Ultralow frequency simple harmonic oscillation displacement and stretch bending composite strain comprehensive test device
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultralow frequency sound dynamic test system, specifically a kind of ultralow frequency simple harmonic oscillation displacement and stretch bending are multiple
Close strain comprehensive test device.
Background technique
Currently, ultra-low frequency displacement vibration and stretching and the frequency of bending composite strain experimental rig are not single enough, and believe
Number collection is more dull.
Ultra-low frequency displacement vibration and stretching and bending composite strain experimental rig use mechanical mechanism to generate component back and forth
Movement.Since movement travel and the motion frequency of driving mechanism vibrate letter it is found that therefore can provide known to amplitude and frequency
Number, but the generation of this device is multiple-frequency signal, multiple-frequency signal is exactly that signal can be divided into different frequency ranges on frequency domain, often
A frequency range has respective centre frequency.Generally it is difficult to find out from time domain, can only be analyzed from frequency domain.
Existing ultra-low frequency displacement vibration and stretching and bending composite strain experimental rig can be to vibrate and strain compbined test
And the debugging and calibration of test macro or instrument provide superlow frequency vibrating displacement and strain physical signal, but for signal
It is relatively simple to collect route, multiple signals can not be provided and collect and survey comparison, therefore for the accuracy and stabilization of collecting signal
Property can not determine.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the defect of existing knowledge, a kind of ultralow frequency simple harmonic oscillation is provided and is stretched and bending
Composite strain integration test test platform.The experimental rig can not only occurrence frequency and amplitude-controllable simple harmonic oscillation single-frequency letter
Number, can also synchronous contrast analysis multiple-frequency signal and simple signal, also occurrence frequency and controllable sound state strain stress can be strained
Signal.And the device is also used as calibrating platform, provides the ultralow of standard for the debugging and calibration of test macro or instrument
Frequency simple harmonic oscillation and strain physical signal.By changing the quantity and installation site of acceleration transducer, which can also be real
The synchro measure of two axle accelerations of existing simple harmonic oscillation mechanism.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: experimental rig main body is one with certain mass and basic firm steel frame
Frame structure, on its two upper beams, a plate-girder hook is fixed at a upper beam both ends respectively, and another upper beam is only one
A plate-girder hook is fixed at end, and the line that two plate-girders on different upper beams positioned at the same end are linked up with hangs down mutually with upper beam
Directly.Steel framework structure setting arranges Liang Tao mechanism on chassis base on chassis base.A set of is by two groups to heart slide crank
Block mechanism and the first adjustable speed motor composition, the output shaft of the first adjustable speed motor is parallel with upper beam, and with two upper beams
Be equidistant, under initial position, two groups of centric slider-crank mechanisms about the first adjustable speed motor export axial symmetry.
Another set of to be made of second adjustable speed motor of the simple harmonic oscillation mechanism as a parameter, the second adjustable speed motor and first can
Speed regulating motor is positioned opposite, and output shaft is equally parallel with upper beam.First adjustable speed motor and the second adjustable speed motor pass through
Screw hole on chassis base is fixed.Screw hole on chassis base is uniformly distributed with the interval of 20mm × 20mm, different size of electricity
Machine can be fixed on bottom plate by suitable screw hole, therefore can need to select the model of motor according to test, to meet not
Same speed adjustable range requirement, while can also be configured different ancillary equipments and meeting different experiment demands.
Wherein simple harmonic oscillation mechanism is by the second adjustable speed motor, crank, linear bearing, short optical axis frame and long optical axis, cunning
Block and track, sensor mount and several framves are constituted, structure composition are as follows: the output shaft of the second adjustable speed motor and upper cross
Liangping row, and be equidistant with two upper beams, output shaft is connect with crank, crank is connected by bearing and short optical axis frame
Connect, short optical axis frame is fixedly connected with long optical axis, and short optical axis frame is supported by the sliding block on track, long optical axis by a bracket and
Linear bearing support, long optical axis can be connect with test piece.
Test piece links up with by free suspension either in the form of bolt fastening vertical hanging in steel framework plate-girder
In structure.The basic configuration of test piece is certain, and size and material are variable.Test piece is configured with counterweight external member, by weight
Weight tray loads test piece in stacking, the every 500N level-one of load, and range is from 0-3000N.Test piece is fixed
On the frame structure, while by the long optical axis of test piece and simple harmonic oscillation device front end by connecting rod it is connected with each other, makes to test
Workpiece is just perpendicular to the ground, opens speed regulating motor and drives crank rotation, crank drives short optical axis frame to exist by linear bearing
Possess and slided on the track of sliding block, the long optical axis being connected with short optical axis frame is support by a linear bearing with short optical axis frame
It moves back and forth together, then under connecting rod promotion forced vibration occurs for test piece, to generate the simple harmonic quantity vibration in long optical axis axial direction
Dynamic and test piece stretch bending composite strain.
