CN107635236B - Wireless backhaul optimization method for 5G network - Google Patents

Wireless backhaul optimization method for 5G network Download PDF

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CN107635236B
CN107635236B CN201710733856.3A CN201710733856A CN107635236B CN 107635236 B CN107635236 B CN 107635236B CN 201710733856 A CN201710733856 A CN 201710733856A CN 107635236 B CN107635236 B CN 107635236B
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张晖
李风乐
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CERTUSNET CORP
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Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种面向5G网络的无线回程优化方法，首先，在所构建的网络系统模型的基础上，分析各个节点的干扰，从而得到各个节点的信噪比计算公式；继而，定义一个基于实际数据重发的时间间隔，提出数据重发模型，再根据所得信噪比计算得到重传时延；进而，建立以时延最小化、吞吐量最大化为目标的优化模型，并且，在分析用户数目变化的基础上，提出了针对特殊情况的优化模型；最后，针对所提出的优化模型提出了一种基于分支定界理论的启发式算法。本发明的方法在尽可能保证对每个用户公平的基础上，尽可能的满足每个用户的需求；并且，在考虑资源平衡的基础上，实现网络总体平均时延最小、网络吞吐量最大，进而提升用户体验。

Figure 201710733856

The invention discloses a 5G network-oriented wireless backhaul optimization method. First, on the basis of the constructed network system model, the interference of each node is analyzed to obtain the signal-to-noise ratio calculation formula of each node; For the actual data retransmission time interval, a data retransmission model is proposed, and then the retransmission delay is calculated according to the obtained signal-to-noise ratio; furthermore, an optimization model aiming at minimizing the delay and maximizing the throughput is established. Based on the change of the number of users, an optimization model for special cases is proposed. Finally, a heuristic algorithm based on branch and bound theory is proposed for the proposed optimization model. The method of the invention meets the needs of each user as much as possible on the basis of ensuring fairness to each user as much as possible; and on the basis of considering resource balance, the overall average network delay is minimized and the network throughput is maximized. In order to improve the user experience.

Figure 201710733856

Description

一种面向5G网络的无线回程优化方法A wireless backhaul optimization method for 5G network

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种面向5G网络的无线回程优化方法，属于无线通信技术领域。The invention relates to a 5G network-oriented wireless backhaul optimization method, and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication.

背景技术Background technique

随着无线通信技术的迅猛发展，以及用户需求的日益多样化，支持高速率、低时延、海量设备连接的第五代移动通信(5G)技术应运而生。5G网络可看作是由分层的网络构成，因此，5G网络的资源分配问题变得更加复杂。5G网络的传输可分为接入和回程两个阶段。其中，回程网络主要承担核心网和接入网之间的通信任务，是基站控制器和基站之间的信息传输网络。在5G网络中，为了应对流量的爆炸性增长，Femtocell、Picocell、Microcell等小基站的部署会具有超密集、随机等特点，使得为小基站提供费用低、高质量的回程连接成为一种挑战。With the rapid development of wireless communication technology and the increasingly diverse needs of users, the fifth-generation mobile communication (5G) technology that supports high-speed, low-latency, and massive device connections has emerged. The 5G network can be seen as a layered network, therefore, the resource allocation problem of the 5G network becomes more complicated. The transmission of 5G network can be divided into two stages: access and backhaul. Among them, the backhaul network mainly undertakes the communication task between the core network and the access network, and is an information transmission network between the base station controller and the base station. In 5G networks, in order to cope with the explosive growth of traffic, the deployment of small cells such as Femtocell, Picocell, and Microcell will be ultra-dense and random, making it a challenge to provide low-cost, high-quality backhaul connections for small cells.

目前，对5G环境下的无线回程研究主要集中在部署成本、传输速率、无线传输技术以及回程结点部署等方面。却忽略了，在小基站的无线回程网络中引入回程聚集节点的同时，使得，相比与直接连接到宏基站络进行传输，无线回程增加了一次无线传输，这就导致了整体时延的增加。因此，在对回程链路进行优化时，需要将时延问题一同进行分析，以便提高网络系统的性能。At present, research on wireless backhaul in the 5G environment mainly focuses on deployment cost, transmission rate, wireless transmission technology, and backhaul node deployment. However, it is neglected that when the backhaul aggregation node is introduced into the wireless backhaul network of the small base station, compared with the transmission directly connected to the macro base station network, one wireless transmission is added to the wireless backhaul, which leads to an increase in the overall delay. . Therefore, when optimizing the backhaul link, it is necessary to analyze the delay problem together in order to improve the performance of the network system.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

针对上述技术问题，本发明提供一种面向5G网络的无线回程优化方法。In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a wireless backhaul optimization method for 5G networks.

本发明为解决上述技术问题采用以下技术方案：The present invention adopts the following technical solutions for solving the above-mentioned technical problems:

本发明提供一种面向5G网络的无线回程优化方法，用于覆盖若干小基站的宏蜂窝网络，其中，用户通过无线连接的方式连接到宏基站MBS或者一个小基站SCBS，MBS通过光纤与核心网相连，SCBS通过无线连接的方式连接到回程聚集节点BAN，BAN再通过光纤与核心网相连进行回程传输。The present invention provides a 5G network-oriented wireless backhaul optimization method for a macro cellular network covering several small base stations, wherein a user is connected to a macro base station MBS or a small base station SCBS through a wireless connection, and the MBS communicates with the core network through an optical fiber. The SCBS is connected to the backhaul aggregation node BAN through a wireless connection, and the BAN is connected to the core network through an optical fiber for backhaul transmission.

该方法的具体步骤如下：The specific steps of this method are as follows:

步骤1，基于宏蜂窝网络的频谱分配以及干扰，构造信噪比计算公式；Step 1, based on the spectrum allocation and interference of the macro cellular network, construct a signal-to-noise ratio calculation formula;

步骤2，定义重发的时间间隔，提出基于数据重发的传输模型，并计算数据重传的平均时延，其中传输模型具体为：每个数据包会被反复地传输直到被成功接收，若成功接收时的重传次数小于等于预定义的最大重传次数，则用户向MBS或SCBS发送确认信息，否则令成功接收时的重传次数等于预定义的最大重传次数，且用户向MBS或SCBS发送非确认信息Step 2: Define the retransmission time interval, propose a transmission model based on data retransmission, and calculate the average delay of data retransmission. The transmission model is specifically: each data packet will be repeatedly transmitted until it is successfully received, if If the number of retransmissions upon successful reception is less than or equal to the predefined maximum number of retransmissions, the user sends confirmation information to the MBS or SCBS; SCBS sends non-acknowledged messages

步骤3，通过比较用户数与系统容量，建立优化模型；Step 3, establish an optimization model by comparing the number of users and the system capacity;

