CN106900977A - The method that feed is prepared using shrimping beam trawl - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing feed by using shrimp leftovers. The steps are 1) pretreatment; 2) activation; 3) preliminary fermentation; 4) preparing compound protein powder; 5) preparing feed. Its beneficial effect is: with the assistance of Additive 1, the strong acid-producing ability and enzyme-producing ability of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis are used to process the leftovers of prawns, and the protein and calcium carbonate on the shrimp shells are removed. High extraction rate and high decalcification rate of shrimp shells; Bacillus subtilis itself synthesizes α-amylase and protease to degrade plant protein and decompose plant protein inhibitors, and decompose plant protein in soybean meal into small molecular weight proteins that can be absorbed and digested quickly and amino acids, enriches the protein types, and makes the feed nutrition more comprehensive; the preparation method is simple to operate, has high protein extraction rate, strong activity of the extracted protein, and high economic benefits.

Description

Method for preparing feed from shrimp waste

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of feed preparation, in particular to a method for preparing feed using shrimp leftovers.

Background technique

Prawns are mainly distributed in the Yellow Sea, Bohai Sea, Liaoning Lushun, Tianjin and the coastal areas of Shandong Province in my country. They are the main shrimp cultured in coastal cities. my country is a big country in shrimp trade, and shrimp occupies an important position in all fishery products, accounting for about 20% of the total value of international fishery trade.

With the rapid development of the aquaculture industry, a small part of my country's prawns are used to cook dishes, and most of them are exported to all parts of the world. Most of the exported products are frozen shrimps, and the heads of the shrimps are discarded. Therefore, a large number of by-products such as shrimp shells and shrimp heads are produced during the production and processing of prawns, and these by-products account for about 30%-40% of the shrimp. It is estimated that more than 300,000 tons of shrimp by-products are discarded in my country every year. Except for a small part that will be used to produce feed and prepare chitin, these by-products have not been fully developed and utilized, which not only causes waste , and pollute the environment.

The prior art, such as the Chinese invention patent whose authorization notification number is CN102643368B, discloses a method for synchronously extracting taurine, chitin and polypeptides from shrimp heads and shrimp scraps. After the shrimp heads and scraps are initially crushed, use Ultrasonic crushing, the filtered meat slurry enters the leaching process to make a leaching liquid, and the leaching liquid passes through a pre-filtering device to obtain active zinc and free amino acids in the shrimp head and leftovers from the separated liquid; the separated shrimp The minced meat continues to be crushed and homogenized, boiled, filtered, protein-removed, and centrifuged. The supernatant is purified by resin, concentrated and crystallized to obtain high-purity taurine; the shrimp meat slurry and protein obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis are decomposed and separated. , can obtain the shrimp head and leftovers extract containing polypeptide; extract chitin from the filtered shell. The extraction method is a green production process, which largely retains the natural active substances in the shrimp head and leftovers. The product does not contain allergenic proteins, fully utilizes shrimp resources, and improves the application value of shrimp in food. However, the protein extraction rate of this method is not high, and the isolated protein type is single.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a feed preparation method that utilizes shrimp scraps to prepare feed with high protein content, high content of free active zinc and active small peptide, various types of protein, chitinase and promoting digestion. The method has the advantages of simple operation, high protein extraction rate, strong activity of the extracted protein and high economic benefit.

