CN106900996A - A kind of method that utilization peanut straw produces sheep pellet - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of peanut straw feed processing, and in particular to a method for producing sheep pellet feed by using peanut straw. The sheep pellet feed consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 53% to 65% of peanut straw, 2 %～5%, soybean meal 4.7%～8%, corn flour 4%～7%, giant fungus 4%～8%, carrot 5%～8%, yeast powder 2%～4%, sucrose molasses 1%～ 3%, 2% to 5% of compound premix, 0.2% to 0.3% of monensin sodium, 0.1% to 0.2% of bacitracin zinc, 1.0 to 2.0% of table salt, and the balance is distiller's grains powder, the sheep granule of the present invention The feed has comprehensive nutritional components, low cost, high benefit, high cellulose content, good palatability, appropriate energy content, high digestibility, convenient transportation and long storage time, and is not easy to deteriorate.

Description

A method of producing sheep pellet feed using peanut stalks

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of feed processing, in particular to a method for producing sheep pellet feed by utilizing peanut straw.

Background technique

Inorganic mineral elements and protein in traditional sheep feed are generally high, which results in high doses of trace elements and protein nutrients that are not conducive to the digestion and absorption of feed by sheep, affecting the normal growth and development of sheep, resulting in slow production of sheep and reduced mutton quality, and a large number of unabsorbed trace elements and protein components also caused a great waste of feed; in addition, adding too much mineral elements and protein nutrients has a negative impact on the stability of vitamins, which also improves the quality of feed. At the same time, the traditional sheep feed is not dried and granulated, which brings inconvenience to transportation and storage. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people's demand for mutton is increasing, and with the rapid development of the aquaculture industry, there is a trend of relative shortage of feed resources, especially those rich in cellulose and suitable for sheep's digestion characteristics. The lack of straw feed has become a more prominent problem.

The sheep feed currently on the market is not based on plant fibers suitable for sheep's digestion characteristics, but is mainly made of non-plant fibers such as corn, soybean meal, cottonseed hulls, and cassava. The fiber content is very small and the nutrition is not comprehensive. It is very unfavorable to the requirements of sheep's digestion and comprehensive nutrient absorption. So far, there has been no relevant technical report on using peanut straw as the main raw material to make sheep pellet feed. Peanut straw is a relatively high-quality raw material for sheep straw feed. In the sun-dried peanut straw stems and leaves: crude protein content is about 10%, crude fat is 2.78%, nitrogen-free extract is about 43%, and crude fiber content is about 30%. The digestible energy content is 8380 kJ/kg, the calcium content is 0.89%, the phosphorus content is 0.13%, and it also contains iron, copper, manganese and other trace elements. Containing crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber, it is non-toxic and has no side effects. Using peanut straw to make the whole ration straw pellet feed raw material for sheep can promote growth, increase milk production and weight gain, reduce the incidence of livestock and poultry, improve disease resistance, eliminate Thin feces, smelly feces, improving the ecological environment, reducing the application of chemical drugs such as antibiotics and hormones, improving feed utilization, and reducing feeding costs all have significant effects. Peanut straw is rich in cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. When peanut straw is directly used as animal feed to feed sheep, its digestion and utilization efficiency by animals is low. According to searches, peanut straw has not been used to make sheep feed. The relevant literature is published.

Therefore, using peanut straw as the main raw material to develop a new type of full-mixed ration production technology with comprehensive nutrition, high digestibility, and easy storage and transportation can not only provide new ways and methods for the preservation and utilization of feed, but also reduce the cost of sheep feed. Moreover, it can provide reliable technical support for the commercialization of fully mixed rations, promote the popularization and application of fully mixed ration feeding technology, and promote the sustainable development of sheep breeding industry, which has important practical significance and practical value.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing sheep pellet feed by utilizing peanut stalks. The sheep pellet feed of the present invention has comprehensive nutritional components, high cellulose content, good palatability, convenient transportation and long storage time. In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing sheep straw pellet feed using peanut straw, the sheep pellet feed is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: peanut straw 53%-65%, pine needle powder 2%-5% , soybean meal 4.7%-8%, corn flour 4%-7%, giant fungus 4%-8%, carrot 5%-8%, yeast powder 2%-4%, sucrose molasses 1%-3%, compound 2% to 5% of the premix, 0.2% to 0.3% of monensin sodium, 0.1% to 0.2% of bacitracin zinc, 1.0 to 2.0% of salt, and the balance is distiller's grains powder; the preparation method of the sheep pellet feed includes The following steps:

a. Weigh the raw materials of sheep pellet feed by weight: 53%-65% of peanut straw, 2%-5% of pine needle powder, 4.7%-8% of soybean meal powder, 4%-7% of corn flour, and 4% of giant fungus grass ~8%, carrot 5%~8%, yeast powder 2%~4%, sucrose molasses 1%~3%, compound premix 2%~5%, monensin sodium 0.2%~0.3%, bacitracin Zinc 0.1%-0.2%, table salt 1.0-2.0%, the rest is distiller's grain powder;

