CN108123745B - A data transmission method, receiver and transmitter - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application discloses a data transmission method, a receiver and a transmitter, wherein the method includes: the receiver receives, through a fixed beam, a plurality of training sequences sent by a transmitter through a plurality of training beams, the plurality of training beams being based on Determined by the first data beam currently transmitted by the transmitter; the receiver determines the offset information of the first data beam based on the multiple training sequences; the receiver sends the data to the transmitter. and the offset information, so that the transmitter determines a second data beam for subsequent data transmission based on the offset information. By adopting the present application, the data transmission efficiency can be improved and the system overhead can be reduced.

Description

A data transmission method, receiver and transmitter

technical field

The present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a data transmission method, a receiver and a transmitter.

Background technique

As the demand for network capacity continues to increase, users have higher and higher demand for spectrum resources. However, the spectrum resources of traditional frequency bands are very limited, so higher frequency bands need to be used for communication to obtain abundant spectrum resources, such as millimeter-wave band communication. In actual communication, since the space loss of the millimeter wave frequency band is greater than that of the low frequency band, the transmission distance under the same transmit power will be smaller than that of other low frequency bands, so the millimeter communication system usually uses the directional beam to establish the communication between the base station and the user equipment. , to reduce space loss.

The directional beams in the communication system are generally obtained by training between the base station and the user equipment using certain time and frequency resources, and the number of training beams varies with the movement of the user equipment, the width of the beam and other factors, such as the moving speed. The faster, the narrower the beamwidth, the more training beams are required, and the higher the system overhead. Moreover, the beams used for data transmission can only be selected from the used training beams, which causes the beam adjustment accuracy to be affected by the design of the training beams, resulting in low data transmission efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present application provides a data transmission method, a receiver and a transmitter, which can improve data transmission efficiency and reduce system overhead.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a data transmission method, which can be specifically applied to a receiver, including:

The receiver receives, through the fixed beam, multiple training sequences sent by the transmitter through multiple training beams;

the receiver determines offset information of the first data beam based on the plurality of training sequences;

The receiver sends offset information to the transmitter so that the transmitter determines a second data beam for subsequent data transmission based on the offset information.

Optionally, the receiver may be a mobile station (English: Mobile Station, MS for short) or a base station (English: Base Station, BS for short); correspondingly, the transmitter may be a BS or an MS .

The first data beam may refer to a beam currently used by the transmitter for data transmission, that is, a beam used by the transmitter for data transmission before beam training. The plurality of training beams may be determined based on a first data beam currently transmitted by the transmitter, and the training beams may correspond one-to-one with the training sequence.

In some possible implementations, the plurality of training beams may be determined based on a preset angular disturbance amount and the direction of the first data beam.

In some possible implementations, the offset information may include at least one of the following: an Azimuth angle of departure (English: Azimuth angle of departure, AoD for short) of the transmitter, a Zinthangle (English: Zinthangle) of the transmitter of departure, ZoD for short), the ratio of the strongest diameter of each training beam to the first data beam, and the angle offset of the first data beam. The angular offset may refer to a physical angular offset, or may refer to an angular offset of a virtual domain.

In some possible implementations, the receiver determines offset information of the first data beam based on the plurality of training sequences, including:

The receiver receives the antenna configuration information of the multiple training sequences transmitted by the transmitter, calculates the power delay responses of the multiple training beams according to the multiple training sequences, and calculates the power delay responses of the multiple training beams according to the power delay responses of the multiple training beams and the antenna. The configuration information determines offset information of the first data beam. Therefore, the data transmission beam can be quickly adjusted based on the offset information, thereby improving the data transmission efficiency and reducing the system overhead.

The antenna configuration information may include the number of columns, the number of rows, and one or more of the column antenna spacing and the row antenna spacing of the antenna array.

In some possible implementations, the receiver determines offset information of the first data beam based on the plurality of training sequences, including:

The receiver calculates the power delay responses of the multiple training beams according to the multiple training sequences; determines the delay with the largest amplitude response according to the power delay responses of the multiple training beams; and calculates the delay with the largest amplitude response according to the delay response of the multiple training beams The ratio of the strongest diameter of each training beam to the first data beam. In this implementation, the ratio of the strongest diameter of the training beam to the first data beam can be sent to the transmitter, so that the transmitter can calculate the angular offset of the transmitter based on the ratio of the strongest diameter, and based on the ratio of the strongest diameter The angle offset determines a new data transmission beam, that is, the second data beam, and the MS is no longer required to calculate the angle offset or direction, thereby reducing MS calculation and reducing MS power consumption.

In some possible implementations, the receiver may also obtain a power delay response of the first data beam. Then the receiver determines the offset information of the first data beam according to the power delay responses of the multiple training beams and the antenna configuration information, including:

The receiver determines offset information of the first data beam according to the power delay responses of the first data beam, the power delay responses of the plurality of training beams, and the antenna configuration information. That is, the offset information may be further determined in combination with the power delay response of the first data beam, thereby improving the accuracy of the determined offset information.

In some possible implementations, the receiver may also receive a training notification message sent by the transmitter, where the training notification message indicates that there is a next beam training time or a training time interval of the beam training.

The time of the next beam training or the training time interval of the beam training may be determined based on the offset information, so that the beam training time can be adjusted in time based on the offset information to reduce training overhead and further reduce system overhead .

In a second aspect, the present application also provides a data transmission method, which can be specifically applied to a transmitter, including:

The transmitter generates one or more training sequences; sends the one or more training sequences to the receiver through a plurality of training beams; receives the offset information of the first data beam sent from the receiver; determines according to the offset information A second data beam for subsequent data transmission.

The first data beam may refer to a beam currently used by the transmitter for data transmission, that is, a beam used by the transmitter for data transmission before beam training. The plurality of training beams may be determined based on a first data beam currently transmitted by the transmitter, and the training beams may correspond one-to-one with the training sequence. Therefore, the transmitter can quickly adjust the data transmission beam based on the offset information sent by the receiver, so as to maintain the quality of the communication link, thereby improving the data transmission efficiency and reducing the system overhead.

In some possible implementations, the plurality of training beams may be determined based on a preset angular disturbance amount and the direction of the first data beam. The angular disturbance amount may be determined by the transmitter in real time and sent to the receiver, or may be pre-configured, such as determined by the receiver and the transmitter through pre-negotiation; the direction of the first data beam may be is sent by the transmitter to the receiver.

In some possible implementations, the offset information may include at least one of the following: the AoD of the transmitter, the ZoD of the transmitter, the ratio of each training beam to the strongest path of the first data beam, the first Angular offset of the data beam.

In some possible implementations, the transmitter may also send antenna configuration information for the transmitter to transmit the one or more training sequences to the receiver, so that the receiver determines the bias based on the antenna configuration information and the training sequence move information.

The antenna configuration information may include the number of columns, the number of rows, and one or more of the column antenna spacing and the row antenna spacing of the antenna array.

In some possible implementations, after the transmitter receives the offset information of the first data beam sent from the receiver, the transmitter may further determine the next beam training time or the beam training training time according to the offset information interval; the transmitter generates a training notification message including the time of the next beam training or the training time interval, and sends the training notification message to the receiver. Therefore, the beam training time can be adjusted in time based on the offset information, so as to reduce the training overhead and further reduce the system overhead.

In some possible implementations, the transmitter determines the next beam training time or beam training training time interval according to the offset information, including:

When the value indicated by the offset information is higher than the preset first offset threshold, the transmitter adjusts the training time interval of beam training to a time interval smaller than the current training time interval by the preset threshold;

When the value indicated by the offset information is lower than or equal to the preset second offset threshold, the transmitter adjusts the training time interval of beam training to a time interval greater than the current training time interval by the preset threshold.

Wherein, the first offset threshold and the second offset threshold may be set to be the same, or the first offset threshold may be set to be greater than the second offset threshold. Optionally, the value indicated by the offset information may refer to an angular offset, or an average offset of the angular offset within a unit time. The average offset can be calculated according to the angle offset and the current beam training time.

In a third aspect, the present application further provides a receiver, the receiver includes: a receiving module, a determining module and a sending module, the receiver implements some or all of the steps of the data transmission method of the first aspect above through the above-mentioned modules.

In a fourth aspect, the present application also provides a transmitter, the transmitter includes: a sequence generation module, a transmission module, a reception module and a beam determination module, the transmitter implements part of the data transmission method of the second aspect above through the above modules or all steps.

In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a computer storage medium, where a program is stored in the computer storage medium, and when the program is executed, the program includes part or all of the steps of the data transmission method of the first aspect.

In a sixth aspect, the present application further provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium stores a program, and when the program is executed, the program includes part or all of the steps of the data transmission method of the second aspect.

In a seventh aspect, the present application further provides a receiver, comprising: a communication interface, a memory, and a processor, the processor is respectively connected to the communication interface and the memory; wherein,

the memory is used to store program instructions;

The processor is configured to invoke program instructions in the memory to execute:

Multiple training sequences sent by the transmitter through multiple training beams are received based on the communication interface and through the fixed beam, the multiple training beams are determined based on the first data beam currently transmitted by the transmitter, the training beams are in one-to-one correspondence with the training sequence;

determining offset information of the first data beam based on the plurality of training sequences;

The offset information is sent to the transmitter over the communication interface such that the transmitter determines a second data beam for subsequent data transmission based on the offset information.

Optionally, the processor is configured to execute part or all of the steps of the data transmission method of the first aspect.

