CN106977181A - 一种转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- -1 magnesium-aluminum-calcium titanium carbon Chemical compound 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- JTCFNJXQEFODHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ca].[Ti] Chemical compound [Ca].[Ti] JTCFNJXQEFODHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011339 hard pitch Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004011 methenamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims 3
- XQJMXPAEFMWDOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3exo-benzoyloxy-tropane Natural products CN1C(C2)CCC1CC2OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XQJMXPAEFMWDOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QQXLDOJGLXJCSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylnortropinone Natural products C1C(=O)CC2CCC1N2C QQXLDOJGLXJCSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QIZDQFOVGFDBKW-DHBOJHSNSA-N Pseudotropine Natural products OC1C[C@@H]2[N+](C)[C@H](C1)CC2 QIZDQFOVGFDBKW-DHBOJHSNSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims 1
- CYHOMWAPJJPNMW-JIGDXULJSA-N tropine Chemical compound C1[C@@H](O)C[C@H]2CC[C@@H]1N2C CYHOMWAPJJPNMW-JIGDXULJSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/03—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite
- C04B35/04—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite based on magnesium oxide
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Abstract
本发明涉及耐火材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖及其制备方法。一种转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖，包括以下重量份的原料：钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒20～60份；96高纯镁砂颗粒10～80份；共磨粉25～40份；结合剂2～4份。按配比将各原料混合后加入高速混碾机中进行混炼，混炼后加入钢模中压制成型得砖坯，最后通过热处理即得转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖。本发明以不同颗粒级配的钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒、96高纯镁砂颗粒为主要原料，采用结合剂，通过添加共磨粉，制成热震稳定性好、抗机械冲击强的转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖。本发明具有优良的热震稳定性、出色的抗冲击性和良好的耐腐蚀性；成本低、对环境污染小，经济环保。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着钢铁工业的迅速发展，转炉具有效率高，生产节奏快，原材料适应性好等特点，已经是目前炼钢企业十分推崇的炼钢工业炉。转炉担负着钢水的脱磷，脱碳等复杂任务。转炉炉帽是转炉的重要组成部分，不仅要经受冶炼时高温气体冲击及出钢溅渣低温氮气及出钢时冷空气造成的反复热震，而且要承载清理炉口大量粘渣造成的机械冲击。炉帽耐火材料要具有优良的热震稳定性、出色的抗冲击性和良好的耐侵蚀性。
目前转炉炉帽普遍采用镁碳砖制作，镁碳砖热震稳定性差、抗机械冲击差、原材料价格高、对环境污染严重。因为镁碳砖热震稳定性差、抗机械冲击差，转炉炉役后期炉帽部位需要大量的人力物力维护，影响转炉的效率及成本。
发明内容
为克服上述现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖及其制备方法。本发明热震稳定性好、抗机械冲击强、原材料成本低、对环境污染小。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案实现：