b. Pretreatment of plant raw materials: First, dry the peanut straw and giant fungus grass to 45% to 55% respectively, cut them into small sections of 3cm to 6cm long, then dry the moisture to 20% to 25%, and then Add pine needle powder and mix together and crush it into 300-400-mesh powder to obtain the plant powder mixture; set aside, then cut the carrots into 2cm-4cm flakes, and then soak them in 2-5 times the salt water for 30 minutes～ After 60 minutes, take out the carrot flakes and crush them into 2mm-3mm particles, then put the corn flour and the crushed carrot particles into salt water and heat to 45°C-55°C, and keep stirring for 10-20 minutes to obtain Mix the liquid material, finally add the plant powder mixed material and soybean meal powder into the mixed liquid material in turn and mix evenly to obtain the plant raw material premix, and set aside. In the pretreatment, use salt water, carrots, and corn flour for pretreatment. Effectively improved the palatability, viscosity and coefficient of variation of the feed;

c. Mixing pretreatment: add yeast powder, sucrose molasses, premix, monensin sodium, bacitracin zinc, and distiller's grains powder to the plant raw material premix prepared in step b to mix evenly, and then add The salt preparation material is stirred and mixed at a low speed, placed in a vacuum tank after 1 hour to 2 hours, and compacted, and placed at a temperature of 20°C to 32°C for 5 days to 20 days to obtain a mixed pretreatment material, and When the total number of detected beneficial bacteria is 6×10 ⁸ CFU/g～8×10 ¹⁰ CFU/g, stop the pretreatment and reserve it for later use. Through mixed pretreatment, the feed contains more beneficial bacteria, which can promote the rumination of sheep and digestion, and can be quickly converted into nutrients and energy that can be absorbed and utilized by sheep in the rumen, which can effectively improve the conversion rate of feed;

d. Drying pretreatment: send the mixed pretreatment material prepared in step c into a mixer for high-speed mixing and stirring, and send the high-speed mixed material into a high-speed rotating high-pressure steam conditioning chamber for aging, so that the aging The final material is then sent to the dryer for drying, and then crushed through a 300-400 mesh sieve to obtain a mixed drying material;

e. Granulation and packaging: Extrude and granulate the mixed and dried material prepared in step d, then dry the moisture to 10% to 15%, and then cool to normal temperature for packaging to obtain the finished product of sheep straw pellet feed.

Preferably, the sheep pellet feed is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55% to 60% of peanut straw, 3% to 4% of pine needle powder, 6% to 7% of soybean meal powder, 5% to 6% of corn flour, giant fungus Grass 5%~6%, carrot 6%~7%, yeast powder 3%~3.6%, sucrose molasses 2%~2.5%, compound premix 3%~4%, monensin sodium 0.24%~0.3% , 0.12% to 0.16% of bacitracin zinc, 1.6 to 1.8% of salt, and the balance is distiller's grain powder.

Preferably, in the step c, the time for low-speed stirring and mixing is 5 minutes to 10 minutes, and the speed of low-speed mixing and stirring is 120 rpm/min to 150 rpm/min.

Preferably, the high-speed mixing and stirring time in the step d is 3 minutes to 5 minutes, and the speed of the high-speed mixing and stirring is 380 rpm/min to 480 rpm/min; after the aging degree is 22.00% to 25.00% in the step d, Then send it into the dryer for drying to a moisture content of 28.00% to 35.00%.

Preferably, in the step d, the drying temperature is 150° C. to 220° C. when the moisture is dried in the dryer, and the drying is stopped when the moisture reaches 20 to 25%.

Preferably, the monensin content in the monensin sodium is 92.00% to 95.00%, and the bacitracin zinc is 10% or 15% bacitracin zinc powder, wherein the zinc content is 3.00% to 95.00%. 7.00%.

Preferably, the premix contains methionine, colistin sulfate, folic acid, tricalcium phosphate, vitamin premix, sodium selenite and potassium sulfate, and the methionine, colistin sulfate, folic acid, tricalcium phosphate , The specific gravity of the vitamin premix, sodium selenite and potassium sulfate is 0.1-0.5:0.1-0.3:1-3:3-7:5-10:2-5:1-3.

Preferably, the sulfur content in the colistin sulfate is 20.00%-24.00%.

Preferably, the sugar content of the sucrose molasses is 40%-50%, and the high-grade sucrose molasses contains 0.5-10,000 beneficial microorganisms/g.

An application of the above-mentioned sheep stalk pellet feed, the sheep stalk pellet feed is used for breeding black goats weighing more than 5kg.

