CN1069294A - 硬质涂层及其涂覆的工件和用其涂覆工件的方法 - Google Patents
硬质涂层及其涂覆的工件和用其涂覆工件的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1069294A CN1069294A CN92104556A CN92104556A CN1069294A CN 1069294 A CN1069294 A CN 1069294A CN 92104556 A CN92104556 A CN 92104556A CN 92104556 A CN92104556 A CN 92104556A CN 1069294 A CN1069294 A CN 1069294A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- atomic ratio
- hard coat
- workpiece
- chromium content
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
- C23C16/403—Oxides of aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/08—Oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
- C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (22)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH147091 | 1991-05-16 | ||
| CH1470/91 | 1991-05-16 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1069294A true CN1069294A (zh) | 1993-02-24 |
| CN1035956C CN1035956C (zh) | 1997-09-24 |
Family
ID=4211238
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN92104556A Expired - Lifetime CN1035956C (zh) | 1991-05-16 | 1992-05-16 | 涂层方法、带有硬质涂层的工件及其用途 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5310607A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0513662B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP3323534B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR100236995B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1035956C (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE134718T1 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR9201865A (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE59205430D1 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102177278B (zh) * | 2008-10-10 | 2013-10-02 | 欧瑞康贸易股份公司(特吕巴赫) | 非γ-相的立方AlCrO |
| CN105828992A (zh) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-08-03 | 京瓷株式会社 | 切削工具 |
| CN111201337A (zh) * | 2017-09-15 | 2020-05-26 | 欧瑞康表面处理解决方案股份公司普费菲孔 | 具有较高热稳定性的Al-Cr-O基涂层及其制造方法 |
Families Citing this family (58)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5516588A (en) * | 1991-03-27 | 1996-05-14 | Widia Gmbh | Composite body, its use and a process for its production |
| DE59309954D1 (de) * | 1992-12-21 | 2000-03-16 | Balzers Hochvakuum | Optisches Bauelement, Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schicht, Schicht bzw. Schichtsystem und Verwendung des Bauelementes |
| CH688863A5 (de) | 1994-06-24 | 1998-04-30 | Balzers Hochvakuum | Verfahren zum Beschichten mindestens eines Werkstueckes und Anlage hierfuer. |
| US5879823A (en) * | 1995-12-12 | 1999-03-09 | Kennametal Inc. | Coated cutting tool |
| DE19830206C2 (de) * | 1997-09-16 | 2001-08-23 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren zur Beschichtung von Substraten mit Aluminiumoxid (Al¶2¶O¶3¶) |
| CN100413998C (zh) | 2002-08-08 | 2008-08-27 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | α型晶体结构为主体的氧化铝被膜相关技术 |
| JP4427271B2 (ja) | 2003-04-30 | 2010-03-03 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | アルミナ保護膜およびその製造方法 |
| US9771648B2 (en) * | 2004-08-13 | 2017-09-26 | Zond, Inc. | Method of ionized physical vapor deposition sputter coating high aspect-ratio structures |
| US20050103620A1 (en) * | 2003-11-19 | 2005-05-19 | Zond, Inc. | Plasma source with segmented magnetron cathode |
| EP1536041B1 (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2008-05-21 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Coated cermet cutting tool with a chipping resistant, hard coating layer |
| JP4569746B2 (ja) * | 2003-12-22 | 2010-10-27 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 硬質被覆層がすぐれた耐チッピング性を発揮する表面被覆サーメット製切削工具 |
| CN100445023C (zh) * | 2003-12-22 | 2008-12-24 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | 具有抗破碎性优异的硬涂层的表面涂覆金属陶瓷切削工具 |
| US20050205415A1 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2005-09-22 | Belousov Igor V | Multi-component deposition |
| DE102004044240A1 (de) * | 2004-09-14 | 2006-03-30 | Walter Ag | Schneidwerkzeug mit oxidischer Beschichtung |
| EP2477207A3 (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2014-09-03 | Zond, Inc. | Apparatus for generating high-current electrical discharges |
| JP4780513B2 (ja) * | 2005-01-21 | 2011-09-28 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 硬質被覆層が高速切削加工ですぐれた耐チッピング性を発揮する表面被覆サーメット製切削工具 |
| EP2355126B1 (de) * | 2005-03-24 | 2015-12-02 | Oerlikon Surface Solutions AG, Trübbach | Hartstoffschicht |
| JP4730651B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-19 | 2011-07-20 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 耐熱合金の高速断続切削加工で硬質被覆層がすぐれた耐チッピング性を発揮する表面被覆サーメット製切削工具 |
