CN106914587A - A kind of processing technology of precision-investment casting housing - Google Patents
A kind of processing technology of precision-investment casting housing Download PDFInfo
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- CN106914587A CN106914587A CN201710015837.7A CN201710015837A CN106914587A CN 106914587 A CN106914587 A CN 106914587A CN 201710015837 A CN201710015837 A CN 201710015837A CN 106914587 A CN106914587 A CN 106914587A
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- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005237 degreasing agent Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical class [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013527 degreasing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005573 silicon-containing polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000044283 Toxicodendron succedaneum Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004525 petroleum distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PRPAGESBURMWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[F] Chemical compound [C].[F] PRPAGESBURMWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001924 cycloalkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- PGZIKUPSQINGKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical group [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O PGZIKUPSQINGKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XRRONFCBYFZWTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XRRONFCBYFZWTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
- B22C9/043—Removing the consumable pattern
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D31/00—Cutting-off surplus material, e.g. gates; Cleaning and working on castings
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of processing technology of precision-investment casting housing, its drip irrigation device is to include following preparation technology, penetrates the shaping smelting and pouring shake shell ball blast cutting surfaces treatment of wax group tree shell dewaxing and sintering.The shell produced by above-mentioned processing technology has intensity higher, the high yield rate of the casting for finally casting out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to precision casting technology field, more particularly to a kind of processing technology of precision-investment casting housing.
Background technology
Precision-investment casting typically coats several layers of refractory material also known as " lost-wax casting " in wax pattern surface, treats that it is hardened
After drying, molten the going of wax-pattern therein is made shell, then by roasting, is then poured into a mould, and obtain one kind side of casting
Method, because the casting for obtaining has dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness higher, therefore can use fusible pattern also known as " precision-investment casting "
The alloy species of casting production have carbon steel, steel alloy, heat-resisting alloy, stainless steel, Precise Alloy, permanent-magnet alloy, bearing to close
Gold, copper alloy, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy and spheroidal graphite cast-iron etc..
The shape of investment-casting is general all more complicated, on casting the castable minimum diameter for portalling up to 0.5mm, casting
Minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) is 0.3mm, aborning can be by some original parts by several part combinations, by the knot for changing part
Structure, is designed to one-piece parts and is directly cast out by model casting, to save the consumption of machining period and metal material, makes part
Structure is more reasonable.
Full form casting process process is more complicated, and whard to control, and the material for using and consuming is more expensive, therefore it is applied to production
Complex-shaped, required precision is high or is difficult to carry out the miniature parts of other processing, such as blade of turbogenerator.
The Chinese patent of Publication No. 102019353A discloses a kind of precision casting molding method of complex thin-walled member, bag
Include following steps：1) Wax mold manufacture；2) wax-pattern is suppressed；3) Design of Runner System and making；4) group type：Will using liquid wax
The 2) wax-pattern of step compacting and sprue cup, cross cross gate, the sprue of the 3) step compacting) and ingate bonded, shape
It is integral；5) hanging sand；6) formwork roasting：The roasting mold shell in chamber type electric resistance furnace, takes out formwork cleaning inner chamber residual after the completion of roasting
Stay thing；7) melting and cast；8) casting cleaning；9) complex thin-walled member finished product is obtained after being heat-treated.The method is using directly casting
Mode, the nuclear reactor base close to required physical dimension is obtained, by need to be only machined on a small quantity after this method
Base manufacture is completed, its manufacturing cost is significantly reduced.
Formwork roasting is directly carried out in chamber type electric resistance furnace after hanging sand in above-mentioned procedure of processing, during roasting
Wax material stream is made and connects Europe stock intensity shell high, but roasting direct often has the low intensity of the shell produced, cast
There is the phenomenon of runout in Shi Rongyi, so as to the phenomenon for causing casting to scrap, causes damage.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of processing of precision-investment casting housing
Technique, the investment shell intensity stabilization gone out by the technique productions, precision is higher.