Among the raw materials used in the present invention, peanut straw, pine needle powder, soybean meal, corn flour, and giant fungus grass are used as the main feed raw materials, which are obviously different from traditional herbivore feeds that do not use fibrous raw materials as the main raw materials, and are more in line with the digestion of sheep The digestion and absorption of characteristics and nutrition avoids the major problems of mutton sheep such as flatulence caused by not using fibrous raw materials as the main raw material, which may easily cause anorexia and death of sheep; corn flour can supplement energy for animals; soybean meal can improve the feed content. Protein content, supplement protein for animals; Jujuncao is a high-yield and high-quality Juncao suitable for growth and artificial cultivation in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions. Jujuncao is one of the high-yield and high-quality Juncao. When it grows for 5 to 7 weeks, The nutritional content is high, which can increase the crude protein and sugar content of the feed, and the taste is relatively fresh, and the crude protein content is above 10%. The distiller's grains powder (such as brewer's grains) is helpful for animal digestion, and can increase some nutrients such as amino acids; yeast powder can effectively improve the digestive environment of the animal's stomach, and accelerate the fermentation, decomposition and digestion of feed; the premix can supplement vitamins for animals and trace elements, balanced nutrition, to meet the needs of animals for vitamins and trace elements.

The bacitracin zinc premix is light brown or yellowish brown powder with stable performance and can be stored for a long time, so that the sheep feed does not deteriorate, can inhibit the formation of pathogenic bacteria cells to kill pathogenic bacteria, and can reduce sheep intestinal inflammation and It can effectively prevent and control various infectious diseases, promote the growth of livestock and poultry, and improve the feed conversion rate. The monensin sodium is slightly white to slightly yellowish orange powder; it is insoluble in water and easily soluble in organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, and chloroform. The monensin sodium of the present invention is a yellow-brown powder, and the monensin in the monensin sodium is a special polyether antibiotic anticoccidiostat for livestock and poultry, and its anticoccidial action mechanism is to interact with sodium and potassium ions With special affinity, it can form a lipophilic complex, penetrate the coccidial biofilm, and increase the amount of sodium ions in the coccidian body sharply, so monensin is also called an ionophore anticoccidial drug. Monensin mainly inhibits the fission and proliferation of sporozoites and schizonts, has good antibacterial and anti-killing effects, can prevent the occurrence of necrotic enteritis, can control and improve the rumen fermentation rate, and reduce the protein in the feed in the rumen It can effectively improve the feed conversion rate of sheep, and has a growth-promoting effect on sheep. Combining it with bacitracin zinc, monensin sodium, and colistin sulfate can improve the weight gain rate and feed utilization rate of sheep. The vitamin premix contains fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamin components (vitamins A, D, E, K and vitamins B1, B2, B12, niacin, pantothenic acid, biotin, etc.), which can supplement vitamins that cannot be synthesized by animals themselves. , to promote the growth and development of animals, at the same time, the added mineral raw materials such as calcium hydrogen phosphate, anhydrous calcium chloride and potassium sulfate can not only promote the mineral nutrients needed by sheep, but also facilitate the absorption of nutrients in the feed during storage. Moisture improves the survival rate of live bacteria in the feed and prolongs the shelf life. The sucrose molasses is rich in protein, organic acid, natural minerals and multivitamins, can be quickly digested and absorbed by herbivores, and promote the nutritional metabolism of sheep, and its unique sweetness improves the palatability of sheep, can Increase the caloric value of the feed, and at the same time improve the dust rate of the pellet feed during transportation, storage, transportation and feeding, resulting in waste of feed. At the same time, as a binder for granulation, it also improves the variation of the mixing uniformity of the pellet feed Coefficient, the coefficient of variation in the present invention is lower than 1.8.

Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has the following technical effects:

1. Low cost and high benefit. The sheep straw granule feed produced by the invention using peanut straw as the main raw material not only solves the problem of peanut straw being destroyed and discarded in the field or directly burned to pollute the environment and the feed supply of herbivore intensive breeding animals, but also makes large-scale captive breeding of sheep possible and farmers 1. Farmers can raise sheep in captivity like pigs, which improves the economic benefits, ecological benefits and social benefits of sheep breeding; the sheep straw pellet feed of the present invention is a low-energy, high-protein raw material, which is rich in sheep growth and development The necessary amino acids, vitamins and various trace elements can overcome the shortcomings of low protein content and high digestibility in the feed, and can effectively stimulate the appetite of animals, promote digestion and absorption and metabolism of sheep, and improve feed utilization. Accelerating the growth and development of sheep, enhancing the disease resistance of sheep and improving reproductive function have obvious promoting effects.

2. The proportion of raw materials is simple and reasonable, and the time of mixing pretreatment is short, and the conditions of mixing pretreatment are simple. In a short period of time, a variety of beneficial compound microorganisms can be produced in the pellet feed of peanut straw. By controlling the microorganisms A variety of biological enzymes and metabolites produced in the process of reproduction and metabolism can convert the nutrients in the raw materials into available or higher utilization rates, and can significantly improve the digestibility and palatability of peanut straw pellet feed.

3. The feed has comprehensive nutritional value, high cellulose content and good palatability. The preparation method of the sheep stalk pellet feed produced by the present invention with peanut straw as the main raw material goes through the preparation processes such as chopping, drying, mixing, crushing, granulation and packaging, and adds a certain proportion of nutrients and mixes to make pellet feed. Shrinkage, effectively reducing feed loss and waste, improving feed utilization efficiency, high palatability and nutritional value, peanut straw accounts for 60% to 80% of the total raw materials, and the total protein content contained in it is 10% to 12%. Among them, the nutritional value is comprehensive and the cellulose content is high. At the same time, the aroma of the feed is purer, the taste is more mellow, and the palatability of the feed is more effectively improved. It is suitable for sheep and other growth stages.