| SE529015C2 (sv) * | 2005-09-09 | 2007-04-10 | Sandvik Intellectual Property | PVD-belagt skärverktygsskär tillverkat av hårdmetall |
| US7670674B2 (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2010-03-02 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab | PVD coated cutting tool |
| JP4761141B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-16 | 2011-08-31 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 難削材の高速切削加工で硬質被覆層がすぐれた耐チッピング性を発揮する表面被覆サーメット製切削スローアウエイチップ |
| US8071211B2 (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2011-12-06 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Surface-coated cutting tool |
| AU2007306494B2 (en) * | 2006-10-10 | 2012-05-31 | Oerlikon Trading Ag, Truebbach | Layer system having at least one mixed crystal layer of a polyoxide |
| US7939181B2 (en) * | 2006-10-11 | 2011-05-10 | Oerlikon Trading Ag, Trubbach | Layer system with at least one mixed crystal layer of a multi-oxide |
| US9605338B2 (en) * | 2006-10-11 | 2017-03-28 | Oerlikon Surface Solutions Ag, Pfaffikon | Method for depositing electrically insulating layers |
| US8129040B2 (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2012-03-06 | Oerlikon Trading Ag, Truebbach | Cutting tool |
| SE533395C2 (sv) * | 2007-06-08 | 2010-09-14 | Sandvik Intellectual Property | Sätt att göra PVD-beläggningar |
| DE102007030734A1 (de) * | 2007-07-02 | 2009-01-08 | Walter Ag | Beschichtetes Werkzeug |
| JP2009035784A (ja) | 2007-08-02 | 2009-02-19 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 酸化物皮膜、酸化物皮膜被覆材および酸化物皮膜の形成方法 |
| US7741659B2 (en) * | 2007-10-25 | 2010-06-22 | United Microelectronics Corp. | Semiconductor device |
| JP2009120912A (ja) | 2007-11-15 | 2009-06-04 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 硬質皮膜を備えた耐摩耗性部材 |
| SE531933C2 (sv) | 2007-12-14 | 2009-09-08 | Seco Tools Ab | Belagt hårdmetallskär för bearbetning av stål och rostfria stål |
| SE532048C2 (sv) | 2008-03-07 | 2009-10-13 | Seco Tools Ab | Oxidbelagt skärverktygsskär för spånavskiljande bearbetning av stål |
| SE532050C2 (sv) * | 2008-03-07 | 2009-10-13 | Seco Tools Ab | Oxidbelagt skärverktygsskär för spånavskiljande bearbetning av stål |
| SE532047C2 (sv) | 2008-03-07 | 2009-10-13 | Seco Tools Ab | Oxidbelagt skärverktygsskär för spånavskiljande bearbetning av gjutjärn |
| SE532049C2 (sv) * | 2008-03-07 | 2009-10-13 | Seco Tools Ab | Oxidbelagt skärverktygsskär för spånavskiljande bearbetning av stål |
| JP5234925B2 (ja) * | 2008-04-03 | 2013-07-10 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 硬質皮膜およびその形成方法ならびに硬質皮膜被覆部材 |
| DE102008026358A1 (de) * | 2008-05-31 | 2009-12-03 | Walter Ag | Werkzeug mit Metalloxidbeschichtung |
| JP5435326B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-02 | 2014-03-05 | 日立金属株式会社 | ダイカスト用被覆金型およびその製造方法 |
| CZ305038B6 (cs) | 2009-07-28 | 2015-04-08 | Shm, S. R. O. | Způsob vytváření ochranných a funkčních vrstev metodou PVD z katody se sníženou povrchovou elektrickou vodivostí |
| DE102009028579B4 (de) | 2009-08-17 | 2013-08-22 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Beschichtete Körper aus Metall, Hartmetall, Cermet oder Keramik sowie Verfahren zur Beschichtung derartiger Körper |
| TW201135817A (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2011-10-16 | Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd | Colourful multi-layer film structure and the method manufacturing the same |
| CN103052456B (zh) | 2010-08-04 | 2015-04-22 | 株式会社图格莱 | 被覆工具 |
| DE102010042828A1 (de) * | 2010-10-22 | 2012-04-26 | Walter Ag | Target für Lichtbogenverfahren |
| JP5472529B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-31 | 2014-04-16 | 日立ツール株式会社 | 硬質皮膜被覆部材及びそれを具備する刃先交換式回転工具 |
| DE102011053372A1 (de) * | 2011-09-07 | 2013-03-07 | Walter Ag | Werkzeug mit chromhaltiger Funktionsschicht |
| WO2014101517A1 (zh) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-07-03 | Wu Shanghua | 一种采用物理气相沉积工艺在氮化硅切削刀具表面制备Al2O3涂层及其复合涂层的方法 |
| DE112014001562B4 (de) | 2013-03-21 | 2019-08-08 | Kennametal Inc. | Beschichtungen für Schneidwerkzeuge |
| US9371580B2 (en) | 2013-03-21 | 2016-06-21 | Kennametal Inc. | Coated body wherein the coating scheme includes a coating layer of TiAl2O3 and method of making the same |
| US9181620B2 (en) | 2013-03-21 | 2015-11-10 | Kennametal Inc. | Coatings for cutting tools |
| KR102252440B1 (ko) * | 2013-11-03 | 2021-05-17 | 오를리콘 서피스 솔루션스 아크티엔게젤샤프트, 페피콘 | 산화 장벽 층 |
