CN108398018A - A kind of fine powder suspension calciner and its method of roasting - Google Patents
A kind of fine powder suspension calciner and its method of roasting Download PDFInfo
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- CN108398018A CN108398018A CN201810194882.8A CN201810194882A CN108398018A CN 108398018 A CN108398018 A CN 108398018A CN 201810194882 A CN201810194882 A CN 201810194882A CN 108398018 A CN108398018 A CN 108398018A
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XURIQWBLYMJSLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,7,10-tetrazacyclododecan-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CNCCNCCNCCN1 XURIQWBLYMJSLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any of groups F27B1/00 - F27B15/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种细粉悬浮焙烧装置及其焙烧方法，焙烧装置包括原料预热部和加压焙烧部。原料预热部的原料干燥器的进气端与旋风预热器的热气出口相连接，原料干燥器的出料端与原料旋风分离器的进料端相连，原料旋风分离器的出料端与旋风预热器的进料端相连；加压焙烧部的焙烧室的出料端与成品旋风分离器的进料端相连，成品旋风分离器的出料端与旋风冷却器的进料端相连，旋风冷却器的出料端与成品仓的进料端相连，成品旋风分离器的高温废气出口与旋风预热器的热气进口相连。本发明设备结构简单，可实现半连续生产，保证焙烧质量以得到高品质焙烧粉体，且焙烧气氛、温度和时间均可灵活调节，从而使其对各种不同种类的细粉的焙烧具有广泛的适应性。
The invention discloses a fine powder suspension roasting device and a roasting method thereof. The roasting device comprises a raw material preheating part and a pressure roasting part. The inlet end of the raw material dryer in the raw material preheating part is connected with the hot gas outlet of the cyclone preheater, the discharge end of the raw material dryer is connected with the feed end of the raw material cyclone separator, and the discharge end of the raw material cyclone separator is connected with the The feed end of the cyclone preheater is connected; the discharge end of the roasting chamber of the pressurized roasting part is connected with the feed end of the finished product cyclone separator, and the discharge end of the finished product cyclone separator is connected with the feed end of the cyclone cooler. The discharge end of the cyclone cooler is connected with the feed end of the finished product bin, and the high-temperature waste gas outlet of the finished product cyclone separator is connected with the hot gas inlet of the cyclone preheater. The equipment of the present invention has a simple structure, can realize semi-continuous production, guarantees roasting quality to obtain high-quality roasted powder, and the roasting atmosphere, temperature and time can be adjusted flexibly, so that it has a wide range of roasting functions for various types of fine powders. adaptability.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及粉末材料制备和化工技术领域，特别是涉及一种细粉悬浮焙烧装置及其焙烧方法。The invention relates to the technical fields of powder material preparation and chemical industry, in particular to a fine powder suspension roasting device and a roasting method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
粉体的焙烧是选矿、冶金、材料和化工领域广泛应用的一项工业技术，相应的焙烧设备有传统的倒焰窑、棱式窑、隧道窑、立窑，也有相对现代的回转窑、沸腾炉、循环流化床焙烧炉等。传统的焙烧设备生产效率低，自动化程度低，劳动强度大，操作复杂；回转窑固定资产投资大，沸腾炉、循环流化床焙烧炉则主要针对粒度分布以毫米级为主乃至更粗的粉体，对微米级粉体的焙烧不充分，且不同粒级粉体因焙烧时间差别很大，总有部分焙烧时间短的粉体不能达到焙烧要求，影响焙烧粉体的整体质量，难以制备高质量的粉体。比如煤气化渣中的细渣虽然含碳量高(超过20％)，但着火困难，燃尽性差，只有磨成微米级的细粉、通氧充分持久且足够高温的环境下才可能充分燃烧利用。典型循环流化床焙烧时，粗料在燃烧室停留时间比细料长，多数细粉被气流过早冲出燃烧室，导致燃烧时间过短，难以达到理想的氧化除碳目的。超细煅烧高岭土要求高白度和合适的理化性能，其粉体粒度细至数微米，且需在合适的焙烧温度区间下充分氧化除碳才能保证质量。专利CN 105444160A对循环流化床焙烧设备进行改进，利用旋风分离器收集焙烧时间过短的粉体返回焙烧室二次焙烧，在一定程度上弥补了循环流化床的不足。但由于旋风分离器的分离能力有限，仍有焙烧时间过短的微细粉体混入旋风分离器的气体中被带走而损失掉。入料粉体粒度越细，这种损失就越大，从而使产品收率太低，生产不经济。本发明将粉料分批在焙烧室一起焙烧，同批次产品的焙烧时间相同，从而能保证均衡的焙烧质量而不影响成品率，利于制备高质量的微细粉体。本申请主要针对微细粉体的焙烧，发明一种半连续的悬浮焙烧设备和方法，意在克服循环流化床对细粉焙烧不充分的缺点，也相比上述专利提高成品收率。The roasting of powder is an industrial technology widely used in mineral processing, metallurgy, materials and chemical industry. The corresponding roasting equipment includes traditional downdraft kiln, edge kiln, tunnel kiln, shaft kiln, and relatively modern rotary kiln and fluidized fluidized furnace. , Circulating fluidized bed roaster, etc. Traditional roasting equipment has low production efficiency, low degree of automation, high labor intensity, and complicated operation; the investment in fixed assets of rotary kiln is large, and fluidized bed furnace and circulating fluidized bed roasting furnace are mainly for powders whose particle size distribution is mainly in the millimeter level or even coarser. , the roasting of micron-sized powders is not sufficient, and the roasting time of powders of