CN106978721A - A kind of preparation method of long-acting antibiotic textile - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of long-acting antibiotic textile Download PDF

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CN106978721A
CN106978721A CN201710173486.2A CN201710173486A CN106978721A CN 106978721 A CN106978721 A CN 106978721A CN 201710173486 A CN201710173486 A CN 201710173486A CN 106978721 A CN106978721 A CN 106978721A
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textile
antibacterial
chitosan
textiles
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岳新霞
蒋芳
宁晚娥
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Guangxi University of Science and Technology
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/03Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M10/00Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. by ultrasonic waves, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/003Treatment with radio-waves or microwaves
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M10/00Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. by ultrasonic waves, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/02Sonic or ultrasonic waves; Corona discharge
    • D06M10/025Corona discharge or low temperature plasma
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/58Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides
    • D06M11/64Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides with nitrogen oxides; with oxyacids of nitrogen or their salts
    • D06M11/65Salts of oxyacids of nitrogen
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/68Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof
    • D06M11/70Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof with oxides of phosphorus; with hypophosphorous, phosphorous or phosphoric acids or their salts
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/83Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/184Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • D06M13/207Substituted carboxylic acids, e.g. by hydroxy or keto groups; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种长效抗菌纺织品的制备方法,具体过程如下:先对纺织品进行退浆或精炼处理,然后采用低温等离子体对纺织品进行预处理;将经过预处理的纺织品于室温下在壳聚糖溶液与硝酸银溶液组成的混合整理液中浸渍10~30分钟,取出后轧去多余整理液,轧余率为100~150%,将浸渍了整理液的纺织品移入微波设备中处理一定时间,反应结束后取出,水洗,晾干即得到抗菌纺织品。本发明所制备的抗菌纺织品抗菌性能优异,耐洗涤,达到持久抗菌的效果,且制备技术工艺简单,化学污染少;克服了现有技术中存在的工艺复杂,纳米银稳定性差,抗菌耐久性不好等问题。The invention discloses a preparation method of long-acting antibacterial textiles. The specific process is as follows: firstly desizing or refining the textiles, and then using low-temperature plasma to pretreat the textiles; Immerse in the mixed finishing solution composed of polysaccharide solution and silver nitrate solution for 10-30 minutes, take it out and squeeze off the excess finishing solution, the excess rate is 100-150%, move the textile impregnated with the finishing solution into microwave equipment for treatment for a certain period of time , after the reaction is finished, take it out, wash it with water, and dry it to obtain an antibacterial textile. The antibacterial textile prepared by the present invention has excellent antibacterial performance, is resistant to washing, achieves a lasting antibacterial effect, and has simple preparation technology and less chemical pollution; it overcomes the complicated process existing in the prior art, poor stability of nano-silver, and poor antibacterial durability. Waiting for the question.

Description

一种长效抗菌纺织品的制备方法A kind of preparation method of long-acting antibacterial textile

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种抗菌纺织品的制备方法,特别是一种长效抗菌纺织品的制备方法,属于纺织品功能整理技术领域。The invention relates to a preparation method of antibacterial textiles, in particular to a preparation method of long-acting antibacterial textiles, belonging to the technical field of textile functional finishing.

背景技术Background technique

日常生活中,人们不可避免地会接触到各类微生物,这些微生物会对人类健康造成威胁。随着化学技术和人们生活质量的提高,各类抗菌材料层出不穷。纳米技术的出现,使贵金属银粒子在纳米尺寸下的杀菌能力产生了质的飞跃,纳米银具有广谱抗菌且不易产生耐药性,具有高效、安全、稳定性高的优点。银系抗菌剂在医疗卫生、纺织、食品、环境等领域广泛应用。壳聚糖是一种天然有机抗菌剂,具有广谱抗菌性,对霉菌、细菌都有很好的抗菌性能,对人体无毒、无刺激,可生物降解。近年来抗菌纺织品的需求在国内外呈现快速增长势头,目前抗菌纺织品的生产主要有两种方式,用抗菌纤维生产抗菌纺织品或用抗菌剂对纺织品进行抗菌整理,其中利用抗菌剂对纺织品进行整理是一种简单易行的方法。In daily life, people will inevitably come into contact with various microorganisms, which pose a threat to human health. With the improvement of chemical technology and people's quality of life, various antibacterial materials emerge in an endless stream. The emergence of nanotechnology has brought about a qualitative leap in the bactericidal ability of precious metal silver particles at the nanometer size. Nano silver has broad-spectrum antibacterial properties and is not easy to produce drug resistance. It has the advantages of high efficiency, safety and high stability. Silver-based antibacterial agents are widely used in medical and health, textile, food, environment and other fields. Chitosan is a natural organic antibacterial agent with broad-spectrum antibacterial properties, good antibacterial properties against molds and bacteria, non-toxic and non-irritating to the human body, and biodegradable. In recent years, the demand for antibacterial textiles has shown a rapid growth momentum at home and abroad. At present, there are two main ways to produce antibacterial textiles. Antibacterial fibers are used to produce antibacterial textiles or antibacterial agents are used for antibacterial finishing of textiles. Among them, the use of antibacterial agents for textile finishing is A simple and easy way to do it.

