CN106908096B - Ultra-low frequency simple harmonic vibration displacement and tensile-bending composite strain comprehensive test device - Google Patents

Ultra-low frequency simple harmonic vibration displacement and tensile-bending composite strain comprehensive test device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106908096B
CN106908096B CN201710125088.3A CN201710125088A CN106908096B CN 106908096 B CN106908096 B CN 106908096B CN 201710125088 A CN201710125088 A CN 201710125088A CN 106908096 B CN106908096 B CN 106908096B
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optical axis
speed motor
simple harmonic
crank
sensor
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CN106908096A (en
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胡雄
崔释匀
陈晴岚
张冰倩
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Shanghai Maritime University
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Shanghai Maritime University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D18/00Testing or calibrating apparatus or arrangements provided for in groups G01D1/00 - G01D15/00

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种超低频简谐振动位移与拉弯复合应变综合试验装置,该装置由一个框架结构和框架底板上的两套机构组成。一套是由两组对心曲柄滑块机构、一台可调速电机和通过板梁挂钩垂直悬挂于框架结构上的一对试验工件组成:另一套由简谐振动机构、一台可调速电机和通过板梁挂钩垂直悬挂于框架结构上的一个试验工件组成。试验工件配置有砝码套件,将砝码放上砝码托盘可对试验工件进行加载。本发明不仅能发生频率和幅度可控的简谐振动位移与拉弯复合应变信号,还能实现多频信号和单频信号的同步对比。

The invention provides an ultra-low frequency simple harmonic vibration displacement and tensile-bending composite strain comprehensive test device, which consists of a frame structure and two sets of mechanisms on the frame bottom plate. One set is composed of two sets of centering crank-slider mechanisms, a speed-adjustable motor and a pair of test workpieces vertically suspended on the frame structure through plate beam hooks: the other set consists of a simple harmonic vibration mechanism, an adjustable It consists of a speed motor and a test workpiece that is vertically suspended on the frame structure through a plate beam hook. The test workpiece is equipped with a weight set, and the test workpiece can be loaded by placing the weight on the weight tray. The invention can not only generate simple harmonic vibration displacement and tensile-bending composite strain signal with controllable frequency and amplitude, but also realize synchronous comparison of multi-frequency signal and single-frequency signal.