different sizes varies greatly, and there are always some powders with short roasting times that cannot meet the roasting requirements, which affects the overall quality of roasted powders, and it is difficult to prepare high-quality powders. powder. For example, although the fine slag in coal gasification slag has a high carbon content (more than 20%), it is difficult to catch fire and has poor burnout. use. In typical circulating fluidized bed roasting, the residence time of coarse material in the combustion chamber is longer than that of fine material, and most of the fine powder is rushed out of the combustion chamber prematurely by the air flow, resulting in too short combustion time, making it difficult to achieve the ideal purpose of oxidation and carbon removal. Ultra-fine calcined kaolin requires high whiteness and suitable physical and chemical properties. The powder particle size is as fine as a few microns, and it needs to be fully oxidized and decarbonized under a suitable calcination temperature range to ensure its quality. The patent CN 105444160A improves the circulating fluidized bed roasting equipment, and uses the cyclone separator to collect the powder whose roasting time is too short and returns it to the roasting chamber for secondary roasting, which makes up for the shortcomings of the circulating fluidized bed to a certain extent. However, due to the limited separation capacity of the cyclone separator, there are still fine powders whose roasting time is too short to be mixed into the gas of the cyclone separator and be taken away and lost. The finer the particle size of the feed powder, the greater the loss, so that the product yield is too low and the production is uneconomical. In the present invention, the powders are roasted together in batches in the roasting chamber, and the roasting time of the same batch of products is the same, so that the balanced roasting quality can be ensured without affecting the yield, which is beneficial to the preparation of high-quality fine powder. This application is mainly aimed at the roasting of fine powders, and invents a semi-continuous suspension roasting equipment and method, which aims to overcome the shortcomings of insufficient roasting of fine powders in a circulating fluidized bed, and also improve the yield of finished products compared with the above patents.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对上述技术现状，提供一种焙烧质量高、生产效率高且节能降耗的细粉悬浮焙烧装置及其焙烧方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fine powder suspension roasting device and its roasting method with high roasting quality, high production efficiency, energy saving and consumption reduction, aiming at the above technical status.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下方案：本发明提供一种细粉悬浮焙烧装置，包括相连接的原料预热部和加压焙烧部。所述原料预热部包括原料干燥器、原料旋风分离器和旋风预热器，所述原料干燥器的进气端与所述旋风预热器的热气出口相连接，所述原料干燥器的出料端与所述原料旋风分离器的进料端相连接，所述原料旋风分离器的出料端与所述旋风预热器的进料端相连接；所述加压焙烧部包括焙烧室、成品旋风分离器、旋风冷却器和成品仓，所述焙烧室的出料端与所述成品旋风分离器的进料端相连接，所述成品旋风分离器的出料端与所述旋风冷却器的进料端相连接，所述旋风冷却器的出料端与所述成品仓的进料端相连接，所述成品旋风分离器的高温废气出口与所述旋风预热器的热气进口相连接，所述焙烧室上还设置有空气入口和燃气烧嘴。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a fine powder suspension roasting device, which includes a connected raw material preheating part and a pressurized roasting part. The raw material preheating part includes a raw material dryer, a raw material cyclone separator and a cyclone preheater, the inlet end of the raw material dryer is connected with the hot gas outlet of the cyclone preheater, and the outlet of the raw material dryer is The feed end is connected to the feed end of the raw material cyclone separator, and the discharge end of the raw material cyclone separator is connected to the feed end of the cyclone preheater; the pressurized roasting part includes a roasting chamber, A finished product cyclone separator, a cyclone cooler and a finished product bin, the discharge end of the roasting chamber is connected to the feed end of the finished product cyclone separator, and the discharge end of the finished product cyclone separator is connected to the cyclone cooler The feed end of the cyclone cooler is connected to the feed end of the finished product bin, the high-temperature waste gas outlet of the finished product cyclone separator is connected to the hot gas inlet of the cyclone preheater , the roasting chamber is also provided with an air inlet and a gas burner.