目前银系抗菌纺织品的制备方法,主要包括两类,一类是先制备出稳定的纳米银溶液,在一定条件下将纺织品在纳米银溶液中处理,使得纳米银吸附到纺织品表面而获得,如在专利《一种抗菌无纺布的制备方法及制备用浸轧液》中公开了一种纳米银整理抗菌无纺布的制备方法,一定量的纳米银溶胶和PEG-400、PVP以及丙烯酸组成抗菌整理液,其中纳米银是主抗菌剂,PEG-400、PVP以及丙烯酸作为抗菌整理过程的稳定剂,对无纺布进行浸渍压轧处理,从而获得纳米银抗菌无纺布;另一类是通过在纺织品表面原位生成纳米银,获得纳米银抗菌纺织品,如专利《一种纳米银抗菌纺织品及其制备方法》中公开了一种抗菌纺织品的制备方法,将纺织品浸入含有硝酸银、还原剂和2-氨基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯盐酸盐的混合溶液中,然后采用高能射线辐照纺织品,使得纳米银粒子在纺织品表面原位生成。这两类方法均有一定的缺点,前一种方法工艺流程较长,包含纳米银制备和整理纺织品两个步骤,且存在纳米银与纺织品结合牢度较低,抗菌性耐久性差的问题,第二种方法也需要选择合适的还原剂、分散剂、稳定剂以及助剂等来制备抗菌纺织品。壳聚糖抗菌纺织品的制备,通常是将壳聚糖或壳聚糖衍生物溶解制备成溶液,对纺织品进行浸渍处理或与纺织品交联制备抗菌纺织品。At present, the preparation methods of silver-based antibacterial textiles mainly include two types, one is to prepare a stable nano-silver solution first, and the textiles are processed in the nano-silver solution under certain conditions, so that the nano-silver is adsorbed to the surface of the textile and obtained, such as In the patent "Preparation Method of Antibacterial Non-woven Fabric and Padding Solution for Preparation", a preparation method of nano-silver finishing anti-bacterial non-woven fabric is disclosed. A certain amount of nano-silver sol is composed of PEG-400, PVP and acrylic acid. Antibacterial finishing solution, in which nano-silver is the main antibacterial agent, PEG-400, PVP and acrylic acid are used as stabilizers in the antibacterial finishing process, and the non-woven fabric is impregnated and rolled to obtain nano-silver antibacterial non-woven fabric; the other is Nano-silver antibacterial textiles are obtained by in-situ generating nano-silver on the surface of textiles. For example, the patent "A Nano-silver Antibacterial Textile and Its Preparation Method" discloses a preparation method of antibacterial textiles. The textiles are immersed in silver nitrate, reducing agent and 2-aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride, and then irradiate the textile with high-energy rays, so that the nano-silver particles are generated in situ on the surface of the textile. These two types of methods all have certain shortcomings. The former method has a long process flow, including two steps of preparing nano-silver and finishing textiles, and has the problems of low bonding fastness between nano-silver and textiles, and poor antibacterial durability. The two methods also need to select suitable reducing agents, dispersants, stabilizers and auxiliary agents to prepare antibacterial textiles. The preparation of chitosan antibacterial textiles usually involves dissolving chitosan or chitosan derivatives to prepare a solution, and then impregnating the textiles or cross-linking with the textiles to prepare antibacterial textiles.