The technical scheme that the present invention takes for solving the problem that proposes in the above-mentioned background technology is:

Pretreatment: Wash the prawn scraps with ice water for 3~4 times, remove the sediment and some harmful bacteria, crush them initially, add water with a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:2~1:3, mix them evenly, and use an ultrasonic crusher Crushing, the power is 60~100W, the time is 10~30min, the free active zinc and some free amino acids are dissolved in the liquid, filtered, centrifuged to obtain the precipitate and supernatant, and the supernatant is freeze-dried to obtain free Concentrated powder of active zinc and amino acids. Because active zinc and amino acids will be inactivated at high temperatures, they are concentrated and dried by freeze-drying;

Activation: Mix the two strains according to the quantitative ratio of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis at a ratio of 1:1~1:4, insert into the activation medium for activation, the activation temperature is 33~45°C, and the pH is 6.0~7.5 , The activation time is 15~25h. Lactobacillus bulgaricus is an anaerobic bacterium, which needs growth factor B vitamins during the growth process, while Bacillus subtilis is an aerobic bacterium, which can consume the oxygen in the solution, so that Lactobacillus bulgaricus can grow better, and Bacillus subtilis It will also secrete the B vitamins needed for the growth of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, so the activation of the two together can simplify the culture medium, which is economical and scientific. Bacillus subtilis is activated according to the same conditions;

Preliminary fermentation: add Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis to the sediment in step 1, the inoculum amount is 5-15% of the total volume of raw materials, then add additive 1, and carry out compound microbial fermentation at a fermentation temperature of 35-45°C , the pH is 6~7, the fermentation time is 40~55h, and the fermentation broth and solid matter are obtained by filtration. With the assistance of additive 1, the strong acid-producing ability and enzyme-producing ability of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis are used to process the prawn leftovers, and the protein and calcium carbonate on the shrimp shell are removed. The protein extraction rate of the method is high, and the shrimp Shell decalcification rate is high. Lactobacillus bulgaricus can promote digestion and inhibit the reproduction of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria in the intestinal tract. Bacillus subtilis can synthesize vitamins B1, B2, B6, niacin and other B vitamins, improve the activity of interferon and macrophages in animals, and the synthesized chitinase can decompose the cell wall of pathogenic fungi and inhibit fungal diseases;

Preparation of composite protein powder: add powdered soybean meal according to the solid-liquid ratio of soybean meal to fermentation liquid 1:0.8~1:1.3, then insert Bacillus subtilis, the inoculation amount of Bacillus subtilis is 4~7% of the total volume of raw materials, and then Add additive 2 and carry out solid fermentation, the fermentation temperature is 35-45°C, the pH is 6.2-7.1, and the fermentation time is 45-55h. Dried to obtain complex protein powder. Bacillus subtilis itself synthesizes α-amylase and protease, which can degrade plant protein and decompose plant protein inhibitors, and decompose plant protein in soybean meal into small molecular weight proteins and amino acids that can be absorbed and digested quickly, enriching protein types and making feed nutrition More comprehensive;

Preparation of feed: according to the feed formula, the concentrated powder obtained in step 1 and the compound protein powder obtained in step 4 are prepared into high-protein feed. The feed formula is: 20-30 parts of concentrated powder of free active zinc and amino acid, 50-80 parts of compound protein powder, 20-30 parts of sunflower powder, 10-15 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-15 parts of corn flour, 5 ~10 parts Eucommia leaf powder, 3~8 parts vitamin A and 5~10 parts thiamine. The feed formula has high protein content, rich protein types, crude fiber, free active zinc, vitamins, comprehensive nutrition and easy absorption.

Additive 1 component and its parts by weight are: 10~20 parts of yeast extract, 5~15 parts of glucose, 10~25 parts of whey, 7~12 parts of skimmed milk powder, 1~3 parts of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate, 2~ 4 parts of ammonium acetate and 0.5~2 parts of fucoidan. The additive 1 can assist Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis to remove protein and calcium carbonate from shrimp shells and improve the extraction rate of protein.

The ingredients and parts by weight of the additive 2 are: 2-5 parts of calcium chloride, 1-3 parts of sodium chloride, 2-6 parts of phosphatidylethanolamine and 3-8 parts of sodium alginate. It can activate the protein secreted by Bacillus subtilis and accelerate the decomposition of plant protein.