In an eighth aspect, the present application further provides a transmitter, comprising: a communication interface, a memory, and a processor, wherein the processor is respectively connected to the communication interface and the memory; wherein,

the memory is used to store program instructions;

The processor is configured to invoke program instructions in the memory to execute:

generate one or more training sequences;

The one or more training sequences are sent to the receiver based on the communication interface and through a plurality of training beams, the plurality of training beams being determined based on the first data beam of the current data transmission of the transmitter, the training beams are in one-to-one correspondence with the training sequence;

receiving offset information from the first data beam sent by the receiver based on the communication interface;

A second data beam for subsequent data transmission is determined according to the offset information.

Optionally, the processor is configured to execute part or all of the steps of the data transmission method of the second aspect.

In a ninth aspect, the present application also provides a data transmission system, including a transmitter and a receiver; wherein,

the transmitter, configured to generate one or more training sequences, and send the one or more training sequences to the receiver through a plurality of training beams, wherein the plurality of training beams are based on the current data transmission of the transmitter determined by the first data beam of , the training beam is in one-to-one correspondence with the training sequence;

The receiver is configured to receive, through a fixed beam, multiple training sequences sent by a transmitter through multiple training beams, determine offset information of the first data beam based on the multiple training sequences, and report to the transmitter sending the offset information;

The transmitter is further configured to receive the offset information sent from the receiver, and determine a second data beam for subsequent data transmission according to the offset information.

Optionally, the transmitter is configured to perform part or all of the steps of the data transmission method of the first aspect; the receiver is configured to perform some or all of the steps of the data transmission method of the second aspect.

In a tenth aspect, the present application also provides a data transmission method, which is applied in a receiver, including:

The receiver receives multiple training sequences sent by the transmitter through fixed beams through multiple training beams, the multiple training beams are determined based on the first data beam currently transmitted by the receiver, and the training beams are the same as all the training beams. The training sequences are in one-to-one correspondence;

the receiver determines offset information for the first data beam based on the plurality of training sequences;

The receiver determines a second data beam for subsequent data transmission based on the offset information.

The multiple training beams are determined based on a preset angular disturbance amount and the direction of the first data beam.

In some possible implementations, the offset information may include at least one of the following:

The azimuth angle of arrival (English: Azimuth angle of arrival, referred to as AoA) of the receiver, the apex angle of arrival (English: Zinth angle of arrival, referred to as ZoA) of the receiver, each training beam and the first A ratio of the strongest diameters of a data beam, and an angular offset of the first data beam.

In some possible implementations, the receiver determines offset information of the first data beam based on the plurality of training sequences, including:

acquiring, by the receiver, antenna configuration information for the receiver to receive the plurality of training sequences;

calculating, by the receiver, power delay responses of the plurality of training beams according to the plurality of training sequences;

The receiver determines offset information of the first data beam according to the power delay responses of the multiple training beams and the antenna configuration information.

In some possible implementations, the receiver determines offset information of the first data beam based on the plurality of training sequences, including:

calculating, by the receiver, power delay responses of the plurality of training beams according to the plurality of training sequences;

The receiver determines the delay with the largest amplitude response according to the power delay responses of the multiple training beams;

The receiver calculates the ratio of each training beam to the strongest diameter of the first data beam according to the maximum time delay of the amplitude response.

The antenna configuration information may include the number of columns, the number of rows, and one or more of the column antenna spacing and the row antenna spacing of the antenna array.

In some possible implementations, the receiver may also obtain a power delay response of the first data beam; further, the receiver determines the power delay response of each training beam and the antenna configuration information The offset information of the first data beam includes:

The receiver determines the offset information of the first data beam according to the power delay response of the first data beam, the power delay response of each training beam, and the antenna configuration information.

In some possible implementations, the method further includes:

the receiver sends the offset information to the transmitter;

The receiver receives a training notification message sent by the transmitter, where the training notification message indicates that there is a next beam training time or a training time interval of the beam training.

The time of the next beam training or the training time interval of the beam training is determined based on the offset information.

In an eleventh aspect, the present application also provides a data transmission method, which is applied in the transmitter, including:

The transmitter generates one or more training sequences;

The transmitter sends the one or more training sequences to the receiver through a fixed beam, so that the receiver determines the offset information of the first data beam of the current data transmission based on the one or more sequences, and according to The offset information determines a second data beam for subsequent data transmission.

In some possible implementations, the method further includes:

the transmitter receives offset information of the first data beam sent from the receiver;

The transmitter determines the next beam training time or beam training training time interval according to the offset information;

The transmitter generates a training notification message including the time of the next beam training or the training time interval, and sends the training notification message to the receiver.

In some possible implementations, the offset information includes at least one of the following:

The AoA of the receiver, the ZoA of the receiver, the ratio of each training beam to the strongest diameter of the first data beam, and the angular offset of the first data beam.

In some possible implementations, the transmitter determines the next beam training time or beam training training time interval according to the offset information, including:

When the value indicated by the offset information is higher than the preset first offset threshold, the transmitter adjusts the training time interval of beam training to a time interval smaller than the current training time interval by the preset threshold;

When the value indicated by the offset information is lower than or equal to the preset second offset threshold, the transmitter adjusts the training time interval of beam training to a time interval greater than the current training time interval by the preset threshold.

In a twelfth aspect, the present application further provides a receiver, the receiver includes: a receiving module and a determining module, the receiver implements some or all of the steps of the data transmission method of the tenth aspect above through the above-mentioned modules.

In a thirteenth aspect, the present application further provides a transmitter, the transmitter includes: a generating module and a sending module, the transmitter implements some or all of the steps of the data transmission method of the eleventh aspect above through the above-mentioned modules.

In a fourteenth aspect, the present application further provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium stores a program, and when the program is executed, the program includes part or all of the steps of the data transmission method of the tenth aspect.

In a fifteenth aspect, the present application further provides a computer storage medium, where a program is stored in the computer storage medium, and when the program is executed, the program includes part or all of the steps of the data transmission method of the eleventh aspect.

In a sixteenth aspect, the present application further provides a receiver, including: a communication interface, a memory, and a processor, the processor is connected to the communication interface and the memory, respectively; wherein, the processor is configured to execute the above Some or all of the steps of the data transmission method of the tenth aspect.

In a seventeenth aspect, the present application further provides a transmitter, comprising: a communication interface, a memory, and a processor, wherein the processor is respectively connected to the communication interface and the memory; wherein, the processor is configured to execute the above Part or all of the steps of the data transmission method of the eleventh aspect.

In an eighteenth aspect, the present application further provides a data transmission system, including a transmitter and a receiver; wherein,

the transmitter, configured to perform part or all of the steps of the data transmission method of the tenth aspect;

The receiver is configured to execute part or all of the steps of the data transmission method of the eleventh aspect.

In the technical solution provided by the present application, the receiver can receive multiple training sequences sent by the transmitter through multiple training beams through the fixed beam, so that the offset of the first data beam of the current data transmission can be determined based on the multiple training sequences The offset information is sent to the transmitter, so that the transmitter can determine the second data beam for subsequent data transmission based on the offset information, thereby improving the data transmission efficiency and reducing the system overhead.

Description of drawings

1 is an architecture diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2a is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitter in the communication system shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 2b is a schematic structural diagram of a receiver in the communication system shown in Fig. 1;

3 is an interactive schematic diagram of a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

4a is a schematic diagram of a beam disturbance provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4b is a schematic diagram of another beam disturbance provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4c is a schematic diagram of another beam disturbance provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4d is a schematic diagram of another beam disturbance provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

5a is a schematic diagram of a coordinate system of an antenna configuration provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

5b is a schematic diagram of a spherical coordinate system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic diagram of an angle offset provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

7 is an interactive schematic diagram of another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

8 is an interactive schematic diagram of another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

9 is an interactive schematic diagram of another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

10 is an interactive schematic diagram of another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

11 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention;

12 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

13 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

14 is a schematic structural diagram of another receiver provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another transmitter provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

The "first", "second", etc. mentioned in this application are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the term "comprising" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or modules is not limited to the listed steps or modules, but optionally also includes unlisted steps or modules, or optionally also includes Other steps or modules inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

It should be understood that the technical solutions of the present application can be applied to various communication systems using array antennas for communication, such as Code Division Multiple Access (English: Code Division Multiple Access, CDMA for short), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (English: Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, referred to as WCDMA), Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (English: TimeDivision-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access, referred to as TD-SCDMA), Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (English: Universal Mobile Telecommunication System, referred to as UMTS), Long Term Evolution (English : Long Term Evolution, referred to as LTE) system, etc. With the continuous development of communication technology, the technical solution of the present application can also be used in future networks, such as the fifth generation mobile communication technology (English: The Fifth Generation Mobile Communication Technology, referred to as 5G) network , the embodiments of the present invention are not limited.

In this application, a mobile station (English: Mobile Station, referred to as MS) may also be referred to as user equipment (English: User Equipment, referred to as UE), a terminal, or a mobile terminal. It may communicate with one or more core networks via a radio access network (such as a RAN, radio access network), and the user equipment may be a mobile terminal, such as a mobile phone (or "cellular" phone) and a computer with a mobile terminal, There may also be portable, pocket-sized, hand-held, computer built-in or vehicle mounted mobile devices that exchange language and/or data with the wireless access network, among others. In this embodiment of the present invention, the BS may be a base station in GSM or CDMA, such as a base transceiver station (English: Base Transceiver Station, BTS for short), or a base station in WCDMA, such as a NodeB, or a base station in LTE An evolved base station, such as an eNB or an e-NodeB (evolutional Node B), or a base station in a future network, is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

The following describes application scenarios of the embodiments of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is an architecture diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , the communication system includes a transmitter and a receiver, the transmitter may be a BS or an MS, and accordingly, the receiver may be an MS or a BS. The beam used for data transmission can be determined through beam training between the transmitter and the receiver, thereby realizing data transmission.