步骤4，采用基于分支定界的求解算法对步骤3中的优化模型进行求解，从而得到用户信道分配集合Step 4, adopt the solution algorithm based on branch and bound to solve the optimization model in step 3, so as to obtain the user channel allocation set

作为本发明的进一步技术方案，步骤1中构造的信噪比计算公式具体为：As a further technical solution of the present invention, the SNR calculation formula constructed in step 1 is specifically:

连接到MBS的用户的接收信噪比为：The received signal-to-noise ratio for users connected to the MBS is:

Figure GDA0002758405690000021
Figure GDA0002758405690000021

其中，

Figure GDA0002758405690000022
表示连接到MBS的用户n使用信道k的接收功率，N1表示来自其它相邻宏基站的干扰，N0表示热噪声；in,
Figure GDA0002758405690000022
represents the received power of user n connected to the MBS using channel k, N 1 represents interference from other adjacent macro base stations, and N 0 represents thermal noise;

连接到SCBS的用户的接收信噪比为：The received signal-to-noise ratio for users connected to SCBS is:

Figure GDA0002758405690000023
Figure GDA0002758405690000023

其中，

Figure GDA0002758405690000024
表示连接到SCBS的用户n使用信道k的接收功率，Ω′表示与用户n使用相同信道的用户的集合，而
Figure GDA0002758405690000025
表示与用户n使用相同信道的用户n′对用户n产生的干扰功率；in,
Figure GDA0002758405690000024
represents the received power of user n connected to SCBS using channel k, Ω′ represents the set of users who use the same channel as user n, and
Figure GDA0002758405690000025
represents the interference power to user n caused by user n ' using the same channel as user n;

SCBS端的接收信噪比为：The received signal-to-noise ratio at the SCBS end is:

Figure GDA0002758405690000026
Figure GDA0002758405690000026

其中，

Figure GDA0002758405690000027
表示SCBSm使用信道k的接收功率，Ω″表示与SCBSm使用相同信道的SCBS的集合，而
Figure GDA0002758405690000028
表示对与SCBSm使用相同信道的SCBSm′对SCBSm产生的干扰功率。in,
Figure GDA0002758405690000027
represents the received power of SCBSm using channel k, Ω” represents the set of SCBSs using the same channel as SCBSm, and
Figure GDA0002758405690000028
Indicates the interference power to SCBSm caused by SCBS m' using the same channel as SCBSm.

作为本发明的进一步技术方案，步骤2中所述数据重传的平均时延的计算公式为：As a further technical solution of the present invention, the calculation formula of the average delay of data retransmission described in step 2 is:

数据包由MBS到用户成功传输的平均时延为：The average delay of successful transmission of data packets from MBS to users is:

Figure GDA0002758405690000029
Figure GDA0002758405690000029

其中，pm为数据包由MBS到用户成功下行传输一次的概率，R0为数据包由MBS到用户成功下行传输的重传次数，T0为数据包由MBS传送到用户从而完成一次数据传输的时间；Among them, pm is the probability of a successful downlink transmission of the data packet from the MBS to the user, R 0 is the number of retransmissions of the data packet from the MBS to the user successfully downlink transmission, and T 0 is the data packet transmitted from the MBS to the user to complete a data transmission. time;

数据包由SCBS到用户成功传输的平均时延为：The average delay for successful transmission of data packets from SCBS to users is:

Figure GDA00027584056900000210
Figure GDA00027584056900000210

其中，ps为数据包由SCBS到用户成功下行传输一次的概率，R1为数据包由SCBS到用户成功下行传输的重传次数，T1为数据包由SCBS传送到用户从而完成一次数据传输的时间；Among them, ps is the probability of successful downlink transmission of the data packet from the SCBS to the user once, R 1 is the number of retransmissions of the data packet from the SCBS to the user successfully downlink transmission, T 1 is the data packet transmitted from the SCBS to the user to complete a data transmission time;

数据包由BAN到SCBS成功传输的平均时延为：The average delay of successful transmission of data packets from BAN to SCBS is:

Figure GDA0002758405690000031
Figure GDA0002758405690000031

其中，pb为数据包由BAN到SCBS成功下行传输一次的概率，R2为数据包由BAN到SCBS成功下行传输的重传次数，T2为数据包由BAN传送到SCBS从而完成一次数据传输的时间。Among them, p b is the probability of the successful downlink transmission of the data packet from BAN to SCBS once, R 2 is the number of retransmissions of successful downlink transmission of the data packet from BAN to SCBS, T 2 is the data packet transmitted from BAN to SCBS to complete one data transmission time.

作为本发明的进一步技术方案，步骤3具体为：As a further technical solution of the present invention, step 3 is specifically:

若|N|≤|K0|+|K1|·|M|，则建立的优化模型为：If |N|≤|K 0 |+|K 1 |·|M|, the established optimization model is:

maxRtotal-ετtotal maxR total -ετ total

s.t.s.t.

Figure GDA0002758405690000032
Figure GDA0002758405690000032

Figure GDA0002758405690000033
Figure GDA0002758405690000033

Figure GDA0002758405690000034
Figure GDA0002758405690000034

Figure GDA0002758405690000035
Figure GDA0002758405690000035

Figure GDA0002758405690000036
Figure GDA0002758405690000036

Figure GDA0002758405690000037
Figure GDA0002758405690000037

Figure GDA0002758405690000038
Figure GDA0002758405690000038

Figure GDA0002758405690000039
Figure GDA0002758405690000039

Figure GDA00027584056900000310
Figure GDA00027584056900000310

Figure GDA00027584056900000311
Figure GDA00027584056900000311

Figure GDA00027584056900000312
Figure GDA00027584056900000312

Figure GDA00027584056900000313
Figure GDA00027584056900000313

Figure GDA0002758405690000041
Figure GDA0002758405690000041

Figure GDA0002758405690000042
Figure GDA0002758405690000042

其中，K0表示MBS可分配给用户的信道集合，K1表示SCBS可分配用户的信道集合，N表示用户集合，M表示SCBS的集合，|·|表示集合内的元素数量；τtotal表示网络总的平均传输时延；ε表示第一权值，Rtotal表示网络的总吞吐量；

