode reaches adsorption saturation, short-circuit or remove the voltage applied to the electrosorption module, the conductivity in the solution will gradually return to the initial value, and the electrode has been desorbed and regenerated .
步骤(1)中所述的盐酸的浓度为1mol·L-1，浸泡时间为3h，pH值接近6.9。The concentration of hydrochloric acid in step (1) is 1 mol·L -1 , the soaking time is 3 hours, and the pH value is close to 6.9.
步骤(2)中所述的活性炭纤维电极大小为5cm×5cm。The size of the activated carbon fiber electrode described in step (2) is 5cm×5cm.
步骤(3)所述的活性炭纤维电极电吸附去除水中的重金属离子为Ba2+。The activated carbon fiber electrode described in step (3) electro-adsorbs and removes heavy metal ions in water as Ba 2+ .
步骤(4)所述的重金属离子Ba2+的浓度为100mg/L，工作电压为1.4V，进水流量为15ml/min。The concentration of the heavy metal ion Ba 2+ described in step (4) is 100mg/L, the working voltage is 1.4V, and the influent flow rate is 15ml/min.
本发明的优点在于：活性炭纤维的酸化改性的方法简便易行，易制作且环保无二次污染，利用改性后的活性炭纤维电极作为电吸附模块的电极具有效率高，操作简单，材料易制得且材料的循环使用性能与不经过改性后的材料具有大幅度的提升。The advantages of the present invention are: the method of acidification modification of activated carbon fiber is simple and easy to implement, easy to manufacture and environmentally friendly without secondary pollution, using the modified activated carbon fiber electrode as the electrode of the electro-adsorption module has high efficiency, simple operation, and easy-to-use material The recycling performance of the prepared material is greatly improved compared with that of the unmodified material.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图对本发明进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
图1为实施例一中制备的活性炭纤维改性后的扫描电镜图(SEM图)；Fig. 1 is the scanning electron micrograph (SEM figure) after the modified activated carbon fiber prepared in embodiment one;
图2为实施例二中溶液Ba2+初始浓度对Ba2+去除率的影响；Fig. 2 is solution Ba in the embodiment two The impact of initial concentration on Ba 2+ removal rate;
图3为实施例三中工作电压对Ba2+去除率的影响；Fig. 3 is the influence of operating voltage on Ba in embodiment three + removal rate;
图4为实施例四中进水流量对Ba2+去除率的影响；Fig. 4 is the impact of influent flow rate on Ba in embodiment four + removal rate;
图5为实施例五中活性炭纤维电极的吸附脱附再生次数对吸附于脱附率的影响。Fig. 5 is the effect of the adsorption-desorption regeneration times of the activated carbon fiber electrode on the adsorption-desorption rate in Example 5.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下对本发明的实施例作详细说明：本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式，但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below: the present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation is provided, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
实施例一Embodiment one
活性炭纤维的预处理：将活性炭纤维裁剪成5cm×5cm的大小，用1mol·L-1的盐酸浸泡3h，以去除活性炭纤维表面的灰分，然后用大量的去离子水冲洗，直至pH值为中性，电导率值小于5μS·cm-1。放置于烘箱中110℃烘干，置于干燥器中。Pretreatment of activated carbon fibers: Cut the activated carbon fibers into a size of 5 cm × 5 cm, soak them in 1 mol L -1 hydrochloric acid for 3 h to remove the ash on the surface of the activated carbon fibers, and then rinse them with a large amount of deionized water until the pH value is neutral properties, the conductivity value is less than 5μS·cm -1 . Place in an oven to dry at 110°C and place in a desiccator.
实施例二Embodiment two
活性炭纤维酸化改性后电极制备过程与实施例一相同。The electrode preparation process after acidification modification of activated carbon fiber is the same as that of Example 1.