4. It is easy to store and transport, and will not deteriorate. The invention can better control the water content in the feed in the process of processing, and the prepared granular feed has strong mildew resistance and is not prone to mildew, and also improves the survival rate of live bacteria in the feed, prolongs the shelf life, and It can be stored for a long time for 1 to 2 years under the temperature environment of -10℃～40℃, which effectively solves the feed problem of large-scale intensive breeding of livestock. The sheep straw pellet feed produced by using peanut straw as the main raw material of the invention has balanced nutrition, suitable energy content, fast growth rate, high digestibility, good palatability, low water content (≤9%), and is easy to transport and store. It can be used for feeding and fattening sheep during the growing and finishing period, which can reduce the production cost of sheep, improve the fattening benefit of sheep, and improve the production efficiency of sheep.

detailed description

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, preferred embodiments are given below to further describe the present invention in detail. However, it should be noted that many of the details listed in the specification are only for readers to have a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, and these aspects of the present invention can be implemented even without these specific details.

Example 1:

According to one aspect of the present invention, this embodiment provides a kind of method that utilizes peanut stalks to produce sheep pellet feed, and described sheep pellet feed is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: 53% of peanut straw, 5% of pine needle powder, 8% of soybean meal powder %, corn flour 7%, giant fungus grass 8%, carrot 8%, yeast powder 4%, sucrose molasses 3%, compound premix 5%, monensin sodium 0.3%, bacitracin zinc 0.2%, salt 2.0 %, the balance is distiller's grain powder; the sugar content of the sucrose molasses is 50%, and the superior grade sucrose molasses containing 0.5 million beneficial microorganisms/g; the content of monensin in the monensin sodium is 92.00% %, the bacitracin zinc is 10% or 15% bacitracin zinc powder, wherein the content of zinc is 3.00%.

The premix contains methionine, colistin sulfate, folic acid, tricalcium phosphate, vitamin premix, sodium selenite and potassium sulfate, and the methionine, colistin sulfate, folic acid, tricalcium phosphate, vitamin premix The specific gravity of the mixture, sodium selenite and potassium sulfate is 0.1:0.3:1:3:5:2:1; the sulfur content in the colistin sulfate is 20.00%.

The preparation method of described sheep pellet feed comprises the following steps:

a. Weigh the raw materials of sheep pellet feed by weight: 53% of peanut straw, 5% of pine needle powder, 8% of soybean meal, 7% of corn flour, 8% of giant fungus grass, 8% of carrot, 4% of yeast powder, sucrose molasses 3%, compound premix 5%, monensin sodium 0.3%, bacitracin zinc 0.2%, salt 2.0%, and distiller's grain powder as the balance;

b. Pretreatment of plant raw materials: First, dry the peanut straw and giant fungus grass to 45% moisture, cut them into 3cm long pieces, then dry the moisture to 25%, then add pine needle powder to mix and crush into 300 mesh powder to obtain the plant powder mixture; for subsequent use, the carrots are cut into 2cm flakes, then soaked in 2 times of salt water for 60 minutes, the carrot flakes are taken out and crushed into 2mm particles, and then Put corn flour and crushed carrot granules together in salt water and heat to 45°C, and keep stirring for 20 minutes to obtain a mixed liquid material. Finally, add plant powder mixed material and soybean meal powder to the mixed liquid material in turn and mix evenly to obtain plant Raw material premix, spare;

c. Mixing pretreatment: add yeast powder, sucrose molasses, premix, monensin sodium, bacitracin zinc, and distiller's grains powder to the plant raw material premix prepared in step b to mix evenly, and then add The salt feed was stirred and mixed at a low speed for 5 minutes. The mixing speed was 160rpm/min. After standing for 1 hour, put it into a vacuum tank and compact it firmly. Put it at a temperature of 20°C for 20 days to obtain a mixed pretreatment material , and detect the total number of beneficial bacteria every 1 day. If the total number of beneficial bacteria is 6×10 ⁸ CFU/g, stop the pretreatment and set aside;

d, drying pretreatment: send the mixed pretreatment material prepared in step c into the mixer for high-speed mixing and stirring, the stirring time is 3 minutes, and the stirring speed is 480rpm/min; then the high-speed mixed material The temperature of the high-temperature steam is 200°C, the pressure of the high-temperature steam is 6.00Mpa, and the degree of aging is 22.00%, and then the material is sent into the inner of the dryer. The temperature is 150°C to dry the moisture to 20%, and then pass through a 300-mesh sieve for crushing to obtain mixed and dried materials;

e. Granulation and packaging: Extrude and granulate the mixed and dried material prepared in step d, the particle size is 0.5mm, then dry the moisture to 10%, and then cool to normal temperature for packaging to obtain sheep straw granules Feed products.