Description

Ultralow frequency simple harmonic oscillation displacement and stretch bending composite strain comprehensive test device
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultralow frequency sound dynamic test system, specifically a kind of ultralow frequency simple harmonic oscillation displacement and stretch bending are multiple Close strain comprehensive test device.
Background technique
Currently, ultra-low frequency displacement vibration and stretching and the frequency of bending composite strain experimental rig are not single enough, and believe Number collection is more dull.
Ultra-low frequency displacement vibration and stretching and bending composite strain experimental rig use mechanical mechanism to generate component back and forth Movement.Since movement travel and the motion frequency of driving mechanism vibrate letter it is found that therefore can provide known to amplitude and frequency Number, but the generation of this device is multiple-frequency signal, multiple-frequency signal is exactly that signal can be divided into different frequency ranges on frequency domain, often A frequency range has respective centre frequency.Generally it is difficult to find out from time domain, can only be analyzed from frequency domain.
Existing ultra-low frequency displacement vibration and stretching and bending composite strain experimental rig can be to vibrate and strain compbined test And the debugging and calibration of test macro or instrument provide superlow frequency vibrating displacement and strain physical signal, but for signal It is relatively simple to collect route, multiple signals can not be provided and collect and survey comparison, therefore for the accuracy and stabilization of collecting signal Property can not determine.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the defect of existing knowledge, a kind of ultralow frequency simple harmonic oscillation is provided and is stretched and bending Composite strain integration test test platform.The experimental rig can not only occurrence frequency and amplitude-controllable simple harmonic oscillation single-frequency letter Number, can also synchronous contrast analysis multiple-frequency signal and simple signal, also occurrence frequency and controllable sound state strain stress can be strained Signal.And the device is also used as calibrating platform, provides the ultralow of standard for the debugging and calibration of test macro or instrument Frequency simple harmonic oscillation and strain physical signal.By changing the quantity and installation site of acceleration transducer, which can also be real The synchro measure of two axle accelerations of existing simple harmonic oscillation mechanism.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: experimental rig main body is one with certain mass and basic firm steel frame Frame structure, on its two upper beams, a plate-girder hook is fixed at a upper beam both ends respectively, and another upper beam is only one A plate-girder hook is fixed at end, and the line that two plate-girders on different upper beams positioned at the same end are linked up with hangs down mutually with upper beam Directly.Steel framework structure setting arranges Liang Tao mechanism on chassis base on chassis base.A set of is by two groups to heart slide crank Block mechanism and the first adjustable speed motor composition, the output shaft of the first adjustable speed motor is parallel with upper beam, and with two upper beams Be equidistant, under initial position, two groups of centric slider-crank mechanisms about the first adjustable speed motor export axial symmetry. Another set of to be made of second adjustable speed motor of the simple harmonic oscillation mechanism as a parameter, the second adjustable speed motor and first can Speed regulating motor is positioned opposite, and output shaft is equally parallel with upper beam.First adjustable speed motor and the second adjustable speed motor pass through Screw hole on chassis base is fixed.Screw hole on chassis base is uniformly distributed with the interval of 20mm × 20mm, different size of electricity Machine can be fixed on bottom plate by suitable screw hole, therefore can need to select the model of motor according to test, to meet not Same speed adjustable range requirement, while can also be configured different ancillary equipments and meeting different experiment demands.
Wherein simple harmonic oscillation mechanism is by the second adjustable speed motor, crank, linear bearing, short optical axis frame and long optical axis, cunning Block and track, sensor mount and several framves are constituted, structure composition are as follows: the output shaft of the second adjustable speed motor and upper cross Liangping row, and be equidistant with two upper beams, output shaft is connect with crank, crank is connected by bearing and short optical axis frame Connect, short optical axis frame is fixedly connected with long optical axis, and short optical axis frame is supported by the sliding block on track, long optical axis by a bracket and Linear bearing support, long optical axis can be connect with test piece.
Test piece links up with by free suspension either in the form of bolt fastening vertical hanging in steel framework plate-girder In structure.The basic configuration of test piece is certain, and size and material are variable.Test piece is configured with counterweight external member, by weight Weight tray loads test piece in stacking, the every 500N level-one of load, and range is from 0-3000N.Test piece is fixed On the frame structure, while by the long optical axis of test piece and simple harmonic oscillation device front end by connecting rod it is connected with each other, makes to test Workpiece is just perpendicular to the ground, opens speed regulating motor and drives crank rotation, crank drives short optical axis frame to exist by linear bearing Possess and slided on the track of sliding block, the long optical axis being connected with short optical axis frame is support by a linear bearing with short optical axis frame It moves back and forth together, then under connecting rod promotion forced vibration occurs for test piece, to generate the simple harmonic quantity vibration in long optical axis axial direction Dynamic and test piece stretch bending composite strain.