对活性炭纤维电极组成的电吸附模块进行电吸附去除水中钡离子的实验。将电吸附实验条件设置成电压为1.0V，进水流量为10mL/min，极板间距控制在1mm的条件下，分别研究了钡离子初始浓度在150mg/L、120mg/L、100mg/L、70mg/L时活性炭纤维电吸附去除钡离子的效果。实验结果如图2所示，可见改性后的活性纤维电极对Ba2+具有较好的吸附效果。The experiment of removing barium ions in water by electrosorption was carried out on the electrosorption module composed of activated carbon fiber electrodes. The electro-adsorption experimental conditions were set as voltage 1.0V, influent water flow rate 10mL/min, and the distance between the plates was controlled at 1mm. The effect of activated carbon fiber electrosorption to remove barium ions at 70mg/L. The experimental results are shown in Figure 2. It can be seen that the modified active fiber electrode has a good adsorption effect on Ba 2+ .
实施例三Embodiment three
活性炭纤维酸化改性后电极制备过程与实施例一相同。The electrode preparation process after acidification modification of activated carbon fiber is the same as that of Example 1.
选取初始浓度为150mg/L的钡离子溶液，电极间距由夹在两电极间的无纺布隔离，间距控制在1mm，控制进水流量为10ml/min，分别施加0V、1.0V、1.2V、1.4V、1.6V的工作电压，用活性炭纤维电极组装成电吸附模块进行电吸附去除钡离子实验，结果如图3示。可见在工作电压合适的情况下改性后的活性纤维电极对Ba2+具有较好的吸附效果。A barium ion solution with an initial concentration of 150mg/L was selected, and the distance between the electrodes was separated by a non-woven fabric sandwiched between the two electrodes. Working voltages of 1.4V and 1.6V, activated carbon fiber electrodes were used to assemble an electrosorption module to carry out electrosorption experiments to remove barium ions, and the results are shown in Figure 3. It can be seen that the modified active fiber electrode has a better adsorption effect on Ba 2+ when the working voltage is appropriate.
实施例四Embodiment Four
活性炭纤维酸化改性后电极制备过程与实施例一相同。The electrode preparation process after acidification modification of activated carbon fiber is the same as that of Example 1.
实验条件选取了钡离子浓度为100mg/L，工作电压控制在1.4V，电极间距由夹在两电极间的无纺布隔离，间距控制在1mm研究了活性炭纤维电极的吸附效果。The experimental conditions selected the concentration of barium ions as 100mg/L, the working voltage was controlled at 1.4V, the distance between the electrodes was separated by non-woven fabric sandwiched between the two electrodes, and the distance was controlled at 1mm to study the adsorption effect of activated carbon fiber electrodes.
实施例五Embodiment five
活性炭纤维酸化改性后电极制备过程与实施例一相同。The electrode preparation process after acidification modification of activated carbon fiber is the same as that of Example 1.
对活性炭纤维改性后制成的电吸附电极进行循环电吸附实验。将活性炭纤维电极安装在电吸附模块中，施加工作电压为1.4V，进水流量控制在15ml/min循环吸附脱附浓度为100mg/L的Ba2+溶液，计算其吸附率与脱附率。实验结果如图5所示。第一次循环吸附脱附实验后，活性炭纤维的吸附率为48.15％，经过五次循环吸附脱附实验后，去除率仅降低了7.94％，说明该材料具有极高的再生性能。Cyclic electrosorption experiments were carried out on the electroadsorption electrodes made of modified activated carbon fibers. The activated carbon fiber electrode was installed in the electro-adsorption module, the applied working voltage was 1.4V, the influent flow rate was controlled at 15ml/min, and the Ba 2+ solution with a desorption concentration of 100mg/L was circulated, and the adsorption and desorption rates were calculated. The experimental results are shown in Figure 5. After the first cycle of adsorption-desorption experiments, the adsorption rate of activated carbon fibers was 48.15%, and after five cycles of adsorption-desorption experiments, the removal rate was only reduced by 7.94%, indicating that the material has extremely high regeneration performance.
Claims (6)
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| CN114956277A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-08-30 | 常州大学 | Electrochemical defluorination method |
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| CN103708587A (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2014-04-09 | 长沙皓龙环保科技有限公司 | Preparation method of composite electrode for removing arsenic in water based on electro-adsorption and method for removing arsenic |
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| CN103708587A (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2014-04-09 | 长沙皓龙环保科技有限公司 | Preparation method of composite electrode for removing arsenic in water based on electro-adsorption and method for removing arsenic |
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| CN114956277A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-08-30 | 常州大学 | Electrochemical defluorination method |
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