Above-mentioned technical purpose of the invention technical scheme is that：A kind of precision-investment casting housing
Processing technology, it is characterized in that：Following preparation technology is included,
Step 1 penetrates wax：Penetrate wax machine and wax material injection moulding box is formed into cast model, penetrate wax and terminate the demoulding, cast model is placed in water
Middle cooling；
Step 2 group tree：Cast model and gate stick are melted into bonding with electric iron piece；
Step 3 shell processed：
A, cast model are prewetted in being put into silicon melten gel,
B, cast model surface coating surface layer slurry, are stained with surface layer sand, surface layer and dry；
C, dried cast model are prewetted in being put into silicon melten gel,
D, dried cast model coating backing layer slurry, emery dust infiltration surface is dried；
E, repetition b are operated 3~4 times, are made shell；
Step 4 dewaxes：Shell steam heating at 170 DEG C, deviates from wax material；
Step 5 sinter molding：The shell after dewaxing in step 4 sinters 1h in the sintering furnace at 1000-1100 DEG C；
Step 6 smelting and pouring：By remelting stainless steel finished product ingot casting, pouring into molten steel after fusing carries out casting pouring in casting ladle, pour
Formwork is preheated in case cast before note；
Step 7 shakes shell：The cast model on spray surface is removed using shake shell machine；
Step 8 ball blast：Flat surface；
Step 9 is cut：Blank is cut from gate stick；
Step 10 is surface-treated.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, in step 1, cast model will can be formed in wax material injection moulding box by penetrating wax machine,
Cast model is the model for forming the medium-sized chamber of fire resisting shell, with high dimensional accuracy and high surface finish；Through being stained with slurry,
Being stained with after sand can form the fire resisting shell of higher-strength；After fully being dried to cast model and surface shell, module is placed on silicon
Soaked in glue liquation, then carrying out the operation of next step, the purpose prewetted is the quality for increasing silicon melten gel on surface layer, from
And the elevated temperature strength of surface layer is increased, many casting surface defect in preventing from being produced because of surface layer defect；Wax-pattern is taken out from shell
To form casting mold cavity.Must be dewaxed, and the wax deviate from can also be recycled, while dewaxed using steam, energy
The effect that the precision for enough avoiding case swells from causing is reduced；Sinter molding can remove moisture in housing, residual wax and other are miscellaneous
Matter, and enable to the intensity of shell to increase by roasting, die cavity is more clean；To improve the mold-filling capacity of alloy, prevent
Misrun and cold shut defect, will at high temperature be poured into a mould after shell takes out from roaster, and now metal is cold in shell
But it is relatively slow, casting mold can be filled in the case where mobility is higher, therefore casting can well replicate the shape of die cavity, improve casting
Precision；And casting can just go out the shell on surface after being formed by shaking shell machine, casting can be just manifested after removing shell
The shape of part, then carries out surfacing to casting, spray is cut from gate stick and is surface-treated.
The present invention is further arranged to：Wax material includes the component of following parts by weight in step 1：10~40 parts of silicon melts
Glue, 30~45 parts of paraffin, 5~10 parts of dimethyl silicone polymer, 5~10 parts of microwax, 15~20 parts of stearic acid, 5~
10 parts of hard ester lead salts of dimethyl and 5~10 parts of Sodium stearates.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, silicon melten gel is dispersion liquid of the nano level silica dioxide granule in water or in flux,
For shell hot investment casting, can make that shell mould intensity is big, cast highly polished, roughness is small, and dimensional accuracy is high；Paraffin is from oil
In the solid crystal product that extract, it by various hydrocarbons, mainly normal alkane composition, also containing isoparaffin,
Cycloalkane and a small amount of aromatic hydrocarbon, paraffin chemical property are relatively stablized, and are difficult to be worked with bases, inorganic acids and halogen,
Paraffin heat melts；Dimethyl silicone polymer has heat resistance, and cold resistance, viscosity with temperature changes small, water proofing property, surface tension
It is small, with physiological inertia, good chemical stability, but also with smoothness, can be reduced when the demoulding moulding box with
The caking property of cast model, improves the precision of cast model；Microwax all extract as paraffin from oil,
Its difference is paraffin cut from petroleum distillation out, and microwax is separated from the residual oil left after petroleum distillation
Out, the hardness of microwax is small, and pliability very well, is easily deformed after stress, not easily broken；Stearic acid is lived mainly as surface
The basic material of property agent and be used widely, wax-pattern is made in hot investment casting, on the one hand can increase hardness, on the other hand can
Increase lubrication, the effect of its demoulding, and the hardness of paraffin can be increased, the hard ester lead salt stearic acid sodium of dimethyl has excellent
Lubricity, good processability, with the hard ester lead salt of dimethyl and stearic acid and in boardy product, gelation speed can be improved.
