CN107561586B - A kind of method and apparatus of bubble compacting - Google Patents
A kind of method and apparatus of bubble compacting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method and apparatus of bubble compacting, wherein this method comprises: determining the minimum phase wavelet in work area to be measured according to multiple single-shot seismic datas in work area to be measured；Based on bubble generation time in practical exploration process, removal procedure is carried out to minimum phase wavelet, the minimum phase wavelet after obtaining removal procedure；According to the minimum phase wavelet after removal procedure, the bubble compacting operator in work area to be measured is calculated；Process of convolution is carried out to per pass seismic data using bubble compacting operator, obtains the pressed seismic data of bubble.In embodiments of the present invention, wavelet is sought by real data, has fully considered influence of the practical factor to wavelet, the suppression degree of bubble can be effectively improved, eliminated bubble effect, the signal-to-noise ratio of data is improved, to improve the resolution ratio of marine geological prospecting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of geological exploration, in particular to a kind of method and apparatus of bubble compacting.
Background technique
It, generally can be using air gun as focus when offshore seismic exploration.When air gun source excitation, pressure-air release
Into water, spherical bubbles are quickly formed, spherical bubbles constantly expansion compression in water forms multiple bubble pulses, which claims
For bubble effect.During bubble effect, air bubble expansion can generate seismic wave, due to multiple bubble breathing, air gun waveform
Multiple oscillation can be generated, the precision of seismic data collected is leveraged, reduces the resolution ratio of seismic data.Therefore,
It is necessary to carry out bubble compression process to marine seismic data, to reach in removal marine seismic data by bubble effect institute
The purpose of the data noise of generation.
Currently, may be generally based upon far-field wavelet caused by air gun source, to be acquired when determining offshore seismic exploration
The data arrived carry out the pressed effect of bubble.However, since far-field wavelet is the simulation wavelet obtained using theoretical method, mould
To make when quasi- far-field wavelet much it is assumed that for example: sea be it is horizontal, seawater is static etc..These assumed conditions and reality
Border exploration situation differs greatly, so that there are significant differences for the wavelet generated in the far-field wavelet of simulation and practical exploration, this is just
Cause to use the bubble pressing result of far-field wavelet very unsatisfactory, is sometimes difficult to meet the needs of actual production.
Summary of the invention
It is higher to reach acquisition and the actual conditions goodness of fit the present invention provides a kind of method and apparatus of bubble compacting
The purpose of marine bubble pressing result.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of methods of bubble compacting, may include: according to multiple lists in work area to be measured
Big gun seismic data determines the minimum phase wavelet in the work area to be measured；It is right based on bubble generation time in practical exploration process
The minimum phase wavelet carries out removal procedure, the minimum phase wavelet after obtaining removal procedure；After the removal procedure
Minimum phase wavelet, be calculated in work area to be measured bubble compacting operator；Using bubble compacting operator to described more
The per pass seismic data of each single-shot seismic data carries out process of convolution in a single-shot seismic data, obtains bubble pressedly
Shake data.
In one embodiment, it determines the minimum phase wavelet in the work area to be measured, may include: to the multiple list
The single-shot seismic data for meeting preset requirement in big gun seismic data carries out auto-correlation processing；It will be each in multiple single-shot seismic datas
The autocorrelation result of road seismic data is overlapped, and obtains one of auto-correlation superposition of data；Calculate one of auto-correlation superposition
The corresponding zero-phase wavelet of data；Based on the corresponding zero-phase wavelet of one of auto-correlation superposition of data, minimum is calculated
Phase wavelet.
In one embodiment, the zero-phase wavelet based on one of auto-correlation superposition of data, is calculated minimum phase
Seat wave may include: using the zero-phase wavelet as input, and the zero-phase wavelet is calculated as expectation in pulse
Anti- wavelet；Using the anti-wavelet of the zero-phase wavelet as input, the zero-phase wavelet is calculated as expectation in pulse
Corresponding minimum phase wavelet.
In one embodiment, bubble generation time may range from: greater than be equal in the practical exploration process
40ms, and it is less than or equal to 120ms.