一种转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖，包括以下重量份的原料：
钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒 20～60份；
96高纯镁砂颗粒 10～80份；
共磨粉 25～40份；
结合剂 2～4份；
所述共磨粉为96电熔细粉、棕刚玉细粉、电熔尖晶石细粉、氧化铝微粉、金属铝粉、金属硅粉、碳化硼微粉、碳化硅微粉、石墨、高温沥青、乌洛托品中的一种或几种。
所述钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒，其AL 2O3质量百分含量为73～78％、CaO质量百分含量为8～12％、TiO2的质量百分含量为8～12％，体积密度≥3.33g/cm3；由以下重量份的不同颗粒级别的钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒混合而成：0～30份1～3mm的钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒，40～60份3～5mm的钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒。
所述96高纯镁砂颗粒其MgO质量百分含量为95～96％，SiO2质量百分含量≤5％，体积密度≥3.33g/cm3；由以下重量份的不同颗粒级别的96高纯镁砂颗粒混合而成：15～25份0～1mm的96高纯镁砂颗粒，35～50份1～3mm的96高纯镁砂颗粒，40～80份3～5mm的96高纯镁砂颗粒。
所述共磨粉包括2～4重量份的96电熔细粉、1～2重量份的高温沥青粉、1～3重量份的石墨、0.1～1.5重量份的金属硅粉、0.1～1.5重量份的碳化硅微粉、0.1～1重量份的金属铝粉、0.1～1重量份的乌洛托品。
所述96电熔细粉其MgO质量百分含量≥95％，SiO2质量百分含量≤3.4％，体积密度≥3.30g/cm3；所述96电熔细粉的粒度为180～200目。
所述石墨的粒度为80～100目，固含量的质量百分含量≥95.0％，灰份的质量百分含量≤4.5％，挥发份的质量百分含量≤1.2％，水份的质量百分含量≤0.05％。
所述金属铝粉的粒度为300～320目，AL的质量百分含量≥99.9％。
所述碳化硅微粉的粒度为3μ-5μ，SiC的质量百分含量≥99.0％。
一种转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖的制备方法，具体包括如下步骤：
(1)将骨料破碎、筛分、细磨：将钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒破碎、筛分、细磨，分出1～3mm、3～5mm两种颗粒级别的钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒；将96高纯镁砂颗粒破碎、筛分、细磨，分出0～1mm、1～3mm、3～5mm三种颗粒级别的96高纯镁砂颗粒；
(2)配料：按上述配方称取原料；
(3)混炼：混炼设备为高速混碾机，开机后先加入颗粒骨料混炼2～5分钟，然后一次性缓慢加入结合剂湿混2～3分钟，再加入鳞片石墨混1～2分钟，直至没有大量的石墨飞扬，最后加入所有共磨粉20～30分钟后出料；
(4)成型：半成品在1000吨压砖机上成型，压机要求外出砖、抽真空式，成型操作要求遵守四角扒料，先轻后重的原则进行操作；
(5)热处理：进行热处理，进窑口温度小于60℃，200℃烘烤时间大于8小时。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明以不同颗粒级配的钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒、96高纯镁砂颗粒为主要原料，采用环保结合剂，通过添加共磨粉，制成热震稳定性好、抗机械冲击强的转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖。本发明成本低、对环境污染小，经济环保。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明，但不用来限制本发明的范围：
以下列举三个实施例作为对本发明具体实施方式所用原料的具体说明，具体内容如表1所示。
表1：实施例1、实施例2、实施例3一种转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖的配料表(单位：重量百分含量％)
本发明的一种转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖的制备方法，具体包括如下步骤：
(1)将骨料破碎、筛分、细磨：将钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒破碎、筛分、细磨，分出1～3mm、3～5mm两种颗粒级别的钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒；将96高纯镁砂颗粒破碎、筛分、细磨，分出0～1mm、1～3mm、3～5mm三种颗粒级别的96高纯镁砂颗粒；
(2)配料：按表1所述配方称取原料；
(3)混炼：混炼设备为高速混碾机，开机后先加入颗粒骨料混炼2～5分钟，然后一次性缓慢加入结合剂湿混2～3分钟，再加入鳞片石墨混1～2分钟，直至没有大量的石墨飞扬，最后加入所有共磨粉20～30分钟后出料；
(4)成型：半成品在1000吨压砖机上成型，压机要求外出砖、抽真空式，成型操作要求遵守四角扒料，先轻后重的原则进行操作；
(5)热处理：进行热处理，进窑口温度小于60℃，200℃烘烤时间大于8小时。
