CN108315744B - A kind of degreasing and rust removing agent and its preparation method and application - Google Patents

A kind of degreasing and rust removing agent and its preparation method and application Download PDF

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CN108315744B
CN108315744B CN201810127403.0A CN201810127403A CN108315744B CN 108315744 B CN108315744 B CN 108315744B CN 201810127403 A CN201810127403 A CN 201810127403A CN 108315744 B CN108315744 B CN 108315744B
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removing agent
rust
oil
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CN108315744A (en
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张丹
郑磊
黄婵娟
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Huzhou Chuangguan Technology Co ltd
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Jiangnan University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23GCLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G1/00Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
    • C23G1/02Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
    • C23G1/08Iron or steel
    • C23G1/088Iron or steel solutions containing organic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23GCLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G1/00Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
    • C23G1/02Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
    • C23G1/025Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions acidic pickling pastes

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种除油除锈剂及其制备方法与应用,属于化学制剂技术领域。除油除锈剂,按照重要份数,包括以下组分:羟基乙叉二膦酸(HEDP)10‑30份、酒石酸0.5‑3份、焦磷酸钠0‑1份、乳酸锌0‑10份、柠檬酸钠0‑10份、草酸0‑10份。本发明的除油除锈剂中不含强酸,不受温度影响,可以常温除油除锈。并且本发明的除油除锈剂为膏状,便于运输。使用方法为取适量溶于水中即可以除油除锈,一般取3‑10份的除油除锈剂加入80‑120份水,即可以对重腐重油的工件进行除油除锈,一般超声情况下3分钟左右,常温5分钟左右,加热处理会更快。本发明的除油除锈剂使用之后,锈迹会沉积在底部,可以通过过滤二次使用,加碱中和之后可以排放,对环境无污染。

Figure 201810127403

The invention discloses a degreasing and rust removing agent and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of chemical preparations. Degreasing and rust removing agent, according to important parts, including the following components: 10-30 parts of hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid (HEDP), 0.5-3 parts of tartaric acid, 0-1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, 0-10 parts of zinc lactate , 0-10 parts of sodium citrate, and 0-10 parts of oxalic acid. The degreasing and rust removing agent of the invention does not contain strong acid, is not affected by temperature, and can degreasing and rust at room temperature. And the degreasing and rust removing agent of the present invention is in paste form, which is convenient for transportation. The method of use is to remove oil and rust by dissolving an appropriate amount in water. Generally, add 3-10 parts of degreasing and rust-removing agent to 80-120 parts of water, that is, the workpieces with heavy rot and heavy oil can be degreasing and rusting. Generally, ultrasonic It takes about 3 minutes under normal temperature and about 5 minutes at room temperature, and the heating treatment will be faster. After the degreasing and rust removing agent of the present invention is used, the rust will be deposited on the bottom, which can be used for the second time by filtration, and can be discharged after neutralization by adding alkali, and has no pollution to the environment.

