CN106904155B - Electric-wheel truck electrichydraulic control hydraulic accumulation energy regenerative braking and auxiliary drive device - Google Patents

Abstract

Aiming at the shortcomings of the existing electric-wheel trucks that use resistance grids to absorb kinetic energy during downhill, deceleration and braking, and serious energy waste, the invention discloses an electro-hydraulic control hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking and auxiliary drive device for electric-wheel trucks . The device can recover the energy in the process of downhill, deceleration and braking of the electric wheel truck, and then provide the stored energy to the electric wheel truck in the process of uphill, acceleration and starting, which plays a role in energy saving and emission reduction. Improve the mileage of the mine car, and at the same time extend the service life of the engine, generator and motor of the original car. The device includes: a mechanical energy hydraulic energy conversion device and a gas control device.

Description

Electric wheel truck electro-hydraulic control hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking and auxiliary drive device

technical field

The invention relates to an electric-wheel truck electro-hydraulic control hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking and auxiliary drive device, which belongs to the technical field of electric-wheel truck regenerative energy storage, and in particular relates to the technical field of regenerative energy storage for large off-road vehicles.

Background technique

The electric wheel truck is a large-scale transport vehicle for open-pit mines, which has the operating characteristics of going uphill with a full load and downhill without a load. At present, the electrical braking method of electric wheel trucks at home and abroad generally adopts the energy consumption type, that is, braking resistor grid braking. This kind of electric braking is mainly used to control the speed of the vehicle during deceleration, downhill and braking. At this time, the traction motor actually becomes a generator, which converts the kinetic energy of the dump truck under the action of inertial force or downhill state into electric energy. It is added to the brake resistor grid and dissipated in the atmosphere in the form of heat energy, so the energy waste is extremely serious. Recovering this part of regenerative energy is an important research direction of electric wheel trucks, and the research on energy storage of electric wheel trucks is still blank at this stage.

At present, electric wheel trucks use resistance grid braking, and the energy generated when decelerating and descending long slopes is wasted, which not only does not save energy, but also causes energy consumption in other systems. The regenerative braking and auxiliary driving device can rationally utilize the electric energy generated during braking to achieve the purpose of saving energy. While expanding the use of regenerative braking, the use of mechanical braking can be reduced, thereby reducing the maintenance workload of the vehicle, improving the operating environment of the vehicle, reducing pollution during driving, and improving the comfort of the driver.

Contents of the invention

Purpose: In order to overcome the drawbacks in the prior art that electric wheel trucks adopt resistance grid braking, the energy generated during downhill, deceleration and braking is dissipated in the form of heat and is seriously wasted. Wheel truck electro-hydraulic control hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking and auxiliary drive device.

Technical solution: In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

The electric wheel truck electro-hydraulic control hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking and auxiliary drive device includes: a mechanical energy hydraulic energy conversion device and an electrical control device. The mechanical energy hydraulic energy conversion device includes: a first clutch (6), a first pump motor ( 5), one-way valve (4), accumulator (1), electromagnetic reversing valve (21), oil tank (20), electromagnetic reversing valve (21) oil port P and the lower end of the first pump motor (5) The oil inlet is connected, the oil outlet on the upper end of the first pump motor (5) is connected to the accumulator (1) through the check valve (4), and the other oil outlet on the upper end of the first pump motor (5) is connected to the solenoid The reversing valve (21) is connected to the oil port A; the output end of the first pump motor (5) is connected to the first clutch (6) through the shaft (14); the one-way valve (4) is connected to the accumulator ( 1) are connected to the oil port B of the electromagnetic reversing valve (21) through a pipeline; the oil port T of the electromagnetic reversing valve (21) is connected to the fuel tank (20); the electrical control device is connected to The control electromagnetic reversing valve (21) is connected with the first clutch (6), and is used to control the electromagnetic reversing valve (21) to work in the left position or the right position, so as to realize switching the first pump motor (5) to work in the pump or Motor state: the first clutch (6) engages or separates from the first wheel (7).

