CN106830473A - The advanced oxidization method of NSAIDs in a kind of ultraviolet hydrogen peroxide removal sewage - Google Patents
The advanced oxidization method of NSAIDs in a kind of ultraviolet hydrogen peroxide removal sewage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种紫外过氧化氢去除污水中非甾体抗炎药的高级氧化方法,将污水依次通过沉沙池、二沉池,进行大颗粒的分离;将分离大颗粒的污水通入光反应器中加入质量分数为30%的H2O2溶液,开启UV灯管,进行氧化反应,随后通过消毒池进行消毒,最后检测污水中非甾体抗炎药的含量;本发明使用UV高级氧化工艺,有效去除污水中的非甾体抗炎药,使污水排放达到要求,降低了非甾体抗炎药的环境风险。本方法具有设备简单、操作简便、经济合理等优点,弥补了目前污水净化工艺的不足。
The invention discloses an advanced oxidation method for removing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in sewage by ultraviolet hydrogen peroxide. The sewage is sequentially passed through a sedimentation tank and a secondary sedimentation tank to separate large particles; the sewage separated from large particles is passed into Add H2O2 solution with a mass fraction of 30% in the photoreactor , turn on the UV lamp tube, carry out the oxidation reaction, then carry out disinfection through the disinfection pool, and finally detect the content of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the sewage; the present invention uses UV The advanced oxidation process effectively removes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in sewage, makes sewage discharge meet the requirements, and reduces the environmental risk of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The method has the advantages of simple equipment, convenient operation, reasonable economy, etc., and makes up for the shortcomings of the current sewage purification process.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及非甾体抗炎药处理技术领域,具体是涉及一种紫外过氧化氢去除污水中非甾体抗炎药的高级氧化方法。The invention relates to the technical field of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment, in particular to an advanced oxidation method for removing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in sewage by ultraviolet hydrogen peroxide.
背景技术Background technique
非甾体抗炎药是一类临床中广泛应用的消炎药物,我国每年的用量仅次于抗感染药。按化学结构非甾体抗炎药可分为以下种类:甲酸类,如阿司匹林;乙酸类,如双氯芬酸、吲哚美辛;丙酸类,如布洛芬、萘普生;昔康类,如吡罗昔康、美洛昔康;昔布类,如塞来昔布、罗非昔布;吡唑酮类,如保泰松、氨基比林;其他,如尼美舒利。这些药物经人服用后不能全部被人体吸收,剩余部分会随尿液、粪便排出体外进入环境。而污水处理厂是其主要集聚地。作为一类新型污染物,现有毒性研究表明非甾体抗炎药会对青鳉鱼、斑马鱼、大型蚤、浮萍等水生生物产生生态毒性。因此,如何在污水处理系统中有效去除非甾体抗炎药日益受到人们的关注。Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a class of anti-inflammatory drugs widely used in clinical practice, and their annual consumption in my country is second only to anti-infective drugs. According to the chemical structure, NSAIDs can be divided into the following categories: formic acids, such as aspirin; acetic acids, such as diclofenac, indomethacin; propionic acids, such as ibuprofen, naproxen; oxicams, such as Piroxicam, meloxicam; coxibs, such as celecoxib, rofecoxib; pyrazolones, such as phenylbutazone, aminopyrine; others, such as nimesulide. These drugs cannot be completely absorbed by the human body after being taken by people, and the remaining part will be excreted into the environment with urine and feces. The sewage treatment plant is its main gathering place. As a new class of pollutants, existing toxicity studies have shown that NSAIDs can cause ecotoxicity to aquatic organisms such as medaka, zebrafish, magna, and duckweed. Therefore, how to effectively remove non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in sewage treatment systems has attracted increasing attention.
污水的深度处理工艺作为保障污水安全排放的重要环节,研究不同的深度处理工艺对非甾体抗炎药去除的效果具有重要意义。目前的一些深度处理工艺中,活性炭吸附、混凝沉淀、氯化消毒对非甾体抗炎药去除效果不理想。过氧化氢对非甾体抗炎药没有去除效果,臭氧高级氧化工艺在实际污水处理厂的投加剂量和接触时间下,也只能部分去除非甾体抗炎药。使用UV高级氧化工艺去除实际污水中的非甾体抗炎药尚无系统的研究。The advanced treatment process of sewage is an important link to ensure the safe discharge of sewage. It is of great significance to study the effect of different advanced treatment processes on the removal of NSAIDs. Among the current advanced treatment processes, activated carbon adsorption, coagulation precipitation, and chlorination disinfection are not ideal for the removal of NSAIDs. Hydrogen peroxide has no removal effect on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and the advanced ozone oxidation process can only partially remove non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs under the dosage and contact time of the actual sewage treatment plant. There is no systematic research on the removal of NSAIDs in actual sewage using UV advanced oxidation process.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明解决的技术问题是提供一种紫外过氧化氢去除污水中非甾体抗炎药的高级氧化方法,该方法对于双氯芬酸、布洛芬、萘普生均有更优的去除效果,能有效去除污水中的非甾体抗炎药。The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide an advanced oxidation method for removing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in sewage by ultraviolet hydrogen peroxide. This method has better removal effect on diclofenac, ibuprofen and naproxen, and can Removal of NSAIDs in sewage.