In test, motor can be adjusted to the rated speed of motor from static (0Hz), and motor speed decides vibration frequency
Size, can accurately measure motor rotation period by configuring laser sensor, to obtain vibration frequency, realize and generate frequency
The purpose of known ultralow frequency simple harmonic oscillation and stretch bending composite strain.If being axially and radially respectively arranged acceleration in long optical axis
The synchro measure of two axle acceleration signals then may be implemented in sensor.It in addition to this, can also be by simple harmonic oscillation mechanism and to innermost being
The Vibration Condition of handle slide block mechanism compares, the connection and difference of Synchronization Analysis multiple-frequency signal and simple signal.
Beneficial effect
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows by the function of simple harmonic oscillation signal generator and stretch bending composite strain signal generator
Combine, other than it can carry out conventional static strain testing, can realize ultralow frequency physical signal by adjusting motor speed
Generation, provide debugging and calibrating platform for ultralow frequency structural vibration and strain measurement system, can additionally carry out two axis acceleration
The synchro measure of degree, multiple-frequency signal and simple signal synchronous contrast are analyzed, and are surveyed in the teaching test and large scale structure engineering of vibration
There is very high applicability in the fields such as examination.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure total figure of experimental rig of the present invention, and the region I indicates slider-crank mechanism, and the region II indicates simple harmonic quantity vibration
Motivation structure;
Fig. 2 is the main view of experimental rig of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the left view of experimental rig of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the direction the A-A view of Fig. 2 experimental rig of the present invention, indicates that slider-crank mechanism, A-A are Fig. 2 in midline
Hatching line to the left;
Fig. 5 is the direction the B-B view of Fig. 1 experimental rig of the present invention, indicates simple harmonic oscillation mechanism, and B-B is Fig. 1 in midline
Hatching line to the right;
In figure, I slider-crank mechanism, II simple harmonic oscillation mechanism, 1 upper beam, reinforcement on 2,3 upper brackets, 4 supporting legs, under 5
Crossbeam, 6 bottom plates, 7 test pieces, 8 plates hook, 9 counterweight hooks, 10 laser sensors, 11 counterweight struts, 12 weight trays,
13 first motor main shafts, 14 electric machine supports, 15 rail brackets, 16 guide rails, 17 second adjustable motors, 18 cranks, 19 long optical axises are straight
Spool is held, 20 long optical axises, 21 guide rail slide blocks, 22 sensor mounts, 23 low-frequency acceleration sensors, 24 displacement sensor magnetic
Axis, 25 magnetostrictive displacement sensors, 26 linear bearings, 27 short optical axises, 28 short optical axis frames, 29 track bases (contain guide rail), and 30
Clamp device, 31 mandrils, 32 sliding blocks, 33 connecting rods, 34 disks (crank), 35 first adjustable motors, 36 capacitance acceleration sensors.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment is illustrated in conjunction with attached drawing.
Embodiment one: ultralow frequency simple harmonic oscillation displacement and stretch bending composite strain integrated experiment device
As Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 have the firm steel framework structure of certain mass and basis by supporting leg 4, lower beam 5, bottom plate 6,
Upper bracket 3, upper reinforcement 2 form.The firm steel framework structure in basis only has one end to fix on one of plate hook 8 at it
On crossbeam 1, vertical hanging test piece 7, and counterweight accessory (including counterweight hook 9, counterweight strut 11 are configured in test piece
With weight tray 12), the lower end of test piece is connect with long 20 top of optical axis, as Fig. 1 arranges that simple harmonic quantity shakes on chassis base
Motivation structure II and the second adjustable motor 17, the output shaft of the second adjustable motor is parallel with upper beam 1, and with two upper beams away from
From equal, output shaft is connect with crank 18, as Fig. 5 crank is connected by linear bearing 26 and short optical axis 27 and short optical axis frame 28
It connects, short optical axis frame 28 is fixedly connected with optical axis 20 long in Fig. 1, and short optical axis frame 28 is by leading on rail brackets 15 and guide rail 16
Rail sliding block 21 supports, and long optical axis 20 is supported by a bracket and linear bearing 19, and is connect with test piece 7.Magnetostriction position
The displacement sensor magnetic axis 24 of displacement sensor 25 is placed in parallel with long optical axis 20, is pacified by the sensor stand 22 on long optical axis top
Magnet ring is filled, closed loop is formed.Low-frequency acceleration sensor 23 and capacitance acceleration sensor 36 and the axial top of long optical axis 20
22 phase of sensor stand be fixedly connected.The placement parallel with the second adjustable motor 17 of laser sensor 10, on crank 18
Reflecting piece is corresponding.Such as Fig. 1, slider-crank mechanism I and the is arranged on the chassis base of the firm steel framework structure in basis
One adjustable motor 35, the first adjustable motor 35 is supported by electric machine support 14 and, first electricity positioned opposite with the second adjustable motor 17
Owner's axis 13 is parallel with upper beam 1, and first motor main shaft 13 is connect with disk (crank) 34, and disk (crank) 34 passes through connecting rod 33
It is connected with the sliding block 32 on track base (containing guide rail) 29, sliding block is connect by mandril 31 and clamp device 30 with test piece.