Further, please refer to FIG. 2a and FIG. 2b together, FIG. 2a is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitter in the communication system shown in FIG. 1 , and FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of a receiver in the communication system shown in FIG. 1 . Schematic. As shown in FIG. 2a, the transmitter may include a radio front (Radio Front), a digital to analog converter (English: Digital to Analog Converter, DAC for short), a baseband processor (Baseband processor) and a beamforming unit (Beamforming Unit). The baseband processor of the transmitter is used to process the transmitted or received signals, including layer mapping, precoding, modulation/demodulation, coding/coding, etc. Broadcast channels, reference signals, etc. are processed. For example, the baseband processor can modulate, shape and frame the 01 data from the MAC, and input it to the digital-to-analog converter. The data from the digital-to-analog converter then up-converts and modulates the signal to the carrier frequency through the RF front-end. The antenna emits. The transmitter RF front end usually includes a power distribution network (Divider), a phase shifter and an antenna array for beamforming. The beamforming unit controls the RF front-end to perform phase-shifting operations according to the information fed back by the baseband processor to realize beamforming.

As shown in Figure 2b, the receiver side also includes an RF front-end, an analog-to-digital converter, a baseband processor, and a beamforming unit. In addition to the antenna array and phase shifter, the receiver RF front end can also include a power combining network. The RF front-end of the receiver down-converts the received signal from a signal of a certain carrier frequency to a baseband analog signal, the baseband analog signal is converted into a digital signal through analog-to-digital conversion, and the baseband processor can extract the transmitted data through channel estimation and demodulation operations. . The beamforming unit of the receiver has the same function as the beamforming unit of the transmitter, and both can be used to adjust the beam pointing by controlling the phase shift value of the phase shifter.

It should be understood that the beam training in this embodiment of the present invention may refer to that the transmitter transmits multiple training beams, the receiver fixes the receive beam for transmission training, or the transmitter fixes the transmit beam, and the receiver uses multiple training beams to perform receive training, etc. , the embodiments of the present invention are not limited. The multiple training beams can be sent at the same time, or sent one by one, in groups of two, etc. The sending method depends on whether the transmitter has the ability to transmit multiple beams and whether the receiver has the ability to transmit multiple beams. Receiving ability. Further, the training sequences corresponding to different training beams may be sent in a code division manner or in a frequency division manner.

The present application discloses a data transmission method, receiver, transmitter and system, which can improve data transmission efficiency and reduce system overhead. Detailed descriptions are given below.

Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is an interactive schematic diagram of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 , the data transmission method according to the embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps:

101. The transmitter generates one or more training sequences.

Optionally, the receiver may be an MS or a BS; correspondingly, the transmitter may be a BS or an MS. The embodiment of the present invention is described by taking the transmitter as the BS and the receiver as the MS as an example.

Wherein, the training sequence may be a pilot sequence, such as a ZC sequence.

102. The transmitter sends one or more training sequences and antenna configuration information to the receiver through multiple training beams.

The multiple training beams may be determined based on the first data beams currently transmitted by the BS, and the training beams may be in one-to-one correspondence with the training sequence. The first data beam may refer to a beam currently used for data transmission, that is, a beam used for data transmission before beam training. The antenna configuration information may include the number of columns, the number of rows, and one or more of the column antenna spacing and the row antenna spacing of the BS antenna array.

Optionally, the multiple training beams may be determined based on a preset angular disturbance amount and the direction of the first data beam. The angular disturbance amount may be determined in real time by the BS, or may be pre-configured, for example, determined through pre-negotiation between the BS and the MS.

对角度Ψ_bs,c进行扰动后得到训练波束B_e,1,B_e,2,B_v,1,B_v,2的方向，并可根据该角度Ψ_bs,c利用阵列响应公式计算出对应的波束权值向量或矩阵，从而确定出该训练波束B_e,1,B_e,2,B_v,1,B_v,2。其中，该

为虚拟域的角度扰动量，该Ψ_bs,c为第一数据波束的方向所指示的角度。该角度扰动量的大小可以预先设置得到，比如为1/4 3dB波束宽度，或者为其他波束宽度，不同训练波束可以通过使用不同的角度扰动量得到。举例来说，如图4a至图4d所示，是本发明实施例提供的一种波束扰动示意图，其中，训练波束B_e,1,B_e,2,B_v,1,B_v,2是在第一数据波束的水平或俯仰方向按照相同的角度扰动量进行扰动得到的。Assuming that the training beams are Be,1 , Be _,2 , B _{v,1 ,} B _v,2 , the training beams Be,1 , Be _,2 , B _{v,1 ,} B _v,2 are usually based on a certain The angular disturbance amount is obtained by perturbing the current data beam, that is, the first data beam B _bs,c . For example by

After perturbing the angle Ψ _bs,c , the directions of the training beams B _e,1 ,B _e,2 ,B _v,1 ,B _v,2 can be obtained, and the corresponding angle Ψ _bs,c can be calculated using the array response formula. The beam weight vector or matrix of , so as to determine the training beam B _e,1 ,B _e,2 ,B _v,1 ,B _v,2 . Among them, the

is the angular disturbance amount of the virtual domain, and the Ψ _bs,c is the angle indicated by the direction of the first data beam. The magnitude of the angular disturbance can be preset, for example, a 1/4 3dB beam width, or other beam widths, and different training beams can be obtained by using different angular disturbances. For example, as shown in FIG. 4a to FIG. 4d , it is a schematic diagram of a beam disturbance provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the training beams Be,1 , Be _,2 , B _{v,1 ,} B _v,2 are It is obtained by perturbing the horizontal or pitch direction of the first data beam according to the same angular perturbation amount.

Specifically, when determining the training beam, it is assumed that the BS passes through the weights W _BS (Ω _bs,C ), W _BS (Ω _E,1 ), W _BS (Ω _E,2 ), W _BS (Ω _A,1 ), W _BS (Ω _A,2 ) forms a plurality of training beams B _bs ,c,B _e,1 ,B _e,2 ,B _v,1 ,B _v,2 , and passes the training beams B _bs,c ,B _{e ,1} ,B _e,2 ,B _v,1 ,B _v,2 transmit the training sequence, and the AoD and ZoD directions of the MS form a fixed beam with a fixed weight W _MS (Ω _ms,C ) to receive the training sequence. Wherein, the W _BS (Ω _bs,C ) is the weight of the current data transmission beam, that is, the first data beam B _ms,c ; W _BS (Ω _E,1 ), W _BS (Ω _E,2 ) are the pitch direction The weight of the training beam is used to estimate the angle offset in the pitch direction; W _BS (Ω _A,1 ), W _BS (Ω _A,2 ) are the weights of the training beam in the horizontal direction, used to estimate the angle in the horizontal direction offset. W _MS (Ω _ms,C ) is the weight of the fixed beam used by the current MS for data transmission. The above weights can be calculated separately according to the following formulas:

W _BS (Ω _bs,C )＝a(Ω _bs,C ),

W _BS (Ω _E,1 )＝a(Ω _E,1 ),

W _BS (Ω _E,2 )＝a(Ω _E,2 ),

W _BS (Ω _A,1 )＝a(Ω _A,1 ),

W _BS (Ω _A,2 )＝a(Ω _A,2 ),

W _MS (Ω _ms,C )＝a(Ω _ms,C ),

in,

Ω _bs,C =[θ _bs,c ,φ _bs,c ],Ω _E,1 =[θ _E,1 ,φ _bs,c ],Ω _E,2 =[θ _E,2 ,φ _bs,c ] , Ω _V,1 =[θ _bs,c ,φ _V,1 ],Ω _V,2 =[θ _bs,c ,φ _V,2 ],Ω _ms,C =[θ _ms,c ,φ _ms,c ].

103. The receiver calculates a power delay response of each training beam based on the training sequence, and calculates an angle offset based on the power delay response of each training beam and the antenna configuration information.

Optionally, the MS can receive the training sequence sent by the BS through multiple training beams through the fixed beam, and can determine the offset information of the first data beam based on the training sequence, such as determining the transmission angle offset of the transmitter. .

The angular offset may refer to a physical angular offset, or may refer to an angular offset of a virtual domain. Optionally, taking a uniform plane array as a column, it is assumed that the antennas of the BS and MS are placed on the YoZ plane, as shown in Figure 5a, and the spherical coordinate system during the beamforming process is shown in Figure 5b. Among them, θ is the pitch angle, which takes the value [0, π], and it can be assumed that the included angle with the positive direction of the Z axis is positive, and the included angle in the negative direction is negative; φ is the azimuth angle in the horizontal direction, and its value The range is (-π, π], assuming that the angle is the angle between the positive direction of the X axis and the projection of the vector (x, y, z) on the XoY plane, and the direction extends along the positive half axis of the X axis to determine the direction of the positive half axis of the Y axis. The angle of φ. Then the angle offset can be the offset ΔΩ=[Δθ,Δφ] on the physical angle coordinates θ and φ, or the virtual angle offset ΔΨ=[Δα,Δβ on the transformation domain ]. Further optional, the transformation formula from the physical angle domain to the virtual angle domain can be:

G _p->v (·):Ω＝[θ,φ]→Ψ＝[α,β]

α=πd _y λ ^-1 N _y sin(φ)sin(θ)

β=πd _z λ ^-1 N _z cos(θ)

Among them, λ is the wavelength of the carrier, and _{dy and d z are} the antenna spacings in the Y-axis and Z-axis directions, respectively. N _y is the number of columns of the planar array, and N _z is the number of rows of the planar array, so the total number of antennas of the planar array is N=N _y *N _z .