本发明的技术方案是:Technical scheme of the present invention is:
一种紫外过氧化氢去除污水中非甾体抗炎药的高级氧化方法,包括以下步骤:An advanced oxidation method for removing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in sewage by ultraviolet hydrogen peroxide, comprising the following steps:
(1)随机取污水上清液3-5次,对上清液中非甾体抗炎药浓度检测,并记录检测数据;(1) Randomly take the sewage supernatant for 3-5 times, detect the concentration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the supernatant, and record the detection data;
(2)将污水通入沉沙池,在沉沙池内加入絮凝剂,与污水的质容比为10-100g:1L,沉沙池有变速搅拌器,先以150-250r/min的转速快速搅拌5-15min混凝,然后以60-80r/min的转速慢速搅拌5-15min絮凝,随后污水在重力左右下自流至二沉池,加入pH调节剂,使污水的pH值小于8.0,通过二沉池滤除2μm以上颗粒;(2) Pass the sewage into the grit chamber, add flocculant in the grit chamber, and the mass-to-volume ratio of the sewage to the sewage is 10-100g: 1L. Stir for 5-15 minutes to coagulate, then slowly stir at a speed of 60-80r/min for 5-15 minutes to flocculate, then the sewage flows to the secondary sedimentation tank by gravity, and a pH regulator is added to make the pH of the sewage less than 8.0. The secondary sedimentation tank filters out particles above 2 μm;
(3)二沉池分离后的上清液通过水泵排入光反应器中,向上清液中加入质量浓度为30%的H2O2溶液,使得H2O2与非甾体抗炎药的摩尔浓度比为(1-100):1,随后使用紫外灯进行光照处理,光照时间为5-10min,通过电磁搅拌保持均匀;最后加入的摩尔浓度为0.1mM的Na2SO3;(3) The supernatant after the separation of the secondary sedimentation tank is discharged into the photoreactor through a water pump, and a 30% H 2 O 2 solution is added to the supernatant to make H 2 O 2 and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug The molar concentration ratio is (1-100): 1, and then the ultraviolet lamp is used for light treatment, the light time is 5-10min, and it is kept uniform by electromagnetic stirring; the last added molar concentration is 0.1mM Na 2 SO 3 ;
(4)将步骤(3)所得污水排入消毒池,向消毒池中通入ClO2气体,使污水中有效氯含量为5-20ppm;随机取消毒池的水样进行非甾体抗炎药的检测,将检测结果记录,与步骤一记录的检测结果相比较分析,最后将接触消毒池的出水排放。(4) Step ( 3 ) gained sewage is discharged into the disinfection tank, and ClO gas is passed into the disinfection tank, so that the available chlorine content in the sewage is 5-20ppm; the water sample in the disinfection tank is subjected to NSAIDs at random For the test, record the test result, compare and analyze it with the test result recorded in step 1, and finally discharge the effluent from the contact disinfection tank.
进一步的,步骤(1)所述的絮凝剂是有机絮凝剂和无机絮凝剂以质量比1:1-1.5的比例混合所得,所述有机絮凝剂为聚丙酰胺、聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵、聚乙烯吡啶铵中的一种或两种混合,所述的无机絮凝剂为聚合双酸铝铁、聚氯化铝、硫酸亚铁中的一种或多种混合,能够生成较大的絮凝体而沉淀,有效的去除污水多种的悬浮物和大分子物质。Further, the flocculant described in step (1) is obtained by mixing an organic flocculant and an inorganic flocculant at a mass ratio of 1:1-1.5, and the organic flocculant is polyacrylamide, polydimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride, polyvinylpyridinium ammonium or a mixture of two, the inorganic flocculant is a mixture of one or more of polyaluminum iron bis-acid, polyaluminum chloride, and ferrous sulfate, which can form a relatively Large flocs are precipitated, effectively removing various suspended solids and macromolecular substances in sewage.
进一步的,步骤(1)所述的pH调节剂为浓度0.05mol/L的H2SO4,通过调节使污水呈酸性或弱碱性,避免腐蚀光反应器。Further, the pH adjuster in step (1) is H 2 SO 4 with a concentration of 0.05 mol/L, and the pH adjuster can make the sewage acidic or weakly alkaline through adjustment to avoid corrosion of the photoreactor.
进一步的,步骤(2)所述的光反应器主要采用石英玻璃材料,中间竖直放置石英管套,石英管内放置紫外灯,石英玻璃对紫外光的透射率高,促进H2O2分解产生·OH。Further, the photoreactor described in step (2) is mainly made of quartz glass, a quartz tube sleeve is placed vertically in the middle, and an ultraviolet lamp is placed in the quartz tube. The quartz glass has a high transmittance to ultraviolet light, which promotes the decomposition of H 2 O 2 to produce ·OH.