Figure 201810127403

Description

Oil and rust removing agent and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to an oil and rust removing agent and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of chemical preparations.
Background
Rusting is a chemical reaction and occurs when iron is left for a long time. Iron is easily rusted and is also very much related to external conditions besides being active due to its chemical properties. Moisture is one of substances that make iron easily rusted. However, iron does not rust only with water, and only when oxygen in the air is dissolved in water, the oxygen reacts with iron in an environment with water to form iron oxide, which is rust. Iron rust is a brownish red substance which is not as hard as iron and is easy to fall off, and after a piece of iron is completely rusted, the volume can be expanded by 8 times. If the rust is not removed, the sponge-like rust is particularly prone to absorb moisture and the iron will rust faster. Iron may weigh more when rusted, about 3 to 5 times the original weight.
The traditional chemical rust removal usually uses strong acid, and the acid can react with iron rust and metal oxide to generate soluble salts, so that the purpose of rust removal is achieved, and the acid can react with base metal to release hydrogen while rust removal, and the hydrogen can generate pressure on the iron rust and indissolvable oxide skin, thereby being beneficial to the stripping of the iron rust and the reduction of high-valence iron, and accelerating the acid cleaning process, but the traditional acid liquid treatment method also has obvious defects: namely, the generation of a large amount of hydrogen in the treatment process can cause the hydrogen embrittlement phenomenon of steel, cause the reduction of the mechanical property of metal and influence the strength of the steel; meanwhile, acid mist is easily formed, which affects the health of operators and corrodes surrounding equipment and environment; the consumption of acid liquor is also large, and the treatment cost is increased; such acids can cause over-corrosion of the steel. In addition, the large amount of generated residues need to be discharged frequently, which not only seriously corrodes industrial pipelines, but also pollutes soil and environment. In addition, strong acids are not easily transported and present a certain risk.
In order to solve the problems, an oil and rust removing agent which does not use strong acid, has high efficiency, simple operation and convenient transportation is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of an oil and rust removing agent, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an oil and rust removing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid (HEDP), 0.5-3 parts of tartaric acid, 0-1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, 0-10 parts of zinc lactate, 0-10 parts of sodium citrate and 0-10 parts of oxalic acid.
In one embodiment of the invention, the following components are included in important parts: 20-30 parts of HEDP, 1-2 parts of tartaric acid, 0.1-1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, 5-10 parts of zinc lactate, 5-10 parts of sodium citrate and 5-10 parts of oxalic acid.
In one embodiment of the invention, the oil and rust removing agent further comprises 1-5 parts of surfactant according to important parts.
In one embodiment of the invention, the surfactant is one or a combination of two of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, cocamidopropyl betaine, sodium lauryl sulfate, coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, sucrose ester and coconut oil acid.
In one embodiment of the invention, the oil and rust removing agent further comprises 20-30 parts of water according to important parts.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the oil and rust removing agent, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding 20-30 parts of water into a reaction kettle, and raising the temperature;
(2) placing 20-30 parts of hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid in a beaker, slowly adding 0.5-3 parts of tartaric acid, and uniformly mixing; then slowly adding 0-1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, and uniformly stirring; then slowly adding 0-10 parts of zinc lactate, and uniformly stirring; slowly adding 0-10 parts of sodium citrate, and uniformly stirring; slowly adding 0-10 parts of oxalic acid, and uniformly stirring to form a uniform solid mixture;
(3) and (3) slowly adding the solid mixture obtained in the step (2) into the warm water obtained in the step (1), adding 1-5 parts of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether or/and 1-5 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine while stirring, continuously stirring uniformly, standing and standing to room temperature to obtain the paste oil and rust removing agent.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the elevated temperature in step (1) is 40 to 60 ℃.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the stirring in step (3) is performed at 1000-.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the oil and rust removing agent in industry and agriculture.
In one embodiment of the invention, the application is to remove oil stains and iron rust on the surface of steel by using the oil and rust removing agent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the oil and rust removing agent does not contain strong acid, is not influenced by temperature, and can remove oil and rust at normal temperature.
2. The oil and rust removing agent is prepared into a paste shape, and is convenient to transport. The use method is that a proper amount of the oil and rust removing agent is dissolved in water to remove oil and rust, generally 3-10 parts of the oil and rust removing agent is added into 80-120 parts of water to remove oil and rust of heavy-rotten heavy oil workpieces, generally, the ultrasonic treatment is performed for about 3 minutes, the normal temperature is about 5 minutes, and the heating treatment is quicker. While the existing method generally adds some substances by using concentrated acid, and the ultrasonic treatment needs 8 to 10 minutes.
3. After the oil and rust removing agent is used, rust can be deposited at the bottom and can be used for the second time through filtration, and can be discharged after being neutralized by adding alkali, so that the oil and rust removing agent has no pollution to the environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the oil and rust removing process; wherein a is the original corrosion workpiece, b is the oil and rust removing process, c is the oil and rust removing effect, and d is the solution after oil and rust removal.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention discloses an oil and rust removing agent which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of HEDP, 0.5-3 parts of tartaric acid, 0-1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, 0-10 parts of zinc lactate, 0-10 parts of sodium citrate, 0-10 parts of oxalic acid, 1-5 parts of surfactant and 20-30 parts of water.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the oil and rust removing agent, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding 20-30 parts of water into a reaction kettle, and heating to 40-60 ℃;