In one embodiment, removal procedure can be carried out to the minimum phase wavelet according to following formula, is cut
Except treated minimum phase wavelet:
C (n)=a (n) h (n)
In above formula,
In above formula, c (n) indicates that the minimum phase wavelet after the removal procedure, a (n) indicate the minimum phase wavelet,
H (n) indicates that excision function, n indicate sampling number, n0Indicate the corresponding number of sampling points of bubble generation time.
In one embodiment, the excision function can also include: one of Hamming window function, bell window function.
In one embodiment, it can be calculated according to following formula according to the minimum phase wavelet after the removal procedure
Obtain the bubble compacting operator in work area to be measured:
In above formula,
In above formula, f (t) indicates that the bubble in the work area to be measured suppresses operator, and N indicates the minimum after the removal procedure
The number of sampling points of phase wavelet, c (n) indicate that the minimum phase wavelet after the removal procedure, a (n) indicate the minimum phase
Seat wave, the serial number of τ expression auto-correlation or computing cross-correlation, the number of sampling points of N expression minimum phase wavelet, n=1,
2,…,N。
In one embodiment, after obtaining the pressed seismic data of bubble, the method can also include: to be based on
The pressed seismic data of bubble carries out geological prospecting.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of device of bubble compacting, it may include: that the first wavelet obtains module, be used for
According to multiple single-shot seismic datas in work area to be measured, the minimum phase wavelet in the work area to be measured is determined；Second wavelet obtains
Modulus block, for carrying out removal procedure to the minimum phase wavelet, obtaining based on bubble generation time in practical exploration process
Minimum phase wavelet after removal procedure；Operator computing module is suppressed, for according to minimum phase after the removal procedure
The bubble compacting operator in work area to be measured is calculated in wave；Seismic data determining module, for suppressing operator using the bubble
Process of convolution is carried out to the per pass seismic data of each single-shot seismic data in the multiple single-shot seismic data, obtains bubble pressure
Seismic data after system.
In one embodiment, it may include: auto-correlation processing unit that first wavelet, which obtains module, for described
The single-shot seismic data for meeting preset requirement in multiple single-shot seismic datas carries out auto-correlation processing；Superposition of data determining module,
For the autocorrelation result of multiple roads single-shot seismic data Zhong Ge seismic data to be overlapped, one of auto-correlation superposition is obtained
Data；Zero-phase wavelet computing module, for calculating the corresponding zero-phase wavelet of one of auto-correlation superposition of data；Minimum phase
Minimum phase is calculated for being based on the corresponding zero-phase wavelet of one of auto-correlation superposition of data in seat wave computing module
Seat wave.
In embodiments of the present invention, of the minimum phase in the work area to be measured is determined according to multiple single-shot seismic datas
Wave recycles reflection practical factor to the minimum phase wavelet for generating wavelet and aeration to calculate bubble pressing result, solves
When having determined in the prior art using the far-field wavelet progress operation simulated using theoretical method, due to the far-field wavelet of simulation
There are significant differences with the wavelet that generates in practical exploration, and effect is poor when the caused bubble using far-field wavelet is suppressed
Defect；Further, after obtaining minimum phase wavelet, based on the generation time of bubble in practical exploration process, to described
Minimum phase wavelet carries out removal procedure, and according to the minimum phase wavelet after the removal procedure, work area to be measured is calculated
In bubble suppress operator；Finally, process of convolution is carried out to the per pass seismic data in work area to be measured using bubble compacting operator,
Obtain the pressed seismic data of bubble.The present invention seeks wavelet by real data, has fully considered practical factor antithetical phrase
The influence of wave can effectively improve the suppression degree of bubble, eliminate bubble effect, the signal-to-noise ratio of data is improved, to improve sea
The resolution ratio of geological prospecting.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art more clearly, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The some embodiments recorded in application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, in the premise of not making the creative labor property
Under, it is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of method flow diagram of bubble compacting provided by the present application；
Fig. 2 is the single shot record schematic diagram before compacting bubble provided by the present application；
Fig. 3 is the single shot record schematic diagram after compacting bubble provided by the present application；
Fig. 4 is single-shot data spectrum schematic diagram before compacting bubble provided by the present application；
Fig. 5 is single-shot data spectrum schematic diagram after compacting bubble provided by the present application；
Fig. 6 is a kind of apparatus structure block diagram of bubble compacting provided by the present application.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the application, below in conjunction with the application reality
The attached drawing in example is applied, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described implementation
Example is merely a part but not all of the embodiments of the present application.Based on the embodiment in the application, this field is common
The application protection all should belong in technical staff's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work
Range.