进一步的,所述的紫外灯为22W低压汞灯,发光波长为254nm,石英管壁外壁紫外光强度为1.35mW/cm2。Further, the ultraviolet lamp is a 22W low-pressure mercury lamp, the emission wavelength is 254nm, and the ultraviolet light intensity on the outer wall of the quartz tube is 1.35mW/cm 2 .
进一步的,步骤(1)、步骤(4)所述的污水中非甾体抗炎药的检测方法为高效液相色谱-串联质谱法,具体步骤如下:Further, the detection method of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in sewage described in step (1) and step (4) is high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and the specific steps are as follows:
(A)三种非甾体抗炎药浓缩纯化:(A) Concentration and purification of three kinds of NSAIDs:
(a)用3mL甲醇平衡CNW HLB小柱;(a) Equilibrate the CNW HLB small column with 3mL methanol;
(b)用3mL纯水洗涤CNW HLB小柱;(b) Wash the CNW HLB cartridge with 3mL of pure water;
(c)将50mL水样以1mL/min的速度通过CNW HLB小柱;(c) Pass 50mL water sample through the CNW HLB column at a speed of 1mL/min;
(d)用3mL 5%甲醇再次洗涤CNW HLB小柱;(d) wash the CNW HLB small column again with 3mL of 5% methanol;
(e)用6mL甲醇溶液洗脱,洗脱液氮吹定容至1mL,存于4℃冰箱,以待后续的上机检测;(e) Elute with 6mL of methanol solution, blow the eluent to 1mL with liquid nitrogen, and store in a refrigerator at 4°C for subsequent on-board testing;
(B)液质联用检测非甾体抗炎药浓度。(B) The concentration of NSAIDs was detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
进一步的,非甾体抗炎药的去除率=(1-Ct/C0)×100%,C0为初始浓度,Ct为反应时间t时的非甾体抗炎药浓度。动力学模拟时,纵坐标为Ln(C0/Ct),其中C0为初始浓度,Ct为反应时间t时的非甾体抗炎药浓度,测定的非甾体抗炎药包括双氯芬酸、布洛芬、萘普生。Further, the removal rate of NSAIDs=(1-C t /C 0 )×100%, C 0 is the initial concentration, and C t is the concentration of NSAIDs at the reaction time t. During kinetic simulation, the ordinate is Ln(C 0 /C t ), where C 0 is the initial concentration, C t is the concentration of NSAIDs at the reaction time t, and the NSAIDs tested include diclofenac , ibuprofen, naproxen.
本发明的有益效果为:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、本发明使用UV高级氧化工艺,通过催化分解一些氧化剂等,产生氧化性极强的羟基自由基(·OH)从而使水中多种污染物分解或矿化,可有效去除污水中的非甾体抗炎药,使污水排放达到要求,避免了对环境的污染;1. The present invention uses UV advanced oxidation technology to catalyze and decompose some oxidants, etc., to generate highly oxidizing hydroxyl radicals (OH) so as to decompose or mineralize various pollutants in water, and can effectively remove non-steroidal pollutants in sewage. Anti-inflammatory drugs are used to meet the requirements of sewage discharge and avoid environmental pollution;
2、本发明的方法处理效果好,也更为经济,具有设备简单、操作简便、费用便宜等优点,且无污染、稳定性高;2. The method of the present invention has good treatment effect, is also more economical, has the advantages of simple equipment, easy operation, cheap cost, etc., and has no pollution and high stability;
3、本发明弥补了目前污净化工艺的不足,改进现有技术对非甾体抗炎药效果差、运行不稳定的缺点,填补了国内外有关水源中非甾体抗炎药去除技术的空白。3. The present invention makes up for the shortcomings of the current pollution purification process, improves the shortcomings of the existing technology, such as poor effect on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and unstable operation, and fills in the blank of domestic and foreign related technologies for removing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in water sources .
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的操作流程图;Fig. 1 is the operation flowchart of the present invention;
图2是光照时间对非甾体抗炎药降解的影响关系图;Fig. 2 is the relationship diagram of the impact of light time on the degradation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
图3是氧化剂浓度对非甾体抗炎药去除效果的影响关系图。Fig. 3 is a graph showing the influence of oxidant concentration on the removal effect of NSAIDs.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are the embodiment of the present invention Some, but not all, embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
现结合具体实施例对本发明进一步具体说明。The present invention is further specifically described in conjunction with specific embodiments now.
该实施例是以南京某市政污水处理厂的二级生物出水为对象进行的。This embodiment is carried out with the secondary biological effluent of a municipal sewage treatment plant in Nanjing as the object.