The composition and weight ratio of the activated medium of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis complex bacteria are: 15-30 parts of glucose, 3-10 parts of calcium carbonate, 10-30 parts of whey, 5-10 parts of skimmed milk powder, 3-8 Sodium chloride, 20-40 parts of yeast extract, 8-12 parts of citric acid and 1-5 parts of keratan sulfate. Vigorous and sufficient colonies can be obtained quickly.

The composition and weight ratio of the activation medium of Bacillus subtilis are: 4~8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5~15 parts of yeast extract, 2~4 parts of sodium chloride, 8~17 parts of spirulina extract and 2~5 parts part lauryl polyoxyethylene ether.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of: crushing with an ultrasonic crusher and freeze-drying, concentrating and drying will not destroy the activity of free zinc and amino acids; Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis are activated together, and Lactobacillus bulgaricus is anaerobic Bacillus subtilis is an aerobic bacterium, which can consume the oxygen in the solution, so that Lactobacillus bulgaricus can grow better, and Bacillus subtilis can also secrete Lactobacillus bulgaricus The B vitamins required for growth, so the activation of the two together can simplify the medium, which is economical and scientific; the components of the activated medium and their weight ratios are: 4~8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5~15 parts of yeast extract, 2 ~4 parts sodium chloride, 8~17 parts spirulina extract, and 2~5 parts laureth. Using this medium to activate complex bacteria can quickly obtain vigorous and sufficient colonies; with the assistance of Additive 1, use the strong acid-producing ability and enzyme-producing ability of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis to treat shrimp waste, remove Protein and calcium carbonate on the shrimp shell, the method has a high protein extraction rate and a high decalcification rate of the shrimp shell. Lactobacillus bulgaricus can promote digestion and inhibit the reproduction of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria in the intestinal tract. Bacillus subtilis can synthesize vitamins B1, B2, B6, niacin and other B vitamins, improve the activity of interferon and macrophages in animals, and the synthesized chitinase can decompose the cell wall of pathogenic fungi to inhibit Fungal diseases; Bacillus subtilis itself synthesizes α-amylase and protease, which can degrade plant protein and decompose plant protein inhibitors, and decompose plant protein in soybean meal into small molecular weight proteins and amino acids that can be absorbed and digested quickly, enriching protein types, Make feed nutrition more comprehensive; the feed formula has high protein content, rich protein types, crude fiber, free active zinc, vitamins, comprehensive nutrition, easy absorption; the method is simple to operate, high protein extraction rate, and the extracted protein activity is strong , high economic benefit.

specific embodiment

Below by embodiment, the scheme of the present invention is further introduced:

Example 1:

Utilize the method for preparing feed from shrimp leftovers, the concrete steps are as follows:

1) Pretreatment: Wash prawn scraps with ice water for 3~4 times, remove sediment and some harmful bacteria, crush them initially, add water with a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:2~1:3, mix well, and crush with ultrasonic waves The instrument is crushed, the power is 60~100W, and the time is 10~30min. The free active zinc and some free amino acids are dissolved in the liquid, filtered, centrifuged to obtain the precipitate and supernatant, and the supernatant is freeze-dried. Concentrated powder of free active zinc and amino acids. Because active zinc and amino acids will be inactivated at high temperatures, they are concentrated and dried by freeze-drying;

2) Activation: Mix the two strains according to the quantitative ratio of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis at a ratio of 1:1~1:4, insert into the activation medium for activation, the activation temperature is 33~45°C, and the pH is 6.0 ~7.5, the activation time is 15~25h. Lactobacillus bulgaricus is an anaerobic bacterium, which needs growth factor B vitamins during the growth process, while Bacillus subtilis is an aerobic bacterium, which can consume the oxygen in the solution, so that Lactobacillus bulgaricus can grow better, and Bacillus subtilis It will also secrete the B vitamins needed for the growth of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, so the activation of the two together can simplify the culture medium, which is economical and scientific. Bacillus subtilis is activated according to the same conditions;