When in view of carrying out bubble compacting in the prior art, the far-field wavelet obtained based on theoretical method carries out bubble compacting
The defect poor with the actual exploration situation goodness of fit when operation of operator, present applicant proposes seek ground using real data
Shake wavelet.Based on this, a kind of method of bubble compacting is proposed, as shown in Figure 1, may comprise steps of:
S101: according to multiple single-shot seismic datas in work area to be measured, minimum phase in the work area to be measured is determined
Wave.
The single-shot seismic data also refers to blow out in an excitation point, receives stratum using a series of wave detector
The back wave generated due to excitation, from all seismic signals of same big gun received by such a series of wave detector
A single-shot seismic data can be corresponded to.
In one embodiment of the application, minimum phase in the work area to be measured can be determined according to the following steps
Wave:
S1-1: the single-shot seismic data for meeting preset requirement in the multiple single-shot seismic data is carried out at auto-correlation
Reason.
S1-2: the autocorrelation result of multiple roads single-shot seismic data Zhong Ge seismic data is overlapped, and is obtained together
Auto-correlation superposition of data.
Auto-correlation is done to the seismic data for meeting preset requirement in single-shot seismic data, then each in single-shot seismic data
The autocorrelation evidence in road stacks up to obtain a track data, then all single-shot seismic datas are all repeated step S1-2 and are superimposed
To auto-correlation superposition of data corresponding with each single-shot seismic data.Wherein, described to meet the seismic data for stating preset requirement
It include: the nearly offset data that geophone offset is less than seabed depth at shot point.
Auto-correlation is done to the nearly offset data of a big gun seismic data, the autocorrelation evidence in each road is stacked up to obtain one
After trace-stacking data, all big guns are all repeated superposition and obtain respective auto-correlation superposition of data, then all big guns from phase
It closes superposition of data to stack up again, obtains one of superposition of data.
S1-3: the corresponding zero-phase wavelet of one of auto-correlation superposition of data is calculated.
Fourier transformation is carried out to one of auto-correlation superposition of data, the data of frequency domain are obtained, to its each frequency
It asks and thoroughly deserves amplitude spectrum；And using the amplitude spectrum as the amplitude spectrum of wavelet, it is anti-to carry out Fourier transformation for phase spectrum zero
Transformation, obtains the corresponding zero-phase wavelet of one of auto-correlation superposition of data.
S1-5: it is folded that one of auto-correlation is calculated in the zero-phase wavelet based on one of auto-correlation superposition of data
The minimum phase wavelet of addend evidence.
In the application one embodiment, based on the zero-phase wavelet of one of auto-correlation superposition of data, it is calculated
The minimum phase wavelet of one of auto-correlation superposition of data may include:
S1-5-1: spike deconvolution processing is carried out to the zero-phase wavelet, obtains the anti-wavelet of zero-phase wavelet.
Using the zero-phase wavelet as input, pulse is as expectation, can be with according to following progress spike deconvolution processing
Obtain the anti-wavelet b (t) of zero-phase wavelet:
In above formula, N indicates the number of sampling points of minimum phase wavelet, and left side coefficient indicates the zero-phase wavelet in above formula
The auto-correlation of x (t), calculation formula may is that
In above formula, τ indicates the serial number of auto-correlation computation, n=1,2 ..., N, and N indicates the sampled point of minimum phase wavelet
Number.
S1-6: carrying out spike deconvolution processing to the anti-wavelet, obtains in the work area to be measured zero-phase wavelet most
Small phase wavelet.
By anti-wavelet b0(t) as input, pulse carries out spike deconvolution processing according to the following formula, can obtain as expectation
To the minimum phase wavelet a (t) of zero-phase wavelet:
In above formula, N indicates the number of sampling points of the minimum phase wavelet after the removal procedure, left side coefficient table in above formula
Show that the auto-correlation of the anti-wavelet b (t), calculation formula may is that
In above formula, τ indicates the serial number of auto-correlation computation, n=1,2 ..., N, and N indicates the sampled point of minimum phase wavelet
Number.
