CN106949169A - 电子盘式制动器 - Google Patents

电子盘式制动器 Download PDF

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CN106949169A
CN106949169A CN201610840402.1A CN201610840402A CN106949169A CN 106949169 A CN106949169 A CN 106949169A CN 201610840402 A CN201610840402 A CN 201610840402A CN 106949169 A CN106949169 A CN 106949169A
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planetary gear
unit
gear unit
power connecting
gear
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CN106949169B (zh
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孙宗九
柳性旭
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HL Mando Corp
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Mando Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/08—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member
    • F16D25/082—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member the line of action of the fluid-actuated members co-inciding with the axis of rotation
    • F16D25/086—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member the line of action of the fluid-actuated members co-inciding with the axis of rotation the clutch being actuated by a push rod extending coaxially through the input or output shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/0006—Noise or vibration control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/58—Combined or convertible systems
    • B60T13/588—Combined or convertible systems both fluid and mechanical assistance or drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B60T13/741—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive acting on an ultimate actuator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/12—Details not specific to one of the before-mentioned types
    • F16D25/14—Fluid pressure control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
    • F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
    • F16D65/183—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes with force-transmitting members arranged side by side acting on a spot type force-applying member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/24—Electric or magnetic using motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/20—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa
    • F16D2125/34—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa acting in the direction of the axis of rotation