The transformation formula from the virtual angle domain to the physical angle domain can be:

G _v->p (·):Ψ＝[α,β]→Ω＝[θ,φ]

该逆变换只适用于φ取值在

Among them, α and β need to satisfy

This inverse transform is only applicable for values of φ between

Optionally, the angular offset may refer to the angle value at which the current data beam direction (ie the direction of the first data beam) deviates from the channel center direction or the angle value at which the current data beam direction deviates from the optimal beam direction. In the embodiment of the present invention, the center direction of the channel may be the AoD and ZoD directions of the channel, as shown in FIG. 6 , which is a schematic diagram of an angular offset provided by the embodiment of the present invention. The channel center direction may be an equivalent real physical direction or an equivalent virtual direction, which is related to a specific physical channel. The embodiments of the present invention are described by taking a uniform plane array (English: UniformPlanar Array, UPA for short) as an example. It is assumed that the angular offset is ΔΩ, ΔΩ=[Δθ, Δφ], where Δθ is the angular offset in the pitch direction, and Δφ is the angular offset in the horizontal direction. Optionally, in a uniform linear array (English: Uniform Linear Array, ULA for short), only one of Δθ and Δφ may be included, that is, the corresponding training beam is only B _e,1 ,B _e,2 or B _v,1 ,B _v,2 .

并可计算出第一数据波束的功率时延响应

其中，每一个功率时延响应向量可包含L个元素，每个元素可代表一个固定时延上的信道幅度和相位，也即，每一个功率时延响应向量可以有L个不同的时延值。其中，该第一数据波束的B_bs,c的功率时延响应可以通过数据传输过程中的导频获取到，也可以在训练波束包含B_bs,c(即将该第一数据波束作为自己的训练波束)、并基于训练序列计算出。可选的，功率时延响应可以根据序列时域相关计算得到，也可以通过频域导频序列估计出频域信道响应、并通过快速傅里叶逆变换(英文：Inverse Fast Fourier Transform，简称IFFT)转换得到。Further, when calculating the angle offset, the BS can send the training sequence through the training beams _Be,1 ,B _e,2 ,B _v,1 ,B _v,2 , or send the training sequence through the training beams _Be,1 ,B _{e ,2} ,B _v,1 ,B _v,2 and B _bs,c send training sequences. The MS uses the fixed beam B _ms,c to receive the training sequence, and calculates the power delay response of each training beam based on the training sequence

and the power delay response of the first data beam can be calculated

Among them, each power delay response vector may contain L elements, each element may represent the channel amplitude and phase on a fixed delay, that is, each power delay response vector may have L different delay values . Among them, the power delay response of B _bs,c of the first data beam can be obtained through the pilot frequency in the data transmission process, or the training beam can include B _bs,c (that is, the first data beam is used as its own training beam), and calculated based on the training sequence. Optionally, the power delay response can be calculated according to the time-domain correlation of the sequence, or the frequency-domain channel response can be estimated through the frequency-domain pilot sequence, and the frequency-domain channel response can be estimated through the inverse fast Fourier transform (English: Inverse Fast Fourier Transform, IFFT for short). ) converted to.

Further optionally, when calculating the angle offset, the MS may determine the delay with the largest amplitude response from the calculated power delay responses, that is, determine it according to the following formula:

After determining the delay with the largest amplitude response, the MS can calculate the ratio of the amplitude of the training beam at the time delay l ^* in the horizontal and pitch directions to the amplitude ratio of the beam B _bs,c at the delay l ^* , that is, the strongest path ratio, as follows:

In addition, the following formula can be inverse to calculate

and make

的搜索范围，可以根据波束估计的精度和天线配置选取得到，例如取0.7。where μ is used to adjust the calculation

The search range of , can be selected according to the accuracy of beam estimation and antenna configuration, for example, 0.7.

为虚拟域的角度扰动量，其可由下面的公式确定出：Further, the

is the angular disturbance of the virtual domain, which can be determined by the following formula:

及其对应的

从而能够在计算得到该

之后，通过查表得到其对应的

以降低MS计算复杂度，从而降低MS功耗。Optionally, a look-up table can also be pre-configured, and the look-up table includes multiple groups of

and its corresponding

so that it can be calculated that the

After that, by looking up the table to get its corresponding

In order to reduce the computational complexity of the MS, thereby reducing the power consumption of the MS.

in,

ΔΨ _E,i =[Δα _E,i ,0]=G _p→v (Ω _E,i )-Ψ _bs,c ,i=1,2;

ΔΨ _A,i =[0,Δβ _A,i ]=G _p→v (Ω _A,i )-Ψ _bs,c ,i=1,2;

Ψ _bs,c =G _p→v (Ω _bs,c )

可通过下面的公式得到：then the angular offset of the virtual domain

It can be obtained by the following formula:

其转换方式如下：Optionally, the angle offset of the physical angle domain can also be obtained by converting the angle offset of the virtual domain

Its conversion is as follows:

Thus, the angle offset corresponding to the first data beam can be determined, so as to determine a new data transmission beam based on the angle offset.

104. The receiver sends the angular offset to the transmitter.

105. The transmitter determines a second data beam for subsequent data transmission based on the angular offset.

106. The transmitter uses the second data beam to perform data transmission with the receiver.

Optionally, after the MS calculates the angular offset, the angular offset may be sent to the BS. The BS receives the angular offset sent by the MS, and corrects the direction of the current data beam based on the angular offset, so that the direction of the data beam is the center direction of the channel, and can calculate the direction of the subsequent data transmission beam based on the angular offset. The weight vector, that is, a new data transmission beam, that is, a second data beam is determined, so that data transmission can be performed based on the second data beam. The angle offset sent by the MS to the BS may be a physical angle offset or an angle offset in a virtual domain, and the MS may be sent through a high-frequency network or a low-frequency network. This embodiment of the present invention does not Do limit.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the MS can receive, by using a fixed beam, multiple training sequences sent by the BS through multiple training beams, so that the offset information of the first data beam of current data transmission can be determined based on the multiple training sequences and sent to the MS To the BS, so that the BS can determine the second data beam for subsequent data transmission based on the offset information, so that the beam for data transmission can be updated in time when the position or attitude of the MS changes, so as to maintain the quality of the communication link, This further improves data transmission efficiency and reduces system overhead.

Please refer to FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is an interactive schematic diagram of another data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7 , the data transmission method according to the embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps:

201. The transmitter generates one or more training sequences.

202. The transmitter sends one or more training sequences to the receiver through multiple training beams.

Specifically, for the specific manner in which the BS generates and sends the training sequence, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

203. The receiver calculates the power delay response of each training beam based on the training sequence, and calculates beam direction information based on the power delay response of each training beam.

The beam direction information may include AoD and ZoD angular offsets of the transmitter. Optionally, the direction information may be calculated based on the angular offset determined by the MS and the direction of the current data transmission beam, that is, the first data beam. The direction of the first data beam may be sent by the BS to the MS, or may be calculated by the MS. For the determination method of the angle offset, please refer to the relevant description of the above-mentioned embodiment, which is not repeated here. For example, the BS can calculate the beam direction of the physical angle domain according to the angle offset of the virtual domain

确定出AoD、ZoD信息。and according to this

AoD and ZoD information are determined.

204. The receiver sends the beam direction information to the transmitter.

After determining the direction information such as AoD and ZoD of the second data beam used for subsequent data transmission, the MS can send the direction information to the BS.

205. The transmitter determines a second data beam for subsequent data transmission based on the beam direction information.

206. The transmitter uses the second data beam to perform data transmission with the receiver.

Optionally, after the MS calculates the direction information of the new data transmission beam, the direction information may be sent to the BS. The BS receives the direction information sent by the MS, and can generate a beam weight based on the direction information to determine a second data beam for subsequent data transmission, so that data transmission can be performed based on the second data beam.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the MS can receive, through a fixed beam, multiple training sequences sent by the BS through multiple training beams, so as to estimate the angular offset to be adjusted based on the multiple training sequences, and then determine new data The direction information of the transmission beam, that is, the second data beam, is sent to the BS, so that the BS can determine the second data beam for subsequent data transmission based on the direction information, so that the data transmission can be updated in time when the position or attitude of the MS changes to maintain the quality of the communication link, thereby improving the data transmission efficiency and reducing the system overhead.

Please refer to FIG. 8. FIG. 8 is an interactive schematic diagram of still another data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8 , the data transmission method according to the embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps:

301. The transmitter generates one or more training sequences.

302. The transmitter sends one or more training sequences to the receiver through multiple training beams.

Specifically, for the specific manner in which the BS generates and sends the training sequence, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

303. The receiver calculates the power delay response of each training beam based on the training sequence, and calculates the ratio of the strongest diameter of each training beam to the first data beam based on the power delay response of each training beam.