In this application, it by the seismic data using physical presence, is extracted by the auto-correlation using seismic data
Seismic wavelet, that is, minimum phase wavelet, it is contemplated that influence of the actual acquisition factor to wavelet.It can solve in the prior art only
To differ greatly using when Simulation of far-field wavelet with practical exploration situation, so that being generated in the far-field wavelet of simulation and practical exploration
Wavelet there are significant difference, eventually lead to very unsatisfactory using the bubble pressing result of far-field wavelet, be difficult to meet practical life
The defect of the needs of production.
S102: based on bubble generation time in practical exploration process, removal procedure is carried out to the minimum phase wavelet, is obtained
Minimum phase wavelet after to removal procedure.
It carries out removal procedure according to the following formula to minimum phase wavelet a (t) and obtains the wavelet of not bubbles, can indicate
Are as follows:
C (n)=a (n) h (n)
In above formula,
In above formula, c (n) indicates that the minimum phase wavelet after the removal procedure, a (n) indicate the minimum phase wavelet,
H (n) indicates that excision function, n indicate sampling number, n0Indicate the corresponding number of sampling points of bubble generation time.
Wherein, in the practical exploration process bubble generation time generally: greater than be equal to 40ms, and be less than or equal to
120ms。
The excision function can also include: other letters such as Hamming window function, bell window function in addition to above-mentioned cosine function
Number, the application are not construed as limiting this.
S103: according to the minimum phase wavelet after the removal procedure, the bubble compacting being calculated in work area to be measured is calculated
Son.
In the present embodiment, can be using minimum phase wavelet a (t) as input, c (t) is calculated to be measured as expectation
Bubble in work area suppresses operator f (t).Specifically, can be according to following formula according to the minimum phase after the removal procedure
The bubble compacting operator in work area to be measured is calculated in wavelet:
In above formula,
In above formula, f (t) indicates that the bubble in the work area to be measured suppresses operator, and N indicates the minimum after the removal procedure
The number of sampling points of phase wavelet, c (n) indicate that the minimum phase wavelet after the removal procedure, a (n) indicate the minimum phase
Seat wave, τ indicate the serial number of above-mentioned auto-correlation or computing cross-correlation, n=1,2 ..., N, and N indicates adopting for minimum phase wavelet
Sampling point number.
S104: using the bubble compacting operator in the multiple single-shot seismic data each single-shot seismic data it is every
Road seismic data carries out process of convolution, obtains the pressed seismic data of bubble.
Each road seismic data of compacting bubble operator f (t) to single shot record is carried out convolution processing, it can be with
Seismic data after obtaining compacting bubble.Further, step S104 is repeated to all single-shot seismic datas, so that it may
All seismic datas to after compacting bubble can use the pressed seismic data of bubble and carry out geological prospecting.
Single shot record schematic diagram before being illustrated in figure 2 compacting bubble, the single shot record that Fig. 3 show after suppressing bubble show
It is intended to, it can be seen that due to the presence of bubble, there are apparent low frequency background noises by Fig. 2, and Fig. 3 is by present invention compacting gas
After bubble, low frequency noise caused by bubble is suppressed very well.It is illustrated in figure 4 single-shot data spectrum schematic diagram before suppressing bubble, such as
Fig. 5 show single-shot data spectrum schematic diagram after compacting bubble, and wherein horizontal axis indicates that frequency, the longitudinal axis indicate amplitude.It can be seen that
Since there are bubble, there are apparent frequency anomalies in low frequency for data spectrum in Fig. 4, and the figure after the present invention suppresses bubble
It can be seen that the frequency anomaly as caused by bubble is removed in 5, frequency spectrum is more smooth, reasonable.