In test, motor can be adjusted to the rated speed of motor from static (0Hz), and motor speed decides vibration frequency Size, can accurately measure motor rotation period by configuring laser sensor, to obtain vibration frequency, realize and generate frequency The purpose of known ultralow frequency simple harmonic oscillation and stretch bending composite strain.If being axially and radially respectively arranged acceleration in long optical axis The synchro measure of two axle acceleration signals then may be implemented in sensor.It in addition to this, can also be by simple harmonic oscillation mechanism and to innermost being The Vibration Condition of handle slide block mechanism compares, the connection and difference of Synchronization Analysis multiple-frequency signal and simple signal.
Beneficial effect
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows by the function of simple harmonic oscillation signal generator and stretch bending composite strain signal generator Combine, other than it can carry out conventional static strain testing, can realize ultralow frequency physical signal by adjusting motor speed Generation, provide debugging and calibrating platform for ultralow frequency structural vibration and strain measurement system, can additionally carry out two axis acceleration The synchro measure of degree, multiple-frequency signal and simple signal synchronous contrast are analyzed, and are surveyed in the teaching test and large scale structure engineering of vibration There is very high applicability in the fields such as examination.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure total figure of experimental rig of the present invention, and the region I indicates slider-crank mechanism, and the region II indicates simple harmonic quantity vibration Motivation structure;
Fig. 2 is the main view of experimental rig of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the left view of experimental rig of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the direction the A-A view of Fig. 2 experimental rig of the present invention, indicates that slider-crank mechanism, A-A are Fig. 2 in midline Hatching line to the left;
Fig. 5 is the direction the B-B view of Fig. 1 experimental rig of the present invention, indicates simple harmonic oscillation mechanism, and B-B is Fig. 1 in midline Hatching line to the right;
In figure, I slider-crank mechanism, II simple harmonic oscillation mechanism, 1 upper beam, reinforcement on 2,3 upper brackets, 4 supporting legs, under 5 Crossbeam, 6 bottom plates, 7 test pieces, 8 plates hook, 9 counterweight hooks, 10 laser sensors, 11 counterweight struts, 12 weight trays, 13 first motor main shafts, 14 electric machine supports, 15 rail brackets, 16 guide rails, 17 second adjustable motors, 18 cranks, 19 long optical axises are straight Spool is held, 20 long optical axises, 21 guide rail slide blocks, 22 sensor mounts, 23 low-frequency acceleration sensors, 24 displacement sensor magnetic Axis, 25 magnetostrictive displacement sensors, 26 linear bearings, 27 short optical axises, 28 short optical axis frames, 29 track bases (contain guide rail), and 30 Clamp device, 31 mandrils, 32 sliding blocks, 33 connecting rods, 34 disks (crank), 35 first adjustable motors, 36 capacitance acceleration sensors.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment is illustrated in conjunction with attached drawing.
Embodiment one: ultralow frequency simple harmonic oscillation displacement and stretch bending composite strain integrated experiment device
As Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 have the firm steel framework structure of certain mass and basis by supporting leg 4, lower beam 5, bottom plate 6, Upper bracket 3, upper reinforcement 2 form.The firm steel framework structure in basis only has one end to fix on one of plate hook 8 at it On crossbeam 1, vertical hanging test piece 7, and counterweight accessory (including counterweight hook 9, counterweight strut 11 are configured in test piece With weight tray 12), the lower end of test piece is connect with long 20 top of optical axis, as Fig. 1 arranges that simple harmonic quantity shakes on chassis base Motivation structure II and the second adjustable motor 17, the output shaft of the second adjustable motor is parallel with upper beam 1, and with two upper beams away from From equal, output shaft is connect with crank 18, as Fig. 5 crank is connected by linear bearing 26 and short optical axis 27 and short optical axis frame 28 It connects, short optical axis frame 28 is fixedly connected with optical axis 20 long in Fig. 1, and short optical axis frame 28 is by leading on rail brackets 15 and guide rail 16 Rail sliding block 21 supports, and long optical axis 20 is supported by a bracket and linear bearing 19, and is connect with test piece 7.Magnetostriction position The displacement sensor magnetic axis 24 of displacement sensor 25 is placed in parallel with long optical axis 20, is pacified by the sensor stand 22 on long optical axis top Magnet ring is filled, closed loop is formed.Low-frequency acceleration sensor 23 and capacitance acceleration sensor 36 and the axial top of long optical axis 20 22 phase of sensor stand be fixedly connected.The placement parallel with the second adjustable motor 17 of laser sensor 10, on crank 18 Reflecting piece is corresponding.Such as Fig. 1, slider-crank mechanism I and the is arranged on the chassis base of the firm steel framework structure in basis One adjustable motor 35, the first adjustable motor 35 is supported by electric machine support 14 and, first electricity positioned opposite with the second adjustable motor 17 Owner's axis 13 is parallel with upper beam 1, and first motor main shaft 13 is connect with disk (crank) 34, and disk (crank) 34 passes through connecting rod 33 It is connected with the sliding block 32 on track base (containing guide rail) 29, sliding block is connect by mandril 31 and clamp device 30 with test piece.