The electrical control device includes: the original vehicle electric transmission system (9), hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking control system (24), clutch signal sensor (25), brake signal sensor (26), acceleration signal sensor (27), Start stop switch (22), forward reversing switch (23), the start stop switch (22), forward reversing switch (23) are connected with the original vehicle electric transmission system (9); the clutch signal sensor (25 ), the brake signal sensor (26), the acceleration signal sensor (27) are respectively connected with the original vehicle electric transmission system (9), the hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking control system (24); the original vehicle electric transmission system (9) and The hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking control system (24) is connected; the hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking control system (24) is connected to the control end of the electromagnetic reversing valve (21), and is used to control the electromagnetic reversing valve (21) ) works in the left position or the right position to realize switching the first pump motor (5) to work in the pump or motor state; the original vehicle electric transmission system (9) is used to control the generator work and the clutch engagement and separation; the clutch The input terminals of signal sensor (25), brake signal sensor (26) and acceleration signal sensor (27) are respectively connected with clutch pedal (28), brake pedal (29) and accelerator pedal (30) .

As a preferred solution, it also includes: a second clutch (12), a second pump motor (13), the oil inlet at the lower end of the second pump motor (13) is connected with the oil port P of the electromagnetic reversing valve (21), and the second The oil outlet at the upper end of the pump motor (13) is connected with the oil port A of the electromagnetic reversing valve (21), and the output end of the second pump motor (13) is connected with the second clutch (12) through the shaft (19); the second The other end of the clutch (12) is connected with the second wheel (11) through the shaft (17).

As a preferred solution, it also includes: an overflow valve (3), an overflow valve (3) is connected between the accumulator (1) and the one-way valve (4), and the output end of the overflow valve (3) is connected with The oil tank (20) is used for when the pressure in the accumulator (1) exceeds the set pressure, the overflow valve (3) unloads the pressure oil back to the oil tank (20).

As a preferred solution, it also includes: a pressure gauge (2), a pressure gauge (2) is connected between the accumulator (1) and the one-way valve (4), used to display the pressure in the accumulator (1) Happening.

As a preferred solution, it also includes a pressure relay (31), a pressure relay (31) is connected between the accumulator (1) and the one-way valve (4), and the signal output terminal of the pressure relay (31) is connected to the hydraulic pressure The energy storage regenerative braking control system (24) is connected, and is used to send a signal of excessive pressure or too low pressure to the hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking control system (24), so that the hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking control system (24) sends a signal to the original The vehicle electric transmission system (9) sends out a signal for controlling the engagement and separation of the clutch.

Beneficial effects: The electric wheel truck electro-hydraulic control hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking and auxiliary drive device provided by the present invention can recover and reuse the energy generated by the electric wheel truck when going downhill, decelerating and braking by using the hydraulic energy storage device. That is, energy recovery is performed during downhill, deceleration and braking, and energy is provided during uphill, acceleration and starting, so as to eliminate the disadvantages of using resistance grid braking and energy being wasted in the form of heat, so as to achieve The effect of energy saving and emission reduction.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electromagnetic reversing valve.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, an electro-hydraulic control hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking and auxiliary drive device for electric wheel trucks. When the vehicle is running normally, that is, the vehicle is in the state of moving forward on a flat road, and does not need energy storage and energy discharge. , the clutch pedal (28) should be released, at this time the first clutch (6) and the second clutch (12) are disengaged; Or in the state of going uphill, accelerating and starting, it is necessary to store or release energy at this time, and the clutch pedal (28) should be stepped on, then the first clutch (6) and the second clutch (12) will be engaged at this time .

When the clutch pedal (28) is depressed, the clutch signal is sent to the original vehicle electric transmission system (9) and the hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking control system (24) respectively through the clutch signal sensor (25). If the brake pedal (29) is stepped on after the clutch pedal (28) is depressed, the brake signal will be sent to the original vehicle electric transmission system (9) and hydraulic pressure through the brake signal sensor (26). In the energy storage regenerative braking control system (24), the original vehicle electric transmission system (9) controls the power supply frequency of the first electric motor (8) and the second electric motor (10) to decrease, and the reduction range depends on the brake pedal (29) The pedaling range is determined, and the pedaling range is controlled according to the required speed when going downhill and decelerating. The brake can be fully stepped on when parking, and at this moment, the electric transmission system (9) of the original car cuts off the excitation power supply of the first motor (8) and the second motor (10). When the brake pedal (29) is stepped on, the hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking control system (24) that receives the braking signal will control the electromagnetic reversing valve (21) to lose power, and the electromagnetic reversing valve will work in the left position; If the accelerator pedal (30) is stepped on after the clutch pedal (28) is depressed, the acceleration signal will be sent to the original vehicle electric drive system (9) and hydraulic energy storage respectively through the acceleration signal sensor (27) In the regenerative braking control system (24), the original vehicle electric transmission system (9) controls the power supply frequency of the first motor (8) and the second motor (10) to increase, and the increase range depends on the accelerator pedal (30) The pedaling range is determined, and the pedaling range is controlled according to the required speed when going uphill, accelerating and starting. When the accelerator pedal (30) is stepped on, the hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking control system (24) that receives the acceleration signal will control the electromagnetic reversing valve (21) to be energized, and the electromagnetic reversing valve (21) will work on the right bit.

