CN1072103C - 制造卡纸复合材料筒的方法和实施此方法的设备 - Google Patents

制造卡纸复合材料筒的方法和实施此方法的设备 Download PDF

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CN1072103C
CN1072103C CN97191891A CN97191891A CN1072103C CN 1072103 C CN1072103 C CN 1072103C CN 97191891 A CN97191891 A CN 97191891A CN 97191891 A CN97191891 A CN 97191891A CN 1072103 C CN1072103 C CN 1072103C
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layer
winding
edge strip
continuous web
web
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CN1209769A (zh
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赫尔曼·本茨
彼得·菲舍尔
克劳斯·科森德吕
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Abro Weiden Hamel Ltd
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Weidenhammer Packungen GmbH and Co KG
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Abstract

卡纸复合材料制的罐头用的筒通过相邻层的聚合物涂层的焊接设计成气密的，其中为了焊接采用了一种线形聚焦的卤素光源。此外，在今后的焊缝区内可设一吸收卤素光并转换成热量的层。还介绍了用于实施此方法的设备和这里所适用的复合材料。

Description

制造卡纸复合材料筒的方法和实施此方法的设备
本发明涉及一种制造气密的复合材料罐头筒的方法以及实施此方法的设备。
卡纸复合罐头通常由一个多层复合的筒、装在筒一个端面的底和一个盖组成。在液体密封和香气密封的情况下，在盖侧密封有一层封闭薄膜。
复合材料的组成取决于内装的物品和提出的强度要求。在液体密封的设计情况下，筒至少有一个纸层，在纸层内侧设金属密封层，通常设铝箔，在金属密封层上再加聚合物层作衬里。在筒的外侧至少设有另一个通常为厚的卡纸层，所谓屏蔽层，最后在它上面加构成标签的纸幅。这些筒设计为缠绕筒，它们由一螺旋形连续制成的缠绕管接长度截取。
在制造缠绕筒时，复合材料作为连续料幅按一个与螺旋形缠绕的螺距相应的角度缠绕在一个缠绕轴胎上。沿着连续料幅的一个纵边，边缘条与在它下面的已处于缠绕轴胎上的连续料幅段的边缘条粘结。这种缠绕筒不足以满足越来越高的气密性要求。在潮湿的空气中这种复合罐头的货架寿命也受影响。其原因在于，位于外部的和内部的纵边形成一敞开的截割面，所以穿过纸层或卡纸层经由截割面可能发生扩散过程。此罐头既不气密也不压力密封。由于扩散进水分导致纸或卡纸湿胀和层离。
这种扩散过程可通过所谓蟒蛇缝排除。按这种方法，连续料幅沿着以后位于制成的缠绕筒内侧上的那个纵边向外翻折成双层边缘条(US3716435,EP0113160)。处于相对位置的没有变形的那个纵边加热，所以在边缘条内的聚合物层熔化。在借助于缠绕机进行螺旋形缠绕时，被加热的边缘条缠绕在另一个纵边处双层的外层上，以及它的在里面的被加热聚合物层与双层上的外聚合物层焊接。然后在这种缠绕筒上至少缠绕另一个卡纸层。因此排除了由内向外或由外向里发生扩散过程的可能性，因为筒的内侧没有自由的截割面，而代之以具有一个连续的封闭的聚合物层。因此这种缠绕筒的密封性基本上仅取决于焊缝的质量。