(2) placing 10-30 parts of HEDP in a beaker, slowly adding 0.5-3 parts of tartaric acid, and uniformly mixing; then slowly adding 0-1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, and uniformly stirring; then slowly adding 0-10 parts of zinc lactate, and uniformly stirring; slowly adding 0-10 parts of sodium citrate, and uniformly stirring; slowly adding 0-10 parts of oxalic acid, and uniformly stirring to form a uniform solid mixture;
(3) and (3) slowly adding the solid mixture obtained in the step (2) into the warm water obtained in the step (1), adding 1-5 parts of surfactant, uniformly stirring for 20-30 minutes, stopping stirring, standing and standing to room temperature to obtain the paste oil and rust removing agent.
Example 1:
the invention discloses an oil and rust removing agent which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 27 parts of HEDP, 1 part of tartaric acid, 1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, 5 parts of zinc lactate, 8 parts of sodium citrate, 8 parts of oxalic acid, 3 parts of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 2 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine and 25 parts of water.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the oil and rust removing agent, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding 25 parts of water into a reaction kettle, and heating to 60 ℃;
(2) placing 27 parts of HEDP in a beaker, slowly adding 1 part of tartaric acid, and uniformly mixing; then slowly adding 1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, and uniformly stirring; then slowly adding 5 parts of zinc lactate, and uniformly stirring; slowly adding 8 parts of sodium citrate, and uniformly stirring; slowly adding 8 parts of oxalic acid, and uniformly stirring to form a uniform solid mixture;
(3) and (3) slowly adding the solid mixture obtained in the step (2) into the warm water obtained in the step (1), adding 3 parts of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and 2 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine into the mixture at a speed of 2000 r/min, uniformly stirring the mixture for 30 minutes, stopping stirring, standing the mixture to room temperature, and thus obtaining the paste oil and rust removing agent.
Example 2:
the invention discloses an oil and rust removing agent which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28 parts of HEDP, 1.5 parts of tartaric acid, 1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, 8 parts of zinc lactate, 8 parts of sodium citrate, 8 parts of oxalic acid, 2 parts of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 3 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 25 parts of water.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the oil and rust removing agent, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding 25 parts of water into a reaction kettle, and heating to 40 ℃;
(2) putting 28 parts of HEDP in a beaker, slowly adding 1.5 parts of tartaric acid, and uniformly mixing; then slowly adding 1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, and uniformly stirring; then slowly adding 8 parts of zinc lactate, and uniformly stirring; slowly adding 8 parts of sodium citrate, and uniformly stirring; slowly adding 8 parts of oxalic acid, and uniformly stirring to form a uniform solid mixture;
(3) and (3) slowly adding the solid mixture obtained in the step (2) into the warm water obtained in the step (1), adding 2 parts of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and 3 parts of lauryl sodium sulfate at 3000 r/min, uniformly stirring for 30 minutes, stopping stirring, standing and standing to room temperature to obtain the paste oil and rust removing agent.
Example 3:
the invention discloses an oil and rust removing agent which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28 parts of HEDP, 1.5 parts of tartaric acid, 1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, 8 parts of zinc lactate, 8 parts of sodium citrate, 8 parts of oxalic acid, 4 parts of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and 25 parts of water.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the oil and rust removing agent, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding 25 parts of water into a reaction kettle, and heating to 40 ℃;
(2) putting 28 parts of HEDP in a beaker, slowly adding 1.5 parts of tartaric acid, and uniformly mixing; then slowly adding 1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, and uniformly stirring; then slowly adding 8 parts of zinc lactate, and uniformly stirring; slowly adding 8 parts of sodium citrate, and uniformly stirring; slowly adding 8 parts of oxalic acid, and uniformly stirring to form a uniform solid mixture;
(3) and (3) slowly adding the solid mixture obtained in the step (2) into the warm water obtained in the step (1), adding 4 parts of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether at 3000 r/min, uniformly stirring for 30 minutes, stopping stirring, standing and standing to room temperature to obtain the paste oil and rust removing agent.
Example 4:
the invention discloses an oil and rust removing agent which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28 parts of HEDP, 2 parts of tartaric acid, 1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, 5 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine and 28 parts of water.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the oil and rust removing agent, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding 28 parts of water into a reaction kettle, and heating to 50 ℃;
(2) putting 28 parts of HEDP in a beaker, slowly adding 2 parts of tartaric acid, and uniformly mixing; then slowly adding 1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, and uniformly stirring to form a uniform solid mixture;
(3) and (3) slowly adding the solid mixture obtained in the step (2) into the warm water obtained in the step (1), adding 5 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine, uniformly stirring for 28 minutes, stopping stirring, standing and standing to room temperature to obtain the paste oil and rust removing agent.
Example 5:
the invention discloses an oil and rust removing agent which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of HEDP, 3 parts of tartaric acid, 1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, 5 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 30 parts of water.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the oil and rust removing agent, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding 30 parts of water into a reaction kettle, and heating to 60 ℃;