Figure GDA0002758405690000043
表示连接到MBS的用户n的流量，
Figure GDA0002758405690000044
表示SCBSm的流量，N(0)表示连接到MBS的用户集合；
Figure GDA0002758405690000045
表示连接到MBS的用户n是否在信道k上传输，
Figure GDA0002758405690000046
Figure GDA0002758405690000047
表示连接到SCBS的用户n是否在信道k上传输，
Figure GDA0002758405690000048
Figure GDA0002758405690000049
表示连接到BAN的SCBS m是否在信道k上传输，
Figure GDA00027584056900000410
E(MBS)表示数据包由MBS到用户成功传输的平均时延，E(SCBS)表示数据包由SCBS到用户成功传输的平均时延，E(BAN)表示数据包由BAN到SCBS成功传输的平均时延；pmax,MBS表示MBS的最大接收功率，pmax,m表示SCBSm的最大接收功率，pmax,BAN表示BAN的最大接收功率；N(1)表示连接到SCBS的用户集合；
Figure GDA00027584056900000411
表示连接到SCBSm的用户集合；显然有
Figure GDA00027584056900000412
Among them, K 0 represents the channel set that MBS can allocate to users, K 1 represents the channel set that SCBS can allocate to users, N represents the user set, M represents the set of SCBS, |·| represents the number of elements in the set; τ total represents the network The total average transmission delay; ε represents the first weight, R total represents the total throughput of the network;
Figure GDA0002758405690000043
represents the traffic of user n connected to MBS,
Figure GDA0002758405690000044
represents the traffic of SCBSm, N (0) represents the set of users connected to MBS;
Figure GDA0002758405690000045
Indicates whether user n connected to MBS transmits on channel k,
Figure GDA0002758405690000046
Figure GDA0002758405690000047
Indicates whether user n connected to SCBS transmits on channel k,
Figure GDA0002758405690000048
Figure GDA0002758405690000049
Indicates whether SCBS m connected to the BAN is transmitting on channel k,
Figure GDA00027584056900000410
E (MBS) represents the average delay of the successful transmission of the data packet from the MBS to the user, E (SCBS) represents the average delay of the successful transmission of the data packet from the SCBS to the user, and E (BAN) represents the successful transmission of the data packet from the BAN to the SCBS. Average delay; pmax ,MBS represents the maximum received power of MBS, pmax ,m represents the maximum received power of SCBSm, pmax ,BAN represents the maximum received power of BAN; N( 1 ) represents the set of users connected to SCBS;
Figure GDA00027584056900000411
represents the set of users connected to SCBSm; obviously there are
Figure GDA00027584056900000412

若|N|＞|K0|+|K1|·|M|，则建立的优化模型为：If |N|＞|K 0 |+|K 1 |·|M|, the established optimization model is:

maxRtotal-ετtotal+ω||X||1 maxR total -ετ total +ω||X|| 1

s.t.s.t.

Figure GDA00027584056900000413
Figure GDA00027584056900000413

Figure GDA00027584056900000414
Figure GDA00027584056900000414

Figure GDA00027584056900000415
Figure GDA00027584056900000415

Figure GDA00027584056900000416
Figure GDA00027584056900000416

Figure GDA0002758405690000051
Figure GDA0002758405690000051

Figure GDA0002758405690000052
Figure GDA0002758405690000052

Figure GDA0002758405690000053
Figure GDA0002758405690000053

Figure GDA0002758405690000054
Figure GDA0002758405690000054

Figure GDA0002758405690000055
Figure GDA0002758405690000055

Figure GDA0002758405690000056
Figure GDA0002758405690000056

Figure GDA0002758405690000057
Figure GDA0002758405690000057

Figure GDA0002758405690000058
Figure GDA0002758405690000058

Figure GDA0002758405690000059
Figure GDA0002758405690000059

Figure GDA00027584056900000510
Figure GDA00027584056900000510

其中，ω表示第二权值，X表示用户的连接矩阵，||X||1表示连接矩阵X中元素为1的元素数量。Among them, ω represents the second weight, X represents the user's connection matrix, and ||X|| 1 represents the number of elements whose element is 1 in the connection matrix X.

作为本发明的进一步技术方案，步骤4中采用基于分支定界的求解算法对优化模型进行求解的具体步骤为：As a further technical solution of the present invention, in step 4, the specific steps for solving the optimization model by adopting a branch-and-bound solving algorithm are:

第一步：令n＝1,k＝1,n′＝1,k′＝1，其中，n∈N，N＝N(0)∪N(1)；k∈K，K＝K0∪K1；Step 1: Let n=1, k=1, n′=1, k′=1, where n∈N, N=N (0) ∪N (1) ; k∈K, K=K 0 ∪ K 1 ;

第二步：若

Figure GDA00027584056900000511
或者
Figure GDA00027584056900000512
则转第六步；否则，转第三步；Step two: if
Figure GDA00027584056900000511
or
Figure GDA00027584056900000512
Then go to the sixth step; otherwise, go to the third step;

第三步：令

Figure GDA00027584056900000513
等于0，代入优化模型并求解，得到目标函数值f0；令
Figure GDA00027584056900000514
等于1，代入优化模型并求解，得到目标函数值f1；若f1＞f0，则令
Figure GDA00027584056900000515
Figure GDA00027584056900000516
并代入优化模型，形成新的优化问题后转第四步；否则，转第五步；The third step: make
Figure GDA00027584056900000513
is equal to 0, substituted into the optimization model and solved to obtain the objective function value f 0 ; let
Figure GDA00027584056900000514
is equal to 1, substitute into the optimization model and solve to obtain the objective function value f 1 ; if f 1 >f 0 , then let
Figure GDA00027584056900000515
Figure GDA00027584056900000516
And substitute into the optimization model to form a new optimization problem and then go to the fourth step; otherwise, go to the fifth step;

第四步：若没有遍历所有k值，将当前

Figure GDA00027584056900000517
对应的n从集合N中剔除，形成新的集合N，令k′＝(k′+1)％|K|，并将集合K中的第k′个元素的值赋给k，转第二步；否则，转第六步；Step 4: If all k values are not traversed, the current
Figure GDA00027584056900000517
The corresponding n is removed from the set N to form a new set N, let k'=(k'+1)%|K|, and assign the value of the k'th element in the set K to k, turn the second step; otherwise, go to step 6;

第五步：若没有遍历所有n值，令n′＝(n′+1)％|N|，并将集合N中的第n′个元素的值赋给n，转第三步；否则，令

Figure GDA00027584056900000518
代入优化模型，形成新的优化问题，并将当前
Figure GDA0002758405690000061
对应的k从集合K中剔除，形成新的集合K，转第二步；Step 5: If all n values are not traversed, let n'=(n'+1)%|N|, and assign the value of the n'th element in the set N to n, and go to the third step; otherwise, make
Figure GDA00027584056900000518
Substitute into the optimization model, form a new optimization problem, and convert the current
Figure GDA0002758405690000061
The corresponding k is removed from the set K to form a new set K, and go to the second step;

第六步：输出解，运算停止。Step 6: Output the solution and stop the operation.

作为本发明的进一步技术方案，第三步中利用MATLAB的linprog函数求解优化模型。As a further technical solution of the present invention, in the third step, the linprog function of MATLAB is used to solve the optimization model.

