CN106987724A - 一种从低铁铝精矿溶铝渣中固化硅的方法 - Google Patents
一种从低铁铝精矿溶铝渣中固化硅的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- HYXGAEYDKFCVMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Sc]O[Sc]=O HYXGAEYDKFCVMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019714 Nb2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011978 dissolution method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001648 diaspore Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233805 Phoenix Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001569 aluminium mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014483 powder concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0015—Obtaining aluminium by wet processes
- C22B21/0023—Obtaining aluminium by wet processes from waste materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1236—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching
- C22B34/124—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching using acidic solutions or liquors
- C22B34/125—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching using acidic solutions or liquors containing a sulfur ion as active agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B59/00—Obtaining rare earth metals
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Abstract
一种从低铁铝精矿溶铝渣中固化硅的方法，包括如下步骤：用一种特殊的酸溶方法，所述酸溶方法是先加水调浆料，再加硫酸搅拌，快速转移进烧杯，加水浸出，把低铁铝精矿溶铝渣中的硅固化在渣里，使其他有价金属元素得以溶出，并实现固液分离。本发明工艺简单、脱硅率高，有价金属浸出率高，使铝精矿溶铝渣得到了综合回收利用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种低铁铝精矿溶铝渣中固化硅的方法，属于硫铁矿资源综合利用技术领域。
背景技术
广西某地区硫铁矿中除含有黄铁矿矿物外,伴生有一水硬铝石、叶蜡石、绿泥石、高岭石、锐钛矿等矿物，以及伴生镓、钪、铌等稀贵金属成分，具有贫、杂、细等特点。经国内科研院校科技攻关，确定了东巴凤硫铁矿选矿工艺路线，可完全利用硫铁矿原矿，分别选出硫精矿、铝精矿、叶腊石粉精矿和耐火粘土等四类合格产品，实现无尾化选矿。科技攻关表明：该硫铁矿的质量好，硫含量49.32％，硫回收率大于97％，制酸后烧渣中铁含量大于63％；铝精矿的铝硅比(Al2O3/SiO2即A/S)达6.92、Al2O3含量69.22％、铝精矿产率大于16％，该铝精矿具有高铝低铁特点，有用铝矿物主要为一水硬铝石。
广西冶金研究院有限公司对该低铁铝精矿进行了综合化利用研究，提出了“拜耳法熔铝-溶铝渣-选择性酸浸-氯转化-碱转化-碱溶-酸溶-水解-萃取”工艺，工艺流程顺畅，使低铁铝精矿得以整体资源化综合利用，工业废水循环利用、废渣有出路，经济效益良好。
硅在低铁铝精矿溶铝渣资源综合回收过程中，不利于有价金属的综合回收。优先分离除硅不仅利于回收有价金属，还能节约成本。但在酸性条件下，溶液中的硅容易聚合成硅凝胶，它能包裹有价金属并降低有价金属的浸出率，而且还会使过滤过程难以进行，增加生产成本。因此，有必要寻找出一种新的除硅工艺。
发明内容