    • F16D2125/40—Screw-and-nut
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/44—Mechanical mechanisms transmitting rotation
    • F16D2125/46—Rotating members in mutual engagement
    • F16D2125/48—Rotating members in mutual engagement with parallel stationary axes, e.g. spur gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/44—Mechanical mechanisms transmitting rotation
    • F16D2125/46—Rotating members in mutual engagement
    • F16D2125/50—Rotating members in mutual engagement with parallel non-stationary axes, e.g. planetary gearing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种电子盘式制动器。电子盘式制动器包括：盘，其被配置成随着车轮旋转；卡钳壳体，其被配置成操作安装在圆盘的两侧处的垫板；和致动器，其具有：活塞，其设置在卡钳壳体的内部以按压垫板以将垫板附接到盘；主轴，其可旋转地安装在卡钳壳体处以使活塞往复运动；电动马达，其被配置成旋转主轴；和减速器，其被配置成将电动马达的旋转力传输至主轴，其中，减速器包括：动力连接单元，其被连接至电动马达；行星齿轮单元，其被配置成将动力连接单元连接至主轴；以及中心销，其被配置成穿过动力连接单元和行星齿轮单元，并且中心销被安装在动力连接单元和行星齿轮单元中以相对于动力连接单元和行星齿轮单元可旋转。

Description

电子盘式制动器
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2015年9月22日向韩国知识产权局提交的申请号为2015-0133874的韩国专利申请的权益，其公开内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本公开涉及一种电子盘式制动器，更特别地涉及一种能够通过电动马达的操作实现停车功能的电子制动器系统。
背景技术
通常，制动器装置是用于当车辆被制动或者停车时停止车辆以防止车辆移动并且用于保持车辆的车轮以防止车轮旋转的装置。
电子地控制停车制动器的操作的电子停车制动器(EPB)系统目前被广泛使用并且被安装在典型的盘式制动器上以执行停车制动器的功能。电子盘式制动器的类型包括线缆牵引型、卡钳集成马达(MOC)(motor-on-caliper)型和液压停车制动型。
[有关技术文献]
公开号为10-2011-0072877的韩国专利(2011年6月29日)
上述文献涉及一种MOC型EPB致动器结构，其中产生动力的马达被连接到致动器，并且通过马达产生的动力通过利用多个齿轮装置在减速的同时增加扭矩而被传输至致动器和卡钳以执行制动操作。
然而，用于传输动力而安装的多个齿轮装置在制动时在操作噪声方面具有不利作用。例如，当致动器操作时，齿轮之间的联接(接合)的不精确控制可能会导致噪声和振动的产生并且在更严重的情况下可能会降低致动器的耐久性。因此，正在进行降低使用马达自动操作制动器的电子盘式制动器的操作噪声的各种研究与开发。
发明内容
因此，本公开的方面是提供一种电子盘式制动器，其中，诸如传输马达的驱动力的连接单元和减小旋转力的减速单元的元件之间的连接结构得到改善。
本公开的附加方面将在随后的说明书中部分地阐述，且部分从说明书中将是显而易见的或可以通过公开的实践而获知。
根据本公开的一方面，电子盘式制动器包括盘、卡钳壳体和致动器。盘可被配置成随着车轮旋转。卡钳壳体可被配置成操作安装在盘的两侧处的垫板。致动器可具有：活塞，其设置在卡钳壳体的内部以按压垫板从而将垫板附接至盘；主轴，其可旋转地安装在卡钳壳体处以使活塞往复运动；电动马达，其被配置成旋转主轴；以及减速器，其被配置成将电动马达的旋转力传输至主轴。减速器可包括：动力连接单元，其被连接至电动马达；行星齿轮单元，其被配置成将动力连接单元连接至；以及中心销，其被配置成穿过动力连接单元和行星齿轮单元。中心销被安装在动力连接单元和行星齿轮单元中以相对于动力连接单元和行星齿轮单元可旋转。
动力连接单元可包括：主动齿轮，其设置在电动马达的轴处；和从动齿轮，其被连接至行星齿轮单元，行星齿轮单元可包括用于多级减速的第一行星齿轮单元和第二行星齿轮单元，第一行星齿轮单元和第二行星齿轮单元中的每个可包括太阳齿轮、其被接合至太阳齿轮的外部的多个行星齿轮、是被配置成容纳行星齿轮的内齿轮的环形齿轮以及被安装为可旋转地支撑行星齿轮且随着太阳齿轮同轴旋转并且被配置成输出旋转动力的齿轮架，中心销可与中心孔间隔开并且可滑动并旋转地设置在中心孔处，中心孔设置在动力连接单元的从动齿轮以及第一和第二行星齿轮单元中的每个的太阳齿轮和齿轮架的中央部处。
减速器可进一步包括被配置成围绕动力连接单元和行星齿轮单元的壳体盖，第二行星齿轮单元的齿轮架可包括联接到主轴的输出轴，并且中心销的两端分别通过壳体盖和输出轴可旋转地支撑。