实施例1:一种紫外过氧化氢去除污水中非甾体抗炎药的高级氧化方法,包括以下步骤:Embodiment 1: A kind of advanced oxidation method of ultraviolet hydrogen peroxide removal non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in sewage, comprises the following steps:
(1)随机取污水上清液3次,对上清液中非甾体抗炎药浓度检测,并记录检测数据,并取平均值;(1) Randomly take the sewage supernatant 3 times, detect the concentration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the supernatant, record the detection data, and take the average value;
(2)将污水通入沉沙池,在沉沙池内加入絮凝剂,与污水的质容比为20g:1L,沉沙池有变速搅拌器,先以150r/min的转速快速搅拌5min混凝,然后以60r/min的转速慢速搅拌5min絮凝,随后污水在重力左右下自流至二沉池,加入pH调节剂,使污水的pH值为5.0,通过二沉池滤除2μm以上颗粒;絮凝剂是有机絮凝剂和无机絮凝剂以质量比1:1的比例混合所得,有机絮凝剂为聚丙酰胺、聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵、聚乙烯吡啶铵两种混合,无机絮凝剂为双酸聚合铝铁、聚氯化铝、硫酸亚铁中的混合;pH调节剂为浓度0.05mol/L的H2SO4;(2) Pass the sewage into the grit chamber, add flocculant into the grit chamber, the mass-to-volume ratio to the sewage is 20g: 1L, the grit chamber has a variable speed agitator, first stir at a speed of 150r/min for 5min for coagulation , and then stirred at a slow speed of 60r/min for 5 minutes to flocculate, and then the sewage flows to the secondary sedimentation tank by gravity, and a pH regulator is added to make the pH of the sewage 5.0, and the particles above 2 μm are filtered out through the secondary sedimentation tank; flocculation The agent is obtained by mixing organic flocculant and inorganic flocculant at a mass ratio of 1:1. The organic flocculant is a mixture of polyacrylamide, polydimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride and polyvinylpyridinium ammonium. It is a mixture of bis-acid polyaluminum iron, polyaluminum chloride, and ferrous sulfate; the pH regulator is H 2 SO 4 with a concentration of 0.05mol/L;
(3)二沉池分离后的上清液通过水泵排入光反应器中,向上清液中加入质量浓度为30%的H2O2溶液,使得H2O2与非甾体抗炎药的摩尔浓度比为30:1,随后使用紫外灯进行光照处理,光照时间为5min,通过电磁搅拌保持均匀;最后加入的摩尔浓度为0.1mM的Na2SO3;光反应器主要采用石英玻璃材料,中间竖直放置石英管套,石英管内放置紫外灯,通过紫外灯发出紫外光;紫外灯为22W低压汞灯,发光波长为254nm,石英管壁外壁紫外光强度为1.35mW/cm2;(3) The supernatant after the separation of the secondary sedimentation tank is discharged into the photoreactor through a water pump, and a 30% H 2 O 2 solution is added to the supernatant to make H 2 O 2 and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug The molar concentration ratio is 30:1, and then use ultraviolet light for light treatment, the light time is 5min, and keep it uniform by electromagnetic stirring; the last added molar concentration is 0.1mM Na 2 SO 3 ; the photoreactor is mainly made of quartz glass material , a quartz tube sleeve is placed vertically in the middle, and an ultraviolet lamp is placed in the quartz tube to emit ultraviolet light through the ultraviolet lamp; the ultraviolet lamp is a 22W low-pressure mercury lamp, the luminous wavelength is 254nm, and the ultraviolet light intensity on the outer wall of the quartz tube wall is 1.35mW/cm 2 ;
(4)将步骤(3)所得污水排入消毒池,向消毒池中通入ClO2气体,使污水中有效氯含量为5ppm;随机取消毒池的水样进行非甾体抗炎药的检测,将检测结果记录,与步骤一记录的检测结果相比较分析,最后将接触消毒池的出水排至城市污水管网;(4) step (3) gained sewage is discharged into the disinfection tank, and in the disinfection tank, feeds into ClO 2 gas, making available chlorine content in the sewage is 5ppm; The water sample of the disinfection tank at random carries out the detection of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs , record the test result, compare and analyze it with the test result recorded in step 1, and finally discharge the effluent from the contact disinfection tank to the urban sewage pipe network;
步骤(1)、步骤(4)所述的一种污水中非甾体抗炎药的检测方法为高效液相色谱-串联质谱法,具体步骤如下:The detection method of a kind of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in sewage described in step (1), step (4) is high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and concrete steps are as follows:
(A)三种非甾体抗炎药浓缩纯化:(A) Concentration and purification of three kinds of NSAIDs:
(a)用3mL甲醇平衡CNW HLB小柱;(a) Equilibrate the CNW HLB small column with 3mL methanol;
(b)用3mL纯水洗涤CNW HLB小柱;(b) Wash the CNW HLB cartridge with 3mL of pure water;