优选地，所述原料预热部还包括除尘机和高温风机，所述除尘机的进风口与所述原料旋风分离器的废气出口相连接，所述除尘机的出风口与所述高温风机相连接。Preferably, the raw material preheating part further includes a dust remover and a high-temperature fan, the air inlet of the dust remover is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the raw material cyclone separator, and the air outlet of the dust remover is connected to the high-temperature fan. connect.
优选地，所述燃气烧嘴分别与燃气管和助燃气管相连接。Preferably, the gas burner is respectively connected with the gas pipe and the assisted gas pipe.
优选地，所述焙烧室的进料端设置在所述焙烧室的上部侧壁上，所述焙烧室的进料端设置有入料阀门，所述焙烧室的出料端设置在所述焙烧室的底部，所述焙烧室的出料端设置有出料阀门，所述焙烧室的空气入口设置在所述焙烧室的顶部，所述空气入口设置有进风阀门。Preferably, the feed end of the roasting chamber is arranged on the upper side wall of the roasting chamber, the feed end of the roasting chamber is provided with a feed valve, and the discharge end of the roasting chamber is arranged on the roasting chamber. The bottom of the chamber, the discharge end of the roasting chamber is provided with a discharge valve, the air inlet of the roasting chamber is arranged at the top of the roasting chamber, and the air inlet is provided with an air inlet valve.
优选地，所述空气入口与所述旋风冷却器的废气出口相连接。Preferably, the air inlet is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the cyclone cooler.
优选地，所述旋风冷却器的废气出口与所述旋风预热器的热气进口相连接。Preferably, the exhaust gas outlet of the cyclone cooler is connected with the hot gas inlet of the cyclone preheater.
优选地，所述原料干燥器的进气端设置在所述原料干燥器的底部，所述原料干燥器的出料端设置在所述原料干燥器的顶部；所述旋风预热器的热气出口和热气进口均设置在所述旋风预热器的上部侧壁上，所述旋风预热器的进料端设置在所述旋风预热器的顶部，所述旋风预热器的出料端设置在所述旋风预热器的底部。Preferably, the inlet end of the raw material drier is set at the bottom of the raw material drier, and the discharge end of the raw material drier is set at the top of the raw material drier; the hot gas outlet of the cyclone preheater and the hot gas inlet are all arranged on the upper side wall of the cyclone preheater, the feed end of the cyclone preheater is arranged on the top of the cyclone preheater, and the discharge end of the cyclone preheater is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone preheater.
优选地，所述成品旋风分离器的出料端与冷空气入口相连。Preferably, the discharge end of the finished cyclone separator is connected to the cold air inlet.
