CN106946332A - It is a kind of that frond can be made to settle and can be used for removing Water, composite algicide/medicament of phosphorus - Google Patents
It is a kind of that frond can be made to settle and can be used for removing Water, composite algicide/medicament of phosphorus Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
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Abstract
本发明涉及氢氧化钙复合伊利石除藻剂/药剂。一种能使藻体沉降的复合除藻剂，含有氢氧化钙和伊利石粉末，将氢氧化钙用超纯水或蒸馏水溶解后配置成10g/L的储备液；将伊利石用超纯水或蒸馏水配置成10～150g/L的悬浊液；用于除藻时，分别投加0.6～2.1体积份的氢氧化钙储备液和0.6～2.4体积份的伊利石悬浊液。一种用于去除水体中氮、磷的复合药剂，含有氢氧化钙，伊利石粉末，将氢氧化钙用超纯水或蒸馏水溶解后配置成10g/L的储备液；将伊利石用超纯水或蒸馏水配置成10～150g/L的悬浊液；用于去除水体中氮、磷时，分别投加0.6～2.1体积份的氢氧化钙储备液和0.6～2.4体积份的伊利石悬浊液。The invention relates to a calcium hydroxide compound illite algaecide/agent. A compound algaecide that can settle algae, containing calcium hydroxide and illite powder, dissolving calcium hydroxide with ultrapure water or distilled water to prepare a 10g/L stock solution; dissolving illite with ultrapure water Or distilled water to make a 10-150g/L suspension; when used for algae removal, add 0.6-2.1 parts by volume of calcium hydroxide stock solution and 0.6-2.4 parts by volume of illite suspension. A compound agent for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water, containing calcium hydroxide and illite powder, dissolving calcium hydroxide with ultrapure water or distilled water to prepare a 10g/L stock solution; using ultrapure illite Water or distilled water is prepared into a 10-150g/L suspension; when used to remove nitrogen and phosphorus in water, add 0.6-2.1 parts by volume of calcium hydroxide stock solution and 0.6-2.4 parts by volume of illite suspension liquid.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于环境保护领域，具体涉及一种用于去除水体蓝藻和氮磷的氢氧化钙复合伊利石除藻剂/药剂，适用于以蓝藻为优势种的小型景观水体除藻和氮、磷的去除。The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection, and specifically relates to a calcium hydroxide compound illite algaecide/agent for removing cyanobacteria and nitrogen and phosphorus in water bodies, which is suitable for algae removal, nitrogen, and phosphorus in small-scale landscape water bodies where cyanobacteria is the dominant species remove.
背景技术Background technique
目前，水体富营养化问题日趋严重，已经成为全球性关注的热点问题。国内外的现状调查结果表明，在全球范围内30%～40%的湖泊和水库遭受不同程度富营养化影响（李秀青，2015）。根据2015年中国环境状况公报表明，开展营养状态监测的61个湖泊（水库）中富营养、中营养和贫营养的湖泊（水库）比例分别为22.95%、67.21%和9.84%（陈吉宁）。总体而言，水体发生富营养化的程度和范围呈发展趋势，尤其是城市湖泊及邻近城镇的水库水体富营养化程度较高。蓝藻等有害藻类大量、快速滋生是水体富营养的重要表征，“水华”爆发, 破坏了淡水生态系统, 致使其景观价值丧失殆尽，严重影响周围的自然环境和居民的生活环境。At present, the problem of water eutrophication is becoming more and more serious, and has become a hot issue of global concern. The current situation survey results at home and abroad show that 30% to 40% of lakes and reservoirs worldwide are affected by eutrophication to varying degrees (Li Xiuqing, 2015). According to the Bulletin on the State of the Environment in China in 2015, among the 61 lakes (reservoirs) that carried out nutritional status monitoring, the proportions of eutrophic, mesotrophic and oligotrophic lakes (reservoirs) were 22.95%, 67.21% and 9.84% respectively (Chen Jining). Generally speaking, the degree and scope of eutrophication in water bodies showed a development trend, especially in urban lakes and reservoirs in adjacent towns. The large and rapid growth of harmful algae such as cyanobacteria is an important sign of eutrophication in water bodies. The outbreak of "algae bloom" has destroyed the freshwater ecosystem, resulting in the loss of its landscape value and seriously affecting the surrounding natural environment and the living environment of residents.