(c)将50mL水样以1mL/min的速度通过CNW HLB小柱;(c) Pass 50mL water sample through the CNW HLB column at a speed of 1mL/min;
(d)用3mL 5%甲醇再次洗涤CNW HLB小柱;(d) wash the CNW HLB small column again with 3mL of 5% methanol;
(e)用6mL甲醇溶液洗脱,洗脱液氮吹定容至1mL,存于4℃冰箱,以待后续的上机检测;(e) Elute with 6mL of methanol solution, blow the eluent to 1mL with liquid nitrogen, and store in a refrigerator at 4°C for subsequent on-board testing;
(B)液质联用检测非甾体抗炎药浓度。(B) The concentration of NSAIDs was detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
实施例2:一种紫外过氧化氢去除污水中非甾体抗炎药的高级氧化方法,包括以下步骤:Embodiment 2: a kind of advanced oxidation method of ultraviolet hydrogen peroxide removal non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in sewage, comprises the following steps:
(1)随机取污水上清液4次,对上清液中非甾体抗炎药浓度检测,并记录检测数据;(1) Randomly take the sewage supernatant 4 times, detect the concentration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the supernatant, and record the detection data;
(2)将污水通入沉沙池,在沉沙池内加入絮凝剂,与污水的质容比为50g:1L,沉沙池有变速搅拌器,先以200r/min的转速快速搅拌10min混凝,然后以70r/min的转速慢速搅拌10min絮凝,随后污水在重力左右下自流至二沉池,加入pH调节剂,使污水的pH值为7.0,通过二沉池滤除2μm以上颗粒;絮凝剂是有机絮凝剂和无机絮凝剂以质量比1:1.2的比例混合所得,所述有机絮凝剂为聚丙酰胺、聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵、聚乙烯吡啶铵中的两种混合,所述的无机絮凝剂为双酸聚合铝铁、聚氯化铝、硫酸亚铁中的多种混合;pH调节剂为浓度0.05mol/L的H2SO4;(2) Pass the sewage into the grit chamber, add flocculant into the grit chamber, the mass-to-volume ratio to the sewage is 50g:1L, the grit chamber has a variable speed agitator, and first stir at a speed of 200r/min for 10min to coagulate , and then stirred at a slow speed of 70r/min for 10min to flocculate, then the sewage flows to the secondary sedimentation tank by gravity, and a pH regulator is added to make the pH of the sewage 7.0, and the particles above 2 μm are filtered out through the secondary sedimentation tank; flocculation The agent is obtained by mixing organic flocculant and inorganic flocculant at a mass ratio of 1:1.2. The organic flocculant is a mixture of polyacrylamide, polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride and polyvinylpyridinium , the inorganic flocculant is a mixture of bis-acid polyaluminum iron, polyaluminum chloride, and ferrous sulfate; the pH regulator is H 2 SO 4 with a concentration of 0.05mol/L;
(3)二沉池分离后的上清液通过水泵排入光反应器中,向上清液中加入质量浓度为30%的H2O2溶液,使得H2O2与非甾体抗炎药的摩尔浓度比为50:1,随后使用紫外灯进行光照处理,光照时间为5-10min,通过电磁搅拌保持均匀;最后加入的摩尔浓度为0.1mM的Na2SO3;光反应器主要采用石英玻璃材料,中间竖直放置石英管套,石英管内放置紫外灯,通过紫外灯发出紫外光;紫外灯为22W低压汞灯,发光波长为254nm,石英管壁外壁紫外光强度为1.35mW/cm2;(3) The supernatant after the separation of the secondary sedimentation tank is discharged into the photoreactor through a water pump, and a 30% H 2 O 2 solution is added to the supernatant to make H 2 O 2 and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug The molar concentration ratio is 50:1, and then use ultraviolet light for light treatment, the light time is 5-10min, and keep it uniform by electromagnetic stirring; the last added molar concentration is 0.1mM Na 2 SO 3 ; the photoreactor mainly uses quartz Glass material, a quartz tube sleeve is placed vertically in the middle, an ultraviolet lamp is placed in the quartz tube, and ultraviolet light is emitted through the ultraviolet lamp; the ultraviolet lamp is a 22W low-pressure mercury lamp, the emission wavelength is 254nm, and the ultraviolet light intensity on the outer wall of the quartz tube wall is 1.35mW/cm 2 ;
(4)将步骤(3)所得污水排入消毒池,向消毒池中通入ClO2气体,使污水中有效氯含量为10ppm;随机取消毒池的水样进行非甾体抗炎药的检测,将检测结果记录,与步骤一记录的检测结果相比较分析,最后将接触消毒池的出水排至城市污水管网。(4) step (3) gained sewage is discharged into the disinfection tank, and in the disinfection tank, feeds into ClO 2 gas, making the available chlorine content in the sewage be 10ppm; The water sample of the disinfection tank at random carries out the detection of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs , record the test results, compare and analyze them with the test results recorded in step 1, and finally discharge the effluent from the contact disinfection tank to the urban sewage pipe network.
