CN108398588A - A kind of current sensor - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及传感器技术领域，具体涉及一种电流传感器。The invention relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to a current sensor.
背景技术Background technique
电流传感器广泛应用于新能源、智能交通、工业控制、智能家电以及智能电网等领域。Current sensors are widely used in new energy, intelligent transportation, industrial control, smart home appliances, and smart grids.
如图1所示，现有技术公开了一种电流传感器，多个磁传感器单元环绕设置在待测导线的周围，每个磁传感器单元包括磁敏感方向相反的第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻，相邻的磁电阻首尾相连而形成串联设置的传感器链，传感器链的两端作为该电流传感器的输出端。As shown in Figure 1, the prior art discloses a current sensor in which a plurality of magnetic sensor units are arranged around the wire to be tested, and each magnetic sensor unit includes a first magnetoresistance and a second magnetoresistance with opposite directions of magnetic sensitivity , adjacent magnetoresistors are connected end to end to form a sensor chain arranged in series, and the two ends of the sensor chain are used as output terminals of the current sensor.
然而，串联而成的传感器链中，一旦有一个磁电阻损坏，则会使整个电流传感器无法输出测量结果。However, in the sensor chain formed in series, once a magnetoresistance is damaged, the entire current sensor cannot output measurement results.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，本发明实施例提供了一种电流传感器，以解决现有电流传感器中一个磁电阻损坏会导致整个电流传感器无法输出测量结果的问题。In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a current sensor to solve the problem in the existing current sensor that a damaged magnetoresistance will cause the entire current sensor to fail to output measurement results.
本发明实施例提供了一种电流传感器，包括：至少三个磁传感器单元，环绕排布在待检测区域周围，所述待检测区域用于穿设待测导线；每个磁传感器单元包括：第一磁电阻；第二磁电阻，与所述第一磁电阻串联，串联后的两端分别连接电源两端；其中，所述第二磁电阻与所述第一磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反；每个磁传感器单元的输出端设置于所述第一磁电阻和所述第二磁电阻之间；每个磁传感器单元的输出端与其他磁传感器单元中至少一者的输出端相接。An embodiment of the present invention provides a current sensor, including: at least three magnetic sensor units, arranged around the area to be detected, and the area to be detected is used to pass through the wire to be tested; each magnetic sensor unit includes: A magnetoresistance; the second magnetoresistance is connected in series with the first magnetoresistance, and the two ends of the series connection are respectively connected to both ends of the power supply; wherein, the magnetic sensitivity direction of the second magnetoresistance is opposite to that of the first magnetoresistance; The output end of each magnetic sensor unit is arranged between the first magnetic resistance and the second magnetic resistance; the output end of each magnetic sensor unit is connected to the output end of at least one of the other magnetic sensor units.
可选地，所述至少三个传感器单元的输出端相接。Optionally, the output ends of the at least three sensor units are connected.
可选地，所述电流传感器还包括：第一运算放大器，所述至少三个磁传感器单元的输出端相接后连接至所述第一运算放大器的第一输入端，所述第一运算放大器的第二输入端连接参考电压。Optionally, the current sensor further includes: a first operational amplifier, the output terminals of the at least three magnetic sensor units are connected to the first input terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the first operational amplifier The second input terminal is connected to the reference voltage.
可选地，所述至少三个磁传感器单元包括第一磁传感器单元和第二磁传感器单元，其中，所述第一磁传感器单元和所述第二磁传感器单元中连接至相同电位源的磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反；所述第一磁传感器单元和所述第二磁传感器单元相互交错地环绕排布在所述待检测区域周围；所述第一磁传感器的输出端相接，所述第二磁传感器的输出端相接。Optionally, the at least three magnetic sensor units include a first magnetic sensor unit and a second magnetic sensor unit, wherein the magnets in the first magnetic sensor unit and the second magnetic sensor unit are connected to the same potential source The magnetic sensitivity direction of the resistance is opposite; the first magnetic sensor unit and the second magnetic sensor unit are alternately arranged around the area to be detected; the output ends of the first magnetic sensor are connected, and the The output terminals of the second magnetic sensors are connected together.