| DE102014104672A1 (de) * | 2014-04-02 | 2015-10-08 | Kennametal Inc. | Beschichtetes Schneidwerkzeug und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| US9719175B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2017-08-01 | Kennametal Inc. | Multilayer structured coatings for cutting tools |
| US9650714B2 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2017-05-16 | Kennametal Inc. | Nanocomposite refractory coatings and applications thereof |
| US9650712B2 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2017-05-16 | Kennametal Inc. | Inter-anchored multilayer refractory coatings |
| DE102016108734B4 (de) | 2016-05-11 | 2023-09-07 | Kennametal Inc. | Beschichteter Körper und Verfahren zur Herstellung des Körpers |
| DE102016212874A1 (de) * | 2016-07-14 | 2018-01-18 | Oerlikon Surface Solutions Ag, Pfäffikon | Schutzbeschichtung für eine thermisch beanspruchte Struktur |
| CN106399930A (zh) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-02-15 | 华南理工大学 | 一种合金钢表面渗氮后原位pvd镀膜的一体化复合处理方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3511703A (en) * | 1963-09-20 | 1970-05-12 | Motorola Inc | Method for depositing mixed oxide films containing aluminum oxide |
| US3837894A (en) * | 1972-05-22 | 1974-09-24 | Union Carbide Corp | Process for producing a corrosion resistant duplex coating |
| US3990860A (en) * | 1975-11-20 | 1976-11-09 | Nasa | High temperature oxidation resistant cermet compositions |
| US4052530A (en) * | 1976-08-09 | 1977-10-04 | Materials Technology Corporation | Co-deposited coating of aluminum oxide and titanium oxide and method of making same |
| SE406090B (sv) * | 1977-06-09 | 1979-01-22 | Sandvik Ab | Belagd hardmetallkropp samt sett att framstalla en dylik kropp |
| ATA261878A (de) * | 1978-04-14 | 1979-05-15 | Ver Edelstahlwerke Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung beschichteter hart- metallkoerper |
| US4357382A (en) * | 1980-11-06 | 1982-11-02 | Fansteel Inc. | Coated cemented carbide bodies |
| US4495907A (en) * | 1983-01-18 | 1985-01-29 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Combustion chamber components for internal combustion engines |
| US4540596A (en) * | 1983-05-06 | 1985-09-10 | Smith International, Inc. | Method of producing thin, hard coating |
| US4615913A (en) * | 1984-03-13 | 1986-10-07 | Kaman Sciences Corporation | Multilayered chromium oxide bonded, hardened and densified coatings and method of making same |
| US4668585A (en) * | 1984-06-08 | 1987-05-26 | Osaka Prefecture, Horonobu Oonishi and Kyocera Corporation | Fe-Cr-Al type implant alloy composite for medical treatment |
| US4822689A (en) * | 1985-10-18 | 1989-04-18 | Union Carbide Corporation | High volume fraction refractory oxide, thermal shock resistant coatings |
-
1991
- 1991-08-13 US US07/744,532 patent/US5310607A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-05-07 EP EP92107708A patent/EP0513662B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-07 AT AT92107708T patent/ATE134718T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-05-07 DE DE59205430T patent/DE59205430D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-16 CN CN92104556A patent/CN1035956C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-16 KR KR1019920008321A patent/KR100236995B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-18 JP JP12462492A patent/JP3323534B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-18 BR BR929201865A patent/BR9201865A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1994
- 1994-01-26 US US08/187,092 patent/US5447804A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102177278B (zh) * | 2008-10-10 | 2013-10-02 | 欧瑞康贸易股份公司(特吕巴赫) | 非γ-相的立方AlCrO |
| CN105828992A (zh) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-08-03 | 京瓷株式会社 | 切削工具 |
| CN111201337A (zh) * | 2017-09-15 | 2020-05-26 | 欧瑞康表面处理解决方案股份公司普费菲孔 | 具有较高热稳定性的Al-Cr-O基涂层及其制造方法 |
| US12018360B2 (en) | 2017-09-15 | 2024-06-25 | Oerlikon Surface Solutions Ag, Pfäffikon | Al—Cr—O-based coatings with higher thermal stability and producing method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR9201865A (pt) | 1993-01-05 |
| CN1035956C (zh) | 1997-09-24 |
| EP0513662B1 (de) | 1996-02-28 |
| EP0513662A1 (de) | 1992-11-19 |
| ATE134718T1 (de) | 1996-03-15 |
| US5310607A (en) | 1994-05-10 |
| JPH05208326A (ja) | 1993-08-20 |
| KR920021734A (ko) | 1992-12-18 |
| JP3323534B2 (ja) | 2002-09-09 |
| KR100236995B1 (ko) | 2000-01-15 |
| US5447804A (en) | 1995-09-05 |
| DE59205430D1 (de) | 1996-04-04 |
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