本发明还提供一种细粉悬浮焙烧方法，包括如下步骤：The present invention also provides a fine powder suspension roasting method, comprising the steps of:
焙烧开始前，将焙烧室的进风阀门、入料阀门和出料阀门均设置为关闭状态，焙烧室内只有常压空气，焙烧开始时，常压下的进风阀门开启向所述焙烧室内通入从空转的旋风冷却器中通入的流速可使粉体悬浮的冷空气，同时燃气烧嘴点火，当气压达到P1时，所述进风阀门关闭，随着所述焙烧室温度升高，气压上升，当气压上升至P2时，所述出料阀门打开，热气体依次通过成品旋风分离器、旋风预热器后通入原料干燥器中烘干原料粉，原料粉被热气流烘干并随着热气流依次导入原料旋风分离器和旋风预热器中；Before roasting starts, the air inlet valve, feed valve and discharge valve of the roasting chamber are all set to the closed state, and there is only air at normal pressure in the roasting chamber. The flow rate from the idling cyclone cooler can make the powder suspend cold air, and at the same time the gas burner is ignited. When the air pressure reaches P1, the air inlet valve is closed. As the temperature of the roasting chamber rises, The air pressure rises. When the air pressure rises to P2, the discharge valve is opened, and the hot gas passes through the finished product cyclone separator and cyclone preheater in turn, and then enters the raw material dryer to dry the raw material powder. The raw material powder is dried by the hot air flow and As the hot air flow is introduced into the raw material cyclone separator and cyclone preheater in sequence;
当所述焙烧室的气压下降至P3时，所述进风阀门打开，同时所述出料阀门关闭，所述焙烧室的气压上升至P1时，所述进风阀门重新关闭，当气压上升至P2时，所述出料阀门重新打开，操作转入本步骤开始部分反复循环，同时实时检测从所述进风阀门进入的气体温度；When the air pressure in the roasting chamber drops to P3, the air inlet valve is opened, and the discharge valve is closed simultaneously. When the air pressure in the roasting chamber rises to P1, the air inlet valve is closed again. When the air pressure rises to At P2, the discharge valve is reopened, and the operation is transferred to the beginning of this step to repeat the cycle, and the temperature of the gas entering from the air inlet valve is detected in real time at the same time;
当上述步骤中从所述进风阀门进入的气体温度升至T及更高时，继续所述进风阀门在气压升高至P1时关闭、所述焙烧室的气压升高至P2时所述出料阀门打开及所述焙烧室的气压下降至P3时所述进风阀门打开和所述出料阀门关闭操作后，打开所述入料阀门，从所述旋风预热器导入定量被预热的原料粉体，进料完毕后，关闭所述入料阀门，操作转入本步骤开始环节依序反复循环，这时从出料阀门排出的粉料与热气体的混合物在压力作用下导入所述成品旋风分离器进行固气分离；从所述成品旋风分离器分离的粉体与冷空气入口进入的冷空气混合后进入所述旋风冷却器，从所述旋风冷却器输出的粉体导入成品仓，输出的气体一部分通过所述进风阀门进入所述焙烧室，其余部分与从所述成品旋风分离器分离出的热气汇合通入所述旋风预热器，从旋风预热器中排出的热风通入原料干燥器中烘干原料粉，原料粉被热气流烘干并随着热气流依次被导入所述原料旋风分离器和所述旋风预热器，从所述旋风分离器分离出的废气经过除尘机除尘后被高温风机排入大气。When the temperature of the gas entering from the air inlet valve in the above steps rises to T and higher, continue to close the air inlet valve when the air pressure rises to P1, and when the air pressure in the roasting chamber rises to P2. After the discharge valve is opened and the air pressure in the roasting chamber drops to P3, the air intake valve is opened and the discharge valve is closed, then the feed valve is opened, and a certain amount of preheated air is introduced from the cyclone preheater. After the raw material powder is fed, the feed valve is closed, and the operation is transferred to the beginning of this step and the cycle is repeated in sequence. At this time, the mixture of powder and hot gas discharged from the discharge valve is introduced under pressure into the The finished product cyclone separator performs solid-gas separation; the powder separated from the finished product cyclone separator is mixed with the cold air entering the cold air inlet and then enters the cyclone cooler, and the powder output from the cyclone cooler is introduced into the finished product Part of the output gas enters the roasting chamber through the air inlet valve, and the rest of the gas is merged with the hot gas separated from the finished product cyclone separator and passed into the cyclone preheater, and the gas discharged from the cyclone preheater The hot air is passed into the raw material dryer to dry the raw material powder, and the raw material powder is dried by the hot air flow and is sequentially introduced into the raw material cyclone separator and the cyclone preheater along with the hot air flow, and the separated from the cyclone separator The exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere by the high-temperature fan after being dedusted by the dust collector.