可选地，所述电流传感器还包括：第二运算放大器，所述第一磁传感器单元的输出端相接后连接至所述第二运算放大器的第一输入端连接，所述第二运算放大器的第二输入端连接至每个第二磁传感器单元中第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻之间。Optionally, the current sensor further includes: a second operational amplifier, the output terminals of the first magnetic sensor unit are connected to each other and then connected to the first input terminal of the second operational amplifier, and the second operational amplifier The second input terminal of the second magnetic sensor unit is connected between the first magnetoresistance and the second magnetoresistance in each second magnetic sensor unit.
可选地，每个磁传感器单元还包括：第三磁电阻；第四磁电阻，与第三磁电阻串联，串联后的两端分别连接电源两端；其中，第四磁电阻与第三磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反；每个磁传感器单元中，连接同一电位源的磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反；所述磁传感器单元的第一输出端设置于所述第一磁电阻和所述第二磁电阻之间，第二输出端设置于所述第三磁电阻和所述第四磁电阻之间；每个磁传感器单元的第一输出端相接，第二输出端相接。Optionally, each magnetic sensor unit also includes: a third magnetoresistance; a fourth magnetoresistance, which is connected in series with the third magnetoresistance, and the two ends of the series connection are respectively connected to two ends of the power supply; wherein, the fourth magnetoresistance and the third magnetoresistance The magnetic sensitivity direction of the resistance is opposite; in each magnetic sensor unit, the magnetic sensitivity direction of the magnetoresistance connected to the same potential source is opposite; the first output end of the magnetic sensor unit is arranged on the first magnetic resistance and the second Between the magnetoresistances, the second output terminal is arranged between the third magnetoresistance and the fourth magnetoresistance; the first output terminals of each magnetic sensor unit are connected to each other, and the second output terminals are connected to each other.
可选地，所述电流传感器还包括：第三运算放大器，每个磁传感器单元的第一输出端相接后连接至所述第三运算放大器的第一输入端，每个磁传感器单元的第二输出端相接后连接至第三运算放大器的第二输入端。Optionally, the current sensor further includes: a third operational amplifier, the first output terminals of each magnetic sensor unit are connected to the first input terminal of the third operational amplifier, and the first output terminals of each magnetic sensor unit The two output ends are connected and then connected to the second input end of the third operational amplifier.
可选地，所述至少三个磁传感器单元按照预定几何图形均匀排布在所述待检测区域周围，所述预定几何图形包括圆、椭圆或中心对称的多边形。Optionally, the at least three magnetic sensor units are uniformly arranged around the area to be detected according to a predetermined geometric figure, and the predetermined geometric figure includes a circle, an ellipse or a centrally symmetrical polygon.
本发明实施例提供的电流传感器，每个磁传感器单元分别连接至电源两端，磁传感器单元的输出端设置于第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻之间，从而多个磁传感器单元中的磁电阻实际上是并联设置的关系，即使有一个磁传感器单元损坏，其余磁传感器依然能够正常工作并输出测量结果。In the current sensor provided by the embodiment of the present invention, each magnetic sensor unit is connected to both ends of the power supply, and the output end of the magnetic sensor unit is arranged between the first magnetoresistance and the second magnetoresistance, so that the magnetic sensors in the plurality of magnetic sensor units The resistors are actually set in parallel. Even if one magnetic sensor unit is damaged, the rest of the magnetic sensors can still work normally and output measurement results.