目前，地表水体除藻技术大体可分为物理技术、化学技术和生物技术三类。但这些方法都在不同程度上存在费用高、不易控制、具有生态风险等瓶颈性问题，限制了这些方法的推广。例如，采用机械除藻、紫外线杀藻、遮光抑藻等物理方法，虽能有效除藻，但耗时、费用高、操作困难，因此不易大规模实施。投加化学除藻剂，如重金属类杀藻剂(CuSO4 等)、氧化剂和有机类药剂(有机羧酸和有机胺)，虽能快速杀藻，但是药剂二次污染严重，生态风险高，且随着对藻毒素研究的深入，传统杀藻剂投加后藻毒素释放到水体的弊端也显现出来，因而应用逐渐受到限制。生物方法是利用鱼、菌、水生植物等直接或间接抑藻。利用滤食性鱼类控藻效果较好，但后期管理复杂，高密度放养也可能破坏水体生态环境，其技术稳定性仍有待研究。因此, 针对上述不足，进一步开发操作简单、快速且对环境扰动小的除藻方法十分必要。At present, surface water algae removal technology can be roughly divided into three categories: physical technology, chemical technology and biological technology. However, these methods have bottleneck problems such as high cost, difficult control, and ecological risks to varying degrees, which limit the promotion of these methods. For example, physical methods such as mechanical algae removal, ultraviolet algae killing, and shading algae suppression can effectively remove algae, but it is time-consuming, expensive, and difficult to operate, so it is not easy to implement on a large scale. Adding chemical algicides, such as heavy metal algicides ( CuSO4 , etc.), oxidants and organic agents (organic carboxylic acids and organic amines), can quickly kill algae, but the secondary pollution of the agents is serious and the ecological risk is high. And with the in-depth research on algae toxins, the disadvantages of algae toxins released into the water after the addition of traditional algicides have also emerged, so the application is gradually limited. The biological method is to use fish, bacteria, aquatic plants, etc. to directly or indirectly inhibit algae. Using filter-feeding fish to control algae is better, but the later management is complicated, and high-density stocking may also damage the ecological environment of the water body, and its technical stability still needs to be studied. Therefore, to address the above-mentioned shortcomings, it is necessary to further develop algae removal methods that are simple, fast, and less disturbing to the environment.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明针对现有技术不足，提出了一种以氢氧化钙、伊利石粉末为原料制作的去除水体蓝藻和氮磷的复合除藻剂/药剂，除藻快速且无需搅拌。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a compound algaecide/agent for removing blue-green algae and nitrogen and phosphorus in water made of calcium hydroxide and illite powder as raw materials, which can remove algae quickly and without stirring.
本发明采用的技术方案：The technical scheme adopted in the present invention:
一种能使藻体沉降的复合除藻剂，含有氢氧化钙和伊利石粉末，将氢氧化钙用超纯水或蒸馏水溶解后配置成10g/L的储备液；将伊利石用超纯水或蒸馏水配置成10～150g/L的悬浊液；用于除藻时，分别投加0.6～2.1体积份的氢氧化钙储备液和0.6～2.4体积份的伊利石悬浊液，体积份单位以L计。A compound algaecide that can settle algae, containing calcium hydroxide and illite powder, dissolving calcium hydroxide with ultrapure water or distilled water to prepare a 10g/L stock solution; dissolving illite with ultrapure water Or distilled water to make a suspension of 10-150g/L; when used for algae removal, add 0.6-2.1 parts by volume of calcium hydroxide stock solution and 0.6-2.4 parts by volume of illite suspension, the unit of volume part Measured in L.
所述的能使藻体沉降的复合除藻剂，混合制备复合除藻剂用以除藻时，投加氢氧化钙储备液0.6～1.2份，投加伊利石悬浊液0.1～0.6份。When the compound algaecide capable of subsiding algae is mixed to prepare the compound algaecide for algae removal, 0.6-1.2 parts of calcium hydroxide stock solution and 0.1-0.6 parts of illite suspension are added.
所述的能使藻体沉降的复合除藻剂，混合制备复合除藻剂用以除藻时，投加氢氧化钙储备液1.2～2.1份，投加伊利石悬浊液0.6～1.4份。When the compound algaecide capable of subsiding algae is mixed to prepare the compound algaecide for algae removal, 1.2-2.1 parts of calcium hydroxide stock solution and 0.6-1.4 parts of illite suspension are added.