Example 2:

According to one aspect of the present invention, this embodiment provides a kind of method that utilizes peanut stalks to produce sheep pellet feed, and described sheep pellet feed is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: 65% of peanut straw, 2% of pine needle powder, 4.7% of soybean meal powder %, corn flour 4%, giant fungus grass 4%, carrot 5%, yeast powder 2%, sucrose molasses 1%, compound premix 2%, monensin sodium 0.2%, bacitracin zinc 0.1%, salt 1.0 %, the balance is distiller's grain powder; the sugar content of the sucrose molasses is 50%, and the superior sucrose molasses containing 10,000 beneficial microorganisms/g; the content of monensin in the monensin sodium is 95.00% %, the bacitracin zinc is 10% or 15% bacitracin zinc powder, wherein the zinc content is 7.00%.

The premix contains methionine, colistin sulfate, folic acid, tricalcium phosphate, vitamin premix, sodium selenite and potassium sulfate, and the methionine, colistin sulfate, folic acid, tricalcium phosphate, vitamin premix The specific gravity of the mixture, sodium selenite and potassium sulfate is 0.5:0.1:3:7:10:5:3; the sulfur content in the colistin sulfate is 24.00%.

The preparation method of described sheep pellet feed comprises the following steps:

a. Weigh the raw materials of sheep pellet feed by weight: 65% peanut straw, 2% pine needle powder, 4.7% soybean meal powder, 4% corn flour, 4% giant fungus grass, 5% carrot, 2% yeast powder, sucrose molasses 1%, 2% compound premix, 0.2% monensin sodium, 0.1% bacitracin zinc, 1.0% salt, and the balance is distiller's grain powder;

b. Pretreatment of plant raw materials: First, dry the peanut straw and giant fungus grass to 55% moisture, cut them into 6cm-long pieces, then dry the moisture to 20%, then add pine needle powder to mix and crush into 400 mesh powder to obtain the plant powder mixture; for subsequent use, the carrots were cut into 4cm flakes, then soaked in 5 times of salt water for 30 minutes, the carrot flakes were taken out and crushed into 3mm particles, and then Put corn flour and crushed carrot granules together in salt water and heat to 55°C, and keep stirring for 10 minutes to obtain a mixed liquid material. Finally, add plant powder mixed material and soybean meal powder to the mixed liquid material in turn and mix evenly to obtain plant Raw material premix, spare;

c. Mixing pretreatment: add yeast powder, sucrose molasses, premix, monensin sodium, bacitracin zinc, and distiller's grains powder to the plant raw material premix prepared in step b to mix evenly, and then add The salt feed was stirred and mixed at a low speed for 10 minutes at a mixing speed of 120rpm/min. After standing for 2 hours, put it into a vacuum tank and compact it firmly. Place it at a temperature of 32°C for 5 days to obtain a mixed pretreatment material , and detect the total number of beneficial bacteria every 5 days. If the total number of beneficial bacteria is 8×10 ¹⁰ CFU/g, stop the pretreatment and set aside;

d, drying pretreatment: send the mixed pretreatment material prepared in step c into the mixer for high-speed mixing and stirring, the stirring time is 5 minutes, and the stirring speed is 380rpm/min; then the high-speed mixed material The temperature of the high-temperature steam is 320°C, the pressure of the high-temperature steam is 3.2Mpa, and the degree of aging is 25.00%, and then the material is sent into the inner of the dryer. The temperature is 220°C to dry the moisture to 25%, and then pass through a 400-mesh sieve for crushing to obtain mixed and dried materials;

e. Granulation and packaging: Extrude and granulate the mixed and dried material prepared in step d, the particle size is 3mm, then dry the moisture to 15%, and then cool to normal temperature for packaging to obtain sheep straw pellet feed finished product.

Example 3:

According to one aspect of the present invention, this embodiment provides a kind of method that utilizes peanut stalks to produce sheep pellet feed, and described sheep pellet feed is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: 60% of peanut straw, 3% of pine needle powder, 6% of soybean meal powder %, corn flour 5%, giant fungus grass 6%, carrot 6%, yeast powder 3%, sucrose molasses 2%, compound premix 4%, monensin sodium 0.24%, bacitracin zinc 0.16%, salt 1.6 %, the balance is distiller's grain powder; the sugar content of the sucrose molasses is 48%, and it contains 08,000 beneficial microorganisms/g superior grade sucrose molasses; the content of monensin in the monensin sodium is 93.00% %, the bacitracin zinc is 10% or 15% bacitracin zinc powder, wherein the zinc content is 6.00%.

The premix contains methionine, colistin sulfate, folic acid, tricalcium phosphate, vitamin premix, sodium selenite and potassium sulfate, and the methionine, colistin sulfate, folic acid, tricalcium phosphate, vitamin premix The specific gravity of the mixture, sodium selenite and potassium sulfate is 0.4:0.2:2:6:8:3:2; the sulfur content in the colistin sulfate is 22.00%.