由于夹入铝箔，所以其优点是能非常方便地操纵的高频焊不能用于焊接聚合物层。因此至今仅仅采用热空气，借助于喷嘴将热空气输送到接缝处(US 3716435,EP0113160)。但这样做只可能是一种不良的局部温度集中。当热空气冲击在连续料幅上时还朝侧向偏转，所以加热了比较宽的条状区。此外，在螺旋形缠绕时热空气必须在连续料幅缠绕在缠绕轴胎上去之前不久从下面吹在此连续料幅上，从而进一步增强了热量向相邻区的漂移。因此聚合物层不仅在所期望的接缝处熔化，而且在边缘区也熔化。最后，在接缝处的温度仅能低水平地控制，所以在有些情况下聚合物熔体过度软化和滑移，并有可能到达缠绕轴胎上并保持附着在那里。类似的情况发生在用红外辐射加热时，在这里同样只能有不充分的温度控制。此外，连续料幅在一个过大的区域吸纳了过多的热量，而焊缝的冷却过于缓慢。由于有缺陷的热量传输及其不良的控制可能性，料幅速度受到限制并因而产量亦即每单位时间能制造的筒的数量受到限制。最后，由于严重的热分散和热损失，所以能量消耗量很大。
此外还已知，通过聚焦的热辐射连接热塑性塑料或涂有热塑性塑料层的复合材料，由此达到更好的能量平衡。例如在卡纸盒方面已知(US4156626)，内侧加聚合物层和在传送时大体垂直安放就位的底片或盖片之一，借助于其射线点状聚焦的光源供能。射线的焦点对准聚合物层。在盒被传送经过时，聚合物层的条熔化。接着，此底片或盖片翻转到另一个接片上并与之通过熔融的条连接。
在用复合材料制包装的情况下，截割边应当用塑料膜覆盖(EP0437847)。此复合材料由一个单面涂热塑性塑料层的卡纸层或纸层、一个铝密封层和在另一侧的一个热塑性塑料膜组成。此热塑性塑料膜超过复合材料的截割边伸出并包封此截割边，以及在相对侧与复合材料连接。点状聚焦的IR射线对准复合材料的热塑性塑料层，以便使之熔化。在伸出的膜翻转后热量传给膜，并应将膜与复合材料密封在一起。在这方面还已知，复合材料在要加热的地方涂吸光的深色条状层。在此方法中有特别重要意义的是，膜和铝层在翻转前不受射线源的影响。
从现有技术中的方法出发，本发明的目的是获得一种无可指摘的严格限定的焊缝，与此同时减少焊接过程必须的能量。
按本发明此目的采取下列措施达到，即，提供一种制造气密的复合材料罐头的筒的方法，筒从外到内至少有一个纸层或卡纸层、一个金属密封层和一个覆盖此密封层面朝着盛装物料的聚合物层，其中，由复合材料制的连续料幅在一个纵边处翻折成一个双层的边缘条，连续条沿位于相对位置的纵边的边缘条上加热致聚合物层熔化，接着，在一个轴胎上螺旋形地缠绕以构成缠绕管，与此同时，此已加热的边缘条搭接地缠绕在一个已放置在轴胎上的料幅段的双层边缘条外侧的聚合物层上，并与之通过聚合物层的焊接互相连接在一起，接着，将至少另一个纸层或卡纸层搭接地放在外侧上及边端粘结起来，其特征为：边缘条从以后构成缠绕筒外侧的那一侧借助于平行于构成此边缘条边界的纵边线形聚焦的卤素光加热。
在按本发明的方法中，令人吃惊地证实，线形聚焦的卤素光可以充分加热复合材料的聚合物层。由此又提供了这种可能性，即用复合材料制造筒，其中，在缠绕筒互相搭接的纵边之间的焊缝可以设计得非常窄，并能制成完美的和密封的连接。焊缝的宽度可通过相应地聚焦调整，也就是说焊缝可以很准确地限定。众所周知，卤素辐射源特别便宜，以及射线命中点处的温度可以很容易调整。消耗的能量少。因为在焊缝区内的热量几乎没有转移，也就是说焊缝迅速地重新冷却，所以可以达到高的按件计算的产量。借助于热空气是不可能做到这一点的，因为放出的热量很大。通过加热作用可以非常准确地限制在焊缝上，所以除焊缝之外的聚合物层不受影响或根本不受损害。采取下列措施可使这些优点发挥更为有效的作用，即，连续料幅最好从外侧亦即从纸侧来照射。因为通常使用再循环纸，因此它有灰色或褐色，所以纸层起不良热辐射源和不良热导体的作用，但起良好的蓄热体的作用。热量穿过纸并到达铝箔上，鉴于铝箔良好的导热性，它将热量直接传送给聚合物层并导致其熔化。热量的侧向扩散十分有限，所以温度朝侧向迅速下降，以及焊接区或密封区限制得很狭窄。纸层的这种蓄热作用足以在直至闭合此接缝时仍有足够的热量传给聚合物层。
若连续料幅至少在面朝卤素光的一侧和至少在要加热的边缘条内设一光吸收层，则进一步改善了能量利用或节约能量并与此同时更好地将供给的热量集中在焊缝区上。
此光吸收层可以涂覆在与焊缝的宽度相应的宽度上。所以进一步改善了在焊缝区内光能转变为热能。