所述的能使藻体沉降的复合除藻剂制备方法，伊利石粉末为60～160目的伊利石颗粒。In the preparation method of the compound algicide capable of making algae body settle, the illite powder is illite particles of 60-160 mesh.
一种用于去除水体中氮、磷的复合药剂，含有氢氧化钙，伊利石粉末，将氢氧化钙用超纯水或蒸馏水溶解后配置成10g/L的储备液；将伊利石用超纯水或蒸馏水配置成10～150g/L的悬浊液；用于去除水体中氮、磷时，分别投加0.6～2.1体积份的氢氧化钙储备液和0.6～2.4体积份的伊利石悬浊液，体积份单位以L计。A compound agent for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water, containing calcium hydroxide and illite powder, dissolving calcium hydroxide with ultrapure water or distilled water to prepare a 10g/L stock solution; using ultrapure illite Water or distilled water is prepared into a 10-150g/L suspension; when used to remove nitrogen and phosphorus in water, add 0.6-2.1 parts by volume of calcium hydroxide stock solution and 0.6-2.4 parts by volume of illite suspension liquid, the volume unit is L.
所述的用于去除水体中氮、磷的复合药剂，投加氢氧化钙储备液0.6～1.2份，投加伊利石悬浊液0.6～1.5份。For the compound agent for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water, 0.6-1.2 parts of calcium hydroxide stock solution and 0.6-1.5 parts of illite suspension are added.
所述的用于去除水体中氮、磷的复合药剂，投加氢氧化钙储备液1.2～2.1份，投加伊利石悬浊液1.5～2.4份。For the compound agent for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water, 1.2-2.1 parts of calcium hydroxide stock solution and 1.5-2.4 parts of illite suspension are added.
所述的用于去除水体中氮、磷的复合药剂，伊利石粉末为60～160目的伊利石颗粒。In the composite agent for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water bodies, the illite powder is 60-160 mesh illite particles.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1、本发明所述复合除藻剂/药剂不仅能使藻体沉降到水体底部，还能去除水体氮、磷等营养物质，减少水华再次爆发的可能。该除藻剂可以有效除藻，藻体沉入水底，对环境的影响小，水体清澈，不影响水体美观，适用于以蓝藻为优势种的小型景观水体除藻。1. The compound algicide/agent described in the present invention can not only make the algae settle to the bottom of the water body, but also remove nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body, and reduce the possibility of another outbreak of water bloom. The algaecide can effectively remove algae, and the algae body sinks to the bottom of the water, has little impact on the environment, the water body is clear, and does not affect the appearance of the water body, and is suitable for algae removal in small landscape water bodies where cyanobacteria is the dominant species.
2、本发明所述复合除藻剂/药剂不仅能使藻体沉降到水体底部，还能去除水体氮、磷，利用氢氧化钙、伊利石粉末进行联合除藻，该方法所用伊利石经粉碎后无需进行其它处理即可用做复合药剂，该药剂除藻彻底、速度快、用量小，能够安全有效地控制藻类水华，并能使藻体沉入水体，保持水面干净，还可以去除水体氮、磷等营养物质，适用于以蓝藻为优势种的小型景观水体除藻。2. The compound algaecide/medicine of the present invention can not only make the algae body settle to the bottom of the water body, but also remove nitrogen and phosphorus from the water body, and use calcium hydroxide and illite powder to carry out joint algae removal. The illite used in the method is pulverized Afterwards, it can be used as a compound agent without other treatment. This agent can remove algae completely, quickly, and with a small dosage. It can safely and effectively control algae blooms, and can make algae sink into the water body, keep the water surface clean, and remove nitrogen from the water body. , phosphorus and other nutrients, suitable for algae removal in small landscape water bodies with cyanobacteria as the dominant species.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面通过具体实施方式，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below through specific implementation methods.