The present invention is further arranged to：The temperature of the wax material in step 1 is 70~100 DEG C.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, the temperature setting of wax material is 70~100 DEG C, and wax material can be kept to be in the shape of melting
State, is prevented effectively from that temperature is too low to be condensed.
The present invention is further arranged to：Surface layer slurry in step 3 includes the component of following parts by weight, and 1~2 part takes off
Fat agent, 10~40 parts of silicon melten gels, 10~40 parts of zircon sand, 10~20 parts of waterglass, 10~15 parts of silester, 1~2 part is white
Carbon black.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, the addition of degreasing agent can fall hydrolysis of ester group so that grease is easy to depart from metal watch
Face；Silicon melten gel is dispersion liquid of the nano level silica dioxide granule in water or in flux, for shell hot investment casting, can make shell
Type intensity is big, cast highly polished, and roughness is small, and dimensional accuracy is high, and zircon sand is that a kind of silicate (ZrSiO4) with zirconium is
The mineral of main composition, pole high temperature resistant, its fusing point has stronger change up to 2750, and acid corrosion-resistant compared with other common refractories
Stability is learned, with relatively low thermal expansivity, thermal conductivity higher, then is not susceptible to be split up when dewaxing；Waterglass glues
Knot power is strong, intensity is higher, acid resistance, heat-resist, adds the intensity that can strengthen surface layer slurry in surface layer slurry；Silester
Addition enable to the surface strength of shell to increase, then in casting, the slight height of shell is not susceptible to deformation, and this can also
Enough ensure the precision of cast product, and the production cycle of shell processed can be reduced with the compound action of Ludox；White carbon plus
Enter the intensity increase it is also possible that surface layer slurry, investment shell intensity is high, and the casting accuracy of production is high.
The present invention is further arranged to：Surface layer sand and emery dust in step 3 select Mo Laisha.
It is aluminate-silicate refractory by above-mentioned technical proposal, is typically employed in precision stainless steel casting technique, it is resistance to
1750 degree or so of fiery degree, the casting of cast, easily shelling, it is indeformable, be difficult that reduced scale, finish is good, high yield rate.
The present invention is further arranged to：Backing layer slurry in step 3 includes the component of following parts by weight, 10~40 parts
Silicon melten gel, 10~20 parts of mullite powder, 1~2 part of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, silicon melten gel is dispersion liquid of the nano level silica dioxide granule in water or in flux,
For shell hot investment casting, can make that shell mould intensity is big, cast highly polished, roughness is small, and dimensional accuracy is high；Mullite powder is by not
Come stone raw material by high-temperature roasting, broken, screening, Lei Meng, be made except process for machining such as iron with aluminium it is high, iron content is low, hard
Excellent mullite series sand, the powder such as high, thermal coefficient of expansion is small, refractoriness is high, thermochemical property is stable are spent, is mainly used in melt film
The Modeling Material of casting, the V methods moulding of gypsum filler and suction pouring, and large, medium and small type cast steel, copper casting, the fire proofed wood of furnace lining
Material, is additionally operable to manufacture waterglass, refractory product, concrete material etc.；Polytetrafluoroethylene fibre in its molecular structure, fluorine atom
Volume is big compared with hydrogen atom, and the adhesion of fluorine carbon key is also strong, has played the whole carbon-carbon skeletal chain of protection, makes fibrillated polytetrafluoroethylene
Dimension chemical stability is fabulous, and corrosion resistance is better than other synthetic fibers kinds；Fiber surface has wax sense, and coefficient of friction is small；It is actual
120~180 DEG C of temperature in use；Also there is preferable against weather and flex stiffiness；The structure that shell can also be strengthened simultaneously is strong
Degree；It is also possible that the intensity of surface layer slurry increases, investment shell intensity is high, and the casting accuracy of production is high for the addition of white carbon.