The preparation method of described sheep pellet feed comprises the following steps:

a. Weigh the raw materials of sheep pellet feed by weight: 60% peanut straw, 3% pine needle powder, 6% soybean meal powder, 5% corn flour, 6% giant fungus grass, 6% carrot, 3% yeast powder, sucrose molasses 2%, compound premix 4%, monensin sodium 0.24%, bacitracin zinc 0.16%, salt 1.6%, and distiller's grain powder as the balance;

b. Pretreatment of plant raw materials: First, dry the peanut straw and giant fungus grass to 50% moisture, cut them into 4cm long pieces, then dry the moisture to 22%, then add pine needle powder to mix and crush into 340 mesh powder to obtain the plant powder mixture; for subsequent use, the carrots were cut into 3cm flakes, then soaked in 4 times of salt water for 50 minutes, the carrot flakes were taken out and crushed into 2mm particles, and then Put corn flour and crushed carrot granules together in salt water and heat to 50°C, and keep stirring for 15 minutes to obtain a mixed liquid material. Finally, add plant powder mixed material and soybean meal powder to the mixed liquid material in turn and mix evenly to obtain plant Raw material premix, spare;

c. Mixing pretreatment: add yeast powder, sucrose molasses, premix, monensin sodium, bacitracin zinc, and distiller's grains powder to the plant raw material premix prepared in step b to mix evenly, and then add The salt feed was stirred and mixed at a low speed for 8 minutes. The mixing speed was 150rpm/min. After standing for 1.5 hours, put it into a vacuum tank and compact it firmly. Place it at a temperature of 25°C for 12 days to obtain a mixed pretreatment material , and detect the total number of beneficial bacteria every 3 days. If the total number of beneficial bacteria is 7×10 ⁹ CFU/g, stop the pretreatment and set aside;

d. Drying pretreatment: send the mixed pretreatment material prepared in step c into the mixer for high-speed mixing and stirring, the stirring time is 4 minutes, and the stirring speed is 420rpm/min; then the high-speed mixed material The temperature of the high-temperature steam is 250°C, the pressure of the high-temperature steam is 4.00Mpa, and the degree of aging is 24.00%, and then the material is sent into the inner of the dryer. Dry the moisture to 23% at a temperature of 190°C, and then pass through a 360-mesh sieve for crushing to obtain mixed and dried materials;

e. Granulation and packaging: Extrude and granulate the mixed and dried material prepared in step d, with a particle size of 1.0 mm to 1.5 mm, then dry the moisture to 13%, then cool to normal temperature for packaging, and obtain The finished product of sheep straw pellet feed.

Example 4:

According to one aspect of the present invention, this embodiment provides a kind of method that utilizes peanut stalks to produce sheep pellet feed, and described sheep pellet feed is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: 55% of peanut straw, 4% of pine needle powder, 7% of soybean meal powder %, corn flour 6%, giant fungus grass 5%, carrot 7%, yeast powder 3.6%, sucrose molasses 2.5%, compound premix 3%, monensin sodium 0.3%, bacitracin zinc 0.12%, salt 1.8 %, the balance is distiller's grains powder; the sugar content of the sucrose molasses is 45%, and it contains 07,000 beneficial microorganisms/g superior-grade sucrose molasses; the content of monensin in the monensin sodium is 94.00% %, the bacitracin zinc is 10% or 15% bacitracin zinc powder, wherein the content of zinc is 5.00%.

The premix contains methionine, colistin sulfate, folic acid, tricalcium phosphate, vitamin premix, sodium selenite and potassium sulfate, and the methionine, colistin sulfate, folic acid, tricalcium phosphate, vitamin premix The specific gravity of the mixture, sodium selenite and potassium sulfate is 0.3:0.3:2:5:7:4:2; the sulfur content in the colistin sulfate is 23.00%.

The preparation method of described sheep pellet feed comprises the following steps:

a. Weigh the raw materials of sheep pellet feed by weight: 55% peanut straw, 4% pine needle powder, 7% soybean meal powder, 6% corn flour, 5% giant fungus grass, 7% carrot, 3.6% yeast powder, sucrose molasses 2.5%, 3% compound premix, 0.3% monensin sodium, 0.12% bacitracin zinc, 1.8% salt, and the rest is distiller's grain powder;

b. Pretreatment of plant raw materials: First, dry the peanut straw and giant fungus grass to 53% respectively, cut them into 5cm long pieces, then dry the moisture to 24%, then add pine needle powder to mix and crush into 380 mesh powder to obtain the plant powder mixture; for later use, the carrots were cut into 4cm flakes, then soaked in 4 times of salt water for 40 minutes, the carrot flakes were taken out and crushed into 3mm particles, and then Put corn flour and crushed carrot granules together in salt water and heat to 50°C, and keep stirring for 15 minutes to obtain a mixed liquid material. Finally, add plant powder mixed material and soybean meal powder to the mixed liquid material in turn and mix evenly to obtain plant Raw material premix, spare;