实施例1Example 1
一种能使藻体沉降的复合除藻剂，含有氢氧化钙和伊利石粉末，将氢氧化钙用超纯水或蒸馏水溶解后配置成10g/L的储备液；将伊利石用超纯水或蒸馏水配置成10～150g/L的悬浊液；将0.6～2.1体积份的氢氧化钙储备液和0.6～2.4体积份的伊利石悬浊液混合，制得所述复合除藻剂，体积份单位以L计。A compound algaecide that can settle algae, containing calcium hydroxide and illite powder, dissolving calcium hydroxide with ultrapure water or distilled water to prepare a 10g/L stock solution; dissolving illite with ultrapure water Or distilled water is configured into a suspension of 10 to 150 g/L; 0.6 to 2.1 parts by volume of calcium hydroxide stock solution is mixed with 0.6 to 2.4 parts by volume of illite suspension to prepare the compound algaecide. The serving unit is in L.
用于除水体中蓝藻时，可分别投加0.6～2.1体积份的氢氧化钙储备液和0.6～2.4体积份的伊利石悬浊液。When used to remove cyanobacteria in water bodies, 0.6-2.1 parts by volume of calcium hydroxide stock solution and 0.6-2.4 parts by volume of illite suspension can be added respectively.
实施例2Example 2
本实施例能使藻体沉降的复合除藻剂，与实施例1不同的是：在用于除藻时，投加氢氧化钙储备液0.6～1.2份，投加伊利石悬浊液0.6～1.5份。The compound algaecide that can make algae settle in this embodiment is different from Example 1 in that: when used for algae removal, 0.6 to 1.2 parts of calcium hydroxide stock solution is added, and 0.6 to 1.2 parts of illite suspension is added. 1.5 servings.
实施例3Example 3
本实施例能使藻体沉降的复合除藻剂，与实施例1不同的是：在用于除藻时，投加氢氧化钙储备液1.2～2.1份，投加伊利石悬浊液1.5～2.4份。The compound algaecide that can make algae settle in this embodiment is different from Example 1 in that: when used for algae removal, 1.2 to 2.1 parts of calcium hydroxide stock solution is added, and 1.5 to 2.1 parts of illite suspension is added. 2.4 servings.
实施例4Example 4
一种用于去除水体中氮、磷的复合药剂，含有氢氧化钙，伊利石粉末，将氢氧化钙用超纯水或蒸馏水溶解后配置成10g/L的储备液；将伊利石用超纯水或蒸馏水配置成10～150g/L的悬浊液；用于去除水体中的氮、磷时，分别投加0.6～2.1体积份的氢氧化钙储备液和0.6～2.4体积份的伊利石悬浊液，体积份单位以L计。A compound agent for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water, containing calcium hydroxide and illite powder, dissolving calcium hydroxide with ultrapure water or distilled water to prepare a 10g/L stock solution; using ultrapure illite Water or distilled water is prepared into a 10-150g/L suspension; when used to remove nitrogen and phosphorus in water, add 0.6-2.1 parts by volume of calcium hydroxide stock solution and 0.6-2.4 parts by volume of illite suspension Turbid liquid, the volume unit is L.
也可以将0.6～2.1体积份的氢氧化钙储备液和0.6～2.4体积份的伊利石悬浊液混合，制得所述复合药剂，再向水中投加，以去除水体中氮、磷。It is also possible to mix 0.6-2.1 parts by volume of calcium hydroxide stock solution and 0.6-2.4 parts by volume of illite suspension to prepare the compound agent, and then add it to water to remove nitrogen and phosphorus in water.
实施例5Example 5
本实施例用于去除水体中氮、磷的复合药剂，与实施例4不同的是：在用于去除水体中氮、磷时，投加氢氧化钙储备液0.6～1.2份，投加伊利石悬浊液0.6～1.5份。This embodiment is used to remove the compound agent of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body. The difference from Example 4 is that when it is used to remove nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body, 0.6 to 1.2 parts of calcium hydroxide stock solution is added, and illite is added. Suspension 0.6-1.5 parts.
实施例6Example 6
本实施例用于去除水体中氮、磷的复合药剂，与实施例4不同的是：在用于去除水体中氮、磷时，投加氢氧化钙储备液1.2～2.1份，投加伊利石悬浊液1.5～2.4份。This embodiment is used to remove nitrogen and phosphorus in water. The difference from Example 4 is that when it is used to remove nitrogen and phosphorus in water, 1.2 to 2.1 parts of calcium hydroxide stock solution is added, and illite is added. Suspension 1.5 to 2.4 parts.