其计算方式可参照上述实施例的相关描述，此处不赘述。Wherein, the ratio of the strongest diameter of the training beam to the first data beam (referred to as "the strongest diameter ratio") is the

For the calculation method, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

304. The receiver sends the ratio of the strongest path to the transmitter.

305. The transmitter determines a second data beam for subsequent data transmission based on the ratio of the strongest paths.

306. The transmitter uses the second data beam to perform data transmission with the receiver.

和

而不再直接发送该第一数据波束的角度偏移量或方向信息。BS在接收到该最强径比值之后，即可基于该最强径比值计算出角度偏移量或方向等偏移信息，而不再通过MS进行计算。也即，BS可基于该最强径比值计算该第一数据波束的角度偏移量，从而基于该角度偏移量确定出新的数据传输波束即第二数据波束；或者，BS可基于该最强径比值计算该方向信息，如BS的AoD、ZoD角度偏移量，从而基于该方向信息确定出该第二数据波束。具体的，该角度偏移量或方向信息的计算方式可参照上述实施例的相关描述，此处不赘述。从而能够降低MS计算复杂度，节省MS开销。Optionally, after the MS determines the strongest diameter ratio value, it can send the strongest diameter ratio value to the BS

and

Instead of directly sending the angular offset or direction information of the first data beam. After the BS receives the strongest diameter ratio value, it can calculate offset information such as an angle offset or a direction based on the strongest diameter ratio value, instead of calculating by the MS. That is, the BS may calculate the angular offset of the first data beam based on the maximum diameter ratio, so as to determine a new data transmission beam, that is, the second data beam based on the angular offset; or, the BS may determine a new data transmission beam based on the maximum diameter ratio; The strong-diameter ratio calculates the direction information, such as the AoD and ZoD angle offsets of the BS, so as to determine the second data beam based on the direction information. Specifically, for the calculation method of the angle offset or the direction information, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of the foregoing embodiments, and details are not described here. Therefore, the computational complexity of the MS can be reduced, and the overhead of the MS can be saved.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the MS may receive, through a fixed beam, multiple training sequences sent by the BS through multiple training beams, so that the difference between each training beam and the strongest path of the first data beam can be determined based on the multiple training sequences. The ratio is sent to the BS, so that the BS can calculate offset information such as angle offset or direction information based on the strongest diameter ratio, and determine the second data beam for subsequent data transmission based on the offset information, so as to When the position or attitude of the MS changes, the beam for data transmission can be updated in time to maintain the quality of the communication link, thereby improving the data transmission efficiency and saving the MS overhead.

Please refer to FIG. 9. FIG. 9 is an interactive schematic diagram of still another data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9 , the data transmission method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

401. The transmitter generates one or more training sequences.

402. The transmitter sends one or more training sequences through multiple training beams.

Specifically, for the specific manner in which the BS generates and sends the training sequence, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

403. The receiver determines offset information of the first data beam based on the training sequence.

The offset information may include the AoD, ZoD of the transmitter, the ratio of the strongest diameter of each training beam to the first data beam, the BS angle offset, etc., and the calculation method may refer to the relevant descriptions of the above embodiments , will not be repeated here.

404. The receiver sends the offset information to the transmitter.

405. The transmitter determines the next beam training time or the beam training training time interval based on the offset information.

406. The transmitter sends a training notification message including the next beam training time or training time interval to the receiver.

Optionally, after the BS receives the offset information sent by the MS, the BS can also determine the time of the next beam training or the training time interval of the beam training according to the offset information, and generate a time including the next beam training time or The training notification message of the training time interval is sent to the MS, so as to adjust the period of the beam training.

Further optionally, when the BS determines the time of the next beam training or the training time interval of the beam training according to the offset information, it may be specifically: when the value indicated by the offset information is higher than the preset first offset threshold. , the BS may adjust the training time interval of the beam training to a time interval smaller than the current training time interval by the preset threshold; when the value indicated by the offset information is lower than or equal to the preset second offset threshold, the BS may Adjust the training time interval of beam training to a time interval larger than the current training time interval by the preset threshold. The first offset threshold and the second offset threshold may be the same or different. Optionally, the value indicated by the offset information may refer to an angular offset, or an average offset of the angular offset within a unit time. The average offset can be calculated according to the angle offset and the current beam training time.

BS中预先设置有与该虚拟角度偏移量对应的偏移阈值σ₁。当估计的虚拟角度偏移量

大于偏移阈值σ₁时，BS可减少相邻两次波束训练的时间间隔，比如按照Δt减少相邻两次波束训练的时间间隔；当

小于或等于偏移阈值σ₁时，BS可增加相邻两次训练时间的间隔。又例如，假设前一次的波束训练完成时间为t₀，当前波束训练完成的时间为t₁，即当前波束训练时间为t₁-t₀，两次波束训练确定出的角度偏移量分别为

和

BS中预设有偏移阈值σ₂。当

大于偏移阈值σ₂时，BS可减少相邻两次波束训练的时间间隔；当

小于或等于偏移阈值时σ₂时，BS可增加相邻两次波束训练的时间间隔。可选的，该偏移信息还可以为物理域角度偏移量、最强径比值等等，该比较的偏移阈值与该偏移信息的类型相同，此处不赘述。For example, it is assumed that the offset information sent by the MS to the BS is a virtual angle offset

An offset threshold σ ₁ corresponding to the virtual angle offset is preset in the BS. When the estimated virtual angle offset

When it is greater than the offset threshold σ ₁ , the BS can reduce the time interval between two adjacent beam trainings, for example, reduce the time interval between two adjacent beam trainings according to Δt; when

When it is less than or equal to the offset threshold σ ₁ , the BS can increase the interval between two adjacent training times. For another example, suppose the previous beam training completion time is t ₀ , the current beam training completion time is t ₁ , that is, the current beam training time is t ₁ -t ₀ , and the angle offsets determined by the two beam trainings are respectively

and

An offset threshold σ ₂ is preset in the BS. when

When it is greater than the offset threshold σ ₂ , the BS can reduce the time interval between two adjacent beam trainings; when

When the offset threshold is less than or equal to σ ₂ , the BS can increase the time interval between two adjacent beam trainings. Optionally, the offset information may also be an angular offset in the physical domain, a maximum diameter ratio, and the like, and the offset threshold for the comparison is of the same type as the offset information, which is not repeated here.

407. The transmitter and the receiver perform beam training based on the next beam training time or training time interval.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the MS can receive, by using a fixed beam, multiple training sequences sent by the BS through multiple training beams, so that the offset information of the first data beam of current data transmission can be determined based on the multiple training sequences and sent to the MS To the BS, so that the BS can determine the second data beam for subsequent data transmission based on the offset information, and further, the BS can also adjust the beam training period based on the offset information, and control the time of the next beam training, so as to be able to The beam offset information updates the data transmission beam in time, reduces training overhead, and can better maintain the quality of the communication link, improve data transmission efficiency, and reduce system overhead.

Please refer to FIG. 10. FIG. 10 is an interactive schematic diagram of still another data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the transmitter fixes a transmit beam, and the receiver uses multiple training beams for receiving training. As shown in FIG. 10 , the data transmission method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

501. The transmitter generates one or more training sequences.

The transmitter may be a BS or an MS; correspondingly, the receiver may be an MS or a BS. In the embodiment of the present invention, the transmitter is a BS and the receiver is an MS as an example for description.

502. The transmitter sends one or more training sequences to the receiver through a fixed beam.

503. The receiver receives the training sequence sent by the transmitter through multiple training sequences, and determines offset information of the first data beam based on the training sequence.

Optionally, the multiple training beams may be determined based on a preset angular disturbance amount and the direction of the first data beam. Wherein, the first data beam is a beam currently performing data transmission by the receiver. The offset information determined based on the training sequence may include the AOA, ZOA of the MS, the ratio of each training beam to the strongest diameter of the first data beam, the angular offset of the MS, and the like.

Optionally, the MS may calculate the power delay responses of the multiple training beams based on multiple training sequences received by the MS through multiple training beams, and determine the power delay response of each training beam and the antenna configuration information of the MS. offset information. Wherein, the antenna configuration of the MS may be different from that of the BS.

Specifically, the method for determining the training beam and the method for determining the offset information in the embodiment of the present invention are similar to the methods in the above-mentioned embodiments in which the transmitter transmits multiple training beams and the receiver fixes the receiving beam for transmission training, and is not used here. Repeat.

504. The receiver determines a second data beam for subsequent data transmission based on the offset information.

Optionally, after the MS determines the offset information, it can correct the direction of the current data beam based on the offset information, so that the direction of the data beam is the center direction of the channel, and can calculate the follow-up based on the angular offset. The weight vector of the data transmission beam is to determine a new data transmission beam, that is, the second data beam, and data transmission can be performed based on the second data beam.

505. The receiver sends the offset information to the transmitter.

506. The transmitter determines the next beam training time or the beam training training time interval based on the offset information.

507. The transmitter sends a training notification message including the next beam training time or training time interval to the receiver.

508. The transmitter and the receiver perform beam training based on the next beam training time or training time interval.

Optionally, after the BS receives the offset information sent from the MS, the BS may also determine the time of the next beam training or the training time interval of the beam training according to the offset information, and generate a time or training interval including the next beam training. The training notification message of the training time interval is sent to the MS, so that the MS and the BS can perform beam training based on the time of the next beam training or the training time interval. Specifically, for the method for determining the time of the next beam training or the training time interval in the embodiment of the present invention, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, and details are not described herein.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the MS can receive multiple training sequences sent by the BS through the fixed beam through multiple training beams, so that the MS can determine the offset information of the first data beam for current data transmission based on the multiple training sequences, The second data beam used for subsequent data transmission is determined based on the offset information, so that the beam for data transmission can be updated in time according to the beam offset information, so as to maintain the quality of the communication link, thereby improving the data transmission efficiency and reducing the system cost. overhead. Further, the MS can also send the offset information to the BS, so that the BS can adjust the beam training period based on the offset information, thereby reducing training overhead.

