CN106937634A - 一种杀螨剂组合物及其使用方法 - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种含乙唑螨腈和嘧螨酯、螺甲螨酯、噻螨酮或克螨特的杀螨组合物，由有效成分乙唑螨腈和嘧螨酯、螺甲螨酯、噻螨酮或克螨特与适宜的农用助剂制成常用剂型。本发明对棉叶螨等作物害螨防治效果显著，两药剂之间存在明显增效作用，能减少用药量，延缓单一药剂的抗药性，经济、高效、环保。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于害螨化学防治领域，具体涉及一种杀螨剂组合物及其使用方法。
背景技术
乙唑螨腈，化学名称：(z)-2-(4-叔丁基苯基)-2-氰基-1-(1-乙基-3-甲基吡唑-5-基)乙烯基-2,2-二甲基丙酸酯，是沈阳中化农药化工研发有限公司以腈吡螨酯为先导化合物，改造后发现的具有高杀螨活性的化合物，对蜜蜂、鸟、鱼、蚕等低毒，防治柑橘红蜘蛛、苹果叶螨、棉叶螨及蔬菜叶螨等高效。
嘧螨酯，属于低毒杀螨剂，为线粒体呼吸抑制剂，阻断细胞色素b和c1间的电子转移，主要用于防治苹果、柑橘、梨等果树中的多种螨类。
螺甲螨酯，作用机理为抑制螨类体内的脂肪合成，破坏螨虫的能量代谢活动，干扰其脂肪体的生物合成，尤其对幼虫阶段有较好的活性，同时还可以产生卵巢管闭合作用，降低螨虫的繁殖能力，大大减少产卵数量。
噻螨酮，为非内吸性杀螨剂，对螨类的各虫态都有效。速效，持效期长。
克螨特，具有触杀和胃毒作用，无内吸和渗透传导作用，对成螨、若螨有效，杀卵效果差。
不同作用类型杀螨剂进行复配，可以很好的提高防治效果，扩大防治范围，节约用药成本，目前尚未发现乙唑螨腈与嘧螨酯、螺甲螨酯、噻螨酮、克螨特混配防治害螨的相关报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种杀螨剂组合物及其使用方法，制成复配制剂，用来防治作物害螨，效果好，用药量低；并提供了应用该组合物防治害螨等害虫的方法。
本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种杀螨剂组合物及其使用方法，其特征在于：由有效成分A和B及辅料组成，其中有效成分A为乙唑螨腈，有效成分B为嘧螨酯、螺甲螨酯、噻螨酮和克螨特中的一种。
所述的一种杀螨剂组合物及其使用方法，其特征在于：所述复配杀螨剂中，有效成分A和有效成分B的质量比为40:1-1:40。
所述的一种杀螨剂组合物及其使用方法，其特征在于：所述复配杀螨剂中，有效成分A和有效成分B的质量比为10:1-1:10。
所述的一种杀螨剂组合物及其使用方法，其特征在于：所述复配杀螨剂中，有效成分A和有效成分B的质量比为10:1-1:5。
所述的一种杀螨剂组合物及其使用方法，其特征在于：所述复配杀螨剂的剂型为乳油、悬浮剂、水分散性粒剂、可湿性粉剂、微囊悬浮剂。
使用方法：该制剂既可常规喷雾、弥雾、灌根，也可稀释后用热雾机、飞机等机械进行大面积施药，减少害螨的发生。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明的杀螨组合物与现有技术相比，产生以下有益效果：(1)与单剂相比，该组合物对害螨明显增效，明显提高了防治效果，显著降低了用药成本；（2）害螨对该药剂不易产生抗药性，同时也抑制了害螨对其他农药的抗性；（3）对害螨兼有速效和长效的功能；(4) 可大幅度减少田间用药量，有效减少环境污染和农药残留；（5）与其他常用药剂相比，生产和使用成本降低；（6）一药多治，一次施药可同时防治多种害虫，减少防治用工成本； (7)降低了对其他非靶标生物的毒性。
实验数据
采用室内生物测定方法。
首先通过室内生物测定得出不同配比的复配剂对棉叶螨的共毒系数，再通过田间药效试验明确其防治效果，确定复配剂的配方比例和最佳用量。
室内生物测定：采用玻片浸渍法。
将室内生物测定所得有增效作用的配方制成乳油（EC）、悬乳剂（SE）、可湿性粉剂（WP）、水分散性粒剂（WDG）、微囊悬浮剂（CS）。
表1、表2、表3、表4分别给出了乙唑螨腈与嘧螨酯、螺甲螨酯、噻螨酮、克螨特对棉叶螨成螨的毒力试验结果；
表1 乙唑螨腈和嘧螨酯混配对棉叶螨的毒力
表2 乙唑螨腈和螺甲螨酯混配对棉叶螨的毒力
表3 乙唑螨腈和噻螨酮混配对棉叶螨的毒力
表4 乙唑螨腈和克螨特混配对棉叶螨的毒力
