中型高炉用无水耐火炮泥Anhydrous refractory clay for medium-sized blast furnace
本发明涉及一种专用于中型炼铁高炉堵铁口的耐火材料。The invention relates to a refractory material specially used for plugging the iron hole of a medium-sized ironmaking blast furnace.
目前国内外用于炼铁高炉堵铁口所用的炮泥有无水耐火炮泥和有水炮泥两种。无水耐火炮泥堵铁口有许多优点，如：堵口深度易控制，堵口不易被铁水冲刷扩大，炉前工易操作，黑渣量少。但它成本较高，配制该无水耐火炮泥时是以二蒽油为粘结剂，所用原料内有沥青、熟料剂、焦粉和碳化硅，所用设备为价格较昂贵的碾泥机，配制过程中原料的粒度细小，加工复杂，堵口时它硬度也较大。这种无水耐火炮泥主要用于大型高炉(炉容≥1000m3)。而我国大多为中小高炉(炉容≤600m3)，用这样的无水耐火炮泥，由于泥炮推力小，堵铁口时泥不易打进，堵进后铁门也较硬，推电钻铁口不易开，且成本也较高。故在中小高炉用的是有水耐火炮泥，它的制作是以水为粘合剂，将粘土、焦粉、熟料粉和沥青按比例及先后顺序加入到碾泥机上碾制而成，用这样的有水耐火炮泥堵铁口，不易维护，堵口深度忽深忽浅，不稳定，不能保证正常出铁对铁口深度的要求，在出铁水过程中，堵口易被渣和铁水冲刷大，造成跑大流，漫渣铁，易出事故。操作过程中用泥量大为增加。对炉况顺行和稳定不利，影响产量和质量。At present, there are two kinds of gun mud used for blocking the iron hole of ironmaking blast furnace at home and abroad: anhydrous fire-resistant gun mud and water-resistant gun mud. There are many advantages of anhydrous refractory gun mud plugging, such as: the depth of the plugging is easy to control, the plugging is not easy to be washed and expanded by molten iron, the front of the furnace is easy to operate, and the amount of black slag is small. But its cost is high. When preparing the anhydrous refractory clay, dianthracene oil is used as the binder. The raw materials used include asphalt, clinker agent, coke powder and silicon carbide, and the equipment used is a more expensive mud mill. , the particle size of the raw materials in the preparation process is fine, the processing is complicated, and its hardness is also relatively large when the mouth is blocked. This water-free refractory mortar is mainly used in large blast furnaces (furnace capacity ≥ 1000m 3 ). In China, most of them are small and medium-sized blast furnaces (furnace capacity ≤ 600m 3 ). Using such anhydrous refractory gun mud, due to the small thrust of the mud gun, it is difficult for the mud to penetrate when blocking the iron gate. After the iron gate is blocked, the iron gate is also relatively hard. Mouth is difficult to open, and cost is also higher. Therefore, water refractory mortar is used in small and medium-sized blast furnaces. It is made by adding water as a binder, adding clay, coke powder, clinker powder and asphalt to a mud mill in proportion and order to grind it. It is not easy to maintain with such water-resistant fire-resistant gun mud. The depth of the plugging fluctuates from deep to shallow, which is unstable. It cannot guarantee the depth of the taphole required by normal tapping. The molten iron scours greatly, causing a large flow of running, overflowing slag and iron, and accidents are prone to occur. The amount of mud used during the operation is greatly increased. It is unfavorable to the smooth flow and stability of the furnace condition, and affects the output and quality.
本发明的目的用一种新的原料配比制作一种无水耐火炮泥，适用于中型炼铁炉堵铁口用，使铁口易堵，成本低，易操作，保证铁口在流铁水时不易冲刷。The purpose of this invention is to use a new raw material ratio to make a kind of anhydrous refractory gun mud, which is suitable for blocking the iron hole of medium-sized ironmaking furnaces, making the iron hole easy to block, low in cost, easy to operate, and ensuring that the iron hole is flowing molten iron Not easy to wash off.
本发明所说的无水炮泥用于中型炼铁炉，无水耐火炮泥所用的原料为：软质粘土、硬质粘土、熟料粉、高铝粉、焦粉、红煤渣、焦油，它们的重量比依次为1∶0.3～0.5∶0.3～0.5∶0.3～0.5∶1.5～2.5∶0.3～0.5∶1.5～2∶0。所用的焦粉为粗粉和细粉混合，粗粉约占20％。软质粘土、硬质粘土、高铝粉的粒度小于1mm，细焦粉，红煤渣的粒度小于5mm，熟料粉的粒度小于3mm，粗焦粉的粒度在5-10mm。Said anhydrous taphole mud of the present invention is used for medium-sized ironmaking furnace, and the raw material used of anhydrous refractory blasthole mud is: soft clay, hard clay, clinker powder, high aluminum powder, coke powder, red coal slag, tar, Their weight ratios are 1:0.3-0.5:0.3-0.5:0.3-0.5:1.5-2.5:0.3-0.5:1.5-2:0. The coke powder used is a mixture of coarse powder and fine powder, and the coarse powder accounts for about 20%. The particle size of soft clay, hard clay and high alumina powder is less than 1mm, the particle size of fine coke powder and red cinder is less than 5mm, the particle size of clinker powder is less than 3mm, and the particle size of coarse coke powder is 5-10mm.
中型炼铁高炉使用这样的无水炮泥堵铁口，在出铁过程中，铁口直径不被刷大，铁流适宜稳定，减少或避免了跑大流引起的炉前事故。炉况运行稳定可靠，该泥耐高温，耐冲刷，不断裂，不粘渣铁，沟铁量和黑渣量减少约50-70％。用该泥堵的铁口不硬，可以直接钻透出铁，减轻了炉前工的劳动强度。比有水耐火炮泥的用泥量减少70-80％，成本费用降低，经济效益提高。Medium-sized ironmaking blast furnaces use such anhydrous taphole mud to block the iron hole. During the tapping process, the diameter of the iron hole will not be enlarged, and the iron flow is suitable for stability, reducing or avoiding accidents before the furnace caused by large flow. The operation of the furnace is stable and reliable. The mud is resistant to high temperature, erosion, no fracture, no sticky slag and iron, and the amount of ditch iron and black slag is reduced by about 50-70%. The iron hole blocked by the mud is not hard, and the iron can be directly drilled out, which reduces the labor intensity of the workers in front of the furnace. The amount of mud used is reduced by 70-80% compared with that of water-resistant fire-resistant gun mud, the cost is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.
本发明由以下实施例实现：The present invention is realized by following embodiment:
以上中型高炉所用的无水炮泥的适用炉容在300m3-600m3，先将所用固态原料按配比加入搅拌机，同时喷洒入微量水，约为原料总重的1.5-3.5％，待搅拌均匀后，再加入焦油搅拌约5-10分钟，即成为所需的无水耐火炮泥。The applicable furnace capacity of the above-mentioned medium-sized blast furnaces is 300m 3 -600m 3 . First, add the solid raw materials to the mixer according to the ratio, and at the same time spray a small amount of water, which is about 1.5-3.5% of the total weight of the raw materials. Stir evenly Finally, add tar and stir for about 5-10 minutes, and then the required anhydrous fire-resistant clay can be obtained.