Two: two axle acceleration signal synchronous measuring apparatus of embodiment
If Fig. 1 arranges simple harmonic oscillation mechanism II and the second adjustable motor 17 on chassis base, the second adjustable motor 17 Output shaft is parallel with upper beam 1, and output shaft is connect with crank 18, short if Fig. 5 crank is connect by bearing with short optical axis frame 28 Optical axis frame 28 is fixedly connected with long optical axis 20, and short optical axis frame 28 is supported by the guide rail slide block 21 on guide rail 16, long optical axis 20 By a bracket and linear bearing support 19, and as being connect in Fig. 5 with sensor mount 22.
Concrete function usage is illustrated.
Usage one: ultralow frequency simple harmonic oscillation displacement and stretch bending composite strain integration test
According to embodiment one, first as hung on test piece 7 on crossbeam by plate hook 8 in Fig. 2, and will be under it End is connect with long 20 top of optical axis, and Adjustment Tests workpiece makes it perpendicular to ground, then by low-frequency acceleration sensor in Fig. 5 Capacitance acceleration sensor 36 is fixed on Fig. 5 sensor mount 22 in 23 and Fig. 1, by the magnetostriction position in Fig. 5 Displacement sensor 25 is placed in useful range, harmonizes the laser sensor 10 in Fig. 2, foil gauge is mounted in test piece, and Connect test equipment.After setting relevant parameter in software, starts the second adjustable motor 17 in Fig. 1 and drive 18 turns of crank Dynamic, crank 18 passes through linear bearing 26 in the Fig. 5 being attached thereto and short optical axis frame 28 and long optical axis 20 is driven to move together, in length Simple harmonic oscillation signal is generated on the axis direction of optical axis, while test piece 7 carries out forcing simple harmonic quantity under the promotion of long optical axis 20 Vibration produces stretch bending composite strain signal.If motor speed in 60r/min hereinafter, to can provide 1Hz if experimental rig below Ultra-low frequency displacement simple harmonic oscillation.The amplitude of displacement vibration can then be controlled by adjusting the tie point of crank 18 and connecting rod, be tested Device provides 3 grades of amplitudes, respectively 2cm, 4cm and 6cm altogether.Experimental rig provides for different frequency, various amplitude in this way Simple harmonic oscillation and different size of dynamic complex strain signal.
Two: two axle acceleration signal synchro measure of usage
According to embodiment two, test piece 7 is removed first, two acceleration sensings are configured on sensor mount 22 Device, one is located at long optical axis 20 axially, and one is located at long 20 radial direction of optical axis, opens the second adjustable motor 17, so that it may synchronously tested The long optical axis of simple harmonic oscillation mechanism axially and radially on vibration acceleration signal.
Usage three: ultralow frequency simple harmonic oscillation displacement measurement.
With embodiment one, it is first released from the clamp device of test piece, and places it in side.Then by low frequency acceleration Sensor 23 and capacitance acceleration sensor 36 are fixed on sensor mount 22, by magnetostrictive displacement sensor 25 It is placed in useful range, harmonizes laser sensor 10, and connect test equipment.After setting relevant parameter in software, open Moving the second adjustable motor 17 drives crank 18 to rotate, and crank passes through the linear bearing being attached thereto and drives short optical axis frame 28 and length Optical axis 20 moves together, and simple harmonic oscillation signal is generated on the axis direction of long optical axis.By the biography for being mounted on long optical axis top The sensor installed on sensor mounting rack can measure the simple harmonic oscillation signal.The frequency of simple harmonic oscillation is by changing turning for motor Speed is realized.The amplitude of displacement vibration can then be controlled by adjusting the tie point of crank and connecting rod.Experimental rig just can in this way The simple harmonic oscillation signal of different frequency, various amplitude is provided, just simple harmonic oscillation signal can be acquired by test equipment point Analysis.
Usage four: the test signal of two vibration devices of synchronous contrast
With embodiment one and as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, centric slider-crank mechanism I is arranged on chassis base, then will Test piece 7 is removed, and each sensor is fixed on corresponding position, is connected test equipment, is set corresponding parameter.Together Shi Kaiqi the first adjustable motor 35 and the second adjustable motor 17, and motor speed size is adjusted to unanimously, at this moment it can be obtained by Under identical frequency, the physical signal of simple harmonic oscillation and crank block vibration synchronizes comparison.
Usage five: the calibration of acceleration transducer under ultralow frequency simple harmonic oscillation
With embodiment one, first dismounting test piece, acceleration transducer to be calibrated is then fixed on sensing On device mounting rack 22, while magnetostrictive displacement sensor 25 being placed in useful range, and connect test equipment.In software In set relevant parameter after, start motor.Calculate displacement by the acceleration signal measured, then with the displacement that measures Signal is compared, to realize the calibration to acceleration transducer.