one. Normal flat road forward mode

When the start/stop switch (22) is at the start position, when the forward/reverse switch (23) is at the forward position, neither the clutch pedal (28) nor the brake pedal (29) is depressed, as before The first clutch (6) and the second clutch (12) are separated, and the original vehicle electric transmission system (9) drives the first wheel (7) through the first motor (8) and the shaft (15), and at the same time, through the second Two electric motors (10), the axle (16) drive the second wheel (11), and the mine car is in the forward state. The running speed of the mine car can be controlled by the accelerator pedal (30), according to the strength of the accelerator pedal (30), it is sent to the original car electric drive system (9) through the acceleration signal sensor (27) Speed control.

two. Normal flat road reversing mode

When the start/stop switch (22) is at the start position, when the forward/reverse switch (23) is at the reverse position, neither the clutch pedal (28) nor the brake pedal (29) is depressed, as before The above-mentioned first clutch (6) and second clutch (12) are separated, and the original vehicle electric drive system (9) drives the first wheel (7) through the first motor (8) and the shaft (15), and at the same time drives the first wheel (7) through the second Motor (10), shaft (16) drive the second wheel (11), and the mine car is in backward state. The running speed of the mine car can be controlled by the accelerator pedal (30), according to the strength of the accelerator pedal (30), it is sent to the original car electric drive system (9) through the acceleration signal sensor (27) Speed control. In reverse mode, energy storage and energy discharge are prohibited.

three. Downhill, deceleration and braking modes

When the vehicle is downhill, decelerating and braking, the accelerator pedal is released, and the clutch pedal (28) and brake pedal (29) are pressed down. As previously mentioned, the first clutch (6) and the second clutch Both clutches (12) are engaged, and the braking signal is sent to the hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking control system (24) through the braking signal sensor (26), and the hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking control system (24) controls the electromagnetic reversing valve (21) power failure, electromagnetic reversing valve (22) works in the left position. When going downhill, decelerating and braking, the mine car transmits kinetic energy to the first pump motor (5) through the first wheel (7), shaft (18), first clutch (6) and shaft (14) under the action of inertial force ) (the first pump motor (5) is working in the pump mode at this time), the transmission process of the right drive train is the same as that of the left drive train. The hydraulic oil in the oil tank (20) enters the oil inlet at the lower end of the first pump motor (5) through the oil port T and the oil port P of the solenoid reversing valve (21), and then enters the check valve ( 4), and finally enter the accumulator (1). If the pressure in the accumulator (1) exceeds the set pressure, the overflow valve (3) will open to unload the pressure oil back to the oil tank (20), at this time the pressure displayed by the pressure gauge (2) exceeds the limit , the clutch pedal (28) should be released. If the clutch pedal (28) is still depressed, the pressure relay (31) will send a signal to the hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking control system (24), and then the original vehicle The electric transmission system (9) controls the separation of the first clutch (6) and the second clutch (12), so as to prevent the energy storage time from being too long after overpressure and the hydraulic system to generate heat. At the same time, the pressure relay (31) will give The system (9) transmits a signal to make the electric drive system (9) of the original car turn on its own electric braking system, and utilize the original electric braking system of the mine car to absorb braking energy. If you want to stop, you should use the mechanical brake system of the original car, and keep stepping on the brake pedal until you stop.