c. Mixing pretreatment: add yeast powder, sucrose molasses, premix, monensin sodium, bacitracin zinc, and distiller's grains powder to the plant raw material premix prepared in step b to mix evenly, and then add The salt feed was stirred and mixed at a low speed for 7 minutes. The mixing speed was 130rpm/min. After standing for 1.8 hours, put it into a vacuum tank and compact it firmly. Place it at a temperature of 28°C for 15 days to obtain a mixed pretreatment material , and detect the total number of beneficial bacteria every 2 days. If the total number of beneficial bacteria is 8×10 ⁸ CFU/g, stop the pretreatment and set aside;

d. Drying pretreatment: send the mixed pretreatment material prepared in step c into the mixer for high-speed mixing and stirring, the stirring time is 3 minutes, and the stirring speed is 460rpm/min; then the high-speed mixed material Send it into the conditioning chamber of high-speed rotating high-pressure steam for aging. The temperature of the high-temperature steam is 280°C, and the pressure of the high-temperature steam is 5Mpa. After the aging degree is 23.00%, the material is sent into the dryer at an internal temperature Dry the water at 200°C to 24%, and then pass through a 340-mesh sieve for crushing to obtain mixed and dried materials;

e. Granulation and packaging: Extrude and granulate the mixed and dried material prepared in step d, with a particle size of 1.8 mm to 2.2 mm, then dry the moisture to 14%, and then cool to normal temperature for packaging to obtain The finished product of sheep straw pellet feed.

Experimental effect analysis: After testing, the crude protein content of the pellet feed of the present invention is not less than 10.4% to 11.9%, and the crude fiber content is not more than 6%. The pellet feed of the present invention is fed in a black goat farm in Guangxi. It started to be used two months before delivery, and the feeding amount was shown in Table 1.

Table 1: Black goat feeding effect test

After the feeding experiment, the goats gave birth smoothly, and the corresponding nutrition was supplemented at the right time during production. There was no inflammation or pregnancy disease within half a month, and the postpartum recovery was relatively fast. Among them, the digestibility refers to: dry matter (DM), crude protein ( Average digestibility of CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), crude fat (EE), soluble carbohydrates (WSC), ash (Ash) and net energy for milk production (NEL).

The present invention selects 200 black goats with similar body conditions and good health status, and divides the black goats into four groups of A, B, C and D according to the principle of random grouping. Before the experiment, the body weight of each group of black goats is (7.2 ± 3) kg , group A is fed with common feed (equivalent to conventional energy protein feed) as a control group, and groups B, C and D are fed with the peanut straw sheep pellet feed of Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and the feeding cycle is 90 days , Feeding conditions: drink sufficient water to the black goat every day, and the data obtained at the end of the test are shown in Table 2.

Table 2: Black goat feeding effect test

feed formula feeding time daily gain succulent daily feed intake ration cost feed conversion ratio Morbidity Group A 120 days 0.5kg it is good 1.62kg 1.85 yuan 6.52% Low Group B 120 days 0.78kg excellent 1.28kg 1.57 yuan 7.83% none Group C 120 days 0.80kg it is good 1.43kg 1.53 yuan 8.02% none Group D 120 days 0.85kg excellent 1.35kg 1.48 yuan 7.96% none

As can be seen from Table 1, when test A group and test B, C, D group are compared and fed, the nutrient content of pellet feed of the present invention is higher, as can be seen from Table 1, the growth rate of test B, C, D group is faster, The average body weight is obviously heavier, the feed conversion rate is higher, the disease-free rate is low, and the meat quality is better. As can be seen from Table 1, the ration costs of the test groups B, C, and D are low. The pellet feed of the present invention not only makes the black goat obtain It has a significant weight gain effect and greatly reduces the cost of feeding. At the same time, it improves the digestion and absorption rate and conversion rate of feed feeding, improves palatability, reduces morbidity and feeding costs, and reduces feed waste. Peanuts After the straw is compressed and granulated, the volume of the peanut straw can be reduced by more than 98%, which greatly reduces the storage and transportation costs of the feed. The nutritional index of the peanut straw granular feed of the invention can reach the nutritional level required by black goats.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be It is regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of method that utilization peanut straw produces sheep pellet, it is characterised in that：The sheep pellet is by following heavy Measure the raw material composition of part：Peanut straw 53%~65%, pine needle meal 2%~5%, bean cake powder 4.7%~8%, corn flour 4%~ 7%th, Jujun grasses 4%~8%, carrot 5%~8%, dusty yeast 2%~4%, Sugar cane molasses 1%~3%, compound premix 2%~5%, rumensin 0.2%~0.3%, Bacitracin Zinc 0.1%~0.2%, salt 1.0~2.0%, balance of wine Poor powder；The Preparation Method of the sheep pellet is comprised the following steps：

A, the raw material for weighing sheep pellet by weight：Peanut straw 53%~65%, pine needle meal 2%~5%, bean cake powder 4.7%~8%, corn flour 4%~7%, Jujun grasses 4%~8%, carrot 5%~8%, dusty yeast 2%~4%, sucrose sugar Honey 1%~3%, compound premix 2%~5%, rumensin 0.2%~0.3%, Bacitracin Zinc 0.1%~0.2%, food Salt 1.0~2.0%, balance of vinasse powder；