各步骤中，P2>P1>P3>常压，T>常温。In each step, P2>P1>P3>normal pressure, T>normal temperature.
本发明相对于现有技术取得了以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following beneficial effects:
1、本发明提供的细粉悬浮焙烧装置创新了一种充分焙烧细粉原料的方法，可保证焙烧质量以得到高品质焙烧粉体，适用于对焙烧粉体质量要求高的应用。1. The fine powder suspension roasting device provided by the present invention innovates a method for fully roasting fine powder raw materials, which can ensure the roasting quality to obtain high-quality roasted powder, and is suitable for applications that require high quality roasted powder.
2、本发明提供的细粉悬浮焙烧装置中焙烧气氛、温度和时间均可灵活调节，从而使其对各种不同种类的细粉产品的焙烧具有广泛的适应性。2. The roasting atmosphere, temperature and time in the fine powder suspension roasting device provided by the present invention can be flexibly adjusted, so that it has wide adaptability to the roasting of various fine powder products.
3、本发明提供的细粉悬浮焙烧装置设备结构简单，可实现半连续生产，且利用废气预热原料，故投资节省、生产效率高且节能降耗。3. The fine powder suspension roasting device provided by the present invention has a simple equipment structure, can realize semi-continuous production, and uses exhaust gas to preheat raw materials, so investment is saved, production efficiency is high, and energy saving and consumption reduction are achieved.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. Apparently, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative efforts.
图1为本发明细粉悬浮焙烧装置的整体结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of fine powder suspension roasting device of the present invention;
其中，1原料干燥器、2原料旋风分离器、3旋风预热器、4除尘机、5高温风机、6焙烧室、7成品旋风分离器、8旋风冷却器、9成品仓、10燃气烧嘴、61入料阀门、62出料阀门、63进风阀门。Among them, 1 raw material dryer, 2 raw material cyclone separator, 3 cyclone preheater, 4 dust collector, 5 high temperature fan, 6 roasting chamber, 7 finished product cyclone separator, 8 cyclone cooler, 9 finished product warehouse, 10 gas burner , 61 feed valve, 62 discharge valve, 63 air inlet valve.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对上述技术现状，提供一种焙烧质量高、生产效率高且节能降耗的细粉悬浮焙烧装置及其焙烧方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fine powder suspension roasting device and its roasting method with high roasting quality, high production efficiency, energy saving and consumption reduction, aiming at the above technical status.
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
如图1所示，本实施例提供一种细粉悬浮焙烧装置，包括相连接的原料预热部和加压焙烧部。原料预热部包括原料干燥器1、原料旋风分离器2和旋风预热器3，原料干燥器1的进气端与旋风预热器3的热气出口相连接，原料干燥器1的出料端与原料旋风分离器2的进料端相连接，原料旋风分离器2的出料端与旋风预热器3的进料端相连接；加压焙烧部包括焙烧室6、成品旋风分离器7、旋风冷却器8和成品仓9，焙烧室6的出料端与成品旋风分离器7的进料端相连接，成品旋风分离器7的出料端与旋风冷却器8的进料端相连接，旋风冷却器8的出料端与成品仓9的进料端相连接，成品旋风分离器7的高温废气出口与旋风预热器3的热气进口相连接，焙烧室6上还设置有空气入口和燃气烧嘴10。As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides a fine powder suspension roasting device, which includes a connected raw material preheating part and a pressure roasting part. The raw material preheating part includes a raw material dryer 1, a raw material cyclone separator 2 and a cyclone preheater 3, the inlet end of the raw material dryer 1 is connected with the hot gas outlet of the cyclone preheater 3, and the discharge end It is connected to the feed end of the raw material cyclone separator 2, and the discharge end of the raw material cyclone separator 2 is connected to the feed end of the cyclone preheater 3; the pressurized roasting part includes a roasting chamber 6, a finished product cyclone separator 7, Cyclone cooler 8 and finished product bin 9, the discharge end of roasting chamber 6 is connected with the feed end of finished product cyclone separator 7, and the discharge end of finished product cyclone separator 7 is connected with the feed end of cyclone cooler 8, The discharge end of the cyclone cooler 8 is connected with the feed end of the finished product bin 9, the high-temperature waste gas outlet of the finished product cyclone separator 7 is connected with the hot gas inlet of the cyclone preheater 3, and the roasting chamber 6 is also provided with an air inlet and a Gas burner 10.