附图说明Description of drawings
通过参考附图会更加清楚的理解本发明的特征和优点，附图是示意性的而不应理解为对本发明进行任何限制，在附图中：The features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by referring to the accompanying drawings, which are schematic and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way. In the accompanying drawings:
图1示出了现有技术中电流传感器的示意图；Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of current sensor in the prior art;
图2示出了根据本发明实施例的一种电流传感器的示意图；Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a current sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3示出了根据本发明实施例的另一种电流传感器的示意图；FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of another current sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4示出了根据本发明实施例的一种信号处理模块的示意图；Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a signal processing module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5示出了一种仿真示意图；Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of simulation;
图6示出了根据图5所示方式进行仿真的结果；Fig. 6 shows the result of carrying out simulation according to the mode shown in Fig. 5;
图7示出了另一种仿真示意图；Fig. 7 shows another kind of simulation schematic diagram;
图8示出了根据图7所示方式进行仿真的结果；Fig. 8 shows the result of carrying out simulation according to the mode shown in Fig. 7;
图9示出了根据本发明实施例的另一种电流传感器的示意图；FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of another current sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图10示出了根据本发明实施例的另一种信号处理模块的示意图；FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of another signal processing module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图11示出了根据本发明实施例的另一种电流传感器的示意图；FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram of another current sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图12示出了根据本发明实施例的另一种信号处理模块的示意图。Fig. 12 shows a schematic diagram of another signal processing module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明实施例提供的电流传感器，每个磁传感器单元分别连接至电源两端，磁传感器单元的输出端设置于第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻之间，从而多个磁传感器单元中的磁电阻实际上是并联设置的关系，即使有一个磁传感器单元损坏，其余磁传感器依然能够正常工作并输出测量结果。In the current sensor provided by the embodiment of the present invention, each magnetic sensor unit is connected to both ends of the power supply, and the output end of the magnetic sensor unit is arranged between the first magnetoresistance and the second magnetoresistance, so that the magnetic sensors in the plurality of magnetic sensor units The resistors are actually set in parallel. Even if one magnetic sensor unit is damaged, the rest of the magnetic sensors can still work normally and output measurement results.
此外，本发明实施例提供的电流传感器中，磁传感器单元环绕排布在待检测区域周围，该待检测区域用于穿设待测导线。根据“磁场的安培环路定理”：磁感应强度B沿任何闭合路径的线积分，等于这闭合路径所包围的各个电流的代数和乘以磁导率”，即∮B·dl＝μI。本发明实施例所提供的电流传感器通过环绕排布在待测导线周围的磁传感器测量其所在位置处的磁感应强度，通过离散化的方式获取磁感应强度沿待测导线周围的闭合路径的线积分，从而可以求取闭合路径所包围的待测导线的电流值，并且该电流传感器的测量值不受待测导线位置误差的影响，也不受外界磁场的干扰(测量值仅与闭合图形内的电流值有关)。In addition, in the current sensor provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic sensor units are arranged around the area to be detected, and the area to be detected is used for passing the wire to be tested. According to " the Ampere loop theorem of magnetic field ": the line integral of magnetic induction intensity B along any closed path is equal to the algebraic sum of each electric current surrounded by this closed path multiplied by magnetic permeability ", that is ∮ B dl=μI. The present invention The current sensor provided by the embodiment measures the magnetic induction intensity at its location by surrounding the magnetic sensor arranged around the wire to be tested, and obtains the line integral of the magnetic induction intensity along the closed path around the wire to be tested in a discretized manner, so that it can Find the current value of the wire to be tested surrounded by the closed path, and the measured value of the current sensor is not affected by the position error of the wire to be tested, nor is it disturbed by the external magnetic field (the measured value is only related to the current value in the closed graph ).
实施例一Embodiment one
本发明实施例提供了一种电流传感器，如图2和图3所示，包括至少三个磁传感器单元，环绕排布在待检测区域周围，该待检测区域用于穿设待测导线。每个磁传感器单元包括第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻，第一磁电阻与第二磁电阻串联，串联后的两端分别连接电源两端，并且第二磁电阻与第一磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反。每个磁传感器单元的输出端设置于第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻之间。这些磁传感器单元的输出端连接。An embodiment of the present invention provides a current sensor, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , which includes at least three magnetic sensor units arranged around an area to be detected, and the area to be detected is used for passing a wire to be tested. Each magnetic sensor unit includes a first magnetoresistance and a second magnetoresistance, the first magnetoresistance is connected in series with the second magnetoresistance, and the two ends of the series connection are respectively connected to the two ends of the power supply, and the magnetic resistance of the second magnetoresistance and the first magnetoresistance Sensitivity is in the opposite direction. The output terminal of each magnetic sensor unit is arranged between the first magnetoresistance and the second magnetoresistance. The output terminals of these magnetic sensor units are connected.