(2) placing 30 parts of HEDP in a beaker, slowly adding 3 parts of tartaric acid, and uniformly mixing; then slowly adding 1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, and uniformly stirring to form a uniform solid mixture;
(3) and (3) slowly adding the solid mixture obtained in the step (2) into the warm water obtained in the step (1), adding 5 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate at 3000 rpm, uniformly stirring for 30 minutes, stopping stirring, standing and standing to room temperature to obtain the paste oil and rust removing agent.
Example 6:
the invention discloses an oil and rust removing agent which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 23 parts of HEDP, 2 parts of tartaric acid, 5 parts of zinc lactate, 5 parts of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and 20 parts of water.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the oil and rust removing agent, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding 20 parts of water into a reaction kettle, and heating to 50 ℃;
(2) placing 23 parts of HEDP in a beaker, slowly adding 2 parts of tartaric acid, and uniformly mixing; then slowly adding 5 parts of zinc lactate, and uniformly stirring to form a uniform solid mixture;
(3) and (3) slowly adding the solid mixture obtained in the step (2) into the warm water obtained in the step (1), adding 5 parts of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, uniformly stirring for 20 minutes, stopping stirring, standing and standing to room temperature to obtain the paste oil and rust removing agent.
Example 7:
the invention discloses an oil and rust removing agent which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of HEDP, 1 part of tartaric acid, 6 parts of zinc lactate, 5 parts of sodium citrate, 5 parts of oxalic acid, 5 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine and 25 parts of water.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the oil and rust removing agent, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding 25 parts of water into a reaction kettle, and heating to 60 ℃;
(2) placing 25 parts of HEDP in a beaker, slowly adding 1 part of tartaric acid, and uniformly stirring; slowly adding 6 parts of zinc lactate, and uniformly stirring; slowly adding 5 parts of sodium citrate, and uniformly stirring; slowly adding 5 parts of oxalic acid, and uniformly stirring to form a uniform solid mixture;
(3) and (3) slowly adding the solid mixture obtained in the step (2) into the warm water obtained in the step (1), adding 3 parts of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and 3 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine into the mixture at a speed of 2000 r/min, uniformly stirring the mixture for 30 minutes, stopping stirring, standing the mixture to room temperature, and thus obtaining the paste oil and rust removing agent.
Comparative example 1:
the invention discloses an oil and rust removing agent which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 27 parts of HEDP, 5 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine and 25 parts of water.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the oil and rust removing agent, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding 25 parts of water into a reaction kettle, and heating to 60 ℃;
(2) and (2) slowly adding 27 parts of HEDP into the warm water obtained in the step (1), adding 5 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine at a speed of 2000 rpm, uniformly stirring for 30 minutes, stopping stirring, and standing to room temperature to obtain the paste oil and rust removing agent.
Comparative example 2:
the invention discloses an oil and rust removing agent which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of tartaric acid, 1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, 5 parts of zinc lactate, 5 parts of sodium citrate, 5 parts of oxalic acid, 5 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine and 25 parts of water.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the oil and rust removing agent, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding 25 parts of water into a reaction kettle, and heating to 60 ℃;
(2) putting 3 parts of tartaric acid in a beaker, slowly adding 1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, and uniformly stirring; slowly adding 5 parts of zinc lactate, and uniformly stirring; slowly adding 5 parts of sodium citrate, and uniformly stirring; slowly adding 5 parts of oxalic acid, and uniformly stirring to form a uniform solid mixture;
(3) and (3) slowly adding the solid mixture obtained in the step (2) into the warm water obtained in the step (1), adding 5 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine into the mixture at a speed of 2000 rpm, uniformly stirring the mixture for 30 minutes, stopping stirring, standing the mixture and standing the mixture to room temperature to obtain the paste oil and rust removing agent.
10 parts of oil and rust removing agent used in the above embodiments and comparative examples are dissolved in 90 parts of water, oil and rust removing solution is prepared, then a corrosion workpiece with the same corrosion degree is put in, and timing is carried out simultaneously, and when the workpiece has the metal natural color, the timing is stopped.
The treatment time of the oil and rust removing agent in each of the above examples and comparative examples under normal temperature or ultrasonic conditions is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 oil and rust remover treatment time
Normal temperature degreasing and rust removing (min) Ultrasonic oil and rust removing (min)
Example 1 3 1
Example 2 3.5 1.5
Example 3 4 1.5
Example 4 4 2
Example 5 3 2
Example 6 5 3
Example 7 6 3
Comparative example 1 8 5
Comparative example 2 10 6
And 10 parts of hydrochloric acid is added into 90 parts of water to serve as a contrast derusting solvent, then a corroded workpiece with the corrosion degree equivalent to that of the above corrosion is placed, and timing is carried out simultaneously, and when the workpiece is in the natural color of metal, the timing is stopped. The results are shown in FIG. 1, compared with the oil and rust removing agent of example 1. As can be seen from FIG. 1(b), when hydrochloric acid is used for rust removal, a large amount of bubbles exist on the surface of a workpiece and the surface of a solvent, but the oil and rust removing agent of the invention generates fewer bubbles; as can be seen from FIGS. 1(c) and (d), when hydrochloric acid is used for rust removal, more impurities are generated, the solution is yellow, and iron ions are dissolved in the solution, while the oil and rust removing agent of the present invention generates less impurities, and the removed iron is precipitated at the bottom of the cup and is not dissolved in the solution.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (2)