Referring to FIG. 11, FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11 , the receiver in the embodiment of the present invention may include a receiving module 11 , a determining module 12 , and a sending module 13 . in,

The receiving module 11 is configured to receive, through a fixed beam, multiple training sequences sent by a transmitter through multiple training beams, and the multiple training beams are determined based on the first data beam currently transmitted by the transmitter, The training beam is in one-to-one correspondence with the training sequence;

the determining module 12, configured to determine offset information of the first data beam based on the multiple training sequences;

The sending module 13 is configured to send the offset information to the transmitter, so that the transmitter determines a second data beam for subsequent data transmission based on the offset information.

The first data beam may refer to a beam currently used for data transmission, that is, a beam used for data transmission before beam training. The training sequence may be a pilot sequence, such as a ZC sequence.

Optionally, the offset information includes at least one of the following:

The AoD of the transmitter, the ZoD of the transmitter, the ratio of each training beam to the strongest diameter of the first data beam, and the angular offset of the first data beam.

Optionally, the receiving module 11 can be specifically used for:

receiving, by the transmitter, antenna configuration information for transmitting the plurality of training sequences;

The determining module 12 can be specifically used for:

calculating power delay responses of the plurality of training beams according to the plurality of training sequences;

Offset information of the first data beam is determined according to the power delay responses of the plurality of training beams and the antenna configuration information.

The antenna configuration information may include the number of columns, the number of rows, and one or more of the column antenna spacing and the row antenna spacing of the antenna array of the transmitter.

Optionally, the determining module 12 may be specifically used for:

calculating power delay responses of the plurality of training beams according to the plurality of training sequences;

determining the delay with the largest amplitude response according to the power delay responses of the multiple training beams;

According to the maximum time delay of the amplitude response, the ratio of each training beam to the strongest diameter of the first data beam is calculated.

Further, in an optional embodiment, the receiver may further include:

an acquisition module 14, configured to acquire the power delay response of the first data beam;

When determining the offset information of the first data beam according to the power delay responses of the multiple training beams and the antenna configuration information, the determining module 12 may be specifically configured to:

The offset information of the first data beam is determined according to the power delay responses of the first data beam, the power delay responses of the plurality of training beams, and the antenna configuration information.

Further, in an optional embodiment,

The receiving module 11 is further configured to receive a training notification message sent by the transmitter, where the training notification message indicates the time of the next beam training or the training time interval of the beam training.

The time of the next beam training or the training time interval of the beam training may be determined based on the offset information, so that the beam training time can be adjusted in time based on the offset information to reduce training overhead.

It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are apparatus embodiments corresponding to the method embodiments, and the descriptions of the method embodiments are also applicable to the embodiments of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 12, which is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 12 , the receiver in this embodiment of the present invention may include a sequence generation module 21 , a transmission module 22 , a reception module 23 , and a beam determination module 24 . in,

The sequence generation module 21 is used to generate one or more training sequences;

The sending module 22 is configured to send the one or more training sequences to the receiver through multiple training beams, where the multiple training beams are determined based on the first data beam currently transmitted by the transmitter, The training beam is in one-to-one correspondence with the training sequence;

the receiving module 23, configured to receive the offset information of the first data beam sent from the receiver;

The beam determination module 24 is configured to determine a second data beam for subsequent data transmission according to the offset information.

Optionally, the offset information may include at least one of the following:

The AoD of the transmitter, the ZoD of the transmitter, the ratio of each training beam to the strongest diameter of the first data beam, and the angular offset of the first data beam.

Further, in an optional embodiment,

The sending module 22 may be further configured to send, to the receiver, antenna configuration information for the transmitter to transmit the one or more training sequences, so that the receiver can base the receiver on the antenna configuration information and the training sequence. The offset information is determined.

The antenna configuration information includes the number of columns, the number of rows, and one or more of the column antenna spacing and the row antenna spacing of the antenna array.

Optionally, the multiple training beams may be determined based on a preset angular disturbance amount and the direction of the first data beam. The angular disturbance amount may be determined by the transmitter in real time and sent to the receiver, or may be pre-configured, for example, determined by the receiver and the transmitter through pre-negotiation.

Further, in an optional embodiment, the transmitter further includes:

A training determination module 25, configured to determine the time of the next beam training or the training time interval of the beam training according to the offset information;

A message generation module 26, configured to generate a training notification message including the time of the next beam training or the training time interval;

The sending module 22 is further configured to send the training notification message to the receiver.

Optionally, the training determination module 25 may be specifically used for:

When the value indicated by the offset information is higher than the preset first offset threshold, adjusting the training time interval of beam training to a time interval smaller than the current training time interval by the preset threshold;

When the value indicated by the offset information is lower than or equal to the preset second offset threshold, the training time interval of beam training is adjusted to a time interval greater than the current training time interval by the preset threshold.

Wherein, the first offset threshold and the second offset threshold may be set to be the same, or the first offset threshold may be set to be greater than the second offset threshold. Optionally, the value indicated by the offset information may refer to an angular offset, or an average offset of the angular offset within a unit time. The average offset can be calculated according to the angle offset and the current beam training time.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the receiver may receive multiple training sequences sent by the transmitter through multiple training beams through a fixed beam, so that offset information of the first data beam currently being transmitted for data transmission can be determined based on the multiple training sequences and send it to the transmitter, so that the transmitter can determine the second data beam for subsequent data transmission based on the offset information, thereby improving the data transmission efficiency and reducing the system overhead. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are apparatus embodiments corresponding to the method embodiments, and the descriptions of the method embodiments are also applicable to the embodiments of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 13, which is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 13 , the data transmission system according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a transmitter 1 and a receiver 2 . in,

The transmitter 1 is configured to generate one or more training sequences, and send the one or more training sequences to the receiver 2 through multiple training beams, wherein the multiple training beams are based on the current state of the transmitter. Determined by the first data beam of data transmission, the training beam is in one-to-one correspondence with the training sequence;

The receiver 2 is configured to receive, through a fixed beam, multiple training sequences sent by the transmitter 1 through multiple training beams, determine offset information of the first data beam based on the multiple training sequences, and send the information to the Transmitter 1 sends the offset information;

The transmitter 1 is further configured to receive the offset information sent from the receiver 2, and determine a second data beam for subsequent data transmission according to the offset information.

Specifically, for the transmitter 1 and the receiver 2 in the embodiment of the present invention, reference may be made to the related descriptions of the transmitter and the receiver in the corresponding embodiments of FIG. 3 to FIG. 10 , and details are not repeated here.

Referring to FIG. 14, FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another receiver provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 14, the receiver in this embodiment of the present invention may include: a communication interface 300, a memory 200, and a processor 100, and the processor 100 is connected to the communication interface 300 and the memory 200, respectively .

The communication interface 300 , the memory 200 and the processor 100 may be connected to each other through a bus, or may be connected in other ways. In this embodiment, the bus connection is used for description.

The processor 100 may be a central processing unit (English: Central Processing Unit, CPU for short), a network processor (English: Network Processor, NP for short), or a combination of CPU and NP.

The processor 100 may further include a hardware chip. The above-mentioned hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (English: Application-Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC for short), a programmable logic device (English: Programmable Logic Device, PLD for short) or a combination thereof. The above PLD may be a complex programmable logic device (English: Complex Programmable Logic Device, CPLD for short), a field programmable gate array (English: Field-Programmable Gate Array, abbreviated FPGA), a general array logic (English: Generic ArrayLogic, referred to as FPGA) GAL) or any combination thereof.

The memory 200 may include a volatile memory (English: Volatile Memory), such as a random access memory (English: Random-Access Memory, RAM for short); the memory may also include a non-volatile memory (English: non-volatile memory). ), such as a flash memory (English: flash memory), a hard disk (English: Hard DiskDrive, HDD for short) or a solid-state drive (English: Solid-State Drive, SSD for short); the memory 200 may also include a combination of the above types of memories.

Optionally, the memory 200 may be used to store program instructions, and the processor 100 may call the program instructions stored in the memory 200, and may execute one or more steps in the embodiments shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. The implementation mode enables the receiver to implement the functions in the above method.

The processor 100 is configured to receive, based on the communication interface and through a fixed beam, a plurality of training sequences sent by a transmitter through a plurality of training beams, where the plurality of training beams are first data transmitted based on current data of the transmitter determined by the beam, the training beam is in one-to-one correspondence with the training sequence;

determining offset information of the first data beam based on the plurality of training sequences;

The offset information is sent to the transmitter through the communication interface 300, so that the transmitter determines a second data beam for subsequent data transmission based on the offset information.

Optionally, the offset information includes at least one of the following:

The AoD of the transmitter, the ZoD of the transmitter, the ratio of each training beam to the strongest diameter of the first data beam, and the angular offset of the first data beam.

Optionally, when the processor 100 executes the receiver to determine the offset information of the first data beam based on the multiple training sequences, the following steps may be specifically performed:

receiving, through the communication interface 300, antenna configuration information for the transmitter to transmit the plurality of training sequences;

calculating power delay responses of the plurality of training beams according to the plurality of training sequences;

Offset information of the first data beam is determined according to the power delay responses of the plurality of training beams and the antenna configuration information.