The present invention is further arranged to：The time that a steps are prewetted in step 3 is 2~5s..
By above-mentioned technical proposal, prewet 2~5s can sufficiently so that the fault location on shell surface is also coated with silicon melten gel,
So that shell surface is smooth.
The present invention is further arranged to：Cast model and slurry face are in 40 when surface layer slurry and backing layer slurry are coated in step 3
~45 degree, and blow away blibbing with air gun.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, the presence of angle enable to groove on shell, turning, character code, pattern, through hole,
Blind hole can apply slurry, and the bubble on surface is then blown away with air gun, while ceaselessly rotating module, drip unnecessary slurry
Remove, form complete uniform coating.
The present invention is further arranged to：Steam moulding pressure is 0.4~0.7Mpa in step 4.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, steam-heated pressure is set within the range, enables to be pressed in dewaxing process
Power can compress shell, prevent the wax material in shell from coming off the opening of the shell that causes.
The present invention is further arranged to：Shell is preheated to 600~700 DEG C in step 6.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, first shell is preheated, shell keeps sufficiently high temperature, be prevented from it and occur adding
It is split up when entering molten steel.
In sum, having the beneficial effect that in contrast to prior art of the invention：
1st, penetrating the cast model produced in wax step has preferably slightly, and is easy to from the demoulding on type film, generation
Cast model high precision；
2nd, the shell structural strength produced in shell step processed is high, and thickness is enough, shell surfacing, smooth, high precision；
3rd, the material economy for using, the casting yield being processed into is high.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
A kind of processing technology of precision-investment casting housing
Embodiment 1
Step 1 penetrates wax：Penetrate wax machine and 70 DEG C of wax material injection moulding box is formed into cast model, penetrate wax and terminate the demoulding, by cast model
It is placed in water cooling；Wherein wax material includes the component of following weight fraction, 10 parts of silicon melten gel, 30 parts of paraffin, poly- the two of 5 parts
Methylsiloxane, 5 parts of microwax, 15 parts of stearic acid, 5 parts of hard ester lead salts of dimethyl and 5 parts of Sodium stearates；
Step 2 group tree：Cast model and gate stick are melted into bonding with electric iron piece；
Step 3 shell processed：
A, cast model are prewetted in being put into silicon melten gel,
B, cast model surface coating surface layer slurry, are stained with surface layer sand and do not come sand, surface layer drying, and wherein surface layer slurry includes as follows
The component of weight fraction, 1 part of degreasing agent, 10 parts of silicon melten gels, 10 parts of zircon sand, 10 parts of waterglass, 10 parts of silester, 1 part
White carbon；
C, dried cast model are prewetted in being put into silicon melten gel；
D, dried cast model coating backing layer slurry, do not come sand emery dust infiltration surface, dry, and wherein backing layer slurry is included such as
The component of lower weight fraction, 10 parts of silicon melten gel, 10 parts of mullite powder, 1 part of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre；
E, repetition b are operated 4 times, are made shell；
Step 4 dewaxes：At 170 DEG C, wax material is deviate from steam heating under 0.4Mpa pressure to shell；
Step 5 sinter molding：The shell after dewaxing in step 4 sinters 1h in the sintering furnace at 1000 DEG C；
Step 6 smelting and pouring：By remelting stainless steel finished product ingot casting, pouring into molten steel after fusing carries out casting pouring in casting ladle, pour
Formwork is preheated to 600 DEG C in case cast before note；
Step 7 shakes shell：The cast model on spray surface is removed using shake shell machine；
Step 8 ball blast：Flat surface；
Step 9 is cut：Blank is cut from gate stick；
Step 10 is surface-treated.