Four. Uphill, acceleration and launch modes

When the vehicle is on an uphill, accelerating and starting, release the brake pedal (29), step on the clutch pedal (28) and accelerator pedal (30), at this time the first clutch (6 ) and the second clutch (12), the acceleration signal is sent to the hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking control system (24) through the acceleration signal sensor (27), and the hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking control system (24) controls the electromagnetic commutation The valve (21) is energized, and the electromagnetic reversing valve works in the right position. When going uphill, accelerating and starting, the mine car is driven by the first pump motor (5) (at this time, the first pump motor (5) is working in motor mode), and the power is passed through the shaft (14), the first clutch (6) 1. The shaft (18) is transmitted to the first wheel (7), and the transmission process of the right drive train is the same as that of the left drive train. The pressure oil in the accumulator (1) enters through the oil port B of the reversing valve (21), flows from the oil port P into the oil inlet port at the lower end of the first pump motor (5), and then passes through the first pump motor (5) The upper oil outlet flows in through the oil port A of the electromagnetic reversing valve (21), and returns to the oil tank (20) from the oil port T. If you see that the pressure in the pressure gauge (2) is already very small, it means that the hydraulic energy in the accumulator is insufficient, you should release the clutch pedal (28), if you still press the clutch pedal (28), at this time The pressure relay (31) sends a signal to the hydraulic energy storage regenerative braking control system (24), and then the original vehicle electric transmission system (9) controls the separation of the first clutch (6) and the second clutch (12), and the hydraulic energy storage The regenerative braking control system (24) de-energizes the reversing valve (21) and returns to the left position, and the accumulator (1) will not continue to discharge energy due to the existence of the check valve (4), so as not to damage the hydraulic system. At the same time, the pressure relay (31) will transmit a signal to the original vehicle electric transmission system (9), so that the original vehicle electric transmission system (9) uses the acceleration system of the original vehicle to control the first electric motor (8) and the second electric motor (10) to accelerate .

five. Energy storage system maintenance

During maintenance of the energy storage system, if the pressure needs to be released, the overflow valve (3) can be used for unloading.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also possible. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. electric-wheel truck electrichydraulic control hydraulic accumulation energy regenerative braking and auxiliary drive device, comprising: the transformation of mechanical energy hydraulic energy Device, electrical control gear, it is characterised in that: the mechanical energy hydraulic energy converting means includes: first clutch (6), first Pump motor (5), check valve (4), accumulator (1), solenoid directional control valve (21), fuel tank (20), solenoid directional control valve (21) lead to hydraulic fluid port P with First pump motor (5) lower end oil inlet is connected, and the first pump motor (5) upper end oil outlet passes through check valve (4) and accumulation of energy all the way Device (1) is connected, and the first pump motor (5) upper end oil outlet another way leads to hydraulic fluid port A with solenoid directional control valve (21) and is connected；First pump Motor (5) output end is connected by first axle (14) with first clutch (6)；Between the check valve (4) and accumulator (1) Lead to hydraulic fluid port B with solenoid directional control valve (21) by pipeline to be connected；The solenoid directional control valve (21) leads to hydraulic fluid port T and is connected with fuel tank (20) It connects；The electrical control gear is connected with control solenoid directional control valve (21) and first clutch (6) respectively, for controlling control In left position, perhaps right position realizes switching the first pump motor (5) work in pump or motor condition for solenoid directional control valve (21) work；The One clutch (6) is engaged or is separated with the first wheel (7)；

The electrical control gear includes: former vehicle electric drive system (9), hydraulic accumulation energy regenerative brake control system (24), clutch Signal transducer (25), brake signal sensor (26), acceleration signals sensor (27) start shutdown switch (22), move ahead Stopping switch (23), the starting shutdown switch (22), forward reversing switch (23) are connected with former vehicle electric drive system (9)；Institute State clutch signal transducer (25), brake signal sensor (26), acceleration signals sensor (27) respectively with former vehicle electric powertrain System (9), hydraulic accumulation energy regenerative brake control system (24) are connected；The original vehicle electric drive system (9) and hydraulic accumulation energy regenerate Braking control system (24) is connected；The hydraulic accumulation energy regenerative brake control system (24) and solenoid directional control valve (21) control terminal It is connected, for controlling control solenoid directional control valve (21) work in left position or right position, realizes switching the first pump motor (5) work In pump or motor condition；The original vehicle electric drive system (9) for control electric motor operation and clutch engagement with separate；Institute State clutch signal transducer (25), brake signal sensor (26), acceleration signals sensor (27) input terminal respectively with clutch Device foot pedal (28), brake pedal (29), accelerator foot pedal (30) are connected；

Further include: second clutch (12), the second pump motor (13), the second pump motor (13) lower end oil inlet and electromagnetic switch Valve (21) leads to hydraulic fluid port P and is connected, and the second pump motor (13) upper end oil outlet leads to hydraulic fluid port A with solenoid directional control valve (21) and is connected, the Two pump motors (13) output end is connected by third axis (19) with second clutch (12)；