作为本发明的进一步技术方案，所述宏蜂窝网络中，MBS的接入链路使用6GHz以下频段与用户进行连接，SCBS使用28GHz频段与用户进行连接，SCBS使用60GHz的毫米波与BAN进行回程传输；不同基站内部以及不同BAN内部存在信道复用的情况。As a further technical solution of the present invention, in the macro cellular network, the access link of the MBS uses the frequency band below 6GHz to connect with the user, the SCBS uses the 28GHz frequency band to connect with the user, and the SCBS uses the millimeter wave of 60GHz to perform backhaul transmission with the BAN ; There is channel multiplexing in different base stations and in different BANs.

作为本发明的进一步技术方案，所述宏蜂窝网络中，不同SCBS接入链路间存在来自邻近小区的SCBS的干扰，SCBS接入链路与MBS接入链路间不存在干扰，SCBS回程链路与其接入链路间也不存在干扰，不同BAN内的SCBS的回程链路间存在来自相邻BAN的干扰，连接到MBS的用户只受到来自其它相邻宏基站的干扰。As a further technical solution of the present invention, in the macrocellular network, there is interference from the SCBS of adjacent cells between different SCBS access links, there is no interference between the SCBS access link and the MBS access link, and the SCBS backhaul link There is no interference between the MBS and its access link, there is interference from adjacent BANs between the backhaul links of SCBSs in different BANs, and users connected to MBS only receive interference from other adjacent macro base stations.

本发明采用以上技术方案与现有技术相比，具有以下技术效果：本发明的面向5G网络的无线回程优化方法，从系统模型出发，分析干扰，构造信噪比，计算重传时延；进而，综合考虑吞吐量、时延、用户数、功率分配等因素，建立以时延最小化、吞吐量最大化为目标的优化模型；最后，由所提出的基于分支定界思想的求解算法进行求解。一方面，在保证对每个用户公平的基础上，尽可能的满足了每个用户的需求；另一方面，在考虑资源平衡的基础上，使得基于用户选择后的网络总体平均时延最小、吞吐量最大。Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solution, and has the following technical effects: the wireless backhaul optimization method for 5G network of the present invention starts from a system model, analyzes interference, constructs a signal-to-noise ratio, and calculates the retransmission delay; , and comprehensively consider factors such as throughput, delay, number of users, and power allocation, and establish an optimization model aiming at minimizing delay and maximizing throughput. . On the one hand, on the basis of ensuring fairness to each user, the needs of each user are satisfied as much as possible; maximum throughput.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明提供的所研究系统的系统图。FIG. 1 is a system diagram of the studied system provided by the present invention.

图2为本发明提供的一种面向5G网络的无线回程优化方法流程图。FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a wireless backhaul optimization method for a 5G network provided by the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细说明：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail:

本发明一种面向5G网络的无线回程优化方法，用于宏蜂窝网络，具体步骤如图2所示。The present invention is a 5G network-oriented wireless backhaul optimization method, which is used in a macro cellular network, and the specific steps are shown in FIG. 2 .

步骤1，分析所研究的系统模型，包含系统模型的结构和频谱分配两个方面，具体为：Step 1, analyze the system model under study, including the structure of the system model and spectrum allocation, specifically:

步骤1.1，本发明所分析研究的系统是一个宏蜂窝网络，其中覆盖有许多小基站。用户可以通过无线连接的方式连接到宏基站(macro base station,MBS)或者一个小基站(small cell base station,SCBS)。MBS通过专用的光纤与核心网相连；SCBS需要通过无线连接的方式连接到回程聚集节点(Backhaul aggregate node，BAN)，而BAN再通过专用的光纤与核心网相连进行回程传输；Step 1.1, the system analyzed and studied in the present invention is a macrocellular network, which covers many small base stations. A user can connect to a macro base station (MBS) or a small cell base station (SCBS) through a wireless connection. The MBS is connected to the core network through a dedicated optical fiber; the SCBS needs to be connected to the backhaul aggregate node (BAN) through a wireless connection, and the BAN is connected to the core network through a dedicated optical fiber for backhaul transmission;

步骤1.2，分析所研究系统的频谱分配。其中，MBS的接入链路使用6GHz以下频段与用户进行连接，SCBS使用28GHz频段与用户进行连接，SCBS使用60GHz的毫米波与BAN进行回程传输，而MBS与核心网之间以及BAN与核心网之间通过专用的、高速率的光纤进行传输。另外，不同基站内部，以及不同BAN内部，存在信道复用的情况。Step 1.2, analyze the spectrum allocation of the system under study. Among them, the access link of MBS uses the frequency band below 6GHz to connect with users, SCBS uses the 28GHz frequency band to connect with users, SCBS uses 60GHz millimeter wave for backhaul transmission with BAN, and between MBS and core network and between BAN and core network They are transmitted through dedicated, high-speed optical fibers. In addition, within different base stations and within different BANs, there are cases of channel multiplexing.

步骤2，分析各节点的干扰，具体为：Step 2, analyze the interference of each node, specifically:

不同SCBS接入链路间存在来自邻近小区的SCBS的干扰，而SCBS接入链路与MBS接入链路间不存在干扰，SCBS回程链路与其接入链路间也不存在干扰，而不同BAN内的SCBS的回程链路间存在来自相邻BAN的干扰。同时，我们假定连接到MBS的用户只受到噪声功率为N1的干扰，该干扰来自其它相邻宏基站。There is interference from the SCBS of neighboring cells between different SCBS access links, but there is no interference between the SCBS access link and the MBS access link, and there is no interference between the SCBS backhaul link and its access link. There is interference from neighboring BANs between backhaul links of SCBSs within a BAN. At the same time, we assume that users connected to MBS only experience interference with noise power N1 from other neighboring macro base stations.

步骤3，构造信噪比计算公式，具体为：Step 3, construct a formula for calculating the signal-to-noise ratio, specifically:

Figure GDA0002758405690000071
Figure GDA0002758405690000071

该公式表示连接到MBS的用户的接收信噪比，其中，

Figure GDA0002758405690000072
表示连接到MBS的用户n使用信道k的接收功率，N1表示来自其它相邻宏基站的干扰，N0表示热噪声。This formula expresses the received signal-to-noise ratio of users connected to the MBS, where,
Figure GDA0002758405690000072
represents the received power of user n connected to the MBS using channel k, N 1 represents the interference from other neighboring macro base stations, and N 0 represents thermal noise.