Embodiment 2
Step 1 penetrates wax：Penetrate wax machine and 80 DEG C of wax material injection moulding box is formed into cast model, penetrate wax and terminate the demoulding, by cast model
It is placed in water cooling；Wherein wax material includes the component of following weight fraction, 20 parts of silicon melten gel, 33 parts of paraffin, poly- the two of 6 parts
Methylsiloxane, 6 parts of microwax, 16 parts of stearic acid, 6 parts of hard ester lead salts of dimethyl and 7 parts of Sodium stearates；
Step 2 group tree：Cast model and gate stick are melted into bonding with electric iron piece；
Step 3 shell processed：
A, cast model are prewetted in being put into silicon melten gel,
B, cast model surface coating surface layer slurry, are stained with surface layer sand and do not come sand, surface layer drying, and wherein surface layer slurry includes as follows
The component of weight fraction, 2 parts of degreasing agents, 20 parts of silicon melten gels, 20 parts of zircon sand, 12 parts of waterglass, 11 parts of silester, 2 parts
White carbon；
C, dried cast model are prewetted in being put into silicon melten gel；
D, dried cast model coating backing layer slurry, do not come sand emery dust infiltration surface, dry, and wherein backing layer slurry is included such as
The component of lower weight fraction, 20 parts of silicon melten gel, 12 parts of mullite powder, 2 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene fibres；
E, repetition b are operated 4 times, are made shell；
Step 4 dewaxes：At 170 DEG C, wax material is deviate from steam heating under 0.5Mpa pressure to shell；
Step 5 sinter molding：The shell after dewaxing in step 4 sinters 1h in the sintering furnace at 1020 DEG C；
Step 6 smelting and pouring：By remelting stainless steel finished product ingot casting, pouring into molten steel after fusing carries out casting pouring in casting ladle, pour
Formwork is preheated to 620 DEG C in case cast before note；
Step 7 shakes shell：The cast model on spray surface is removed using shake shell machine；
Step 8 ball blast：Flat surface；
Step 9 is cut：Blank is cut from gate stick；
Step 10 is surface-treated.
Embodiment 3
Step 1 penetrates wax：Penetrate wax machine and 80 DEG C of wax material injection moulding box is formed into cast model, penetrate wax and terminate the demoulding, by cast model
It is placed in water cooling；Wherein wax material includes the component of following weight fraction, 25 parts of silicon melten gel, 37 parts of paraffin, 7.5 parts poly-
Dimethyl siloxane, 7.5 parts of microwax, 17.5 parts of stearic acid, 7.5 parts of hard ester lead salts of dimethyl and 9 parts of Sodium stearates；
Step 2 group tree：Cast model and gate stick are melted into bonding with electric iron piece；
Step 3 shell processed：
A, cast model are prewetted in being put into silicon melten gel,
B, cast model surface coating surface layer slurry, are stained with surface layer sand and do not come sand, surface layer drying, and wherein surface layer slurry includes as follows
The component of weight fraction, 1 part of degreasing agent, 25 parts of silicon melten gels, 25 parts of zircon sand, 15 parts of waterglass, 13 parts of silester, 1 part
White carbon；
C, dried cast model are prewetted in being put into silicon melten gel；
D, dried cast model coating backing layer slurry, do not come sand emery dust infiltration surface, dry, and wherein backing layer slurry is included such as
The component of lower weight fraction, 25 parts of silicon melten gel, 15 parts of mullite powder, 1 part of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre；
E, repetition b are operated 4 times, are made shell；
Step 4 dewaxes：At 170 DEG C, wax material is deviate from steam heating under 0.6Mpa pressure to shell；
Step 5 sinter molding：The shell after dewaxing in step 4 sinters 1h in the sintering furnace at 1060 DEG C；
Step 6 smelting and pouring：By remelting stainless steel finished product ingot casting, pouring into molten steel after fusing carries out casting pouring in casting ladle, pour
Formwork is preheated to 650 DEG C in case cast before note；
Step 7 shakes shell：The cast model on spray surface is removed using shake shell machine；
Step 8 ball blast：Flat surface；
Step 9 is cut：Blank is cut from gate stick；
Step 10 is surface-treated.