纳米银有许多优点,但是其粒径小、表面能高、化学性质活泼,易发生团聚和氧化,从而影响其抗菌效果。壳聚糖的抗菌性能受到pH值、分子量和脱乙酰度的影响,如壳聚糖在酸性条件下抗菌性较好,而在中性或碱性环境下的抗菌性大大减弱。另外,纳米银属于溶出型抗菌剂,随着纺织品使用时间和洗涤次数的增加,其抗菌性能会不断下降,而壳聚糖为非溶出型抗菌剂,如将纳米银与壳聚糖结合,一方面壳聚糖长分子链可与纳米银发生作用来稳定纳米银,另一方面纳米银与壳聚糖协同作用,可以克服壳聚糖在中性或碱性环境中抗菌性差的缺点,实现长效优异的抗菌性能。浙江大学硕士论文《壳聚糖纳米银溶液的制备及其在棉织物上的应用》一文中,以硼氢化钠为还原剂,以壳聚糖为稳定剂与硝酸银作用,制备了壳聚糖纳米银溶液,然后用浸渍法对棉织物进行抗菌整理。该制备方法也存在纳米银与棉织物结合牢度不高,耐洗性差以及纳米银溶液利用低的缺点。Nano-silver has many advantages, but its small particle size, high surface energy, active chemical properties, easy to agglomerate and oxidize, thus affecting its antibacterial effect. The antibacterial properties of chitosan are affected by pH value, molecular weight and degree of deacetylation. For example, chitosan has better antibacterial properties under acidic conditions, but its antibacterial properties are greatly weakened under neutral or alkaline environments. In addition, nano-silver is a dissolution-type antibacterial agent. With the increase of textile use time and washing times, its antibacterial performance will continue to decline, while chitosan is a non-dissolution type antibacterial agent. If nano-silver is combined with chitosan, a On the one hand, the long molecular chain of chitosan can interact with nano-silver to stabilize nano-silver. On the other hand, the synergistic effect of nano-silver and chitosan can overcome the shortcoming of chitosan's poor antibacterial properties in neutral or alkaline environments, and achieve long-term antibacterial properties. Excellent antibacterial properties. In the master's thesis of Zhejiang University "Preparation of Chitosan Nano-Silver Solution and Its Application on Cotton Fabrics", chitosan was prepared by using sodium borohydride as reducing agent, chitosan as stabilizer and silver nitrate. Nano-silver solution, followed by antibacterial finishing of cotton fabrics by dipping. The preparation method also has the disadvantages of low bonding fastness between the nano-silver and cotton fabric, poor washing resistance and low utilization of the nano-silver solution.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明要解决的技术问题是:克服现有技术中存在的工艺复杂,纳米银稳定性差,抗菌耐久性不好等问题,提供一种简便易行的长效抗菌纺织品的制备方法,本发明的特点是工艺简单,制备的抗菌纺织品具有抗菌性强且耐久性好的优点。The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: to overcome the complex process existing in the prior art, the poor stability of nano-silver, and the poor antibacterial durability, etc., to provide a simple and easy preparation method for long-acting antibacterial textiles. The characteristic is that the process is simple, and the prepared antibacterial textile has the advantages of strong antibacterial property and good durability.

解决上述技术问题的技术方案是:一种长效抗菌纺织品的制备方法,先对纺织品进行退浆或精炼处理,然后采用低温等离子体对纺织品进行预处理;将经过预处理的纺织品于室温下在壳聚糖溶液与硝酸银溶液组成的混合整理液中浸渍10~30分钟,取出后轧去多余整理液,轧余率为100~150%,将浸渍了整理液的纺织品移入微波设备中采用微波处理一定时间,反应结束后取出,水洗,晾干即得到抗菌纺织品;The technical solution to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a preparation method of long-acting antibacterial textiles, first desizing or refining the textiles, and then using low-temperature plasma to pretreat the textiles; Immerse in the mixed finishing solution composed of chitosan solution and silver nitrate solution for 10-30 minutes, take it out and squeeze off the excess finishing solution, the excess rate is 100-150%, move the textile soaked in the finishing solution into the microwave equipment Treat for a certain period of time, take it out after the reaction is over, wash with water, and dry to obtain antibacterial textiles;

采用低温等离子体对纺织品进行预处理是以空气、氧气、氮气或氨气作为介质,低温等离子体工作气压为30~60Pa,输出功率为100~300W,处理时间2~8min;Low-temperature plasma is used to pretreat textiles with air, oxygen, nitrogen or ammonia as the medium. The working pressure of low-temperature plasma is 30-60Pa, the output power is 100-300W, and the treatment time is 2-8 minutes;