润滑油可在中心销和中心销穿过的减速器之间涂覆。
附图说明
从下述结合附图的实施例的描述中，公开的这些方面和/或其它方面将变得显而易见且更容易地理解，其中：
图1是说明根据本公开的实施例的电子盘式制动器的截面图；
图2是根据实施例的电子盘式制动器的部分的分解透视图；以及
图3是根据实施例的电子盘式制动器的部分的放大截面图。
具体实施方式
在下文中，将参照附图详细地描述本公开的实施例。在下文引入的实施例被提供作为示例以将本公开的精神充分传达给本公开所属技术领域的普通技术人员。本公开并不限于下文描述的实施例，而是可意其它的形式实施。为了清楚地描述本公开，从附图中已经省略了与描述无关的部分，并且为了方便起见，附图中元件的宽度、长度、厚度等可被夸大。相同的附图标号通篇指示相同的元件。
图1是说明根据本公开的实施例的电子盘式制动器的截面图，并且附图中所示的电子盘式制动器是卡钳集成马达(MOC)型。图2是根据实施例的电子盘式制动器的部分的分解透视图，以及图3是根据实施例的电子盘式制动器的部分的放大截面图。
参照附图，实施例的电子盘式制动器10包括：盘11，其被配置成随着车轮旋转；承载部(未示出)，一对垫板12和13在其上通过彼此间隔开预定间隔安装，盘式垫14和15分别附接至该对垫板12和13；卡钳壳体20，其可滑动地安装在齿轮架处以操作垫板12和13；以及致动器30，其具有被安装为在卡钳壳体20的内部来回可移动的活塞31。
卡钳壳体20通过一对引导杆(未示出)被可滑动地安装在承载部处，卡钳壳体20包括活塞31插入其中的缸体单元21、被配置成如下所述操作外垫板12的指部单元23以及被配置成将指部单元23连接至缸体单元21的连接单元25。
承载部通过安装螺栓被安装在车辆主体的转向节(knuckle)上，卡钳壳体20通过引导杆被可滑动地联接至承载部的两端部分。
盘式垫14和15分别被附接至一对垫板12和13的内表面。垫板12和13包括被设置为使得其外表面与活塞31的前端接触的内垫板13和被设置为使得其外表面与指部单元23接触的外垫板12。
致动器30包括：活塞31，其可滑动地插入卡钳壳体20的缸体单元21中；主轴33，其可旋转地安装在卡钳壳体20的缸体单元21的内部；螺母主轴(nut spindle)36，其被安装在活塞31的内部以在通过主轴33的旋转而来回移动的同时按压活塞31或者释放活塞31的按压；电动马达41，其被配置成旋转主轴33；以及减速器45，其被配置成将电动马达41的旋转力传输至主轴33。
活塞31如上所述被可滑动地插入至缸体单元21中，活塞31设置成圆柱形状，其内部凹进成杯形状。
主轴33具有可旋转地支撑在缸体单元21的后端侧处的支撑部34和被配置成从支撑部34向活塞31的内中心部分延伸预定长度的外螺纹部35。
螺母主轴36形成为圆柱形状并且包括内螺纹部37，其被紧固至主轴33的外螺纹部分35并且形成在其内表面处以通过主轴33的旋转在轴向方向上来回移动。因此，当主轴33在正向或者反向方向上旋转时，螺母主轴36来回移动并且按压活塞31从而产生制动。
电动马达41通过操纵设置在车辆的驾驶员座位处的开关(未示出)接收动力并且将电能转换成机械旋转动能。根据开关的操作信号的制动操作通过未示出的车辆的电子控制单元(ECU)控制。
减速器45包括动力连接单元50和多个行星齿轮单元60。
动力连接单元50将电动马达41的轴连接至行星齿轮单元60。动力连接单元50可包括设置在电动马达41处的主动齿轮51、连接至行星齿轮单元60的从动齿轮53以及在主动齿轮51和从动齿轮53之间将主动齿轮51连接至从动齿轮53的中间齿轮52。
另外，动力连接单元50可进一步包括被配置成保持主动齿轮51、中间齿轮52和从动齿轮53的轴之间的距离并且被配置成支撑中间齿轮52的轴的框架54。
这里，齿轮的齿数从动力连接单元50中的主动齿轮51朝着从动齿轮53优选地增加使得电动马达41的旋转可被减速且被传输至行星齿轮单元60。
另外，电动马达41被安装到行星齿轮单元60的一侧并且被设置为使得其中心轴线平行于行星齿轮单元60的中心轴线。当电动马达41被设置在减速器45的一侧使得如上所述的电动马达41的中心轴线平行于行星齿轮单元60的中心轴线时，电子盘式制动器的总长度可被缩短。未说明的附图标号56是指被配置成覆盖减速器45和电动马达41的壳体盖。
为了通过多级减速获得大的减速比，行星齿轮单元60包括从连接至电动马达41的动力连接单元50连续地连接至主轴33的第一和第二行星齿轮单元61和62。
第一和第二行星齿轮单元61和62分别包括太阳齿轮61a和62a、接合至太阳齿轮61a和62a的外部的多个行星齿轮61b和62b、是被配置成容纳行星齿轮61b和62b的内齿轮的环形齿轮61c和62c、以及安装以可旋转地支撑行星齿轮61b和62b且随着太阳齿轮61a和62a同轴旋转并配置成输出旋转动力的齿轮架61d和62d。
虽然在实施例中说明第一行星齿轮单元61的太阳齿轮61a与动力连接单元50的从动齿轮53一体设置并且第二行星齿轮单元62的太阳齿轮62a与第一行星齿轮单元61的齿轮架61d一体设置，但是普通技术人员可通过接合或联接而适当地变型和改变。另外，环形齿轮61c和62c可通过在圆柱形状的壳体本体64的内表面形成齿轮来设置。
这里，将再次简要地描述减速器45。第一行星齿轮单元61的太阳齿轮61a通过齿轮被连接至与电动马达41连接的动力连接单元50的从动齿轮53，第二行星齿轮单元62的太阳齿轮62a被连接至是第一行星齿轮单元61的输出侧的齿轮架61d的中心轴。即，多个行星齿轮单元61和62以上述方式被连续地联接，最后，第二行星齿轮单元62的齿轮架62d通过使用输出轴65被连接至致动器的主轴33。