本发明提出一种从低铁铝精矿溶铝渣中固化硅的方法，能够将硅固化在渣里，使其他有价金属元素得以溶出，并实现固液分离。
本发明采用的技术方案是：一种从低铁铝精矿溶铝渣中固化硅的方法，包括如下步骤：
原料铝精矿的主要成分和质量百分含量为：Al2O3 62.56％、SiO2 11.94％、TiO25.11％、TFe 0.65％、Nb2O3 0.022％、Sc2O3 48g/t，Ga 0.0018％，稀土总量0.029％，
原料铝精矿溶铝渣的主要成分和质量百分含量为：Al2O3 24.22％、SiO2 19.44％、TiO2 8.53％、Fe 1.62％、Nb 0.025％、Sc2O3 77g/t，稀土总量0.0518％，
(1)溶铝渣调浆：先称取一定量的溶铝渣，按水与溶铝渣的体积/重量比＝0.5～2/1的比例加入水，把溶铝渣搅拌成浆状；
(2)硫酸熟化：按硫酸与溶铝渣的体积/重量比＝0.5～1.5/1的比例称取工业浓硫酸，并加入到溶铝渣浆液中，过程迅速搅拌均匀；
(3)水浸：按水与溶铝渣的体积/重量比＝3～8/1的比例量取水，并加入到反应液中搅拌反应30～120分钟，过滤，洗涤，得到浸出渣及浸出液，硅留在浸出渣中被脱除。
所述步骤(1)中的溶铝渣为低铁铝精矿经碱溶浸出后的尾渣料。
除另有说明外，本发明所述的百分比均为质量百分比，各组分含量百分数之和为100％。液固比是指液体的体积与固体的重量比。
附图说明
图1是本发明所述的从低铁铝精矿溶铝渣中固化硅的方法的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细说明。
实施例1
本发明所述的从低铁铝精矿溶铝渣中固化硅的方法的一个实例，包括如下步骤：
第一步，先称取100g溶铝渣于烧杯中，加入100ml水并搅拌均匀，调浆。
第二步，在强烈搅拌条件下缓慢加入70ml的工业级浓硫酸，搅拌反应5分钟。
第三步，再迅速加入400ml水，搅拌反应40分钟，得到的矿浆进行过滤分离。滤液中，硅浸出率仅为0.13％，而且过滤过程中没有产生硅凝胶，过滤过程简单。
实施例2
本发明所述的从低铁铝精矿溶铝渣中固化硅的方法的另一个实例，包括如下步骤：
第一步，先称取100g溶铝渣于烧杯中，加入150ml水并搅拌均匀，调浆。
第二步，在强烈搅拌条件下缓慢加入80ml的工业级浓硫酸，搅拌反应8分钟。
第三步，再迅速加入450ml水，搅拌反应60分钟，得到的矿浆进行过滤分离。滤液中，硅浸出率仅为0.21％，过滤过程简单。
实施例3
本发明所述的从低铁铝精矿溶铝渣中固化硅的方法的再一个实例，包括如下步骤：
第一步，先称取30g溶铝渣于烧杯中，加入50ml水并搅拌均匀，调浆。
第二步，在强烈搅拌条件下缓慢加入30ml的工业级浓硫酸，搅拌反应5分钟。
第三步，再迅速加入150ml水，搅拌反应100分钟，得到的矿浆进行过滤分离。滤液中，硅浸出率仅为0.32％，过滤过程简单，有价金属浸出率高。
表1是本发明所述的从低铁铝精矿溶铝渣中固化硅的方法的具体实施例中各主要元素的浸出率。
表1
Claims (2)
1.一种从低铁铝精矿溶铝渣中固化硅的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
原料铝精矿的主要成分和质量百分含量为：Al2O3 62.56％、SiO2 11.94％、TiO25.11％、TFe 0.65％、Nb2O3 0.022％、Sc2O3 48g/t，Ga 0.0018％，稀土总量0.029％，
原料铝精矿溶铝渣的主要成分和质量百分含量为：Al2O3 24.22％、SiO219.44％、TiO28.53％、Fe 1.62％、Nb 0.025％、Sc2O3 77g/t，稀土总量0.0518％，
(1)溶铝渣调浆：先称取一定量的溶铝渣，按水与溶铝渣的体积/重量比＝0.5～2/1的比例加入水，把溶铝渣搅拌成浆状；
(2)硫酸熟化：按硫酸与溶铝渣的体积/重量比＝0.5～1.5/1的比例称取工业浓硫酸，并加入到溶铝渣浆液中，过程迅速搅拌均匀；
(3)水浸：按水与溶铝渣的体积/重量比＝3～8/1的比例量取水，并加入到反应液中搅拌反应30～120分钟，过滤，洗涤，得到浸出渣及浸出液，硅留在浸出渣中被脱除。
2.如权利要求1所述的从低铁铝精矿溶铝渣中固化硅的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)中的溶铝渣为低铁铝精矿经碱溶浸出后的尾渣料。
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| CN114317991A (zh) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-12 | 金川镍钴研究设计院有限责任公司 | 一种铁铝危废渣与湿法脱硫渣无碳冶炼回收有价金属的方法 |
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