所述的混合整理液的配制方法如下:先配制质量分数0.5~2%的壳聚糖溶液和Ag+浓度为0.001~0.01mol/L的硝酸银水溶液,将硝酸银水溶液与壳聚糖溶液混合得到混合溶液,控制硝酸银溶液与壳聚糖溶液的体积比为1:10~50,然后将次亚磷酸钠加入上述混合溶液中,搅拌溶解并混合均匀,控制次亚磷酸钠的质量分数为1~5%,得到混合整理液。The preparation method of the mixed finishing solution is as follows: first prepare a chitosan solution with a mass fraction of 0.5-2% and an aqueous silver nitrate solution with an Ag + concentration of 0.001-0.01mol/L, and then mix the aqueous silver nitrate solution with the chitosan solution To obtain a mixed solution, control the volume ratio of the silver nitrate solution to the chitosan solution to be 1:10-50, then add sodium hypophosphite into the above mixed solution, stir to dissolve and mix evenly, and control the mass fraction of sodium hypophosphite to 1 to 5%, to obtain a mixed finishing solution.

所述的纺织品为棉、麻、粘胶、蚕丝、羊毛、大豆蛋白纤维、蚕蛹蛋白纤维或含有上述纤维的混纺机织物、针织物或非织造纺织品。The textiles are cotton, linen, viscose, silk, wool, soybean protein fiber, silkworm chrysalis protein fiber or blended woven fabrics, knitted fabrics or non-woven textiles containing the above fibers.

微波处理的工艺参数为:微波功率为600~1000W,处理时间3~10min。The process parameters of microwave treatment are: microwave power is 600-1000W, and treatment time is 3-10min.

壳聚糖溶液的配制采用现有技术,即将壳聚糖分散于质量分数为2~8%的柠檬酸水溶液中,先超声处理30~60min,然后在50℃下磁力搅拌直至溶解,壳聚糖的质量分数控制为0.5~2%。The preparation of the chitosan solution adopts the existing technology, that is, the chitosan is dispersed in the citric acid aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 2-8%, and the ultrasonic treatment is performed for 30-60 minutes, and then magnetically stirred at 50°C until it dissolves. The mass fraction is controlled at 0.5-2%.

本发明的原理是:纺织品经过等离子体处理后使得纺织纤维具有更高的化学活性,等离子体处理后纺织纤维表面适当粗化,以利于对整理液的吸附和化学反应。经低温等离子体处理的纺织品浸渍整理液,在微波辐射加热条件下Ag+与纤维素或蛋白质作用而成为单质银,在此过程中纤维素或蛋白质既是还原剂又是分散剂,纤维作为纳米银生长的模板,得到粒径比较均匀且分散的纳米银;另外壳聚糖借助柠檬酸和次亚磷酸钠的作用与纺织纤维发生交联而牢固结合,壳聚糖在纤维表面形成抗菌膜。纳米银被壳聚糖分子包缠或包裹,在稳定纳米银粒子的同时,对纳米银粒子的溶出起缓释作用,使得纺织品的抗菌效果更持久。The principle of the invention is: the textile fiber has higher chemical activity after the plasma treatment, and the surface of the textile fiber is properly roughened after the plasma treatment, so as to facilitate the adsorption and chemical reaction of the finishing liquid. After low-temperature plasma treatment of textile impregnating finishing liquid, Ag + reacts with cellulose or protein under the condition of microwave radiation heating to become elemental silver. In this process, cellulose or protein is both a reducing agent and a dispersing agent, and the fiber acts as a The growth template can obtain nano-silver with relatively uniform particle size and dispersion; in addition, chitosan is cross-linked with textile fibers by the action of citric acid and sodium hypophosphite and is firmly combined, and chitosan forms an antibacterial film on the surface of the fiber. Nano-silver is wrapped or encapsulated by chitosan molecules. While stabilizing nano-silver particles, it also slows down the dissolution of nano-silver particles, making the antibacterial effect of textiles more durable.

由于采用上述技术方案,本发明所制备的抗菌纺织品抗菌性能优异,耐洗涤,达到持久抗菌的效果,且制备技术工艺简单,化学污染少,其有益效果分述如下:Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the antibacterial textiles prepared by the present invention have excellent antibacterial performance, are resistant to washing, and achieve a durable antibacterial effect, and the preparation technology is simple, and the chemical pollution is less. Its beneficial effects are as follows:

(1)采用低温等离子体处理纺织品,提高纤维的反应活性和亲水性,使纺织品表面适当粗化,提高纺织品对整理液的吸附以及对Ag+的还原能力和对壳聚糖的交联作用,另外等离子体技术无化学污染。(1) Use low-temperature plasma to treat textiles, improve the reactivity and hydrophilicity of fibers, make the surface of textiles properly rough, and improve the adsorption of textiles to finishing liquid, the reduction ability of Ag + and the crosslinking effect of chitosan , Another plasma technology without chemical pollution.