因此，根据实施例，减速器45可使是驱动源的电动马达41小型化且仍利用大力旋转主轴33。因此，当例如电动马达41的操作被停止同时执行制动时，主轴33的旋转受到减速器45的大的减速比限制，从而可以保持制动状态。
同时，如上所述的减速器45的齿轮，例如动力连接单元50的从动齿轮53、第一和第二行星齿轮单元61和62的太阳齿轮以及齿轮架的中心轴可以通过使用中心销70在相同轴上对齐。
如图3所示，中心销70的一端可旋转地联接至壳体盖56并且其另一端通过穿过行星齿轮单元60可旋转地联接至输出轴65。壳体盖56具有通孔形式的销孔使得中心销70可滑动且可旋转地安装在销孔中，并且输出轴65还具有凹进预定深度的轴孔使得中心销70可滑动且可旋转地安装在轴孔中。尽管未示出，但是轴承可以插入中心销、壳体盖和输出轴之间以便于旋转。
另外，中心销70与中心孔67间隔开并且被安装在中心孔67中，中心孔67被设置在第一行星齿轮单元61的太阳齿轮61a和齿轮架61d以及第二行星齿轮单元62的太阳齿轮62a和齿轮架62d的中心部分，并且中心销70穿过中心孔67以可滑动地旋转。
由于减速器45的中心通过中心销70来居中，其中中心销70与从动齿轮53以及第一和第二行星齿轮单元61和62的太阳齿轮和齿轮架间隔开预定的距离并且可滑动且可旋转地联接至从动齿轮53以及第一和第二行星齿轮单元61和62的太阳齿轮和齿轮架，所以当使用多个齿轮传输动力时，减速器45可有效地降低动力损失以及由齿轮的扭转引起的噪声。此外，装配减速器容易。尽管未详细地说明，但是诸如润滑油的润滑材料可在从动齿轮53的中心孔67、减速器的太阳齿轮61a和62a及齿轮架61d和62d和与其彼此间隔开的中心销70之间涂覆，以防止引入外来物质并便于平稳旋转。
具有上述结构的电子盘式制动器的制动操作按如下执行。
当驾驶员操纵设置在车辆的驾驶员座椅附近的停车开关用于制动(包括停车)时，电动马达41旋转。电动马达41的旋转通过减速器45减速并且以大力旋转主轴33。
当主轴33旋转时，螺母主轴36在轴向方向上移动，并且当螺母主轴36按压活塞31时，执行制动。
在执行制动之后，电动马达41停止操作，并且由于减速器45具有大的减速比，所以防止主轴33旋转。因此，只要电动马达41不再运转，则维持制动状态不改变。
当驾驶员释放制动时，驾驶员操纵驾驶员座椅附近的停车开关以释放制动。这里，由于电动马达41在制动的反向方向上旋转并且主轴33在制动的反向方向上旋转，所以螺母主轴36释放活塞31的按压并因此释放制动。
根据本公开的实施例，通过使用中心销将动力连接单元的齿轮和减速器的行星齿轮单元在相同轴上居中，可降低由齿轮的未对准所引起的动力损失和噪声。
另外，根据本公开的实施例，电子盘式制动器包括中心销，其可滑动地且旋转地安装在减速器内，同时与齿轮的中心间隔开使得装配方便，并且甚至当齿轮中的任何一个齿轮的联接被扭转时，影响另一齿轮的联接的可能性可被降低。
参照附图已经如上描述了公开的实施例。本公开所属的技术领域的普通技术人员将理解的是，在不改变本公开的技术精神或者基本特征的情况下，本公开可以不同于公开的实施例的方式实践。公开的实施例仅仅是说明性的，而不应理解为限制。

Claims (4)

1.一种电子盘式制动器，其包括：
盘，其被配置成随着车轮旋转；
卡钳壳体，其被配置成操作安装在所述盘的两侧处的垫板；以及
致动器，其具有：活塞，被设置在所述卡钳壳体的内部以按压所述垫板从而将所述垫板附接至所述盘；主轴，可旋转地安装在所述卡钳壳体处以使所述活塞往复运动；电动马达，被配置成旋转所述主轴；和减速器，被配置成将所述电动马达的旋转力传输至所述主轴，其中：
所述减速器包括连接至所述电动马达的动力连接单元、被配置成将所述动力连接单元连接至所述主轴的行星齿轮单元、以及被配置成穿过所述动力连接单元和所述行星齿轮单元的中心销；并且
所述中心销被安装在所述动力连接单元和所述行星齿轮单元中以相对于所述动力连接单元和所述行星齿轮单元可旋转。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电子盘式制动器，其中：
所述动力连接单元包括被设置在所述电动马达的轴处的主动齿轮及被连接至所述行星齿轮单元的从动齿轮；
所述行星齿轮单元包括用于多级减速的第一行星齿轮单元和第二行星齿轮单元；
所述第一行星齿轮单元和所述第二行星齿轮单元中的每个包括太阳齿轮、接合至所述太阳齿轮的外部的多个行星齿轮、是被配置成容纳所述行星齿轮的内齿轮的环形齿轮、以及安装为可旋转地支撑所述行星齿轮并且随着所述太阳齿轮同轴旋转并被配置成输出旋转动力的齿轮架；并且
所述中心销与中心孔间隔开并且可滑动且可旋转地设置在中心孔处，所述中心孔被设置在所述动力连接单元的从动齿轮和所述第一行星齿轮单元和第二行星齿轮单元中的每个的太阳齿轮和齿轮架的中心部分。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电子盘式制动器，其中，
所述减速器进一步包括被配置成围绕所述动力连接单元和所述行星齿轮单元的壳体盖；
所述第二行星齿轮单元的齿轮架包括联接至所述主轴的输出轴；并且
所述中心销的两端分别通过所述壳体盖和所述输出轴可旋转地支撑。
4.根据权利要求1-3中的任何一个所述的电子盘式制动器，其中在所述中心销和所述中心销穿过的减速器之间涂覆润滑油。
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