Optionally, when the processor 100 executes the multiple training sequences to determine the offset information of the first data beam, the following steps may be specifically performed:

calculating power delay responses of the plurality of training beams according to the plurality of training sequences;

determining the delay with the largest amplitude response according to the power delay responses of the multiple training beams;

According to the maximum time delay of the amplitude response, the ratio of each training beam to the strongest diameter of the first data beam is calculated.

The antenna configuration information includes the number of columns, the number of rows, and one or more of the column antenna spacing and the row antenna spacing of the antenna array.

Optionally, the processor 100 is further configured to execute:

obtaining a power delay response of the first data beam;

When the processor 100 performs the determining of the offset information of the first data beam according to the power delay responses of the multiple training beams and the antenna configuration information, the following steps may be specifically performed:

The offset information of the first data beam is determined according to the power delay responses of the first data beam, the power delay responses of the plurality of training beams, and the antenna configuration information.

Optionally, the processor 100 is further configured to execute:

A training notification message sent by the transmitter is received through the communication interface 300, where the training notification message indicates the time of the next beam training or the training time interval of the beam training.

Referring to FIG. 15, FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another transmitter provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 15 , the transmitter in this embodiment of the present invention may include: a communication interface 600 , a memory 500 , and a processor 400 , and the processor 400 is connected to the communication interface 600 and the memory 500 respectively.

The communication interface 600 , the memory 500 and the processor 400 may be connected with data through a bus, or may be connected with data in other ways. In this embodiment, the bus connection is used for description.

The processor 400 may be a central processing unit (English: Central Processing Unit, CPU for short), a network processor (English: Network Processor, NP for short), or a combination of CPU and NP.

The processor 400 may further include a hardware chip. The above-mentioned hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (English: Application-Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC for short), a programmable logic device (English: Programmable Logic Device, PLD for short) or a combination thereof. The above PLD may be a complex programmable logic device (English: Complex Programmable Logic Device, CPLD for short), a field programmable gate array (English: Field-Programmable Gate Array, abbreviated FPGA), a general array logic (English: Generic ArrayLogic, referred to as FPGA) GAL) or any combination thereof.

The memory 500 may include a volatile memory (English: Volatile Memory), such as a random access memory (English: Random-Access Memory, RAM for short); the memory may also include a non-volatile memory (English: non-volatile memory). ), such as a flash memory (English: flash memory), a hard disk (English: Hard DiskDrive, HDD for short) or a solid-state drive (English: Solid-State Drive, SSD for short); the memory 500 may also include a combination of the above types of memories.

Optionally, the memory 500 may be used to store program instructions, and the processor 400 may call the program instructions stored in the memory 500, and may execute one or more steps in the embodiments shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. The implementation mode enables the transmitter to implement the functions in the above method.

The processor 400 is configured to: generate one or more training sequences; send the one or more training sequences to a receiver based on the communication interface 600 and through a plurality of training beams, the plurality of training beams being based on the transmission Determined by the first data beam of the current data transmission of the machine, the training beam corresponds to the training sequence one-to-one; the offset information of the first data beam sent from the receiver is received based on the communication interface 600; according to The offset information determines a second data beam for subsequent data transmission.

Optionally, the offset information may include at least one of the following:

The AoD of the transmitter, the ZoD of the transmitter, the ratio of each training beam to the strongest diameter of the first data beam, and the angular offset of the first data beam.

Optionally, the processor 400 is further configured to execute:

The antenna configuration information for the transmitter to transmit the one or more training sequences is sent to the receiver over the communication interface 600 so that the receiver determines the offset based on the antenna configuration information and the training sequence information.

The antenna configuration information may include the number of columns, the number of rows, and one or more of the column antenna spacing and the row antenna spacing of the antenna array.

Optionally, the multiple training beams may be determined based on a preset angular disturbance amount and the direction of the first data beam.

Optionally, after performing the receiving of the offset information of the first data beam sent from the receiver, the processor 400 is further configured to perform:

determining the time of the next beam training or the training time interval of the beam training according to the offset information;

A training notification message including the time of the next beam training or the training time interval is generated, and the training notification message is sent to the receiver based on the communication interface 600 .

The processor 400 may specifically perform the following steps when the transmitter determines the next beam training time or the beam training training time interval according to the offset information:

When the value indicated by the offset information is higher than the preset first offset threshold, the transmitter adjusts the training time interval of beam training to a time interval smaller than the current training time interval by the preset threshold;

When the value indicated by the offset information is lower than or equal to the preset second offset threshold, the transmitter adjusts the training time interval of beam training to a time interval greater than the current training time interval by the preset threshold.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the receiver may receive, by using a fixed beam, multiple training sequences sent by the transmitter through multiple training beams, so that offset information of the first data beam of current data transmission may be determined based on the multiple training sequences and send it to the transmitter, so that the transmitter can determine the second data beam for subsequent data transmission based on the offset information, thereby improving the data transmission efficiency and reducing the system overhead.

In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the modules is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple modules or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented. On the other hand, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or modules, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network modules. . Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.

In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically alone, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware, or can be implemented in the form of hardware plus software function modules.

The above-mentioned integrated modules implemented in the form of software functional modules may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The above-mentioned software function modules are stored in a storage medium, and include several instructions to enable a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor (processor) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. some steps. The aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (English: Read-Only Memory, referred to as ROM), random access memory (English: Random Access Memory, referred to as RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other various A medium on which program code can be stored.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof can be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims (35)

1. A method of data transmission, comprising:

a receiver receives a plurality of training sequences sent by a transmitter through a plurality of training beams through a fixed beam, wherein the plurality of training beams are determined based on a first data beam of current data transmission of the transmitter, and the training beams correspond to the training sequences one to one;

the receiver determining offset information for the first data beam based on the plurality of training sequences;

the receiver sending the offset information to the transmitter to cause the transmitter to determine a second data beam for a subsequent data transmission based on the offset information;

wherein the offset information comprises at least one of:

the wave-off azimuth angle AoD of the transmitter, the wave-off apex angle ZoD of the transmitter, the ratio of the strongest path of each training beam to the first data beam, and the angle offset of the first data beam.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the receiver determines the offset information for the first data beam based on the plurality of training sequences, comprising:

the receiver receives antenna configuration information of the plurality of training sequences transmitted by the transmitter;

the receiver calculates power delay responses of the training beams according to the training sequences;

the receiver determines offset information for the first data beam based on the power delay responses of the plurality of training beams and the antenna configuration information.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the receiver determines the offset information for the first data beam based on the plurality of training sequences, comprising:

the receiver calculates power delay responses of the training beams according to the training sequences;

the receiver determines the time delay with the maximum amplitude response according to the power time delay responses of the training beams;

and the receiver calculates the ratio of the strongest path of each training beam to the first data beam according to the time delay with the maximum amplitude response.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the antenna configuration information comprises one or more of a column number, or a row number, or a column antenna spacing, or a row antenna spacing of an antenna array.

5. The method of claim 2, further comprising:

the receiver acquires a power delay response of the first data beam;

the receiver determining offset information for the first data beam based on the power delay responses of the plurality of training beams and the antenna configuration information, comprising:

the receiver determines offset information for the first data beam based on the power delay response for the first data beam, the power delay responses for the plurality of training beams, and the antenna configuration information.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

and the receiver receives a training notification message sent by the transmitter, wherein the training notification message indicates the time of next beam training or the training time interval of the beam training.

7. A method of data transmission, comprising:

a receiver receives a plurality of training sequences sent by a transmitter through a plurality of training beams through a fixed beam, wherein the plurality of training beams are determined based on a first data beam of current data transmission of the transmitter, and the training beams correspond to the training sequences one to one;

the receiver determining offset information for the first data beam based on the plurality of training sequences;

the receiver sending the offset information to the transmitter to cause the transmitter to determine a second data beam for a subsequent data transmission based on the offset information;

wherein the receiver determines offset information for the first data beam based on the plurality of training sequences, comprising:

the receiver receives antenna configuration information of the plurality of training sequences transmitted by the transmitter; the receiver calculates power delay responses of the training beams according to the training sequences; the receiver determines offset information of the first data beam according to the power delay responses of the plurality of training beams and the antenna configuration information;

or

Wherein the receiver determines offset information for the first data beam based on the plurality of training sequences, comprising:

the receiver calculates power delay responses of the training beams according to the training sequences; the receiver determines the time delay with the maximum amplitude response according to the power time delay responses of the training beams; and the receiver calculates the ratio of the strongest path of each training beam to the first data beam according to the time delay with the maximum amplitude response.

8. A method of data transmission, comprising:

the transmitter generates one or more training sequences;

the transmitter sends the one or more training sequences to a receiver through a plurality of training beams, the plurality of training beams are determined based on a first data beam of current data transmission of the transmitter, and the training beams are in one-to-one correspondence with the training sequences;

the transmitter receiving offset information of the first data beam transmitted from the receiver;

the transmitter determining a second data beam for subsequent data transmission according to the offset information;

wherein the offset information comprises at least one of:

the wave-off azimuth angle AoD of the transmitter, the wave-off apex angle ZoD of the transmitter, the ratio of the strongest path of each training beam to the first data beam, and the angle offset of the first data beam.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:

the transmitter sends antenna configuration information for the transmitter to transmit the one or more training sequences to the receiver.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the antenna configuration information comprises one or more of a column number, or a row number, or a column antenna spacing, or a row antenna spacing of an antenna array.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein the plurality of training beams are determined based on a preset amount of angular perturbation and a direction of the first data beam.