(2)纳米银和壳聚糖协同作用,充分发挥二者的抗菌性能,实现对纺织品的高效抗菌。(2) The synergistic effect of nano-silver and chitosan can give full play to the antibacterial performance of the two, and realize the high-efficiency antibacterial effect on textiles.

(3)壳聚糖借助柠檬酸的交联作用而涂覆在纺织品表面,纳米银粒子被壳聚糖长分子链包缠或被壳聚糖膜所包裹,稳定纳米银粒子,并对纳米银的溶出起到缓释作用,从而使得纺织品的抗菌性能能够更持久和稳定。(3) Chitosan is coated on the surface of textiles by means of the cross-linking effect of citric acid, and nano-silver particles are wrapped by chitosan long molecular chains or wrapped by chitosan film, which stabilizes nano-silver particles and protects nano-silver particles. The dissolution of the textile plays a slow-release effect, so that the antibacterial performance of the textile can be more durable and stable.

(4)制备工艺简单易行。(4) The preparation process is simple and easy.

下面,结合实施例对本发明的技术特征做进一步说明。Below, the technical features of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments.

具体实施方式detailed description

实施例1Example 1

将壳聚糖分散在5%的柠檬酸水溶液中,控制壳聚糖的质量分数为2%,先超声分散60min,然后在50℃下磁力搅拌直至溶解,为壳聚糖溶液;用纯水配制硝酸银溶液,Ag+浓度为0.005mol/L;将硝酸银溶液与壳聚糖溶液混合,控制硝酸银溶液与壳聚糖溶液的体积比为1:30,然后将次亚磷酸钠加入上述混合溶液中,搅拌溶解并混合均匀,控制次亚磷酸钠的质量分数为4%,得到混合整理液。Disperse chitosan in 5% citric acid aqueous solution, control the mass fraction of chitosan to 2%, first ultrasonically disperse for 60 minutes, and then magnetically stir at 50°C until dissolved, then it is chitosan solution; prepare with pure water Silver nitrate solution, Ag + concentration is 0.005mol/L; mix silver nitrate solution and chitosan solution, control the volume ratio of silver nitrate solution and chitosan solution to 1:30, then add sodium hypophosphite to the above mixture In the solution, stir to dissolve and mix evenly, control the mass fraction of sodium hypophosphite to 4%, and obtain a mixed finishing solution.

对棉织物进行退浆或精炼,然后采用氮低温等离子体对其进行处理,工作气压为50 Pa,功率为250W,处理时间3min;将经过低温等离子体处理的棉织物在混合整理液中室温浸渍20分钟,取出后轧去多余整理液,轧余率为100%;将浸渍了整理液的纺织品移入微波设备中处理,工艺参数为微波功率800W,处理时间8min。取出水洗,晾干,即得到性能优良的抗菌纺织品。Desizing or refining the cotton fabric, and then treating it with nitrogen low-temperature plasma, the working pressure is 50 Pa, the power is 250W, and the treatment time is 3 minutes; the cotton fabric treated with low-temperature plasma is immersed in the mixed finishing solution at room temperature After 20 minutes, take it out and squeeze off the excess finishing solution, the excess rate is 100%; move the textile impregnated with the finishing solution into the microwave equipment for processing, the process parameters are microwave power 800W, and the processing time is 8min. Take it out, wash it with water, and dry it to get an antibacterial textile with excellent performance.

根据GB/T20944.3-2008《纺织品 抗菌性能的评价 第三部分:震荡法》对整理后纺织品进行抗菌性测试,该棉织物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌的抑菌率分别达到99.6%、99.4%和95.2%;在标准规定条件下水洗50次后,对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌的抑菌率仍然保留为97.9%、96.3%和90.4%,均符合抗菌纺织品的技术要求。According to GB/T20944.3-2008 "Evaluation of Antibacterial Properties of Textiles Part III: Oscillating Method", the antibacterial test of the finished textiles was carried out. The antibacterial rates of the cotton fabrics against Staphylococcus aureus, E. Reached 99.6%, 99.4% and 95.2%; after washing 50 times under standard conditions, the bacteriostatic rate against Staphylococcus aureus, E. Technical requirements for antimicrobial textiles.