如图2和图3所示，磁传感器单元10a-10h按照闭合图形环绕排布在待测导线A周围，该闭合图形可以为圆形、椭圆形或中心对称的多边形等。磁传感器单元10a包括第一磁电阻11a和第二磁电阻12a，第一磁电阻11a的阻值随着其所在位置处磁感应强度的增大而增大(即正敏感方向)，第二磁电阻12a的阻值随着其所在位置处磁感应强度的增大而减小(即负敏感方向)；或者，第一磁电阻11a的阻值随着其所在位置处磁感应强度的增大而减小(即负敏感方向)，第二磁电阻12a的阻值随着其所在位置处磁感应强度的增大而增大(即正敏感方向)。其余磁传感器单元10b-10h也如此设置。磁传感器10a-10h的输出端Vo相接在一起。As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the magnetic sensor units 10 a - 10 h are arranged around the wire A to be tested according to a closed figure, and the closed figure may be a circle, an ellipse, or a centrally symmetrical polygon. The magnetic sensor unit 10a comprises a first magnetoresistance 11a and a second magnetoresistance 12a, the resistance value of the first magnetoresistance 11a increases with the increase of the magnetic induction intensity at its position (i.e. positive sensitive direction), and the second magnetoresistance The resistance value of 12a decreases with the increase of the magnetic induction intensity at its location (that is, the negative sensitive direction); or, the resistance value of the first magnetoresistance 11a decreases with the increase of the magnetic induction intensity at its location ( That is, the negative sensitive direction), and the resistance value of the second magnetoresistor 12a increases with the increase of the magnetic induction intensity at its position (that is, the positive sensitive direction). The rest of the magnetic sensor units 10b-10h are also arranged in the same way. The output terminals Vo of the magnetic sensors 10a-10h are connected together.
本发明实施例提供的电流传感器的输出端相接，还能够较好地抑制待测导线位置偏移或外部均匀磁场带来的误差。理由如下：The output ends of the current sensors provided by the embodiments of the present invention are connected, which can also better suppress errors caused by the positional deviation of the wire to be tested or the external uniform magnetic field. The reasons are as follows:
以磁传感器单元以待检测区域为圆心，在待测导线周围排布成圆形阵列为例，假设第一磁电阻的阻值为R1＝R0+k·Bi，其中R0为第一磁电阻在磁感应强度为零时的阻值，Bi为第一磁电阻所在处的磁感应强度，k为第一磁电阻的变化率；第二磁电阻的阻值为R2＝R0-k·Bj，其中R0为第二磁电阻在磁感应强度为零时的阻值(磁感应强度为零时，第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻的阻值相等)，Bj为第二磁电阻所在处的磁感应强度，k为第二磁电阻的变化率。则所有磁传感器单元的输出端相接后输出的信号为Taking the magnetic sensor unit as the center of the circle to be detected and arranged in a circular array around the wire to be tested as an example, assuming that the resistance value of the first magnetoresistance is R 1 =R 0 +k·B i , where R 0 is the first The resistance value of a magnetoresistance when the magnetic induction intensity is zero, Bi is the magnetic induction intensity at the location of the first magnetoresistance, and k is the rate of change of the first magnetoresistance; the resistance value of the second magnetoresistance is R 2 =R 0 - k·B j , where R 0 is the resistance value of the second magnetic resistance when the magnetic induction is zero (when the magnetic induction is zero, the resistance of the first magnetic resistance and the second magnetic resistance are equal), and B j is the second magnetic resistance The magnetic induction intensity where the resistance is located, k is the rate of change of the second magnetic resistance. Then the output signals of all the magnetic sensor units are connected to each other as
其中，Vcc为电源电压(即本申请附图中的VCC)，n为磁传感器单元的个数。Wherein, Vcc is the power supply voltage (that is, VCC in the drawings of this application), and n is the number of magnetic sensor units.