步骤(1)、步骤(4)所述的污水中非甾体抗炎药的检测方法为高效液相色谱-串联质谱法,具体步骤如下:The detection method of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in the sewage described in step (1), step (4) is high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and the specific steps are as follows:
(A)三种非甾体抗炎药浓缩纯化:(A) Concentration and purification of three kinds of NSAIDs:
(a)用3mL甲醇平衡CNW HLB小柱;(a) Equilibrate the CNW HLB small column with 3mL methanol;
(b)用3mL纯水洗涤CNW HLB小柱;(b) Wash the CNW HLB cartridge with 3mL of pure water;
(c)将50mL水样以1mL/min的速度通过CNW HLB小柱;(c) Pass 50mL water sample through the CNW HLB column at a speed of 1mL/min;
(d)用3mL 5%甲醇再次洗涤CNW HLB小柱;(d) wash the CNW HLB small column again with 3mL of 5% methanol;
(e)用6mL甲醇溶液洗脱,洗脱液氮吹定容至1mL,存于4℃冰箱,以待后续的上机检测;(e) Elute with 6mL of methanol solution, blow the eluent to 1mL with liquid nitrogen, and store in a refrigerator at 4°C for subsequent on-board testing;
(B)液质联用检测非甾体抗炎药浓度。(B) The concentration of NSAIDs was detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
实施例3:一种紫外过氧化氢去除污水中非甾体抗炎药的高级氧化方法,包括以下步骤:Embodiment 3: a kind of advanced oxidation method of ultraviolet hydrogen peroxide removal non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in sewage, comprises the following steps:
(1)随机取污水上清液5次,对上清液中非甾体抗炎药浓度检测,并记录检测数据;(1) Take the sewage supernatant at random for 5 times, detect the concentration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the supernatant, and record the detection data;
(2)将污水通入沉沙池,在沉沙池内加入絮凝剂,与污水的质容比为100g:1L,沉沙池有变速搅拌器,先以250r/min的转速快速搅拌10min混凝,然后以80r/min的转速慢速搅拌5-15min絮凝,随后污水在重力左右下自流至二沉池,加入pH调节剂,使污水的pH值为8.0,通过二沉池滤除2μm以上颗粒;絮凝剂是有机絮凝剂和无机絮凝剂以质量比1:1.5的比例混合所得,所述有机絮凝剂为聚丙酰胺、聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵、聚乙烯吡啶铵中的两种混合,所述的无机絮凝剂为双酸聚合铝铁、聚氯化铝、硫酸亚铁中的多种混合;pH调节剂为浓度0.05mol/L的H2SO4;(2) Pass the sewage into the grit chamber, add flocculant into the grit chamber, the mass-to-volume ratio to the sewage is 100g: 1L, the grit chamber has a variable-speed agitator, first stir quickly at a speed of 250r/min for 10min to coagulate , and then stirred at a slow speed of 80r/min for 5-15min to flocculate, and then the sewage flows to the secondary sedimentation tank by gravity, and a pH regulator is added to make the pH of the sewage 8.0, and the particles above 2 μm are filtered through the secondary sedimentation tank The flocculant is obtained by mixing an organic flocculant and an inorganic flocculant at a mass ratio of 1:1.5, and the organic flocculant is two of polyacrylamide, polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride, and polyvinylpyridinium A mixture, the inorganic flocculant is a mixture of bis-acid polyaluminum iron, polyaluminum chloride, and ferrous sulfate; the pH regulator is H 2 SO 4 with a concentration of 0.05mol/L;
(4)二沉池分离后的上清液通过水泵排入光反应器中,向上清液中加入质量浓度为30%的H2O2溶液,使得H2O2与非甾体抗炎药的摩尔浓度比为100:1,随后使用紫外灯进行光照处理,光照时间为10min,通过电磁搅拌保持均匀;最后加入的摩尔浓度为0.1mM的Na2SO3;光反应器主要采用石英玻璃材料,中间竖直放置石英管套,石英管内放置紫外灯,通过紫外灯发出紫外光;紫外灯为22W低压汞灯,发光波长为254nm,石英管壁外壁紫外光强度为1.35mW/cm2;( 4 ) The supernatant after the separation of the secondary sedimentation tank is discharged into the photoreactor through a water pump, and a 30 % H2O2 solution is added to the supernatant, so that H2O2 and NSAID The molar concentration ratio is 100:1, and then use ultraviolet light for light treatment, the light time is 10min, and keep it uniform by electromagnetic stirring; the last added molar concentration is 0.1mM Na 2 SO 3 ; the photoreactor is mainly made of quartz glass material , a quartz tube sleeve is placed vertically in the middle, and an ultraviolet lamp is placed in the quartz tube to emit ultraviolet light through the ultraviolet lamp; the ultraviolet lamp is a 22W low-pressure mercury lamp, the luminous wavelength is 254nm, and the ultraviolet light intensity on the outer wall of the quartz tube wall is 1.35mW/cm 2 ;
(4)将步骤(3)所得污水排入消毒池,向消毒池中通入ClO2气体,使污水中有效氯含量为20ppm;随机取消毒池的水样进行非甾体抗炎药的检测,将检测结果记录,与步骤一记录的检测结果相比较分析,最后将接触消毒池的出水排至城市污水管网。(4) step (3) gained sewage is discharged into the disinfection tank, and in the disinfection tank, feeds into ClO 2 gas, making the available chlorine content in the sewage be 20ppm; The water sample in the disinfection tank at random carries out the detection of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs , record the test results, compare and analyze them with the test results recorded in step 1, and finally discharge the effluent from the contact disinfection tank to the urban sewage pipe network.