实施例2Example 2

将壳聚糖分散在3%的柠檬酸水溶液中,控制壳聚糖的质量分数为1%,先超声分散60min,然后在50℃下磁力搅拌直至溶解,为壳聚糖溶液;用纯水配制硝酸银溶液,Ag+浓度为0.002mol/L;将硝酸银溶液与壳聚糖溶液混合,控制硝酸银溶液与壳聚糖溶液的体积比为1:40,然后将次亚磷酸钠加入上述混合溶液中,搅拌溶解并混合均匀,控制次亚磷酸钠的质量分数为3%,得到混合整理液。Disperse chitosan in 3% citric acid aqueous solution, control the mass fraction of chitosan to 1%, first ultrasonically disperse for 60 minutes, and then magnetically stir at 50°C until dissolved, then it is chitosan solution; prepare with pure water Silver nitrate solution, Ag + concentration is 0.002mol/L; mix silver nitrate solution and chitosan solution, control the volume ratio of silver nitrate solution and chitosan solution to 1:40, then add sodium hypophosphite to the above mixture In the solution, stir to dissolve and mix evenly, control the mass fraction of sodium hypophosphite to 3%, and obtain a mixed finishing solution.

对桑蚕丝织物进行精炼,然后采用氧低温等离子体对其进行处理,工作气压为30Pa,功率为200W,处理时间2min;将经过等离子体处理的棉织物在混合整理液中室温浸渍30分钟,取出后轧去多余整理液,轧余率为100%;将浸渍了整理液的纺织品移入微波设备中处理,工艺参数为微波功率600W,处理时间5min。取出水洗,晾干,即得到性能优良的抗菌纺织品。Refining the mulberry silk fabric, and then treating it with oxygen low-temperature plasma, the working pressure is 30Pa, the power is 200W, and the treatment time is 2min; the cotton fabric treated with plasma is immersed in the mixed finishing solution for 30 minutes at room temperature, and taken out Afterwards, excess finishing solution is rolled off, and the excess rate is 100%; the textile impregnated with finishing solution is moved into microwave equipment for processing, and the process parameters are microwave power 600W, and processing time is 5 minutes. Take it out, wash it with water, and dry it to get an antibacterial textile with excellent performance.

根据GB/T20944.3-2008《纺织品 抗菌性能的评价 第三部分:震荡法》对整理后纺织品进行抗菌性测试,该棉织物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌的抑菌率分别达到99.2%、98.4%和93.1%;在标准规定条件下水洗50次后,对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌的抑菌率仍然保留为95.9%、93.6%和88.9%,均符合抗菌纺织品的技术要求。According to GB/T20944.3-2008 "Evaluation of Antibacterial Properties of Textiles Part III: Oscillating Method", the antibacterial test of the finished textiles was carried out. The antibacterial rates of the cotton fabrics against Staphylococcus aureus, E. Reached 99.2%, 98.4% and 93.1%; after washing 50 times under standard conditions, the bacteriostatic rate against Staphylococcus aureus, E. Technical requirements for antimicrobial textiles.

实施例3Example 3

将壳聚糖分散在5%的柠檬酸水溶液中,控制壳聚糖的质量分数为2%,先超声分散30min,然后在50℃下磁力搅拌直至溶解,为壳聚糖溶液;用纯水配制硝酸银溶液,Ag+浓度为0.01mol/L;将硝酸银溶液与壳聚糖溶液混合,控制硝酸银溶液与壳聚糖溶液的体积比为1:50,然后将次亚磷酸钠加入上述混合溶液中,搅拌溶解并混合均匀,控制次亚磷酸钠的质量分数为5%,得到混合整理液。Disperse chitosan in 5% citric acid aqueous solution, control the mass fraction of chitosan to 2%, ultrasonically disperse for 30 minutes, and then magnetically stir at 50°C until dissolved, then it is chitosan solution; prepare with pure water Silver nitrate solution, Ag + concentration is 0.01mol/L; mix silver nitrate solution and chitosan solution, control the volume ratio of silver nitrate solution and chitosan solution to 1:50, then add sodium hypophosphite to the above mixture In the solution, stir to dissolve and mix evenly, control the mass fraction of sodium hypophosphite to 5%, and obtain a mixed finishing solution.