其中，相连接的关系并不一定指的是通过管路相连接，也可以上下相对间隔设置，如成品旋风分离器7的出料端与旋风冷却器8的进料端上下相对间隔设置；旋风冷却器8的出料端与成品仓9的进料端上下相对间隔设置；燃气烧嘴10用于点火燃烧，为现有技术。Wherein, the relationship of being connected does not necessarily refer to being connected through pipelines, and can also be arranged at intervals up and down, such as the discharge end of the finished product cyclone separator 7 and the feed end of the cyclone cooler 8 are arranged at intervals up and down; the cyclone The discharge end of the cooler 8 and the feed end of the finished product bin 9 are relatively spaced up and down; the gas burner 10 is used for ignition and combustion, which is a prior art.
本实施例中原料预热部还包括除尘机4和高温风机5，除尘机4的进风口与原料旋风分离器2的废气出口相连接，除尘机4的出风口与高温风机5相连接。In this embodiment, the raw material preheating part also includes a dust remover 4 and a high-temperature blower 5 , the air inlet of the dust remover 4 is connected to the waste gas outlet of the raw material cyclone separator 2 , and the air outlet of the dust remover 4 is connected to the high-temperature blower 5 .
本实施例中燃气烧嘴10分别与燃气管和助燃气管相连接。In this embodiment, the gas burner 10 is connected with the gas pipe and the gas-supporting pipe respectively.
本实施例中焙烧室6的进料端设置在焙烧室6的上部侧壁上，焙烧室6的进料端设置有入料阀门61，焙烧室6的出料端设置在焙烧室6的底部，焙烧室6的出料端设置有出料阀门62，焙烧室6的空气入口设置在焙烧室6的顶部，空气入口设置有进风阀门63。In this embodiment, the feed end of the roasting chamber 6 is arranged on the upper side wall of the roasting chamber 6, the feed end of the roasting chamber 6 is provided with a feed valve 61, and the discharge end of the roasting chamber 6 is arranged at the bottom of the roasting chamber 6 , The discharge end of the roasting chamber 6 is provided with a discharge valve 62 , the air inlet of the roasting chamber 6 is arranged at the top of the roasting chamber 6 , and the air inlet is provided with an air inlet valve 63 .
本实施例中焙烧室空气入口与旋风冷却器8的废气出口相连接。In this embodiment, the air inlet of the roasting chamber is connected with the waste gas outlet of the cyclone cooler 8 .
本实施例中旋风冷却器8的进料端设置在旋风冷却器8的顶部，旋风冷却器8的出料端设置在旋风冷却器8的底部，旋风冷却器8的废气出口设置在旋风冷却器8的上部侧壁上，旋风冷却器8的废气出口与旋风预热器3的热气进口相连接。In this embodiment, the feed end of the cyclone cooler 8 is arranged on the top of the cyclone cooler 8, the discharge end of the cyclone cooler 8 is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone cooler 8, and the exhaust gas outlet of the cyclone cooler 8 is arranged on the cyclone cooler. On the upper side wall of the cyclone cooler 8, the waste gas outlet of the cyclone cooler 8 is connected with the hot gas inlet of the cyclone preheater 3.