Figure GDA0002758405690000073
Figure GDA0002758405690000073

该公式表示连接到SCBS的用户的接收信噪比，其中，

Figure GDA0002758405690000074
表示连接到SCBS的用户n使用信道k的接收功率，Ω′表示与用户n使用相同信道的用户的集合，而
Figure GDA0002758405690000075
表示与用户n使用相同信道的用户n′对用户n产生的干扰功率，N0表示热噪声。This formula expresses the received signal-to-noise ratio of users connected to SCBS, where,
Figure GDA0002758405690000074
represents the received power of user n connected to SCBS using channel k, Ω′ represents the set of users who use the same channel as user n, and
Figure GDA0002758405690000075
Indicates the interference power to user n caused by user n ' using the same channel as user n, and N 0 represents thermal noise.

Figure GDA0002758405690000076
Figure GDA0002758405690000076

该公式表示SCBS端的接收信噪比，其中，

Figure GDA0002758405690000077
表示SCBSm使用信道k的接收功率，Ω″表示与SCBSm使用相同信道的SCBS的集合，而
Figure GDA0002758405690000078
表示对与SCBSm使用相同信道的SCBSm′对SCBSm产生的干扰功率，N0表示热噪声。This formula represents the received signal-to-noise ratio at the SCBS end, where,
Figure GDA0002758405690000077
represents the received power of SCBSm using channel k, Ω” represents the set of SCBSs using the same channel as SCBSm, and
Figure GDA0002758405690000078
It represents the interference power to SCBSm generated by SCBS m' which uses the same channel as SCBSm, and N 0 represents thermal noise.

步骤4，在定义重发的时间间隔的基础上，提出基于数据重发的传输模型，具体为：Step 4: On the basis of defining the retransmission time interval, a transmission model based on data retransmission is proposed, specifically:

步骤4.1，在无线接入端，MBS与用户之间以及SCBS与用户之间通过无线方式连接，存在数据重发的可能性。当接收失败需要重发时，无线传输会产生时延。造成重发的原因有多种，这里，主要考虑来自其它发射器和信道衰落的干扰。此外，考虑如下这样一个模型，每个数据包会被反复地传输直到被成功接收，若成功接收时的重传次数小于等于预定义的最大重传次数，则用户向MBS或SCBS发送一个1bit的确认信息，否则令成功接收时的重传次数等于预定义的最大重传次数，且用户向MBS或SCBS发送一个1bit的非确认信息。需要说明的是，此处假设这些1bit的确认信息传输的时延和误差可以忽略。Step 4.1, at the wireless access end, the MBS and the user and between the SCBS and the user are connected wirelessly, and there is a possibility of data retransmission. When the reception fails and needs to be retransmitted, the wireless transmission will cause a delay. There are many reasons for retransmission. Here, interference from other transmitters and channel fading are mainly considered. In addition, consider the following model, each data packet will be repeatedly transmitted until it is successfully received, if the number of retransmissions during successful reception is less than or equal to the predefined maximum number of retransmissions, the user sends a 1-bit message to the MBS or SCBS. Confirmation information, otherwise the number of retransmissions when successfully received is equal to the predefined maximum number of retransmissions, and the user sends a 1-bit non-confirmation information to the MBS or SCBS. It should be noted that it is assumed here that the delay and error in the transmission of these 1-bit acknowledgment information can be ignored.

步骤4.2，在无线回程端，SCBS到BAN的链路为无线回程链路，存在重发的可能性，其时延的产生类似于无线接入端时延的产生。Step 4.2, at the wireless backhaul end, the link from the SCBS to the BAN is a wireless backhaul link, there is a possibility of retransmission, and the generation of the delay is similar to the generation of the delay of the wireless access end.

步骤5，计算重传时延，具体为：Step 5: Calculate the retransmission delay, specifically:

假设数据包由MBS到用户成功下行传输一次的概率是pm，且数据包由MBS到用户成功下行传输的重传次数为R0。假定一个数据包从MBS传送到用户从而完成一次数据传输的时间花费是T0，则成功传输的平均时延为：It is assumed that the probability of successful downlink transmission of a data packet from the MBS to the user once is p m , and the number of retransmissions of the successful downlink transmission of the data packet from the MBS to the user is R 0 . Assuming that the time for a data packet to be transmitted from the MBS to the user to complete a data transmission is T 0 , the average delay of successful transmission is:

Figure GDA0002758405690000081
Figure GDA0002758405690000081

假设数据包由SCBS到用户成功下行传输一次的概率是ps，且数据包由SCBS到用户成功下行传输的重传次数为R1。假定一个数据包从SCBS传送到用户从而完成一次数据传输的时间花费是T1，则成功传输的平均时延为：It is assumed that the probability of a successful downlink transmission of the data packet from the SCBS to the user once is p s , and the number of retransmissions of the successful downlink transmission of the data packet from the SCBS to the user is R 1 . Assuming that the time for a data packet to be transmitted from SCBS to the user to complete a data transmission is T 1 , the average delay of successful transmission is:

Figure GDA0002758405690000082
Figure GDA0002758405690000082

假设数据包由BAN到SCBS成功下行传输一次的概率是pb，且数据包由BAN到SCBS成功下行传输的重传次数为R2。假定一个数据包从BAN到SCBS从而完成一次数据传输的时间花费是T2，则成功传输的平均时延为：It is assumed that the probability of a successful downlink transmission of a data packet from the BAN to the SCBS once is p b , and the number of retransmissions of the successful downlink transmission of the data packet from the BAN to the SCBS is R 2 . Assuming that the time spent for a data packet from BAN to SCBS to complete a data transmission is T 2 , the average delay of successful transmission is:

Figure GDA0002758405690000083
Figure GDA0002758405690000083

步骤6，判断用户数是否超出系统容量，具体为：Step 6: Determine whether the number of users exceeds the system capacity, specifically:

系统中的最大容量为|K0|+|K1|·|M|，其中，K0表示MBS可分配给用户的信道集合，则|K0|表示MBS可分配给用户的信道数目；K1表示SCBS可分配用户的信道集合，则|K1|表示SCBS可分配用户的信道数目；M表示SCBS的集合，而|M|表示SCBS的数量；此外，N表示用户集合，|N|表示用户数量。所以，当|N|≤|K0|+|K1|·|M|，则说明用户数不超过系统容量；反之，则说明用户数超过系统容量。The maximum capacity in the system is |K 0 |+|K 1 |·|M|, where K 0 represents the set of channels that MBS can allocate to users, and |K 0 | represents the number of channels that MBS can allocate to users; K 1 represents the channel set of SCBS assignable users, then |K 1 | represents the number of channels of SCBS assignable users; M represents the set of SCBS, and |M| represents the number of SCBS; in addition, N represents the set of users, |N| represents amount of users. Therefore, when |N|≤|K 0 |+|K 1 |·|M|, it means that the number of users does not exceed the system capacity; otherwise, it means that the number of users exceeds the system capacity.

步骤7，若用户数没有超出系统容量，则建立普通优化模型，具体为：Step 7, if the number of users does not exceed the system capacity, establish a general optimization model, specifically:

maxRtotal-ετtotal maxR total -ετ total

s.t.s.t.