3) Preliminary fermentation: Add Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis to the sediment in step 1, the inoculum amount is 5-15% of the total volume of raw materials, and then add additive 1 to carry out compound microbial fermentation, the fermentation temperature is 35-35% 45°C, pH 6~7, fermentation time 40~55h, filter to obtain fermentation broth and solid matter. With the assistance of additive 1, the strong acid-producing ability and enzyme-producing ability of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis are used to process the prawn leftovers, and the protein and calcium carbonate on the shrimp shell are removed. The protein extraction rate of the method is high, and the shrimp Shell decalcification rate is high. Lactobacillus bulgaricus can promote digestion and inhibit the reproduction of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria in the intestinal tract. Bacillus subtilis can synthesize vitamins B1, B2, B6, niacin and other B vitamins, improve the activity of interferon and macrophages in animals, and the synthesized chitinase can decompose the cell wall of pathogenic fungi and inhibit fungal diseases;

4) Preparation of composite protein powder: Add powdery soybean meal according to the solid-liquid ratio of soybean meal to fermentation broth 1:0.8~1:1.3, and then add Bacillus subtilis, the inoculum amount of Bacillus subtilis is 4~7% of the total volume of raw materials , and then add additive 2 for solid fermentation, the fermentation temperature is 35-45°C, the pH is 6.2-7.1, and the fermentation time is 45-55h. Dried to obtain complex protein powder. Bacillus subtilis itself synthesizes α-amylase and protease, which can degrade plant protein and decompose plant protein inhibitors, and decompose plant protein in soybean meal into small molecular weight proteins and amino acids that can be absorbed and digested quickly, enriching protein types and making feed nutrition More comprehensive;

5) Preparation of feed: According to the feed formula, the concentrated powder obtained in step 1 and the compound protein powder obtained in step 4 are prepared into high-protein feed. The feed formula is: 20-30 parts of concentrated powder of free active zinc and amino acid, 50-80 parts of compound protein powder, 20-30 parts of sunflower powder, 10-15 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-15 parts of corn flour, 5 ~10 parts Eucommia leaf powder, 3~8 parts vitamin A and 5~10 parts thiamine. The feed formula has high protein content, rich protein types, crude fiber, free active zinc, vitamins, comprehensive nutrition and easy absorption.

Additive 1 component and its parts by weight are: 10~20 parts of yeast extract, 5~15 parts of glucose, 10~25 parts of whey, 7~12 parts of skimmed milk powder, 1~3 parts of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate, 2~ 4 parts of ammonium acetate and 0.5~2 parts of fucoidan. The additive 1 can assist Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis to remove protein and calcium carbonate from shrimp shells and improve the extraction rate of protein.

The ingredients and parts by weight of the additive 2 are: 2-5 parts of calcium chloride, 1-3 parts of sodium chloride, 2-6 parts of phosphatidylethanolamine and 3-8 parts of sodium alginate. It can activate the protein secreted by Bacillus subtilis and accelerate the decomposition of plant protein.

The composition and weight ratio of the activated medium of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis complex bacteria are: 15-30 parts of glucose, 3-10 parts of calcium carbonate, 10-30 parts of whey, 5-10 parts of skimmed milk powder, 3-8 Sodium chloride, 20-40 parts of yeast extract, 8-12 parts of citric acid and 1-5 parts of keratan sulfate. Vigorous and sufficient colonies can be obtained quickly.

The composition and weight ratio of the activation medium of Bacillus subtilis are: 4~8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5~15 parts of yeast extract, 2~4 parts of sodium chloride, 8~17 parts of spirulina extract and 2~5 parts part lauryl polyoxyethylene ether.