光吸收层最好是深色的尤其是黑色的痕迹。因为以后要用外部的卡纸层将它覆盖，所以这样做没有什么影响。
本发明还涉及一种制造缠绕筒的设备。按本发明这种设备有一缠绕轴胎，借助于缠绕装置按螺旋形缠绕筒的螺旋角向缠绕轴胎供入复合材料的连续料幅；有一个设在缠绕轴胎前面的装置，用于沿面朝缠绕轴胎的纵边将连续料幅翻折成一双层的边缘条；以及有一个设在连续料幅缠绕到缠绕轴胎上去的位置之前的加热装置，用于沿连续料幅处于相对位置的未变形纵边熔化边缘条上的聚合物层，其特征为：加热装置是一个平行于未变形纵边聚焦的线形卤素光源，它设在进入的连续料幅上方。
此外，在这种设备中还可以规定，在缠绕轴胎前设有在进入的连续料幅上侧涂覆深色痕迹的装置。当然也可以取代这种做法，令连续料幅在其制造之际已经设有这种色迹。
此设备还可以如在先有技术中已知的那样至少有一个用于结束卡纸幅在缠绕筒上的缠绕的装置。根据强度的要求也可以在外面缠绕两个或更多个卡纸幅。
下面借助于附图表示的实施例说明本发明。其中：
图1通过卡纸复合罐头的筒壁的纵剖面；
图2图1中细节Ⅱ的放大图；
图3制造螺旋形缠绕筒的设备示意透视图；
图4图3的设备略有修改的实施形式示意图。
图1中比例放得很大地表示卡纸复合罐头的筒1的壁横剖面。筒1可以有圆形、椭圆形或具有修圆的角的大体为矩形的横截面。因此人们称为圆的或非圆的罐头。筒1壁的分层结构主要取决于盛装物料的类型和所要求的稳定性。
在图1所表示的实施例中，筒1从里到外有一个气密和液体密封的内层2和三个彼此相继的卡纸层4,5和6以及一个外部的纸层或塑料膜层7，其中最后那一层是印刷的或是可以印刷的并构成标签。按图1的筒1通过连续料幅缠绕制成，所以，例如，内层2由螺旋形并列的在区域8内搭接的料幅3组成。其中料幅3的一个纵边向外翻转成双层，形成了内层9和外层10，并与料幅3相邻层的未变形边缘条11连接，所以覆盖住料幅3两层的截割面12、13。卡纸料幅4、5和6以及必要时还有纸幅7以相同的方式螺旋形地缠绕在内层2上。在层4、5、6和7中无需保留如在内层2中那样的交接位置。
如图2所示，内层2的组成部分包括一个外纸层14、一个连接在它里面的金属层15，例如铝箔、以及一个在里面的聚合物构成的层16，例如聚丙烯。此聚合物层16一方面满足在盛装食物时符合食品卫生学的要求，另一方面它与金属层15相结合保证必要的液体和气体密封性。因此，如借助于图1表示的那样，构成内层2的料幅3在搭接区内一个纵边处翻转成双层，在那里彼此叠在一起的聚合物层16通过热焊接构成一条气密和液体密封的缝17。
图3表示制造按图1的缠绕筒1的设备主要部分。此设备有一缠绕轴胎18。构成内层2的连续料幅3从缠绕轴胎的一侧进入，连续料幅从一个装在卷轴上的卷筒放出。从缠绕轴胎的另一侧供入构成卡纸层4、5和6以及外纸层7的连续料幅，图中只表示了两个连续料幅20、21。这些连续料幅已经互相重叠地供往缠绕轴胎18。连续料幅3、20、21相对于缠绕轴胎18的轴线成一个要制成螺旋形缠绕筒22的螺旋角地供入。此类缠绕技术是已知的(例如US 3716435)，因此无需详细说明。
构成内层2的连续料幅3在图中位于其前方的纵边23向上翻转成双层8，而位于相对位置的纵边24保持不变形。在此纵边24或与之连接的边缘条25上方设卤素辐射源26，它的光束线形地聚焦在边缘条25上。卤素光在构成连续料幅3的复合材料内转换成热量，从而使处于下侧的聚合物层熔化。它在缠绕轴胎18上缠绕到已敷设在那里的连续料幅段的双层8上，所以此在边缘条25下侧被加热并熔化的聚合物层与相对纵边23处的双层8在上面的聚合物层焊接。供热基本上限制在边缘条24上并因而限于在焊缝或密封缝上。由于采用卤素辐射源26，温度可以得到非常好的控制，所以在进一步的缠绕过程中接缝区可发生快速冷却。因此在制造连续的缠绕筒22时料幅可以高速移动。用作罐头的筒便可按长度从此连续的缠绕筒上截取。
采取下列措施还可以进一步改善温度控制和使卤素辐射源26的射线转换成热量，即，在边缘条25的上侧涂覆一种深色的例如黑色的痕迹27(图4)，其宽度与边缘条25的宽度大体一致或较窄。因此有助于将热量进一步集中在边缘条25上。此色迹27可借助于一个装在卤素辐射源26前面的喷射器或带压EP滚筒29和颜料盒30的压印器28涂覆在边缘条25上。