Claims (2)

1.一种超低频简谐振动位移与拉弯复合应变综合测试装置,其特征在于具有一定质量且基础稳固的钢质框架结构,在其两根上横梁上,一根上横梁两端分别固定一个板梁挂钩,另一根上横梁只在一端固定一个板梁挂钩,在不同上横梁上位于同一端的两个板梁挂钩的连线与上横梁互相垂直;框架底板上布置两套机构;一套机构是由两组对心曲柄滑块机构和第一可调速电机组成,第一可调速电机的输出轴与上横梁平行,且与两根上横梁的距离相等,在初始位置状态下,两组对心曲柄滑块机构关于第一可调速电机输出轴对称;另一套机构由简谐振动机构和一台参数与第一可调速电机一样的第二可调速电机组成,第二可调速电机与第一可调速电机相对布置,其输出轴同样与上横梁平行;第一可调速电机和第二可调速电机通过框架底板上的螺孔固定;所述简谐振动机构由第二可调速电机、曲柄、直线轴承、短光轴框架及长光轴、滑块及轨道、磁致伸缩位移传感器、低频加速度传感器、电容加速度传感器、激光传感器、传感器安装架和若干支架构成;第二可调速电机的输出轴与上横梁平行,且与两根上横梁的距离相等,输出轴与曲柄连接,曲柄通过轴承与短光轴框架连接,短光轴框架与长光轴固定连接,短光轴框架由轨道上的滑块支撑,长光轴由一个支架和直线轴承支撑,长光轴可与试验工件连接;磁致伸缩位移传感器与长光轴平行放置,通过长光轴顶端的传感器支架安装磁环,形成闭环回路;低频加速度传感器和电容加速度传感器与长光轴轴向顶端的传感器支架相固定连接;激光传感器与第二可调电机相平行放置,与曲柄上的反光片相对应。1. an ultra-low frequency simple harmonic vibration displacement and tensile-bending composite strain comprehensive testing device, it is characterized in that having a certain quality and a solid steel frame structure, on its two upper beams, an upper beam both ends fix a plate respectively Beam hook, the other upper beam only fixes one plate beam hook at one end, and the connection line of the two plate beam hooks at the same end on different upper beams is perpendicular to the upper beam; two sets of mechanisms are arranged on the frame bottom plate; one set of mechanisms is It consists of two sets of centering crank-slider mechanisms and a first adjustable speed motor. The output shaft of the first adjustable speed motor is parallel to the upper beam, and the distance from the two upper beams is equal. In the initial position, the two pairs of The center crank-slider mechanism is symmetrical about the output axis of the first adjustable speed motor; the other mechanism is composed of a simple harmonic vibration mechanism and a second adjustable speed motor with the same parameters as the first adjustable speed motor. The speed motor is arranged opposite to the first adjustable speed motor, and its output shaft is also parallel to the upper beam; the first adjustable speed motor and the second adjustable speed motor are fixed through the screw holes on the frame bottom plate; the simple harmonic vibration mechanism is composed of The second adjustable speed motor, crank, linear bearing, short optical axis frame and long optical axis, slider and track, magnetostrictive displacement sensor, low frequency acceleration sensor, capacitive acceleration sensor, laser sensor, sensor mounting frame and several brackets ; The output shaft of the second adjustable speed motor is parallel to the upper beam, and the distance from the two upper beams is equal, the output shaft is connected with the crank, the crank is connected with the short optical axis frame through the bearing, and the short optical axis frame is fixedly connected with the long optical axis. , the short optical axis frame is supported by the slider on the track, the long optical axis is supported by a bracket and a linear bearing, the long optical axis can be connected with the test workpiece; the magnetostrictive displacement sensor is placed in parallel with the long optical axis, and the top of the long optical axis passes through the long optical axis. The sensor bracket is installed with a magnetic ring to form a closed loop; the low-frequency acceleration sensor and the capacitive acceleration sensor are fixedly connected to the sensor bracket at the top of the long optical axis; the laser sensor is placed in parallel with the second adjustable motor, and the reflector on the crank Corresponding. 2.如权利要求1所述的超低频简谐振动位移与拉弯复合应变综合测试装置,其特征在于在长光轴径向布置加速度传感器。2 . The ultra-low frequency simple harmonic vibration displacement and tensile-bending composite strain comprehensive testing device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the acceleration sensor is arranged radially on the long optical axis. 3 .
CN201710125088.3A 2017-03-03 2017-03-03 Ultra-low frequency simple harmonic vibration displacement and tensile-bending composite strain comprehensive test device Expired - Fee Related CN106908096B (en)

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CN108318202B (en) * 2018-01-30 2023-12-26 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Anti-vibration hammer wind-excited vibration simulation test platform
CN113091595B (en) * 2021-04-02 2023-03-24 浙江省计量科学研究院 Tool type strain sensor dynamic and static measuring device

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GB706627A (en) * 1951-04-04 1954-03-31 Nat Res Dev Improvements in and relating to fatigue testing machines
GB1200344A (en) * 1967-07-04 1970-07-29 Mini Of Technology Non-destructive testing of specimens of material
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