Example 2:

Utilize the method for preparing feed from shrimp leftovers, the concrete steps are as follows:

1) Pretreatment: Wash the shrimp scraps with ice water for 3 times to remove the sediment and some harmful bacteria, and then crush them initially, add water with a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:3, mix them evenly, and crush them with an ultrasonic crusher with a power of 80W, time is 20min, the free active zinc and some free amino acids are dissolved in the liquid, filtered, centrifuged to obtain the precipitate and supernatant, and the supernatant is freeze-dried to obtain the concentrated powder of free active zinc and amino acid. Because active zinc and amino acids will be inactivated at high temperatures, they are concentrated and dried by freeze-drying;

2) Activation: Mix the two strains according to the quantitative ratio of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis at a ratio of 1:2, insert into the activation medium for activation, the activation temperature is 40°C, the pH is 7, and the activation time is 20h. Lactobacillus bulgaricus is an anaerobic bacterium, which needs growth factor B vitamins during the growth process, while Bacillus subtilis is an aerobic bacterium, which can consume the oxygen in the solution, so that Lactobacillus bulgaricus can grow better, and Bacillus subtilis It will also secrete the B vitamins needed for the growth of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, so the activation of the two together can simplify the culture medium, which is economical and scientific. Bacillus subtilis is activated according to the same conditions;

3) Preliminary fermentation: add Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis to the sediment in step 1, the inoculum amount is 10% of the total volume of raw materials, and then add additive 1 to carry out compound microbial fermentation, the fermentation temperature is 40°C, pH 7, the fermentation time was 50h, and the fermentation broth and solid matter were filtered. With the assistance of additive 1, the strong acid-producing ability and enzyme-producing ability of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis are used to process the prawn leftovers, and the protein and calcium carbonate on the shrimp shell are removed. The protein extraction rate of the method is high, and the shrimp Shell decalcification rate is high. Lactobacillus bulgaricus can promote digestion and inhibit the reproduction of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria in the intestinal tract. Bacillus subtilis can synthesize vitamins B1, B2, B6, niacin and other B vitamins, improve the activity of interferon and macrophages in animals, and the synthesized chitinase can decompose the cell wall of pathogenic fungi and inhibit fungal diseases;

4) Preparation of composite protein powder: add powdery soybean meal according to the solid-liquid ratio of soybean meal to fermentation broth 1:1, then insert Bacillus subtilis, the inoculum amount of Bacillus subtilis is 5% of the total volume of raw materials, and then add additive 2, Carry out solid fermentation, the fermentation temperature is 40°C, the pH is 7, and the fermentation time is 40h. Dried to obtain complex protein powder. Bacillus subtilis itself synthesizes α-amylase and protease, which can degrade plant protein and decompose plant protein inhibitors, and decompose plant protein in soybean meal into small molecular weight proteins and amino acids that can be absorbed and digested quickly, enriching protein types and making feed nutrition More comprehensive;

5) Preparation of feed: According to the feed formula, the concentrated powder obtained in step 1 and the compound protein powder obtained in step 4 are prepared into high-protein feed. The feed formula is: 20 parts of concentrated powder of free active zinc and amino acid, 70 parts of compound protein powder, 25 parts of sunflower powder, 12 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 parts of corn flour, 8 parts of Eucommia leaf powder, 4 parts of vitamin A and 6 parts thiamine. The feed formula has high protein content, rich protein types, crude fiber, free active zinc, vitamins, comprehensive nutrition and easy absorption.

The ingredients of additive 1 and their parts by weight are: 15 parts of yeast extract, 10 parts of glucose, 20 parts of whey, 10 parts of skimmed milk powder, 2 parts of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate, 2 parts of ammonium acetate and 1 part of fucoidan. The additive 1 can assist Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis to remove protein and calcium carbonate from shrimp shells and improve the extraction rate of protein.

The ingredients and parts by weight of additive 2 are: 3 parts of calcium chloride, 2 parts of sodium chloride, 5 parts of phosphatidylethanolamine and 7 parts of sodium alginate. It can activate the protein secreted by Bacillus subtilis and accelerate the decomposition of plant protein.