对蚕蛹蛋白织物进行精炼处理,然后采用氧低温等离子体对其进行处理,工作气压为30 Pa,功率为150W,处理时间2min;将经过等离子体处理的棉织物在混合整理液中室温浸渍30分钟,取出后轧去多余整理液,轧余率为120%;将浸渍了整理液的纺织品移入微波设备中处理,工艺参数为微波功率600W,处理时间10min。取出水洗,晾干,即得到性能优良的抗菌纺织品。The silkworm chrysalis protein fabric is refined, and then treated with oxygen low-temperature plasma, the working pressure is 30 Pa, the power is 150W, and the treatment time is 2 minutes; the cotton fabric treated with plasma is immersed in the mixed finishing solution for 30 minutes at room temperature After taking it out, roll off the excess finishing solution, and the excess rate is 120%; move the textile impregnated with the finishing solution into a microwave equipment for processing, the process parameters are microwave power 600W, and the processing time is 10min. Take it out, wash it with water, and dry it to get an antibacterial textile with excellent performance.

根据GB/T20944.3-2008《纺织品 抗菌性能的评价 第三部分:震荡法》对整理后织物进行抗菌性测试,该织物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌的抑菌率分别达到99.8%、99.6%和95.7%;在标准规定条件下水洗50次后,对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌的抑菌率仍然保留为99.6%、97.9%和90.8%,均符合抗菌纺织品的技术要求。According to GB/T20944.3-2008 "Evaluation of Antibacterial Performance of Textiles Part III: Oscillation Method", the antibacterial test of the finished fabric was carried out. The antibacterial rate of the fabric to Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli and Candida albicans reached 99.8%, 99.6% and 95.7%; after washing 50 times under standard conditions, the bacteriostatic rate against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans remains at 99.6%, 97.9% and 90.8%, all of which meet the requirements of antibacterial Technical requirements for textiles.

本发明所述的退浆或精炼处理属于现有技术,此处不再赘述。The desizing or refining treatment described in the present invention belongs to the prior art and will not be repeated here.

本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例,而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡是属于本发明的技术方案所引申出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之列。The above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. All the implementation manners cannot be exhaustively listed here. All obvious changes or changes derived from the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of preparation method of long-acting antibiotic textile, it is characterised in that:Desizing or refining treatment first are carried out to textile, so Textile is pre-processed using low temperature plasma afterwards;By the textile by pretreatment at room temperature in chitosan solution Impregnated 10~30 minutes in the mixing dressing liquid constituted with silver nitrate solution, unnecessary dressing liquid is rolled after taking-up, pick-up is 100 ~150%, use microwave treatment certain time, reaction to be taken after terminating in microwave equipment by being moved into impregnated of the textile of dressing liquid Go out, wash, dry and obtain antibacterial fabric;
It is low temperature etc. using air, oxygen, nitrogen or ammonia as medium to use low temperature plasma to carry out pretreatment to textile Gas ions operating air pressure is 30~60Pa, and power output is 100~300W, 2~8min of processing time;
The compound method of described mixing dressing liquid is as follows:First prepare the chitosan solution and Ag of mass fraction 0.5~2%+Concentration For 0.001~0.01mol/L silver nitrate aqueous solution, silver nitrate aqueous solution and chitosan solution are mixed to get mixed solution, The volume ratio for controlling silver nitrate solution and chitosan solution is 1:10~50, sodium hypophosphite is then added into above-mentioned mixed solution In, stirring and dissolving is simultaneously well mixed, and the mass fraction for controlling sodium hypophosphite is 1~5%, obtains mixing dressing liquid.
2. a kind of preparation method of long-acting antibiotic textile according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described textile For cotton, fiber crops, viscose glue, silk, wool, soybean fiber, silkworm protein fiber or mixed machine fabric, pin containing above-mentioned fiber Fabric or nonwoven textiles.
3. a kind of preparation method of long-acting antibiotic textile according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The work of microwave treatment Skill parameter is:Microwave power is 600~1000W, 3~10min of processing time.
4. a kind of preparation method of long-acting antibiotic textile according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that:Shell gathers The preparation of sugar juice uses prior art, i.e., chitosan is scattered in the aqueous citric acid solution that mass fraction is 2~8%, first surpassed 30~60min of sonication, then magnetic agitation is until dissolve at 50 DEG C, and the mass fraction control of chitosan is 0.5~2%.
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