1. A method for removing oil stains and iron rust on metal surfaces is characterized in that an oil and rust removing agent is used, and the oil and rust removing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 27 parts of HEDP, 1 part of tartaric acid, 1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, 5 parts of zinc lactate, 8 parts of sodium citrate, 8 parts of oxalic acid, 3 parts of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 2 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine and 25 parts of water; the metal is steel;
the oil and rust removing agent is prepared by the following specific steps:
(1) adding 25 parts of water into a reaction kettle, and heating to 60 ℃;
(2) placing 27 parts of HEDP in a beaker, slowly adding 1 part of tartaric acid, and uniformly mixing; then slowly adding 1 part of sodium pyrophosphate, and uniformly stirring; then slowly adding 5 parts of zinc lactate, and uniformly stirring; slowly adding 8 parts of sodium citrate, and uniformly stirring; slowly adding 8 parts of oxalic acid, and uniformly stirring to form a uniform solid mixture;
(3) and (3) slowly adding the solid mixture obtained in the step (2) into the warm water obtained in the step (1), adding 3 parts of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and 2 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine into the mixture at a speed of 2000 r/min, uniformly stirring the mixture for 30 minutes, stopping stirring, standing the mixture to room temperature, and thus obtaining the paste oil and rust removing agent.
2. The method for removing oil stains and iron rust from metal surfaces according to claim 1 can be applied in industry and agriculture.
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