Claims (9)

1．制造气密的复合材料罐头的筒的方法，筒从外到内至少有一个纸层或卡纸层、一个金属密封层和一个覆盖此密封层面朝着盛装物料的聚合物层，其中，由复合材料制的连续料幅在一个纵边处翻折成一个双层的边缘条，连续条沿位于相对位置的纵边的边缘条上加热致聚合物层熔化，接着，在一个轴胎上螺旋形地缠绕以构成缠绕管，与此同时，此已加热的边缘条搭接地缠绕在一个已放置在轴胎上的料幅段的双层边缘条外侧的聚合物层上，并与之通过聚合物层的焊接互相连接在一起，接着，将至少另一个纸层或卡纸层搭接地放在外侧上及边端粘结起来，其特征为：边缘条从以后构成缠绕筒外侧的那一侧借助于平行于构成此边缘条边界的纵边线形聚焦的卤素光加热。
2．按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征为：连续料幅至少在面朝卤素光的那一侧至少在要加热的边缘条内部设一光吸收层。
3．按照权利要求2所述的方法，其特征为：光吸收层涂覆在一个与焊缝宽度相应的宽度上。
4．按照权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征为：涂覆一个深色的痕迹作为光吸收层。
5．按照权利要求4所述的方法，其特征为，所述的深色为黑色。
6．实施按照权利要求1至5之一所述方法的设备，有一缠绕轴胎(18)，借助于缠绕装置按螺旋形缠绕筒(1)的螺旋角向缠绕轴胎供入复合材料的连续料幅；有一个设在缠绕轴胎(18)前面的装置，用于沿面朝缠绕轴胎的纵边将连续料幅翻折成一双层的边缘条(8)；以及有一个设在连续料幅(3)缠绕到缠绕轴胎(18)上去的位置之前的加热装置(26)，用于沿连续料幅处于相对位置的未变形纵边(24)熔化边缘条(25)上的聚合物层，其特征为：加热装置是一个平行于未变形纵边(24)聚焦的线形卤素光源(26)，它设在进入的连续料幅(3)上方。
7．按照权利要求6所述的设备，其特征为：在缠绕轴胎(18)前设一装置(27)，用于在进入的连续料幅上侧涂覆一个光吸收层。
8．按照权利要求7所述的设备，其特征为，所述光吸收层是一个深色的痕迹。
9．按照权利要求7所述的设备，其特征为：此装置是一个喷射器或压印器(27)。
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EP0876249B1 (de) 2001-08-01
US6077377A (en) 2000-06-20
EP0876249A2 (de) 1998-11-11
WO1997027041A3 (de) 1998-02-26
DE19602892A1 (de) 1997-07-31
CN1209769A (zh) 1999-03-03
DE59704191D1 (de) 2001-09-06
WO1997027041A2 (de) 1997-07-31

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