本发明复合除藻剂在用于净化去除藻污染水体中的藻细胞时，待处理水体与氢氧化钙储备液的用量的体积比为：100:1～3.5；待处理水体与氢氧化钙储备液的用量的体积比为：100:1～4，9小时内藻细胞被除藻剂絮凝后沉降到水底，水体清澈。When the compound algaecide of the present invention is used to purify and remove algae cells in algae-contaminated water bodies, the volume ratio of the water body to be treated and the amount of calcium hydroxide stock solution is: 100:1～3.5; the water body to be treated and the calcium hydroxide stock solution The volume ratio of the amount of liquid used is: 100:1-4. Within 9 hours, the algae cells are flocculated by the algicide and settle to the bottom of the water, and the water is clear.
本发明能使藻体沉降的复合除藻剂，不仅能使藻体沉降以去除水中藻类，还能去除水体中的氮、磷等营养物质。下面结合实验室的研究结果对本发明进一步说明。The compound algaecide capable of subsiding algae bodies of the invention not only can subside algae bodies to remove algae in water, but also remove nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in water bodies. Below in conjunction with the research result of laboratory, the present invention is further described.
实验1Experiment 1
含有氢氧化钙，伊利石粉末，将氢氧化钙用蒸馏水溶解后配置成10g/L的储备液；将120目的伊利石用蒸馏水配置成90g/L的悬浊液。在680nm波长处吸光度值为0.07的群体微囊藻藻液中（总磷和总氮的浓度分别为3.82mg/L和41.26 mg/L），分别加入氢氧化钙储备液和伊利石悬浊液各1.8mL后，静置9h，藻类沉降到水底，水体清澈，检测其对藻细胞、总磷、总氮的去除率分别为94.14%、95.50%、2.02%。Contains calcium hydroxide and illite powder. Dissolve calcium hydroxide with distilled water to prepare a 10g/L stock solution; prepare 120 mesh illite with distilled water to prepare a 90g/L suspension. Add calcium hydroxide stock solution and illite suspension to the microcystis colony liquid with absorbance value of 0.07 at 680nm wavelength (total phosphorus and total nitrogen concentrations are 3.82 mg/L and 41.26 mg/L, respectively). After each 1.8mL, let it stand for 9 hours, the algae settled to the bottom of the water, and the water was clear. The removal rates of algae cells, total phosphorus, and total nitrogen were 94.14%, 95.50%, and 2.02%, respectively.
实验2Experiment 2
含有氢氧化钙，伊利石粉末，将氢氧化钙用蒸馏水溶解后配置成10g/L的储备液；将120目的伊利石用蒸馏水配置成90g/L的悬浊液。在680nm波长处吸光度值为0.07的单细胞微囊藻藻液中，分别加入氢氧化钙储备液和伊利石悬浊液各1.8mL后，静置9h，藻类沉降到水底，水体清澈，检测其对藻细胞的去除率为86.77%。Contains calcium hydroxide and illite powder. Dissolve calcium hydroxide with distilled water to prepare a 10g/L stock solution; prepare 120 mesh illite with distilled water to prepare a 90g/L suspension. Add 1.8 mL each of calcium hydroxide stock solution and illite suspension to the unicellular Microcystis algal liquid with an absorbance value of 0.07 at a wavelength of 680 nm. After standing for 9 hours, the algae settled to the bottom of the water and the water was clear. The removal rate of algae cells was 86.77%.
实验3Experiment 3
含有氢氧化钙，伊利石粉末，将氢氧化钙用蒸馏水溶解后配置成10g/L的储备液；将120目的伊利石用蒸馏水配置成40g/L的悬浊液。在680nm波长处吸光度值为0.08的单细胞微囊藻藻液中，分别加入氢氧化钙储备液和伊利石悬浊液各1.5mL和1.5mL后，静置9h，藻类沉降到水底，水体清澈，检测其对藻细胞的去除率为83.25%。Contains calcium hydroxide and illite powder. Dissolve calcium hydroxide with distilled water to make a 10g/L stock solution; make 120 mesh illite into a 40g/L suspension with distilled water. Add 1.5mL of calcium hydroxide stock solution and 1.5mL of illite suspension to the unicellular Microcystis algae liquid with an absorbance value of 0.08 at 680nm wavelength, and let it stand for 9 hours. The algae settle to the bottom of the water and the water is clear. , and the removal rate of algae cells was detected to be 83.25%.
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