传统转炉炉帽砖热震稳定性差、抗机械冲击差、原材料价格高、对环境污染严重。为了弥补传统转炉炉帽砖的不足，海城市中兴高档镁质砖有限公司研究开发了一种转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖。镁碳砖热震稳定性、抗冲击性强差，铝的引入可以达到好的热震稳定性及抗抗机械冲击性，但是原料特级矾土、棕刚玉、白刚玉的价格均高于3500元/吨，为了节约成本，本发明创造性的以不同颗粒级配的钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒、96高纯镁砂颗粒为主要原料，采用环保结合剂，通过添加共磨粉，制成热震稳定性好、抗机械冲击强的转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖。本发明成本低、对环境污染小，具有降低原料成本、减少资源浪费、减弱环境污染的重要意义。
本发明所述的镁铝钙钛碳砖的主要理化指标如下：MgO≥35％，Al2O3≥40％，CaO≥5％，TiO2≥5％，C≥10％。200℃烘后体积密度≥3.05g/cm3，显气孔率(200℃×24h)≤5％，耐压强度(200℃×24h)≥50MPa，线变化率(1600℃×3h)0～0.5％。本发明热震稳定性好、抗机械冲击强。本发明本产品经过100吨转炉试用，炉帽砖寿命优于常规炉帽砖，后期无需维护，使用寿命≥10000次。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖，其特征在于，包括以下重量份的原料：
钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒 20～60份；
96高纯镁砂颗粒 10～80份；
共磨粉 25～40份；
结合剂 2～4份；
所述共磨粉为96电熔细粉、棕刚玉细粉、电熔尖晶石细粉、氧化铝微粉、金属铝粉、金属硅粉、碳化硼微粉、碳化硅微粉、石墨、高温沥青、乌洛托品中的一种或几种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖，其特征在于，所述钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒，其AL2O3质量百分含量为73～78％、CaO质量百分含量为8～12％、TiO2的质量百分含量为8～12％，体积密度≥3.33g/cm3；由以下重量份的不同颗粒级别的钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒混合而成：0～30份1～3mm的钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒，40～60份3～5mm的钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖，其特征在于，所述96高纯镁砂颗粒其MgO质量百分含量为95～96％，SiO2质量百分含量≤5％，体积密度≥3.33g/cm3；由以下重量份的不同颗粒级别的96高纯镁砂颗粒混合而成：15～25份0～1mm的96高纯镁砂颗粒，35～50份1～3mm的96高纯镁砂颗粒，40～80份3～5mm的96高纯镁砂颗粒。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖，其特征在于，所述共磨粉包括2～4重量份的96电熔细粉、1～2重量份的高温沥青粉、1～3重量份的石墨、0.1～1.5重量份的金属硅粉、0.1～1.5重量份的碳化硅微粉、0.1～1重量份的金属铝粉、0.1～1重量份的乌洛托品。
5.根据权利要求1或4所述的一种转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖，其特征在于，所述96电熔细粉其MgO质量百分含量≥95％，SiO2质量百分含量≤3.4％，体积密度≥3.30g/cm3；所述96电熔细粉的粒度为180～200目。
6.根据权利要求1或4所述的一种转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖，其特征在于，所述石墨的粒度为80～100目，固含量的质量百分含量≥95.0％，灰份的质量百分含量≤4.5％，挥发份的质量百分含量≤1.2％，水份的质量百分含量≤0.05％。
7.根据权利要求1或4所述的一种转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖，其特征在于，所述金属铝粉的粒度为300～320目，AL的质量百分含量≥99.9％。
8.根据权利要求1或4所述的一种转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖，其特征在于，所述碳化硅微粉的粒度为3μ-5μ，SiC的质量百分含量≥99.0％。
9.一种根据权利要求1所述的转炉炉帽用镁铝钙钛碳砖的制备方法，其特征在于，具体包括如下步骤：
(1)将骨料破碎、筛分、细磨：将钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒破碎、筛分、细磨，分出1～3mm、3～5mm两种颗粒级别的钛铝酸钙废渣颗粒；将96高纯镁砂颗粒破碎、筛分、细磨，分出0～1mm、1～3mm、3～5mm三种颗粒级别的96高纯镁砂颗粒；
(2)配料：按权利要求1-8所述配方称取原料；
(3)混炼：混炼设备为高速混碾机，开机后先加入颗粒骨料混炼2～5分钟，然后一次性缓慢加入结合剂湿混2～3分钟，再加入鳞片石墨混1～2分钟，直至没有大量的石墨飞扬，最后加入所有共磨粉20～30分钟后出料；
(4)成型：半成品在1000吨压砖机上成型，压机要求外出砖、抽真空式，成型操作要求遵守四角扒料，先轻后重的原则进行操作；
(5)热处理：进行热处理，进窑口温度小于60℃，200℃烘烤时间大于8小时。
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