本实施例中原料干燥器1的进气端设置在原料干燥器1的底部，原料干燥器1的出料端设置在原料干燥器1的顶部；原料旋风分离器2的进料端设置在原料旋风分离器2的上部侧壁上，原料旋风分离器2的出料端设置在原料旋风分离器2的底部，原料旋风分离器2的废气出口设置在原料旋风分离器2的顶部；旋风预热器3的热气出口和热气进口均设置在旋风预热器3的上部侧壁上，旋风预热器3的进料端设置在旋风预热器3的顶部，旋风预热器3的出料端设置在旋风预热器3的底部。In this embodiment, the inlet end of the raw material dryer 1 is arranged at the bottom of the raw material dryer 1, the discharge end of the raw material dryer 1 is arranged at the top of the raw material dryer 1; the feeding end of the raw material cyclone separator 2 is arranged at the raw material dryer 1 On the upper side wall of the cyclone separator 2, the discharge end of the raw material cyclone separator 2 is arranged at the bottom of the raw material cyclone separator 2, and the waste gas outlet of the raw material cyclone separator 2 is arranged at the top of the raw material cyclone separator 2; cyclone preheating The hot gas outlet and the hot gas inlet of the device 3 are all arranged on the upper side wall of the cyclone preheater 3, the feed end of the cyclone preheater 3 is arranged on the top of the cyclone preheater 3, and the discharge end of the cyclone preheater 3 Set at the bottom of cyclone preheater 3.
本实施例中成品旋风分离器7的进料端设置在成品旋风分离器7的上部侧壁上，成品旋风分离器7的出料端设置在成品旋风分离器7的底部，成品旋风分离器7的高温废气出口设置在成品旋风分离器7的顶部。In this embodiment, the feed end of the finished product cyclone separator 7 is arranged on the upper side wall of the finished product cyclone separator 7, and the discharge end of the finished product cyclone separator 7 is arranged on the bottom of the finished product cyclone separator 7, and the finished product cyclone separator 7 The high-temperature exhaust gas outlet is set on the top of the finished product cyclone separator 7.
为了提高成品物料的冷却效果和冷却效率，本实施例中成品旋风分离器7的出料端与旋风冷却器8的进料端之间设置有冷空气入口。In order to improve the cooling effect and cooling efficiency of the finished product, a cold air inlet is provided between the discharge end of the finished product cyclone separator 7 and the feed end of the cyclone cooler 8 in this embodiment.
本发明还提供一种应用上述细粉悬浮焙烧装置的细粉悬浮焙烧方法，以焙烧煤气化渣粉为例描述步骤如下：The present invention also provides a fine powder suspension roasting method using the above-mentioned fine powder suspension roasting device. Taking roasted coal gasification slag powder as an example, the steps are as follows:
焙烧开始前，将焙烧室6的进风阀门63、入料阀门61和出料阀门62均设置为关闭状态，焙烧室6内只有常压空气，焙烧开始时，常压下的进风阀门63开启向焙烧室6内通入从空转的旋风冷却器8中通入的冷空气，同时燃气烧嘴10点火，当焙烧室气压达到P1时，进风阀门63关闭，随着焙烧室6温度升高，气压上升，当气压上升至P2时，出料阀门62打开，热气体依次通过成品旋风分离器7、旋风预热器3后通入原料干燥器1中烘干原料粉(磨细的煤气化渣)，原料粉被热气流烘干并随着热气流依次导入原料旋风分离器2和旋风预热器3中，从旋风分离器分离出的废气经过除尘机4除尘后被高温风机5排入大气；Before the roasting begins, the air inlet valve 63, the feed valve 61 and the discharge valve 62 of the roasting chamber 6 are all set to the closed state, and there is only normal pressure air in the roasting chamber 6. Open the cold air that passes into the idling cyclone cooler 8 in the roasting chamber 6, and the gas burner 10 is ignited at the same time. When the air pressure in the roasting chamber reaches P1, the air inlet valve 63 is closed. High, the air pressure rises, when the air pressure rises to P2, the discharge valve 62 is opened, and the hot gas passes through the finished product cyclone separator 7 and the cyclone preheater 3 successively, and then passes into the raw material dryer 1 to dry the raw material powder (fine gas slag), the raw material powder is dried by the hot air flow and is sequentially introduced into the raw material cyclone separator 2 and the cyclone preheater 3 along with the hot air flow, and the exhaust gas separated from the cyclone separator is dedusted by the dust collector 4 and then discharged by the high temperature fan 5 into the atmosphere;