Embodiment 4
Step 1 penetrates wax：Penetrate wax machine and 95 DEG C of wax material injection moulding box is formed into cast model, penetrate wax and terminate the demoulding, by cast model
It is placed in water cooling；Wherein wax material includes the component of following weight fraction, 30 parts of silicon melten gel, 40 parts of paraffin, poly- the two of 9 parts
Methylsiloxane, 9 parts of microwax, 19 parts of stearic acid, 9 parts of hard ester lead salts of dimethyl and 10 parts of Sodium stearates；
Step 2 group tree：Cast model and gate stick are melted into bonding with electric iron piece；
Step 3 shell processed：
A, cast model are prewetted in being put into silicon melten gel,
B, cast model surface coating surface layer slurry, are stained with surface layer sand and do not come sand, surface layer drying, and wherein surface layer slurry includes as follows
The component of weight fraction, 2 parts of degreasing agents, 30 parts of silicon melten gels, 30 parts of zircon sand, 18 parts of waterglass, 14 parts of silester, 2 parts
White carbon；
C, dried cast model are prewetted in being put into silicon melten gel；
D, dried cast model coating backing layer slurry, do not come sand emery dust infiltration surface, dry, and wherein backing layer slurry is included such as
The component of lower weight fraction, 30 parts of silicon melten gel, 18 parts of mullite powder, 2 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene fibres；
E, repetition b are operated 4 times, are made shell；
Step 4 dewaxes：At 170 DEG C, wax material is deviate from steam heating under 0.4Mpa pressure to shell；
Step 5 sinter molding：The shell after dewaxing in step 4 sinters 1h in the sintering furnace at 1080 DEG C；
Step 6 smelting and pouring：By remelting stainless steel finished product ingot casting, pouring into molten steel after fusing carries out casting pouring in casting ladle, pour
Formwork is preheated to 670 DEG C in case cast before note；
Step 7 shakes shell：The cast model on spray surface is removed using shake shell machine；
Step 8 ball blast：Flat surface；
Step 9 is cut：Blank is cut from gate stick；
Step 10 is surface-treated.
Embodiment 5
Step 1 penetrates wax：Penetrate wax machine and 100 DEG C of wax material injection moulding box is formed into cast model, penetrate wax and terminate the demoulding, by cast model
It is placed in water cooling；Wherein wax material includes the component of following weight fraction, 40 parts of silicon melten gel, 45 parts of paraffin, 10 parts poly-
Dimethyl siloxane, 10 parts of microwax, 20 parts of stearic acid, 10 parts of hard ester lead salts of dimethyl and 11 parts of Sodium stearates；
Step 2 group tree：Cast model and gate stick are melted into bonding with electric iron piece；
Step 3 shell processed：
A, cast model are prewetted in being put into silicon melten gel,
B, cast model surface coating surface layer slurry, are stained with surface layer sand and do not come sand, surface layer drying, and wherein surface layer slurry includes as follows
The component of weight fraction, 1 part of degreasing agent, 40 parts of silicon melten gels, 40 parts of zircon sand, 20 parts of waterglass, 15 parts of silester, 1 part
White carbon；
C, dried cast model are prewetted in being put into silicon melten gel；
D, dried cast model coating backing layer slurry, do not come sand emery dust infiltration surface, dry, and wherein backing layer slurry is included such as
The component of lower weight fraction, 40 parts of silicon melten gel, 20 parts of mullite powder, 1 part of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre；
E, repetition b are operated 4 times, are made shell；
Step 4 dewaxes：At 170 DEG C, wax material is deviate from steam heating under 0.7Mpa pressure to shell；
Step 5 sinter molding：The shell after dewaxing in step 4 sinters 1h in the sintering furnace at 1100 DEG C；
Step 6 smelting and pouring：By remelting stainless steel finished product ingot casting, pouring into molten steel after fusing carries out casting pouring in casting ladle, pour
Formwork is preheated to 700 DEG C in case cast before note；
Step 7 shakes shell：The cast model on spray surface is removed using shake shell machine；
Step 8 ball blast：Flat surface；
Step 9 is cut：Blank is cut from gate stick；
Step 10 is surface-treated.
Experiment detection
Cast model test stone and method
Outward appearance detects that range estimation can not have overlap, burr, it is impossible to fleshiness misrun, it is impossible to have crackle, writing on the wax tree after group tree
Clearly, it is impossible to have disconnected word, wax can not considers to be worth doing on wax tree, it is impossible to have bubble, flow liner depth is no more than 0.1mm, internal pockmark diameter
No more than 0.5mm, the outside pockmark of interior diameter every square centimeter more than 0.3 is not more than at 1；
Size form and position tolerance；Detected with reference to GB/T6414-1999.