Based on the same inventive concept, a kind of device of bubble compacting, such as following reality are additionally provided in the embodiment of the present invention
It applies described in example.Since the principle that the device of bubble compacting solves the problems, such as is similar to the method that bubble is suppressed, bubble compacting
The implementation of device may refer to the implementation of the method for bubble compacting, and overlaps will not be repeated.Used below, term is " single
The combination of the software and/or hardware of predetermined function may be implemented in member " or " module ".Although device described in following embodiment
It is preferably realized with software, but the realization of the combination of hardware or software and hardware is also that may and be contemplated.Fig. 6
It is a kind of structural block diagram of the device of the bubble compacting of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, may include: that the first wavelet obtains
Module 601, the second wavelet obtain module 602, compacting operator computing module 603, seismic data determining module 604, below to this
Structure is illustrated.
First wavelet obtains module 601, can be used for according to multiple single-shot seismic datas in work area to be measured, shown in determination
Minimum phase wavelet in work area to be measured；
Second wavelet obtains module 602, can be used for based on bubble generation time in practical exploration process, to the minimum
Phase wavelet carries out removal procedure, the minimum phase wavelet after obtaining removal procedure；
Operator computing module 603 is suppressed, can be used for being calculated according to the minimum phase wavelet after the removal procedure
Bubble in work area to be measured suppresses operator；
Seismic data determining module 604 can be used for using bubble compacting operator at least one single-shot
It shakes data and carries out process of convolution, obtain the pressed seismic data of bubble.
In one embodiment, it may include: auto-correlation processing unit that first wavelet, which obtains module, for described
The single-shot seismic data for meeting preset requirement in multiple single-shot seismic datas carries out auto-correlation processing；Superposition of data determining module,
For the autocorrelation result of multiple roads single-shot seismic data Zhong Ge seismic data to be overlapped, one of auto-correlation superposition is obtained
Data；Zero-phase wavelet computing module, for calculating the corresponding zero-phase wavelet of one of auto-correlation superposition of data；Minimum phase
Minimum phase is calculated for being based on the corresponding zero-phase wavelet of one of auto-correlation superposition of data in seat wave computing module
Seat wave.
In one embodiment, the minimum phase wavelet computing module may include: anti-wavelet computing unit, for
The anti-wavelet of the zero-phase wavelet is calculated as expectation as input, pulse in the zero-phase wavelet；Minimum wavelet meter
Unit is calculated, for using the anti-wavelet of the zero-phase wavelet as input, zero phase to be calculated as expectation in pulse
The corresponding minimum phase wavelet of wave.
In one embodiment, bubble generation time may range from: greater than be equal in the practical exploration process
40ms, and it is less than or equal to 120ms.
In one embodiment, second wavelet obtains module and specifically can be used for according to following formula to the minimum
Phase wavelet carries out removal procedure, the minimum phase wavelet after obtaining removal procedure:
C (n)=a (n) h (n)
In above formula,
In above formula, c (n) indicates that the minimum phase wavelet after the removal procedure, a (n) indicate the minimum phase wavelet,
H (n) indicates that excision function, n indicate sampling number, n0Indicate the corresponding number of sampling points of generation time of bubble.
In one embodiment, stating excision function can also include: one of Hamming window function, bell window function.
In one embodiment, the compacting operator computing module specifically can be used for cutting according to according to following formula
Except treated minimum phase wavelet, the bubble compacting operator in work area to be measured is calculated:
In above formula,
In above formula, f (t) indicates that the bubble in the work area to be measured suppresses operator, and N indicates the minimum after the removal procedure
The number of sampling points of phase wavelet, c (n) indicate that the minimum phase wavelet after the removal procedure, a (n) indicate the minimum phase
Seat wave, the serial number of τ expression auto-correlation or computing cross-correlation, the number of sampling points of N expression minimum phase wavelet, n=1,
2,…,N。
It, can be with bubble described in automatic implementation using the embodiment of the device of the compacting of bubble provided by the various embodiments described above
The method of compacting carries out bubble compacting to seismic data, it may not be necessary to which the specific participation for implementing personnel can directly export gas
Pressed seismic data is steeped as a result, simple and quick, effectively increases user experience.
In the device of the bubble compacting, the removal procedure mode of the minimum phase wavelet, the selection for cutting off function, gas
The extension of the embodiments such as the calculation of bubble compacting operator is referred to the associated description of preceding method.