当焙烧室6的气压下降至P3时，进风阀门63打开，同时出料阀门62关闭，焙烧室6的气压上升至P1时，进风阀门63重新关闭，当气压上升至P2时，出料阀门62重新打开，操作转入本步骤开始部分反复循环，同时实时检测进入进风阀门63的气体温度；When the air pressure of the roasting chamber 6 drops to P3, the air inlet valve 63 is opened, and the discharge valve 62 is closed simultaneously. When the air pressure of the roasting chamber 6 rises to P1, the air inlet valve 63 is closed again. When the air pressure rises to P2, the discharge The valve 62 is opened again, and the operation is transferred to the beginning part of this step and the cycle is repeated, and the temperature of the gas entering the air inlet valve 63 is detected in real time at the same time;
上述步骤中当从进风阀门63的进气温度升至T及更高时，进行进风阀门63在气压升高至P1时关闭、焙烧室6的气压升高至P2时出料阀门62打开及焙烧室6的气压下降至P3时进风阀门63打开和出料阀门62关闭操作后，打开入料阀门61，从旋风预热器3导入定量被预热的原料粉体，进料完毕后，入料阀门61关闭，操作转入本步骤开始环节依序反复循环；此时从出料阀门排出的粉料与热气体导入成品旋风分离器7进行固气分离；In the above steps, when the air inlet temperature from the air inlet valve 63 rises to T and higher, the air inlet valve 63 is closed when the air pressure rises to P1, and the discharge valve 62 is opened when the air pressure of the roasting chamber 6 rises to P2 And when the air pressure in the roasting chamber 6 drops to P3, the air inlet valve 63 is opened and the discharge valve 62 is closed. After the operation, the feed valve 61 is opened, and the quantitatively preheated raw material powder is introduced from the cyclone preheater 3. After the feed is completed, , the feed valve 61 is closed, and the operation is transferred to the beginning of this step and the cycle is repeated in sequence; at this time, the powder and hot gas discharged from the discharge valve are introduced into the finished product cyclone separator 7 for solid-gas separation;
从成品旋风分离器7分离的粉体与从冷空气入口进入的冷空气混合后进入旋风冷却器8，从旋风冷却器8输出的粉体导入成品仓9，输出的气体一部分通过进风阀门63进入焙烧室6，其余部分与从成品旋风分离器7分离出的热气汇合通入旋风预热器3。The powder separated from the finished product cyclone separator 7 is mixed with the cold air entering from the cold air inlet and then enters the cyclone cooler 8, the powder output from the cyclone cooler 8 is introduced into the finished product bin 9, and part of the output gas passes through the air inlet valve 63 Enter the roasting chamber 6, and the remaining part is merged with the hot gas separated from the finished product cyclone separator 7 and passed into the cyclone preheater 3.
其中，焙烧室6的进风阀门63、入料阀门61和出料阀门62均只能单向开启，其启闭分为手动启闭和压力启闭两种，开机时可手动启闭，正常运行时由压力启闭。Among them, the air inlet valve 63, the material inlet valve 61 and the material outlet valve 62 of the roasting chamber 6 can only be opened in one direction, and its opening and closing are divided into two types: manual opening and closing and pressure opening and closing. It is opened and closed by pressure during operation.
本细粉悬浮焙烧装置依靠进风与高温燃气交互作用形成的紊流气体悬浮并充分混合和加热粉体，并促成气固焙烧反应充分，其中P2>P1>P3>常压，T>常温。P1的下限值需与进风阀门口径及粉体粒径匹配，使进风气流的流速足以悬浮粉体，通常预先设定P1、P3和T为默认值，只通过调整P2的大小来调节焙烧温度和焙烧时间，P2越大，则焙烧温度越高，焙烧时间越长。This fine powder suspension roasting device relies on the turbulent gas formed by the interaction between the incoming air and high-temperature gas to suspend and fully mix and heat the powder, and promote the full gas-solid roasting reaction, wherein P2>P1>P3>normal pressure, T>normal temperature. The lower limit of P1 needs to match the caliber of the air inlet valve and the particle size of the powder, so that the flow rate of the air inlet air is sufficient to suspend the powder. Usually, P1, P3 and T are preset as default values, and only adjusted by adjusting the size of P2. Calcination temperature and roasting time, the larger P2 is, the higher the roasting temperature and the longer the roasting time.
本发明中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。In the present invention, specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the present invention The idea of the invention will have changes in the specific implementation and scope of application. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
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