Figure GDA0002758405690000091
Figure GDA0002758405690000091

Figure GDA0002758405690000092
Figure GDA0002758405690000092

Figure GDA0002758405690000093
Figure GDA0002758405690000093

Figure GDA0002758405690000094
Figure GDA0002758405690000094

Figure GDA0002758405690000095
Figure GDA0002758405690000095

Figure GDA0002758405690000096
Figure GDA0002758405690000096

Figure GDA0002758405690000097
Figure GDA0002758405690000097

Figure GDA0002758405690000098
Figure GDA0002758405690000098

Figure GDA0002758405690000099
Figure GDA0002758405690000099

Figure GDA00027584056900000910
Figure GDA00027584056900000910

Figure GDA00027584056900000911
Figure GDA00027584056900000911

Figure GDA00027584056900000912
Figure GDA00027584056900000912

Figure GDA00027584056900000913
Figure GDA00027584056900000913

Figure GDA00027584056900000914
Figure GDA00027584056900000914

这里，τtotal表示网络总的平均传输时延。Rtotal表示网络的总吞吐量。

Figure GDA00027584056900000915
表示连接到MBS的用户n的流量，
Figure GDA0002758405690000101
表示SCBSm的流量，其数值皆由香农公式进行计算。ε为一个权值。K0表示MBS可分配给用户的信道集合，K1表示SCBS可分配给用户的信道集合，K2表示BAN可分配给SCBS的信道集合。pmax,MBS表示MBS的最大接收功率，pmax,m表示SCBSm的最大接收功率，pmax,BAN表示BAN的最大接收功率。
Figure GDA0002758405690000102
都是布尔值，
Figure GDA0002758405690000103
表示连接到MBS的用户n在信道k上传输，
Figure GDA0002758405690000104
则表示没有使用该信道；
Figure GDA0002758405690000105
表示连接到SCBS的用户n在信道k上传输，
Figure GDA0002758405690000106
则表示没有使用该信道；
Figure GDA0002758405690000107
表示连接到BAN的SCBS m在信道k上传输，
Figure GDA0002758405690000108
则表示没有使用该信道。N(0)表示连接到MBS的用户集合，N(1)表示连接到SCBS的用户集合。
Figure GDA0002758405690000109
表示连接到SCBS m的用户集合；显然有
Figure GDA00027584056900001010
Here, τ total represents the total average transmission delay of the network. R total represents the total throughput of the network.
Figure GDA00027584056900000915
represents the traffic of user n connected to MBS,
Figure GDA0002758405690000101
Indicates the flow rate of SCBSm, and its values are all calculated by Shannon's formula. ε is a weight. K 0 represents the channel set that the MBS can allocate to the user, K 1 represents the channel set that the SCBS can allocate to the user, and K 2 represents the channel set that the BAN can allocate to the SCBS. p max,MBS represents the maximum received power of the MBS, p max,m represents the maximum received power of the SCBSm, and p max,BAN represents the maximum received power of the BAN.
Figure GDA0002758405690000102
are boolean values,
Figure GDA0002758405690000103
indicates that user n connected to MBS transmits on channel k,
Figure GDA0002758405690000104
It means that the channel is not used;
Figure GDA0002758405690000105
indicates that user n connected to SCBS transmits on channel k,
Figure GDA0002758405690000106
It means that the channel is not used;
Figure GDA0002758405690000107
means that SCBS m connected to the BAN transmits on channel k,
Figure GDA0002758405690000108
It means that the channel is not used. N (0) represents the set of users connected to the MBS, and N (1) represents the set of users connected to the SCBS.
Figure GDA0002758405690000109
represents the set of users connected to SCBS m; obviously there are
Figure GDA00027584056900001010

这里，前三个约束分别表示了MBS节点的功率约束、SBS节点的功率约束、BAN节点的功率约束；四、五、六约束分别限定了在各自链路上，同一信道只能被单独使用；更重要的是，第七个约束保证了任意一个用户必然使用某一条链路与MBS或者SBS进行连接；第八个约束保证了BAN内的任一SBS必然占用一条链路与BAN进行连接；最后是对变量的限定。Here, the first three constraints respectively represent the power constraints of MBS nodes, the power constraints of SBS nodes, and the power constraints of BAN nodes; the fourth, fifth, and sixth constraints are respectively limited to their respective links, and the same channel can only be used alone; More importantly, the seventh constraint ensures that any user must use a certain link to connect to the MBS or SBS; the eighth constraint ensures that any SBS in the BAN must occupy a link to connect to the BAN; finally is a restriction on the variable.

步骤8，若用户数超出系统容量，则建立特殊优化模型，具体为：Step 8: If the number of users exceeds the system capacity, a special optimization model is established, specifically:

当实际用户数量超过该系统下的最大容量时，即|N|＞K0+K1·|M|时，此时必然有用户不能分配到带宽，从而不能满足用户的通信需求。此时普通优化模型中的第七个约束应松弛为When the actual number of users exceeds the maximum capacity under the system, that is, |N|>K 0 +K 1 ·|M|, there must be users who cannot be allocated bandwidth at this time, so that the communication requirements of users cannot be met. At this point the seventh constraint in the ordinary optimization model should be relaxed as

Figure GDA00027584056900001011
Figure GDA00027584056900001011

在此种情况下，为了尽可能的使得更多的用户可以进行通信，我们对普通优化模型的目标函数进行处理。定义用户的连接矩阵为X。||X||1表示此连接矩阵中的1的数目，即获得连接的用户数。同时，定义一个权值ω，将原优化模型的目标函数修改为：In this case, in order to allow as many users as possible to communicate, we process the objective function of the general optimization model. Define the user's connection matrix as X. ||X|| 1 represents the number of 1s in this connection matrix, i.e. the number of users who get connected. At the same time, define a weight ω, and modify the objective function of the original optimization model to:

maxRtotal-ετtotal+ω||X||1。maxR total -ετ total +ω||X|| 1 .

最后，将普通优化模型中的约束、目标函数进行相应的替换，从而建立特殊优化模型如下：Finally, the constraints and objective functions in the general optimization model are replaced accordingly, so as to establish a special optimization model as follows:

maxRtotal-ετtotal+ω||X||1 maxR total -ετ total +ω||X|| 1

s.t.s.t.