B, plant material pretreatment：Peanut straw, Jujun grasses are dried into moisture to 45~55% respectively first, 3cm is cut into respectively Segment~6cm long, then moisture is dried to after 20%~25%, then add pine needle meal and mixed together and be ground into 300 mesh~400 mesh powder, obtain plant powder mixed material；It is standby, secondly carrot is cut into the plates of 2cm~4cm, then Soaked 30 minutes~60 minutes with 2~5 times of saline solutions, take out carrot plates and blended into 2mm~3mm particles, then Corn flour and the daucus carrot particles that blend are put into saline solution together and are heated to 45 DEG C~55 DEG C, and be stirred continuously 10 minutes~ Obtain within 20 minutes mixing liquid material, be finally added sequentially to plant powder mixed material, bean cake powder to be mixed in mixing liquid material Uniformly, plant material premix is obtained, it is standby；

C, mixing pretreatment：Sequentially added in the preparation-obtained plant material premixes of step b dusty yeast, Sugar cane molasses, Premix, rumensin, Bacitracin Zinc, vinasse powder are well mixed, and then adding salt carries out material and carry out low speed stirring Mixing is mixed, firmly compression compacting in vacuum tank is fitted into after placing 1 hour~2 hours, under conditions of being 20 DEG C~32 DEG C in temperature Placement obtains mixing pretreated material for 5 days~20 days, and detects that the number of beneficial bacterium is total for 6 × 10⁸CFU/g~8 × 10¹⁰CFU/ G then stops pretreatment, standby；

D, drying pretreatment：Mixed at high speed is carried out in the mixing pretreated material feeding mixer that will be prepared in step c to stir Mix, the quenched interior of the high steam that the material feeding after mixed at high speed is rotated at a high speed is cured, and makes the material after curing It is re-fed into being dried in baker, then crosses 300 mesh~400 mesh sieves and crushed, obtains mixing material drying；

E, granulation and packaging：The mixing material drying that will be prepared in step d carries out extruder grain, then dries moisture extremely 10%~15%, it is cooled to normal temperature and implements packing processes, obtain sheep pellet feeds from stalks finished product.

2. the method that a kind of utilization peanut straw according to claim 1 produces sheep pellet, it is characterised in that：It is described Sheep pellet is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Peanut straw 55%~60%, pine needle meal 3%~4%, bean cake powder 6% ~7%, corn flour 5%~6%, Jujun grasses 5%~6%, carrot 6%~7%, dusty yeast 3%~3.6%, Sugar cane molasses 2%~2.5%, compound premix 3%~4%, rumensin 0.24%~0.3%, Bacitracin Zinc 0.12%~0.16%, Salt 1.6~1.8%, balance of vinasse powder.

3. the method that a kind of utilization peanut straw according to claim 1 produces sheep pellet, it is characterised in that：It is described In step c stirring at low speed mixing 5 minutes~10 minutes time, mixed on low speed stirring speed for 120rpm/min~ 160rpm/min。

4. the method that a kind of utilization peanut straw according to claim 1 produces sheep pellet, it is characterised in that：It is described Step d high speeds mix time be 3 minutes~5 minutes, mixed at high speed stirring speed for 380rpm/min~ 480rpm/min；Make curing degree in the step d after 22.00%~25.00%, to be re-fed into carrying out drying moisture in baker Content is to 28.00%~35.00%.

5. the method that a kind of utilization peanut straw according to claim 1 produces sheep pellet, it is characterised in that：It is described Drying temperature when being re-fed into baker carrying out drying moisture in step d is 150 DEG C~220 DEG C, drying moisture to 20%~ 25% stops drying.

6. the method that a kind of utilization peanut straw according to claim 1 and 2 produces sheep pellet, it is characterised in that： The content of coban is 92.00%~95.00% in the rumensin, and the Bacitracin Zinc is 10% or 15% type The content of bacitracin zinc powder, wherein zinc is 3.00%~7.00%.

7. the method that a kind of utilization peanut straw according to claim 1 produces sheep pellet, it is characterised in that：It is described Compound premix include methionine, colistine sulfate, folic acid, tricalcium phosphate, vitamin premix, sodium selenite and sulfuric acid Potassium, the proportion of the methionine, sulfate colistin, folic acid, tricalcium phosphate, vitamin premix, sodium selenite and potassium sulfate It is 0.1~0.5:0.1~0.3:1~3:3~7:5~10:2~5:1~3.

8. the method that a kind of utilization peanut straw according to claim 7 produces sheep pellet, it is characterised in that：It is described The content of sulphur is 20.00%~24.00% in colistine sulfate.

9. the method that a kind of utilization peanut straw according to claim 1 and 2 produces sheep pellet, it is characterised in that： The sugar content of the Sugar cane molasses is 40%~50%, the top grade sucrose sugar containing beneficial microbe 0.5 ten thousand/g~10,000/g Honey.

10. a kind of sheep pellet according to any claim in claim 1 such as claim 1~6,7,8 should With, it is characterised in that the black goat that the sheep pellet feeds from stalks is used for more than 5kg is cultivated.