Two: two axle acceleration signal synchronous measuring apparatus of embodiment
If Fig. 1 arranges simple harmonic oscillation mechanism II and the second adjustable motor 17 on chassis base, the second adjustable motor 17
Output shaft is parallel with upper beam 1, and output shaft is connect with crank 18, short if Fig. 5 crank is connect by bearing with short optical axis frame 28
Optical axis frame 28 is fixedly connected with long optical axis 20, and short optical axis frame 28 is supported by the guide rail slide block 21 on guide rail 16, long optical axis 20
By a bracket and linear bearing support 19, and as being connect in Fig. 5 with sensor mount 22.
Concrete function usage is illustrated.
Usage one: ultralow frequency simple harmonic oscillation displacement and stretch bending composite strain integration test
According to embodiment one, first as hung on test piece 7 on crossbeam by plate hook 8 in Fig. 2, and will be under it
End is connect with long 20 top of optical axis, and Adjustment Tests workpiece makes it perpendicular to ground, then by low-frequency acceleration sensor in Fig. 5
Capacitance acceleration sensor 36 is fixed on Fig. 5 sensor mount 22 in 23 and Fig. 1, by the magnetostriction position in Fig. 5
Displacement sensor 25 is placed in useful range, harmonizes the laser sensor 10 in Fig. 2, foil gauge is mounted in test piece, and
Connect test equipment.After setting relevant parameter in software, starts the second adjustable motor 17 in Fig. 1 and drive 18 turns of crank
Dynamic, crank 18 passes through linear bearing 26 in the Fig. 5 being attached thereto and short optical axis frame 28 and long optical axis 20 is driven to move together, in length
Simple harmonic oscillation signal is generated on the axis direction of optical axis, while test piece 7 carries out forcing simple harmonic quantity under the promotion of long optical axis 20
Vibration produces stretch bending composite strain signal.If motor speed in 60r/min hereinafter, to can provide 1Hz if experimental rig below
Ultra-low frequency displacement simple harmonic oscillation.The amplitude of displacement vibration can then be controlled by adjusting the tie point of crank 18 and connecting rod, be tested
Device provides 3 grades of amplitudes, respectively 2cm, 4cm and 6cm altogether.Experimental rig provides for different frequency, various amplitude in this way
Simple harmonic oscillation and different size of dynamic complex strain signal.
Two: two axle acceleration signal synchro measure of usage
According to embodiment two, test piece 7 is removed first, two acceleration sensings are configured on sensor mount 22
Device, one is located at long optical axis 20 axially, and one is located at long 20 radial direction of optical axis, opens the second adjustable motor 17, so that it may synchronously tested
The long optical axis of simple harmonic oscillation mechanism axially and radially on vibration acceleration signal.
Usage three: ultralow frequency simple harmonic oscillation displacement measurement.
With embodiment one, it is first released from the clamp device of test piece, and places it in side.Then by low frequency acceleration
Sensor 23 and capacitance acceleration sensor 36 are fixed on sensor mount 22, by magnetostrictive displacement sensor 25
It is placed in useful range, harmonizes laser sensor 10, and connect test equipment.After setting relevant parameter in software, open
Moving the second adjustable motor 17 drives crank 18 to rotate, and crank passes through the linear bearing being attached thereto and drives short optical axis frame 28 and length
Optical axis 20 moves together, and simple harmonic oscillation signal is generated on the axis direction of long optical axis.By the biography for being mounted on long optical axis top
The sensor installed on sensor mounting rack can measure the simple harmonic oscillation signal.The frequency of simple harmonic oscillation is by changing turning for motor
Speed is realized.The amplitude of displacement vibration can then be controlled by adjusting the tie point of crank and connecting rod.Experimental rig just can in this way
The simple harmonic oscillation signal of different frequency, various amplitude is provided, just simple harmonic oscillation signal can be acquired by test equipment point
Analysis.
Usage four: the test signal of two vibration devices of synchronous contrast
With embodiment one and as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, centric slider-crank mechanism I is arranged on chassis base, then will
Test piece 7 is removed, and each sensor is fixed on corresponding position, is connected test equipment, is set corresponding parameter.Together
Shi Kaiqi the first adjustable motor 35 and the second adjustable motor 17, and motor speed size is adjusted to unanimously, at this moment it can be obtained by
Under identical frequency, the physical signal of simple harmonic oscillation and crank block vibration synchronizes comparison.
Usage five: the calibration of acceleration transducer under ultralow frequency simple harmonic oscillation
With embodiment one, first dismounting test piece, acceleration transducer to be calibrated is then fixed on sensing
On device mounting rack 22, while magnetostrictive displacement sensor 25 being placed in useful range, and connect test equipment.In software
In set relevant parameter after, start motor.Calculate displacement by the acceleration signal measured, then with the displacement that measures
Signal is compared, to realize the calibration to acceleration transducer.