步骤(1)、步骤(4)所述的污水中非甾体抗炎药的检测方法为高效液相色谱-串联质谱法,具体步骤如下:The detection method of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in the sewage described in step (1), step (4) is high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and the specific steps are as follows:
(A)三种非甾体抗炎药浓缩纯化:(A) Concentration and purification of three kinds of NSAIDs:
(a)用3mL甲醇平衡CNW HLB小柱;(a) Equilibrate the CNW HLB small column with 3mL methanol;
(b)用3mL纯水洗涤CNW HLB小柱;(b) Wash the CNW HLB cartridge with 3mL of pure water;
(c)将50mL水样以1mL/min的速度通过CNW HLB小柱;(c) Pass 50mL water sample through the CNW HLB column at a speed of 1mL/min;
(d)用3mL 5%甲醇再次洗涤CNW HLB小柱;(d) wash the CNW HLB small column again with 3mL of 5% methanol;
(e)用6mL甲醇溶液洗脱,洗脱液氮吹定容至1mL,存于4℃冰箱,以待后续的上机检测;(e) Elute with 6mL of methanol solution, blow the eluent to 1mL with liquid nitrogen, and store in a refrigerator at 4°C for subsequent on-board testing;
(B)液质联用检测非甾体抗炎药浓度。(B) The concentration of NSAIDs was detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
一、实施例结果分析:One, embodiment result analysis:
(1)取500mL水样用0.22μm混合纤维膜过滤,过滤后存于4℃冰箱中以待后续的固相萃取操作以及随之的非甾体抗炎药浓度测定。取平均值±标准偏差进行分析。简单的实验流程如图1所示。(1) Take 500 mL of water sample and filter it with a 0.22 μm mixed fiber membrane, and store it in a refrigerator at 4°C after filtration for the subsequent solid phase extraction operation and subsequent determination of the concentration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The mean ± standard deviation was taken for analysis. The simple experimental process is shown in Figure 1.
(A)三种非甾体抗炎药浓缩纯化(A) Concentration and purification of three non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
选用的固相萃取柱为上海安谱提供的CNW HLB(60mg,3mL)水相——有机平衡小柱。具体步骤如下:The selected solid-phase extraction column is the CNW HLB (60mg, 3mL) aqueous phase-organic equilibrium cartridge provided by Shanghai Anpu. Specific steps are as follows:
(a)用3mL甲醇平衡CNW HLB小柱;(a) Equilibrate the CNW HLB small column with 3mL methanol;
(b)用3mL纯水洗涤CNW HLB小柱;(b) Wash the CNW HLB cartridge with 3mL of pure water;
(c)将50mL水样以1mL/min的速度通过CNW HLB小柱;(c) Pass 50mL water sample through the CNW HLB column at a speed of 1mL/min;
(d)用3mL 5%甲醇再次洗涤CNW HLB小柱;(d) wash the CNW HLB small column again with 3mL of 5% methanol;
(e)用6mL甲醇溶液洗脱,洗脱液氮吹定容至1mL,存于4℃冰箱,以待后续的上机检测;(e) Elute with 6mL of methanol solution, blow the eluent to 1mL with liquid nitrogen, and store in a refrigerator at 4°C for subsequent on-board testing;
(B)液质联用检测非甾体抗炎药浓度:(B) Liquid-mass spectrometry detects the concentration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs:
所选用的液质联用仪器为美国Waters公司的Xevo TQ-S UPLC-MS液质联用仪,采用电喷雾离子源(ESI),负电离多反应监测模式(MRM)。多反应监测的参数见表1。The selected liquid mass spectrometry instrument is Xevo TQ-S UPLC-MS liquid mass spectrometry instrument of Waters Company in the United States, which adopts electrospray ionization source (ESI) and negative ionization multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM). The parameters for MRM are listed in Table 1.
表1.非甾体抗炎药的多反应监测参数Table 1. Multiple Reaction Monitoring Parameters for NSAIDs
液相分离选用的色谱柱为Acquity UPLC BEH C18色谱柱(2.1×50mm,1.7um),柱温保持在30℃。所选用的流动相为水(A)和甲醇(B)。流动相使用前超声脱气。液相流速为0.1mL/min,A相比例20%,B相比例80%,等度洗脱5min。进样量为10μL,采用自动进样器进样。The chromatographic column used for liquid phase separation was Acquity UPLC BEH C18 chromatographic column (2.1×50mm, 1.7um), and the column temperature was kept at 30°C. The selected mobile phases are water (A) and methanol (B). The mobile phase was ultrasonically degassed before use. The flow rate of the liquid phase was 0.1 mL/min, the proportion of phase A was 20%, the proportion of phase B was 80%, and the isocratic elution was carried out for 5 minutes. The injection volume was 10 μL, and the sample was injected by an autosampler.