The composition and weight ratio of the activation medium of Bacillus subtilis are: 5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 12 parts of yeast extract, 4 parts of sodium chloride, 15 parts of spirulina extract and 3 parts of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether. The composition of the spirulina extract and polyoxyethylene lauryl ether can effectively improve the reaction efficiency of the subtilis culture medium, and the active small peptide content in the product is high. The composition and weight ratio of the activated medium of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis composite bacteria are: 26 parts of glucose, 6 parts of calcium carbonate, 15 parts of whey, 8 parts of skimmed milk powder, 5 parts of sodium chloride, 30 parts of yeast extract, 10 parts citric acid and 4 parts keratan sulfate. Vigorous and sufficient colonies can be obtained quickly.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the category of the present invention, and the scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims (7)

1. utilize the method for preparing feed from shrimp leftovers, it is characterized in that following steps: 1) Pretreatment: cleaning, preliminary crushing, adding water, further crushing, filtering, centrifuging to obtain sediment and supernatant, concentrating and drying the supernatant to obtain concentrated powder of free active zinc and amino acids; 2) Activation: respectively activate Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis complex bacteria and Bacillus subtilis; 3) Preliminary fermentation: add Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis to the sediment in step 1), then add additive 1, carry out compound microbial fermentation, and filter to obtain fermented liquid and solid matter; 4) Preparation of composite protein powder: add powdered soybean meal, then insert Bacillus subtilis for solid fermentation, then add additive 2, and dry to obtain composite protein powder; 5) Feed preparation: according to the feed formula, the concentrated powder obtained in step 1 and the composite protein powder obtained in step 4 are prepared into high-protein feed; Additive 1 component and its parts by weight are: 10~20 parts of yeast extract, 5~15 parts of glucose, 10~25 parts of whey, 7~12 parts of skimmed milk powder, 1~3 parts of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate, 2~ 4 parts of ammonium acetate and 0.5~2 parts of fucoidan. 2. The method for preparing feed from shrimp waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the composition and parts by weight of additive 2 in the described step 4 are: 2 to 5 parts of calcium chloride, 1 to 3 parts Sodium chloride, 2~6 parts of phosphatidylethanolamine and 3~8 parts of sodium alginate. 3. the method utilizing shrimp leftovers to prepare feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 2, the activated medium composition and weight ratio thereof of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis complex bacteria are: 15 ~ 30 parts of glucose, 3~10 parts of calcium carbonate, 10~30 parts of whey, 5~10 parts of skimmed milk powder, 3~8 parts of sodium chloride, 20~40 parts of yeast extract, 8~12 parts of citric acid and 1~5 keratan sulfate. 4. The method for preparing feed from shrimp scraps according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 2, the active medium composition of Bacillus subtilis and its weight ratio are: 4 to 8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate , 5~15 parts of yeast extract, 2~4 parts of sodium chloride, 8~17 parts of spirulina extract and 2~5 parts of lauryl polyoxyethylene ether. 5. The method for preparing feed from shrimp scraps according to claim 1, characterized in that: the feed formula in said step 5 is: 20-30 parts of concentrated powder of free active zinc and amino acid, 50-80 parts of compound Protein powder, 20-30 parts of sunflower powder, 10-15 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-15 parts of corn flour, 5-10 parts of Eucommia leaf powder, 3-8 parts of vitamin A and 5-10 parts of thiamine. 6. the method utilizing shrimp leftovers to prepare feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 3, the quantity ratio of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bacillus subtilis is 1:1～1:4, and inoculum size is 5~15% of the total volume of raw materials, the fermentation temperature is 35~45°C, the pH is 6~7, and the fermentation time is 40~55h. 7. the method for utilizing shrimp waste to prepare feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 4, the solid-liquid ratio of soybean meal and fermented liquid is 1:0.8～1:1.3, the inoculation of Bacillus subtilis The amount is 4-7% of the total volume of raw materials.