12. The method of claim 8, wherein after the transmitter receives offset information from the first data beam transmitted by the receiver, the method further comprises:

the transmitter determines the time of the next beam training or the training time interval of the beam training according to the offset information;

the transmitter generates a training notification message including the time of the next beam training or the training time interval and transmits the training notification message to the receiver.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the transmitter determines a time for a next beam training or a training time interval for a beam training according to the offset information, comprising:

when the value indicated by the offset information is higher than a preset first offset threshold, the transmitter adjusts a training time interval of beam training to a time interval smaller than a current training time interval by a preset threshold;

when the value indicated by the offset information is lower than or equal to a preset second offset threshold, the transmitter adjusts the training time interval of the beam training to be a time interval larger than the current training time interval by a preset threshold.

14. A method of data transmission, comprising:

the transmitter generates one or more training sequences;

the transmitter sends the one or more training sequences to a receiver through a plurality of training beams, the plurality of training beams are determined based on a first data beam of current data transmission of the transmitter, and the training beams are in one-to-one correspondence with the training sequences;

the transmitter receiving offset information of the first data beam transmitted from the receiver;

the transmitter determining a second data beam for subsequent data transmission according to the offset information;

wherein the plurality of training beams are determined based on a preset angular perturbation amount and a direction of the first data beam.

15. A method of data transmission, comprising:

the transmitter generates one or more training sequences;

the transmitter sends the one or more training sequences to a receiver through a plurality of training beams, the plurality of training beams are determined based on a first data beam of current data transmission of the transmitter, and the training beams are in one-to-one correspondence with the training sequences;

the transmitter receiving offset information of the first data beam transmitted from the receiver;

the transmitter determining a second data beam for subsequent data transmission according to the offset information;

wherein after the transmitter receives offset information of the first data beam transmitted from the receiver, the method further comprises:

the transmitter determines the time of the next beam training or the training time interval of the beam training according to the offset information;

the transmitter generates a training notification message including the time of the next beam training or the training time interval and transmits the training notification message to the receiver.

16. A receiver, comprising:

a receiving module, configured to receive, through a fixed beam, a plurality of training sequences sent by a transmitter through a plurality of training beams, where the plurality of training beams are determined based on a first data beam of current data transmission of the transmitter, and the training beams correspond to the training sequences one to one;

a determining module for determining offset information for the first data beam based on the plurality of training sequences;

a transmitting module to transmit the offset information to the transmitter to cause the transmitter to determine a second data beam for a subsequent data transmission based on the offset information;

wherein the offset information comprises at least one of:

the wave-off azimuth angle AoD of the transmitter, the wave-off apex angle ZoD of the transmitter, the ratio of the strongest path of each training beam to the first data beam, and the angle offset of the first data beam.

17. The receiver of claim 16, wherein the receiving module is specifically configured to:

receiving antenna configuration information of the plurality of training sequences transmitted by the transmitter;

the determining module is specifically configured to:

calculating power delay responses of the training beams according to the training sequences;

determining offset information for the first data beam based on the power delay responses of the plurality of training beams and the antenna configuration information.

18. The receiver of claim 16, wherein the determining module is specifically configured to:

calculating power delay responses of the training beams according to the training sequences;

determining the time delay with the maximum amplitude response according to the power time delay responses of the training wave beams;

and calculating the ratio of the strongest path of each training beam to the first data beam according to the time delay with the maximum amplitude response.

19. The receiver of claim 17, wherein the antenna configuration information comprises one or more of a column number, or a row number, or a column antenna spacing, or a row antenna spacing of an antenna array.

20. The receiver of claim 17, wherein the receiver further comprises:

an obtaining module, configured to obtain a power delay response of the first data beam;

the determining module, when determining the offset information of the first data beam according to the power delay responses of the plurality of training beams and the antenna configuration information, is specifically configured to:

determining offset information for the first data beam based on the power delay response for the first data beam, the power delay responses for the plurality of training beams, and the antenna configuration information.

21. The receiver of claim 16,

the receiving module is further configured to receive a training notification message sent by the transmitter, where the training notification message indicates a time for next beam training or a training time interval for beam training.

22. A receiver, comprising:

a receiving module, configured to receive, through a fixed beam, a plurality of training sequences sent by a transmitter through a plurality of training beams, where the plurality of training beams are determined based on a first data beam of current data transmission of the transmitter, and the training beams correspond to the training sequences one to one;

a determining module for determining offset information for the first data beam based on the plurality of training sequences;

a transmitting module to transmit the offset information to the transmitter to cause the transmitter to determine a second data beam for a subsequent data transmission based on the offset information;

wherein the receiving module is specifically configured to:

receiving antenna configuration information of the plurality of training sequences transmitted by the transmitter;

the determining module is specifically configured to:

calculating power delay responses of the training beams according to the training sequences;

determining offset information for the first data beam based on the power delay responses of the plurality of training beams and the antenna configuration information.

23. A receiver, comprising:

a receiving module, configured to receive, through a fixed beam, a plurality of training sequences sent by a transmitter through a plurality of training beams, where the plurality of training beams are determined based on a first data beam of current data transmission of the transmitter, and the training beams correspond to the training sequences one to one;

a determining module for determining offset information for the first data beam based on the plurality of training sequences;

a transmitting module to transmit the offset information to the transmitter to cause the transmitter to determine a second data beam for a subsequent data transmission based on the offset information;

wherein,

the determining module is specifically configured to:

calculating power delay responses of the training beams according to the training sequences;

determining the time delay with the maximum amplitude response according to the power time delay responses of the training wave beams;

and calculating the ratio of the strongest path of each training beam to the first data beam according to the time delay with the maximum amplitude response.

24. A transmitter, comprising:

a sequence generation module for generating one or more training sequences;

a sending module, configured to send the one or more training sequences to a receiver through a plurality of training beams, where the plurality of training beams are determined based on a first data beam of current data transmission of the transmitter, and the training beams correspond to the training sequences one to one;

a receiving module, configured to receive offset information of the first data beam sent by the receiver;

a beam determination module for determining a second data beam for subsequent data transmission according to the offset information;

wherein the offset information comprises at least one of:

the wave-off azimuth angle AoD of the transmitter, the wave-off apex angle ZoD of the transmitter, the ratio of the strongest path of each training beam to the first data beam, and the angle offset of the first data beam.

25. The transmitter of claim 24,

the sending module is further configured to send, to the receiver, antenna configuration information of the one or more training sequences transmitted by the transmitter.

26. The transmitter of claim 25, wherein the antenna configuration information comprises one or more of a column number, a row number, a column antenna spacing, or a row antenna spacing of an antenna array.

27. The transmitter of claim 24, wherein the plurality of training beams are determined based on a preset amount of angular perturbation and a direction of the first data beam.

28. The transmitter of claim 24, wherein the transmitter further comprises:

a training determining module, configured to determine a next beam training time or a training time interval of the beam training according to the offset information;

a message generation module for generating a training notification message including the time of the next beam training or the training time interval;

the sending module is further configured to send the training notification message to the receiver.

29. The transmitter of claim 28, wherein the training determination module is specifically configured to:

when the value indicated by the offset information is higher than a preset first offset threshold, adjusting the training time interval of the beam training to be a time interval smaller than the current training time interval by a preset threshold;

and when the value indicated by the offset information is lower than or equal to a preset second offset threshold, adjusting the training time interval of the beam training to be a time interval which is larger than the current training time interval by a preset threshold.

30. A transmitter, comprising:

a sequence generation module for generating one or more training sequences;

a sending module, configured to send the one or more training sequences to a receiver through a plurality of training beams, where the plurality of training beams are determined based on a first data beam of current data transmission of the transmitter, and the training beams correspond to the training sequences one to one;

a receiving module, configured to receive offset information of the first data beam sent by the receiver;

a beam determination module for determining a second data beam for subsequent data transmission according to the offset information;

wherein the plurality of training beams are determined based on a preset angular perturbation amount and a direction of the first data beam.

31. A transmitter, comprising:

a sequence generation module for generating one or more training sequences;

a sending module, configured to send the one or more training sequences to a receiver through a plurality of training beams, where the plurality of training beams are determined based on a first data beam of current data transmission of the transmitter, and the training beams correspond to the training sequences one to one;

a receiving module, configured to receive offset information of the first data beam sent by the receiver;

a beam determination module for determining a second data beam for subsequent data transmission according to the offset information;

wherein the transmitter further comprises:

a training determining module, configured to determine a next beam training time or a training time interval of the beam training according to the offset information;

a message generation module for generating a training notification message including the time of the next beam training or the training time interval;

the sending module is further configured to send the training notification message to the receiver.

32. A receiver, comprising: the system comprises a communication interface, a memory and a processor, wherein the processor is respectively connected with the communication interface and the memory;

wherein the memory stores a computer program,

the processor executes the computer program to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

33. A transmitter, comprising: the system comprises a communication interface, a memory and a processor, wherein the processor is respectively connected with the communication interface and the memory;

wherein the memory stores a computer program,

the processor executes the computer program to implement the method of any one of claims 8 to 15.

34. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that it stores a computer program which, when executed by a computer device, is capable of implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

35. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that it stores a computer program which, when executed by a computer device, is capable of implementing the method of any one of claims 8 to 15.

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