二、非甾体抗炎药去除率分析2. Analysis of the removal rate of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
本文中非甾体抗炎药的浓度单位为μg/LThe concentration unit of NSAIDs in this article is μg/L
非甾体抗炎药的去除率=(1-Ct/C0)×100%,C0为初始浓度,Ct为反应时间t时的非甾体抗炎药浓度。动力学模拟时,纵坐标为Ln(C0/Ct),其中C0为初始浓度,Ct为反应时间t时的非甾体抗炎药浓度,测定的非甾体抗炎药包括双氯芬酸、布洛芬、萘普生。The removal rate of NSAIDs=(1-C t /C 0 )×100%, C 0 is the initial concentration, and C t is the concentration of NSAIDs at the reaction time t. During kinetic simulation, the ordinate is Ln(C 0 /C t ), where C 0 is the initial concentration, C t is the concentration of NSAIDs at the reaction time t, and the NSAIDs tested include diclofenac , ibuprofen, naproxen.
经分析可知:The analysis shows that:
1、UV光照时间对目标污染物去除的影响1. The effect of UV light time on the removal of target pollutants
光照时间对三种非甾体抗炎药降解的影响如图2所示。双氯芬酸、布洛芬、萘普生三种非甾体抗炎药都可以在紫外光的照射下直接光解,三种非甾体抗炎药的降解反应均为一级反应动力学,反应速率常数分别为5.04×10-3s-1、0.291×10-3s-1、0.208×10-3s-1。The effect of light time on the degradation of three NSAIDs is shown in Figure 2. Diclofenac, ibuprofen, and naproxen can be directly photolyzed under the irradiation of ultraviolet light. The degradation reactions of the three NSAIDs are first-order reaction kinetics, and the reaction rate The constants are 5.04×10 -3 s -1 , 0.291×10 -3 s -1 , and 0.208×10 -3 s -1 , respectively.
2、H2O2与非甾体抗炎药的摩尔浓度比对目标污染物去除的影响2. The effect of the molar concentration ratio of H 2 O 2 and NSAIDs on the removal of target pollutants
如图3所示,使用22W低压汞灯照射5min时,H2O2与非甾体抗炎药的摩尔浓度在1:1~100:1时,随着氧化剂浓度的增加,所有目标污染物的去除率均增加。一般而言,当H2O2浓度过大时,会与产生的·OH反应从而消耗·OH,所以氧化剂投加量存在最优值。但本案例中三种非甾体抗炎药均为难降解物质,随着氧化剂投加量的增加,去除率也逐步增加。考虑到实际工艺运行的经济性,选择100:1的氧化剂投加量为最优投加量。使用UV/H2O2工艺降解非甾体抗炎药时,三种物质的降解速率都有很大提高,5min去除率可以达到90%。As shown in Figure 3, when irradiated with a 22W low-pressure mercury lamp for 5 minutes, when the molar concentration of H 2 O 2 and NSAIDs is between 1:1 and 100:1, all target pollutants removal rate increased. Generally speaking, when the concentration of H 2 O 2 is too high, it will react with the generated OH to consume OH, so there is an optimal value for the dosage of oxidant. However, the three NSAIDs in this case are all refractory substances, and the removal rate gradually increases with the increase of the dosage of oxidant. Considering the economy of the actual process operation, the oxidant dosage of 100:1 is selected as the optimal dosage. When UV/H 2 O 2 process was used to degrade NSAIDs, the degradation rates of the three substances were greatly improved, and the removal rate could reach 90% in 5 minutes.
3、光源强度对目标污染物去除的影响3. The influence of light source intensity on the removal of target pollutants
本实验选择了两种UV/AOP工艺中常见的紫外灯光源,分别为22W低压汞灯和300W的中压汞灯,100:1氧化剂投加量,5分钟反应条件下,对目标污染物的去除效果如表2所示。当使用22W低压汞灯时,对三种非甾体抗炎药已经有很好的去除效果,从能耗角度考虑,选择22W低压汞灯作为光源。In this experiment, two common UV light sources in the UV/AOP process were selected, namely 22W low-pressure mercury lamp and 300W medium-pressure mercury lamp, with 100:1 oxidant dosage and 5-minute reaction conditions. The removal effect is shown in Table 2. When a 22W low-pressure mercury lamp is used, it has a good removal effect on the three NSAIDs. From the perspective of energy consumption, a 22W low-pressure mercury lamp is selected as the light source.
表2.两种光源对非甾体抗炎药的去除效果对比Table 2. Comparison of the removal effects of two light sources on NSAIDs
综上所述,本发明的方法可有效去除污水中的非甾体抗炎药。由此表明,本发明方法中的各种组分和参数均是最佳选择,可实现本发明方法的最佳效果。In summary, the method of the present invention can effectively remove NSAIDs in sewage. This shows that various components and parameters in the method of the present invention are all optimal choices, and can realize the best effect of the method of the present invention.
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非是对本发明作其它形式的限制,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例。但是凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与改型,仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention to other forms. Any skilled person who is familiar with this profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or remodel it into an equivalent change. Example. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
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| CN111762978A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-13 | 南京大学 | UV/H2O2 combined biological activated carbon process for deep removal of pharmaceutical micropollutants in sewage |
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