Although mentioning the removal procedure mode of minimum phase wavelet, the selection for cutting off function, bubble pressure in teachings herein
The description such as calculation of operator processed, still, the application is not limited to meet described in industry the embodiment of the present application
Situation.Certain professional standards use embodiment party modified slightly in customized mode or the practice processes of embodiment description
Case also may be implemented above-described embodiment it is identical, it is equivalent or it is close or deformation after it is anticipated that implementation result.Using these modification or
The embodiment of the acquisitions such as deformed data processing/selection/calculating still may belong to the optional embodiment range of the application
Within.
Although this application provides the method operating procedure as described in embodiment or flow chart, based on conventional or noninvasive
The means for the property made may include more or less operating procedure.The step of enumerating in embodiment sequence is only numerous steps
One of execution sequence mode, does not represent and unique executes sequence.It, can be with when device in practice or end product execute
It is executed according to embodiment or method shown in the drawings sequence or parallel executes (such as parallel processor or multiple threads
Environment, even distributed data processing environment).The terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to
Non-exclusive inclusion, so that process, method, product or equipment including a series of elements are not only wanted including those
Element, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, product or equipment
Intrinsic element.In the absence of more restrictions, be not precluded include the process, method of the element, product or
There is also other identical or equivalent elements in person's equipment.
Unit, device or module that above-described embodiment illustrates etc. can specifically realize by computer chip or entity, or
It is realized by the product with certain function.For convenience of description, various modules point are divided into function when describing apparatus above
It does not describe.It certainly, when implementing the application can the function of each module is real in the same or multiple software and or hardware
It is existing, the module for realizing same function can also be realized by the combination of multiple submodule or subelement etc..Dress described above
Set that embodiment is only schematical, for example, the division of the unit, only a kind of logical function partition, in actual implementation
There may be another division manner, such as multiple units or components can be combined or can be integrated into another system or one
A little features can be ignored, or not execute.Another point, shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct-coupling or communication link
Connecing can be through some interfaces, the indirect coupling or communication connection of device or unit, can be electrical property, mechanical or other shapes
Formula.
It is also known in the art that other than realizing controller in a manner of pure computer readable program code, it is complete
Entirely can by by method and step carry out programming in logic come so that controller with logic gate, switch, specific integrated circuit, programmable
Logic controller realizes identical function with the form for being embedded in microcontroller etc..Therefore this controller is considered one kind
Hardware component, and the structure that the device for realizing various functions that its inside includes can also be considered as in hardware component.Or
Person even, can will be considered as realizing the device of various functions either the software module of implementation method can be hardware again
Structure in component.
The application can describe in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program
Module.Generally, program module includes routines performing specific tasks or implementing specific abstract data types, programs, objects, group
Part, data structure, class etc..The application can also be practiced in a distributed computing environment, in these distributed computing environments,
By executing task by the connected remote processing devices of communication network.In a distributed computing environment, program module can
To be located in the local and remote computer storage media including storage equipment.
As seen through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that the application can
It realizes by means of software and necessary general hardware platform.Based on this understanding, the technical solution essence of the application
On in other words the part that contributes to existing technology can be embodied in the form of software products, the computer software product
It can store in storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, CD, including some instructions are used so that a computer equipment
(can be personal computer, mobile terminal, server or the network equipment etc.) executes each embodiment of the application or implementation
Method described in certain parts of example.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the same or similar portion between each embodiment
Dividing may refer to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.The application can be used for crowd
In mostly general or special purpose computing system environments or configuration.Such as: personal computer, server computer, handheld device or
Portable device, laptop device, multicomputer system, microprocessor-based system, set top box, programmable electronics set
Standby, network PC, minicomputer, mainframe computer, distributed computing environment including any of the above system or equipment etc..