Figure GDA00027584056900001012
Figure GDA00027584056900001012

Figure GDA0002758405690000111
Figure GDA0002758405690000111

Figure GDA0002758405690000112
Figure GDA0002758405690000112

Figure GDA0002758405690000113
Figure GDA0002758405690000113

Figure GDA0002758405690000114
Figure GDA0002758405690000114

Figure GDA0002758405690000115
Figure GDA0002758405690000115

Figure GDA0002758405690000116
Figure GDA0002758405690000116

Figure GDA0002758405690000117
Figure GDA0002758405690000117

Figure GDA0002758405690000118
Figure GDA0002758405690000118

Figure GDA0002758405690000119
Figure GDA0002758405690000119

Figure GDA00027584056900001110
Figure GDA00027584056900001110

Figure GDA00027584056900001111
Figure GDA00027584056900001111

Figure GDA00027584056900001112
Figure GDA00027584056900001112

Figure GDA00027584056900001113
Figure GDA00027584056900001113

步骤9，根据所提出的基于分支定界的求解算法，对优化模型进行求解，得到信道分配，具体为：Step 9, according to the proposed solution algorithm based on branch and bound, the optimization model is solved to obtain the channel allocation, specifically:

由所建立模型中的约束条件

Figure GDA00027584056900001114
不难发现：若有
Figure GDA00027584056900001115
成立，则必然有
Figure GDA00027584056900001116
成立。鉴于此特点，并结合分支定界思想，提出针对本发明的基于分支定界思想的求解算法对优化问题进行求解。Constraints in the established model
Figure GDA00027584056900001114
It is not difficult to find: if there is
Figure GDA00027584056900001115
established, there must be
Figure GDA00027584056900001116
established. In view of this feature, combined with the branch and bound idea, a solution algorithm based on the branch and bound idea of the present invention is proposed to solve the optimization problem.

其详细步骤为：The detailed steps are:

第一步：令n＝1,k＝1,n′＝1,k′＝1。其中，n∈N，N＝N(0)∪N(1)；k∈K，K＝K0∪K1。Step 1: Let n=1, k=1, n′=1, k′=1. Among them, n∈N, N=N (0) ∪N (1) ; k∈K, K=K 0 ∪K 1 .

第二步：若

Figure GDA00027584056900001117
或者
Figure GDA00027584056900001118
则转第六步；否则，转第三步。Step two: if
Figure GDA00027584056900001117
or
Figure GDA00027584056900001118
Then go to the sixth step; otherwise, go to the third step.

第三步：令

Figure GDA00027584056900001119
等于0，带入原优化模型，然后利用MATLAB的linprog函数求解该优化模型，记其目标函数值为f0；令
Figure GDA00027584056900001120
等于1，带入原优化模型，然后利用MATLAB的linprog函数求解该优化模型，记其目标函数值为f1。若f1＞f0，则令
Figure GDA00027584056900001121
Figure GDA0002758405690000121
并且将这些数值带入优化模型，形成新的优化问题，转第四步；否则，转第五步。The third step: make
Figure GDA00027584056900001119
equal to 0, bring in the original optimization model, and then use the linprog function of MATLAB to solve the optimization model, and record its objective function value as f 0 ; let
Figure GDA00027584056900001120
equal to 1, bring in the original optimization model, and then use the linprog function of MATLAB to solve the optimization model, and record its objective function value as f 1 . If f 1 >f 0 , then let
Figure GDA00027584056900001121
Figure GDA0002758405690000121
And bring these values into the optimization model to form a new optimization problem, go to the fourth step; otherwise, go to the fifth step.

第四步：若没有遍历所有k值，就将

Figure GDA0002758405690000122
对应的n从集合N中剔除，形成新的集合N，令k′＝(k′+1)％|K|，并将集合K中的第k′个元素的值赋给k，转第二步；否则，转第六步。Step 4: If all k values are not traversed, then
Figure GDA0002758405690000122
The corresponding n is removed from the set N to form a new set N, let k'=(k'+1)%|K|, and assign the value of the k'th element in the set K to k, turn the second step; otherwise, go to step 6.

第五步：若没有遍历所有n值，令n′＝(n′+1)％|N|，并将集合N中的第n′个元素的值赋给n，转第三步；否则，令

Figure GDA0002758405690000123
并且带入该分量，形成新的优化问题，并将
Figure GDA0002758405690000124
对应的k从集合K中剔除，形成新的集合K，转第二步。Step 5: If all n values are not traversed, let n'=(n'+1)%|N|, and assign the value of the n'th element in the set N to n, and go to the third step; otherwise, make
Figure GDA0002758405690000123
And bring in this component, form a new optimization problem, and put
Figure GDA0002758405690000124
The corresponding k is removed from the set K to form a new set K, and go to the second step.

第六步：输出解，运算停止。Step 6: Output the solution and stop the operation.

以上所述，仅为本发明中的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉该技术的人在本发明所揭露的技术范围内，可理解想到的变换或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的包含范围之内，因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, any person familiar with the technology can understand the transformation or replacement that comes to mind within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, All should be included within the scope of the present invention, therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (5)