Shell test stone processed and method
Shell intensity processed：Field statistics：Dewaxing Crack Repairing is intact, artillery fire, and leakage shell phenomenon is no more than 2%；
Shell interlaminar strength processed：Interior leakage phenomenon is no more than 3%.
The laboratory test results of the embodiment 1-5 of table 1
| Test event | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 |
| Outward appearance is detected | It is qualified | It is qualified | It is qualified | It is qualified | It is qualified |
| Size form and position tolerance | It is qualified | It is qualified | It is qualified | It is qualified | It is qualified |
| Shell intensity processed | It is excellent | It is excellent | It is excellent | It is excellent | It is excellent |
| Shell interlaminar strength processed | It is excellent | It is excellent | It is excellent | It is excellent | It is excellent |
By the experimental result in analytical table, it is found that the experimental result of embodiment 1-5 meets the condition of prescribed by standard, so
The casting produced by the production technology has yield rate higher.The wherein ginseng of selection embodiment 3 1-5 as a comparison case
According to.
Comparative example 1
The difference of comparative example 1 and embodiment 3 is not contain waterglass in the surface layer slurry in step 3, other with embodiment 3
It is consistent.
Comparative example 2
The difference of comparative example 2 and embodiment 3 is not contain silester in the surface layer slurry in step 3, other with implementation
Example 3 is consistent.
Comparative example 3
White carbon is not contained in comparative example 3 and the wax material that the difference of embodiment 3 is in step 1, other keep with embodiment 3
Unanimously.
Comparative example 4
The difference of comparative example 4 and embodiment 3 is in the wax material in step 1 while not containing waterglass and silester, other
It is consistent with embodiment 3.
Comparative example 5
The difference of comparative example 5 and embodiment 3 is while not containing waterglass, silester and hard charcoal in the wax material in step 1
Black, other are consistent with embodiment 3.
According to the detection method of embodiment 1~5, comparative example 1-5 is detected.
The laboratory test results of the comparative example 1-5 of table 2
| Test event | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 | Comparative example 5 | Embodiment 3 |
| Outward appearance is detected | It is coarse | It is coarse | It is coarse | It is coarse | It is coarse | It is qualified |
| Size form and position tolerance | It is qualified | It is qualified | It is qualified | It is small | Greatly | It is qualified |
| Shell intensity processed | It is qualified | It is poor | It is poor | It is poor | Difference | It is excellent |
| Shell interlaminar strength processed | It is qualified | It is poor | It is poor | It is poor | Difference | It is excellent |
The experimental result of comparative example 3 and comparative example 1, find when do not contained in the component of surface layer slurry waterglass and other
When part does not change, the intensity aspect behavior of material finds the reduction of obvious intensity, but become in terms of the outward appearance of material
Relatively rough, then outward appearance when illustrating not containing in the material waterglass to material can produce certain influence；Contrast comparative example 2
With embodiment 3, find when silester is not contained in the component of surface layer slurry and other conditions do not change, material it is strong
Degree there occurs change, then illustrate that silester can produce certain influence to the intensity of material；Contrast comparative example 3 and embodiment 3,
It was found that when white carbon is not contained in the component of surface layer slurry and other conditions do not change, the structural strength of material there occurs
Change, then illustrate that the structural strength of white carbon degree type shell can also produce certain influence；Comparative example 4 and embodiment 3 are contrasted again,
Waterglass and silester are not contained simultaneously in component, when other are consistent with embodiment 3, the structural strength of material, outward
See, the tolerance of material has larger difference, when the interphase interaction of waterglass and silester is illustrated, enable to material
The precision of material, intensity and appearance property are highly improved, so applicant being capable of reasonable expectation, waterglass and silester
It is intermolecular there is cross-linking reaction can be so that the structural strength of material be lifted；Comparative example 5 and embodiment 3 are finally contrasted, in group
Waterglass, silester and white carbon are not contained in point, when other are consistent with embodiment 3, the properties of material are equal
There is obvious change, the Performance comparision of material is poor, and when waterglass and silester are not contained in component material deviation
It is also smaller, and when waterglass and silester and white carbon are not contained in component, the deviation of material will then be illustrated than larger
The intensity of further reinforcing material is capable of in the presence of white carbon, and high precision, applicant can reasonably deduce, in component
When waterglass and silester are crosslinked, the generation of the promotion cross-linking reaction that can enter of white carbon, and also it is general white
Carbon black commonly uses waterglass and silester as silicon source in the preparation, so the white carbon added in component enables to component
Middle composition is carried out to the direction of generation white carbon, then hard charcoal content increase just can further increase the intensity of shell.