Although depicting the application by embodiment, it will be appreciated by the skilled addressee that the application there are many deformation and
Variation is without departing from spirit herein, it is desirable to which the attached claims include these deformations and change without departing from the application's
Spirit.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method of bubble compacting characterized by comprising
According to multiple single-shot seismic datas in work area to be measured, the minimum phase wavelet in the work area to be measured is determined；
Based on bubble generation time in practical exploration process, removal procedure is carried out to the minimum phase wavelet, is obtained at excision
Minimum phase wavelet after reason；
According to the minimum phase wavelet after the removal procedure, the bubble compacting operator in work area to be measured is calculated；
Using bubble compacting operator to the per pass earthquake number of each single-shot seismic data in the multiple single-shot seismic data
According to process of convolution is carried out, the pressed seismic data of bubble is obtained；
Wherein it is determined that the minimum phase wavelet in the work area to be measured, comprising:
Auto-correlation processing is carried out to the single-shot seismic data for meeting preset requirement in the multiple single-shot seismic data；
The autocorrelation result of multiple roads single-shot seismic data Zhong Ge seismic data is overlapped, one of auto-correlation superposition is obtained
Data；
Calculate the corresponding zero-phase wavelet of one of auto-correlation superposition of data；
Using the zero-phase wavelet as input, the anti-wavelet of the zero-phase wavelet is calculated as expectation in pulse；
Using the anti-wavelet of the zero-phase wavelet as input, it is corresponding that the zero-phase wavelet is calculated as expectation in pulse
Minimum phase wavelet.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the range of bubble generation time in the practical exploration process
Are as follows: it is more than or equal to 40ms, and is less than or equal to 120ms.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that cut off according to following formula to the minimum phase wavelet
Processing, the minimum phase wavelet after obtaining removal procedure:
C (n)=a (n) h (n)
In above formula,
In above formula, c (n) indicates that the minimum phase wavelet after the removal procedure, a (n) indicate the minimum phase wavelet, h (n)
Indicate that excision function, n indicate sampling number, n0Indicate the corresponding number of sampling points of bubble generation time.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the excision function further include: Hamming window function, bell window letter
One of number.
5. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that according to following formula according to the minimum phase after the removal procedure
The bubble compacting operator in work area to be measured is calculated in seat wave:
In above formula,
In above formula, f (t) indicates that the bubble in the work area to be measured suppresses operator, and N indicates the minimum phase after the removal procedure
The number of sampling points of wavelet, c (n) indicate that the minimum phase wavelet after the removal procedure, a (n) indicate minimum phase
Wave, τ indicate the serial number of auto-correlation or computing cross-correlation, and N indicates the number of sampling points of minimum phase wavelet, n=1,2 ..., N.
6. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that after obtaining the pressed seismic data of bubble, the side
Method further include:
Based on the pressed seismic data of the bubble, geological prospecting is carried out.
7. a kind of device of bubble compacting characterized by comprising
First wavelet obtains module, for determining in the work area to be measured according to multiple single-shot seismic datas in work area to be measured
Minimum phase wavelet；
Second wavelet obtains module, for based on bubble generation time in practical exploration process, to the minimum phase wavelet into
Row removal procedure, the minimum phase wavelet after obtaining removal procedure；
Operator computing module is suppressed, for being calculated in work area to be measured according to the minimum phase wavelet after the removal procedure
Bubble suppress operator；
Seismic data determining module, for suppressing operator to each single-shot in the multiple single-shot seismic data using the bubble
The per pass seismic data of seismic data carries out process of convolution, obtains the pressed seismic data of bubble；
Wherein, the first wavelet acquisition module includes:
Auto-correlation processing unit, for being carried out to the single-shot seismic data for meeting preset requirement in the multiple single-shot seismic data
Auto-correlation processing；
Superposition of data determining module, for folding the autocorrelation result of multiple roads single-shot seismic data Zhong Ge seismic data
Add, obtains one of auto-correlation superposition of data；
Zero-phase wavelet computing module, for calculating the corresponding zero-phase wavelet of one of auto-correlation superposition of data；
Minimum phase wavelet computing module is calculated for being based on the corresponding zero-phase wavelet of one of auto-correlation superposition of data
Minimum phase wavelet is obtained,
And the minimum phase wavelet computing module includes: anti-wavelet computing unit, for using the zero-phase wavelet as
The anti-wavelet of the zero-phase wavelet is calculated as expectation in input, pulse；Minimum wavelet computing unit, for described
The corresponding minimum phase of the zero-phase wavelet is calculated as expectation as input, pulse in the anti-wavelet of zero-phase wavelet
Wavelet.
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