通过表1可以看出乙唑螨腈和嘧螨酯在40:1~1:40范围内对棉叶螨均显示了很好的增效效果。通过表2可以看出乙唑螨腈和螺甲螨酯在20:1~40:1范围内对棉叶螨显示了很好的增效作用。通过表3可以看出，乙唑螨腈和噻螨酮在10:1~1:10范围内对棉叶螨显示了很好的增效效果。通过表4可以看出，乙唑螨腈和克螨特在40:1~1:40范围内对棉叶螨有很好的增效作用。
具体实施方式：
将乙唑螨腈和嘧螨酯、螺甲螨酯、噻螨酮、克螨特以不同比例，加入赋型剂、润湿剂、填充剂等助剂，制成了乳油、悬乳剂、水分散性粒剂、可湿性粉剂、微囊悬浮剂等剂型。为了说明效果，下面以实例1到实例4进一步加以说明，但不限于此。
实施例1 ( 30%乙唑螨腈·嘧螨酯悬浮剂 ）
原料配方：按质量百分比
活性组分 乙唑螨腈 25%
活性组分 嘧螨酯 5%
NNO 3%
BY110 2%
APE-1 2%
黄原胶 0.15%
丙二醇 1%
辛醇 0.05%
水 余量。
制备方法如下：
根据配方，将组分按比例称量，加入球磨机球磨30分钟，过滤，抽入分散罐高速剪切3分钟后经砂磨机充分研磨，控制固体组分粒子直径在2微米以内，研磨结束后搅拌均匀，即得悬浮剂产品。
实施例2 (30%乙唑螨酯·螺甲螨酯乳油 ）
原料配方：按质量百分比
活性组分 乙唑螨酯 5%
活性组分 螺甲螨酯 25%
二甲苯 20%
DMF 2%
无水钙盐 5%
吐温80 5%
四氯化碳 余量。
制备方法：将活性组分在二甲苯中充分溶解，充分搅拌均匀，加入无水钙盐和吐温80，然后用溶剂DMF调整含量，用四氯化碳调整余量。
实施例3（30%乙唑螨腈·噻螨酮水分散粒剂）
活性组分 乙唑螨腈 25%
活性组分 噻螨酮 5%
甲基脂肪酰胺苯磺酸钙 4%
碳酸钠 3%
木质素磺酸钠 4%
凹凸棒土 余量。
制备方法：将乙唑螨腈、噻螨酮、甲基脂肪酰胺苯磺酸钙、碳酸钠、凹凸棒土一起混合均匀后，经气流粉碎机粉碎至粒径5µm，得母粉，将母粉与木质素磺酸钠充分混合后造粒、烘干、过筛，从而制得水分散性粒剂。
实施例4（66%乙唑螨腈·克螨特可湿性粉剂）
活性组分 乙唑螨腈 6%
活性组分 克螨特 66%
木钠 3%
碳酸胺 3%
白炭黑 10%
凹凸棒土 余量。
制备方法：将上述物质均匀混合，混合物经气流粉碎机粉碎，制得可湿性粉剂。
实施例5（12%乙唑螨腈·嘧螨酯微囊悬浮剂）
活性组分 乙唑螨腈 6%
活性组分 嘧螨酯 6%
二甲基甲酰胺 2%
二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯3%
脂肪酰胺N-甲基牛磺酸钠盐2%
乙二胺 0.5%
阿拉伯树胶 2%
聚乙烯醇 2%
水 补齐至100%
（1）将药剂溶解于溶剂中，加入二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯搅拌均匀得到油相；（2）在水中加入乳化剂、辅助剂搅拌均匀得到水相；（3）水相加入到油相中，高速均化形成水包油乳液；（4）在450转/分转速条件下，加入乙二胺参加界面聚合反应，反应温度升至55℃，保持3小时固化成囊；（5）加入分散剂、增稠剂，搅拌均匀即制成微囊悬浮剂。
使用上述农药组合物防治害螨的方法为在害螨发生期加水配成悬浮液喷雾使用，防治害螨。本发明还可以将配制的药剂按500-5000倍稀释后可常规喷雾、弥雾，或者利用热雾机、飞机等大型机械进行大面积施药，减少叶螨等害虫害螨的发生。
Claims (5)
1.一种杀螨剂组合物及其使用方法，其特征在于：由有效成分A和B及辅料组成，其中有效成分A为乙唑螨腈，有效成分B为嘧螨酯、螺甲螨酯、噻螨酮和克螨特中的一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种杀螨剂组合物及其使用方法，其特征在于：所述复配杀螨剂中，有效成分A和有效成分B的质量比为40∶1-1∶40。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种杀螨剂组合物及其使用方法，其特征在于：所述复配杀螨剂中，有效成分A和有效成分B的质量比为10∶1-1∶10。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种杀螨剂组合物及其使用方法，其特征在于：所述复配杀螨剂中，有效成分A和有效成分B的质量比为10∶1-1∶5。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种杀螨剂组合物及其使用方法，其特征在于：所述复配杀螨剂的剂型为乳油、悬浮剂、水分散性粒剂、可湿性粉剂、微囊悬浮剂。
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