Further include: overflow valve (3) is connected with overflow valve (3) between the accumulator (1) and check valve (4), and overflow valve (3) is defeated Outlet is connected with fuel tank (20), and when the pressure inner for accumulator (1) is more than the pressure of setting, overflow valve (3) unloads pressure oil Lotus oil return box (20)；Further include: pressure gauge (2) is connected with pressure gauge (2) between the accumulator (1) and check valve (4), is used Pressure condition in display accumulator (1)；Pressure switch (31) are connected between the accumulator (1) and check valve (4), The signal output end of the pressure switch (31) is connected with hydraulic accumulation energy regenerative brake control system (24), is used for hydraulic Storage energy regeneration brake control system (24) sends that pressure is excessive or too small signal, to pass through hydraulic accumulation energy regenerative braking control system Unite (24) to former vehicle electric drive system (9) issue signal, for control clutch engagement with separate；

When vehicle is in descending, deceleration and braking, relief accelerator foot pedal steps on clutch foot plate (28) and brake Foot pedal (29), first clutch (6) and second clutch (12) all engage at this time, and brake signal passes through brake signal sensor (26) it is sent in hydraulic accumulation energy regenerative brake control system (24), hydraulic accumulation energy regenerative brake control system (24) control electromagnetism changes To valve (21) power loss, solenoid directional control valve (21) works in left position；Work of the electric-wheel truck in inertia force when descending, deceleration and braking Kinetic energy is transmitted to work in pump mode by the first wheel (7), the second axis (18), first clutch (6), first axle (14) with lower The first pump motor (5), the right power train is identical as left side power train transmission process；Hydraulic oil in fuel tank (20) passes through electromagnetism Reversal valve (21) leads to entrance the first pump motor (5) lower end oil inlet of hydraulic fluid port T, logical hydraulic fluid port P, then is entered unidirectionally by upper end oil outlet Valve (4) eventually enters into accumulator (1)；If the inner pressure of accumulator (1) is more than the pressure of setting, overflow valve (3) will It opens, by pressure oil off-load oil return box (20), the pressure limit of pressure gauge (2) display at this time, it should which loosen the clutch foot pedal (28), if still stepping on clutch foot plate (28), pressure switch (31) is controlled to hydraulic accumulation energy regenerative braking at this time is System (24) issues signal, then is separated by former vehicle electric drive system (9) control first clutch (6) and second clutch (12), with Energy storage time is too long after exempting from over-voltage, Hydraulic System Fever, and pressure switch (31) can be to former vehicle electric drive system (9) at the same time Signal is transmitted, so that former vehicle electric drive system (9) is opened the electric braking system of itself, utilizes the original electric braking system of mine car Absorb braking energy；If brake pedal should be stepped on always until parking is using the mechanical braking system of former vehicle by stopping Only；

It when going up a slope, accelerate and starting when vehicle is in, discharges brake pedal (29), step on clutch foot plate (28) and adds Fast device foot pedal (30), first clutch (6) and second clutch (12) all engage at this time, and acceleration signals is passed by acceleration signals Sensor (27) is sent in hydraulic accumulation energy regenerative brake control system (24), hydraulic accumulation energy regenerative brake control system (24) control electricity Magnetic reversal valve (21) must be electric, and solenoid directional control valve works in right position；Electric-wheel truck is in work in motor when going up a slope, accelerate and starting Under the driving of the first pump motor (5) of mode, power is transmitted by first axle (14), first clutch (6), the second axis (18) To the first wheel (7), the right power train is identical as left side power train transmission process；Pressure oil in accumulator (1) is by commutation Valve (21) leads to hydraulic fluid port B and enters, and flows into the first pump motor (5) lower end oil inlet from logical hydraulic fluid port P, then by the first pump motor (5) It brings out hydraulic fluid port and leads to hydraulic fluid port A inflow through solenoid directional control valve (21), returned in fuel tank (20) from logical hydraulic fluid port T；If seeing pressure gauge (2) In pressure very little, it is insufficient to represent hydraulic energy in accumulator, it should the foot pedal that loosens the clutch (28), if still stepped on Lower clutch foot plate (28), pressure switch (31) issues signal to hydraulic accumulation energy regenerative brake control system (24) at this time, It is separated again by former vehicle electric drive system (9) control first clutch (6) and second clutch (12), while hydraulic accumulation energy regeneration system Autocontrol system (24) makes reversal valve (21) power loss return to left position, and accumulator (1) will not continue to due to the presence of check valve (4) Exoergic, in order to avoid damage hydraulic system；Pressure switch (31) can transmit signal to former vehicle electric drive system (9) simultaneously, make former vehicle Electric drive system (9) is accelerated using the acceleration system control the first motor (8) of former vehicle, the second motor (10).