1. A wireless backhaul optimization method facing a 5G network is used for a macro cellular network covering a plurality of small base stations, wherein a user is connected to a macro base station MBS or a small base station SCBS in a wireless connection mode, the MBS is connected with a core network through an optical fiber, the SCBS is connected to a backhaul aggregation node BAN in a wireless connection mode, and the BAN is connected with the core network through the optical fiber for backhaul transmission, and the method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step 1, constructing a signal-to-noise ratio calculation formula based on spectrum allocation and interference of a macro cellular network; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the received signal-to-noise ratio of users connected to the MBS is:
Figure FDA0002758405680000011
wherein,
Figure FDA0002758405680000012
indicating the received power of channel k used by user N connected to MBS, N1Representing interference from other neighboring macro base stations, N0Representing thermal noise;
the received signal-to-noise ratio of a user connected to the SCBS is:
Figure FDA0002758405680000013
wherein,
Figure FDA0002758405680000014
denotes the received power of channel k used by user n connected to the SCBS, Ω' denotes the set of users using the same channel as user n, and
Figure FDA0002758405680000015
indicating users using the same channel as user nn' interference power generated to user n;
the receiving signal-to-noise ratio of the SCBS end is as follows:
Figure FDA0002758405680000016
wherein,
Figure FDA0002758405680000017
denotes the received power of channel k used by SCBSM, and Ω' denotes the phase used by SCBSMA set of co-channel SCBSs, and
Figure FDA0002758405680000018
representing SCBS using the same channel as SCBSMm′Interference power generated to the SCBSm;
step 2, defining a retransmission time interval, providing a transmission model based on data retransmission, and calculating the average time delay of data retransmission, wherein the transmission model specifically comprises: each data packet can be repeatedly transmitted until being successfully received, if the retransmission times during successful receiving is less than or equal to the predefined maximum retransmission times, the user sends confirmation information to the MBS or SCBS, otherwise, the retransmission times during successful receiving is equal to the predefined maximum retransmission times, and the user sends non-confirmation information to the MBS or SCBS;
the calculation formula of the average time delay of the data retransmission is as follows:
the average time delay of successful transmission of the data packet from the MBS to the user is as follows:
Figure FDA0002758405680000019
wherein p ismIs the probability, R, of successful downlink transmission of a data packet from MBS to user once0Retransmission times, T, for successful downlink transmission of data packets from MBS to user0The time for transmitting the data packet to the user by the MBS so as to complete one data transmission;
the average delay from the SCBS to the successful transmission of the packet to the user is:
Figure FDA0002758405680000021
wherein p issIs the probability, R, that a data packet will be successfully downlinked once from SCBS to user1The number of retransmissions, T, for successful downstream transmission of a data packet from the SCBS to a user1The time for a data packet to be transmitted by the SCBS to the user to complete a data transmission;
the average delay for successful transmission of a data packet from the BAN to the SCBS is:
Figure FDA0002758405680000022
wherein p isbIs the probability, R, of a successful single-time downstream transmission of a data packet from BAN to SCBS2The retransmission times, T, for successful downstream transmission of the data packet from BAN to SCBS2The time for a data packet to be transmitted from the BAN to the SCBS to complete a data transmission;
step 3, establishing an optimization model by comparing the number of users with the system capacity; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
if | N | is less than or equal to | K0|+|K1And | M |, the established optimization model is as follows:
max Rtotal-ετtotal
s.t.
Figure FDA0002758405680000023
Figure FDA0002758405680000024
Figure FDA0002758405680000025
Figure FDA0002758405680000026
Figure FDA0002758405680000027
Figure FDA0002758405680000028
Figure FDA0002758405680000029
Figure FDA0002758405680000031
Figure FDA0002758405680000032
Figure FDA0002758405680000033
Figure FDA0002758405680000034
Figure FDA0002758405680000035
Figure FDA0002758405680000036
Figure FDA0002758405680000037
wherein, K0Indicating the set of channels that the MBS can allocate to a user, K1Representing a channel set of SCBS assignable users, N representing a user set, M representing a set of SCBS, |, representing the number of elements in the set; tau istotalRepresents the total average transmission delay of the network; ε represents the first weight, RtotalRepresents the total throughput of the network;
Figure FDA0002758405680000038
indicating the traffic of user n connected to the MBS,
Figure FDA0002758405680000039
flow representing SCBSM, N(0)Represents a set of users connected to the MBS;
Figure FDA00027584056800000310
indicating whether user n connected to MBS is transmitting on channel k,
Figure FDA00027584056800000311
Figure FDA00027584056800000312
indicating whether user n connected to the SCBS is transmitting on channel k,
Figure FDA00027584056800000313
Figure FDA00027584056800000314
indicates whether the SCBSm connected to BAN is transmitting on channel k,
Figure FDA00027584056800000315
E(MBS)indicating the average delay of successful transmission of a data packet from the MBS to the user, E(SCBS)Representing the average delay of successful transmission of a data packet from the SCBS to the subscriber, E(BAN)Represents the average time delay of successful transmission of the data packet from the BAN to the SCBS; p is a radical ofmax,MBSIndicating the maximum received power, p, of the MBSmax,mRepresents the maximum received power, p, of the SCBSSmmax,BANRepresents the maximum received power of the BAN; n is a radical of(1)Represents a set of users connected to the SCBS;
Figure FDA00027584056800000316
represents a collection of users connected to the SCBSSm, and
Figure FDA00027584056800000317
if | N | > | K0|+|K1And | M |, the established optimization model is as follows:
max Rtotal-ετtotal+ω||X||1
s.t.
Figure FDA0002758405680000041
Figure FDA0002758405680000042
Figure FDA0002758405680000043
Figure FDA0002758405680000044
Figure FDA0002758405680000045
Figure FDA0002758405680000046
Figure FDA0002758405680000047
Figure FDA0002758405680000048
Figure FDA0002758405680000049
Figure FDA00027584056800000410
Figure FDA00027584056800000411
Figure FDA00027584056800000412
Figure FDA00027584056800000413
Figure FDA00027584056800000414
wherein ω represents the second weight, X represents the connection matrix of the user, | X | | caly1Represents the number of elements of which the element in the connection matrix X is 1;
and 4, solving the optimization model in the step 3 by adopting a solving algorithm based on branch and bound so as to obtain a user channel distribution set.
2. The method for optimizing the wireless backhaul oriented to the 5G network according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of solving the optimization model by using a solution algorithm based on branch and bound in step 4 are as follows:
the first step is as follows: let N be 1, k be 1, N' be 1, k be 1, where N is N, N is N(0)∪N(1)；k∈K，K＝K0∪K1；
The second step is that: if it is
Figure FDA00027584056800000415
Or
Figure FDA00027584056800000416
Turning to the sixth step; otherwise, turning to the third step;
the third step: order to
Figure FDA00027584056800000417
Equal to 0, substituting the optimization model and solving to obtain an objective function value f0(ii) a Order to
Figure FDA00027584056800000418
Equal to 1, substituting the optimization model and solving to obtain an objective function value f1(ii) a If f1＞f0Then give an order
Figure FDA0002758405680000051
Figure FDA0002758405680000052
Substituting the optimization model to form a new optimization problem, and turning to the fourth step; otherwise, turning to the fifth step;
the fourth step: if not all the k values are traversed, the current value is set
Figure FDA0002758405680000053
Removing corresponding N from the set N to form a new set N, enabling K ' (K ' + 1)% | K |, assigning the value of the kth ' element in the set K to K, and turning to the second step; otherwise, turning to the sixth step;
the fifth step: if all the N values are not traversed, making N ═ N '+ 1)% | N |, assigning the value of the nth' element in the set N to N, and turning to the third step; otherwise, it orders
Figure FDA0002758405680000054
Substituting the optimization model to form a new optimization problem and adding the current optimization problem
Figure FDA0002758405680000055
Removing the corresponding K from the set K to form a new set K, and turning to the second step;
and a sixth step: and outputting the solution and stopping the operation.
3. The method for optimizing the wireless backhaul oriented to the 5G network according to claim 2, wherein in the third step, the optimization model is solved by using a linprog function of MATLAB.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in the macro cellular network, an access link of an MBS is connected to a user using a frequency band below 6GHz, an SCBS is connected to the user using a 28GHz frequency band, and the SCBS uses 60GHz millimeter waves for backhaul transmission with a BAN; there are channel multiplexing situations inside different base stations and inside different BANs.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in the macro cellular network, interference from SCBS of neighboring cells exists between different SCBS access links, interference does not exist between an SCBS access link and an MBS access link, interference does not exist between an SCBS backhaul link and its access link, interference from neighboring BANs exists between backhaul links of SCBSs in different BANs, and users connected to MBS are only interfered by other neighboring macro base stations.
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