The above is only exemplary embodiment of the invention, not for limiting the scope of the invention, this hair
Bright protection domain is determined by appended claim.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of processing technology of precision-investment casting housing, it is characterized in that：Following preparation technology is included,
Step 1 penetrates wax：Penetrate wax machine and wax material injection moulding box is formed into cast model, penetrate wax and terminate the demoulding, cast model is placed in water
Middle cooling；
Step 2 group tree：Gate stick is melted with electric iron piece is bonded with cast model；
Step 3 shell processed：
A, cast model are prewetted in being put into silicon melten gel,
B, cast model surface coating surface layer slurry, are stained with surface layer sand, surface layer and dry；
C, dried cast model are prewetted in being put into silicon melten gel,
D, dried cast model coating backing layer slurry, emery dust infiltration surface is dried；
E, repetition b are operated 3 ~ 4 times, are made shell；
Step 4 dewaxes：Shell steam heating at 170 DEG C, deviates from wax material；
Step 5 sinter molding：The shell after dewaxing in step 4 sinters 1h in the sintering furnace at 1000-1100 DEG C；
Step 6 smelting and pouring：By remelting stainless steel finished product it is ingot melting after molten steel is poured into casting pouring is carried out in casting ladle, pour
Shell is preheated in case cast before note；
Step 7 shakes shell：The cast model on spray surface is removed using shake shell machine；
Step 8 ball blast：Flat surface；
Step 9 is cut：Blank is cut from gate stick；
Step 10 is surface-treated.
2. the processing technology of a kind of precision-investment casting housing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Wax material in step 1
Include the component of following parts by weight：10 ~ 40 parts of silicon melten gel, 30 ~ 45 parts of paraffin, 5 ~ 10 parts of dimethyl silicone polymer, 5
~ 10 parts of microwax, 15 ~ 20 parts of stearic acid, 5 ~ 10 parts of hard ester lead salts of dimethyl and 5 ~ 10 parts of Sodium stearates.
3. the processing technology of a kind of precision-investment casting housing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Wax in step 1
The temperature of material is 70 ~ 100 DEG C.
4. the processing technology of a kind of precision-investment casting housing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Face in step 3
Layer slurry includes the component of following parts by weight, 1 ~ 2 part of degreasing agent, 10 ~ 40 parts of silicon melten gels, 10 ~ 40 parts of zircon sand, 10 ~
20 parts of waterglass, 10 ~ 15 parts of silester, 1 ~ 2 part of white carbon.
5. the processing technology of a kind of precision-investment casting housing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Face in step 3
Layer sand and emery dust select Mo Laisha.
6. the processing technology of a kind of precision-investment casting housing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The back of the body in step 3
Layer slurry includes the component of following parts by weight, 10 ~ 40 parts of silicon melten gel, 10 ~ 20 parts of mullite powder, 1 ~ 2 part of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Fiber.
7. the processing technology of a kind of precision-investment casting housing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：A steps in step 3
The time prewetted is 2 ~ 5s.
8. the processing technology of a kind of precision-investment casting housing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Coated in step 3
Cast model and slurry face are in 40 ~ 45 degree when surface layer slurry and backing layer slurry, and blow away blibbing with air gun.
9. the processing technology of a kind of precision-investment casting housing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Steam in step 4
Moulding pressure is 0.4 ~ 0.7Mpa.
10. the processing technology of a kind of precision-investment casting housing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Shell in step 6
It is preheated to 600 ~ 700 DEG C.
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