如果待测导线位于圆形阵列的圆心位置无偏移，则各个磁传感器单元处的磁感应强度相等，假设为B0，则输出可简化为If the wire to be tested is located at the center of the circular array without offset, the magnetic induction at each magnetic sensor unit is equal, assuming B 0 , the output can be simplified as
如果待测导线偏离圆心位置，或受到外部均匀磁场的影响，则If the wire to be tested deviates from the center of the circle, or is affected by an external uniform magnetic field, then
其中，δBi为第i个磁传感器单元相比与待测导线无偏移时的磁感应强度变化量。由于R0远大于电阻改变量k·B，对公式(3)取一阶近似为Among them, δB i is the variation of the magnetic induction intensity of the i-th magnetic sensor unit compared with the wire to be tested when there is no offset. Since R 0 is much larger than the resistance change k·B, the first-order approximation to formula (3) is
其中，是n个磁传感器单元所在位置出磁感应强度变化量的平均值。这里，因此可以得到也即本发明实施例提供的电流传感器的输出端相接能够较好地抑制待测导线位置偏移或外部均匀磁场带来的误差。in, is the average value of the variation of magnetic induction intensity at the positions of n magnetic sensor units. here, So you can get That is to say, the connection of the output terminals of the current sensor provided by the embodiment of the present invention can better suppress the position deviation of the wire to be tested or the error caused by the external uniform magnetic field.
此外，在实验数据方面，根据上述公式(1)，以磁传感器单元按照半径为25cm的圆形排列，待测导线位置偏离圆心一定位置(如图5所示)进行仿真，可得位置偏移量与电流传感器的测量误差之间的关系如图6所示。由图6可以看出，磁传感器单元的输出端相连使得多个磁电阻并联可以较好地抑制待测导线位置偏移带来的误差，并且磁传感器单元的数量越多，抑制误差的效果越好。In addition, in terms of experimental data, according to the above formula (1), the magnetic sensor units are arranged in a circle with a radius of 25cm, and the position of the wire to be tested deviates from the center of the circle by a certain position (as shown in Figure 5) for simulation, and the position offset can be obtained The relationship between the amount and the measurement error of the current sensor is shown in Figure 6. It can be seen from Figure 6 that the output terminals of the magnetic sensor units are connected so that multiple magnetic resistances can be connected in parallel to better suppress the error caused by the position deviation of the wire to be tested, and the more the number of magnetic sensor units, the greater the effect of suppressing errors. it is good.
另外，根据上述公式(1)，以待测导线旁边有一通以相同电流的导线、且两根导线相距50mm(如图7)进行仿真，外部导线产生的误差如图8所示。由8可以看出，磁传感器单元的输出端相连使得多个磁电阻并联可以较好地抑制外部电流所产生磁场带来的误差，并且磁传感器单元的数量越多，抑制误差的效果越好。In addition, according to the above formula (1), there is a wire with the same current next to the wire to be tested, and the distance between the two wires is 50mm (as shown in Figure 7). The error generated by the external wire is shown in Figure 8. It can be seen from 8 that the output terminals of the magnetic sensor units are connected so that the parallel connection of multiple magnetic resistances can better suppress the error caused by the magnetic field generated by the external current, and the more the number of magnetic sensor units, the better the error suppression effect.
需要说明的是，磁传感器10a-10h的输出端Vo相接后可以直接作为输出端。或者，作为本实施例的一种可选实施方式，如图4所示，输出端Vo相接后连接至第一运算放大器的第一输入端，第一运算放大器的第二输入端连接参考电压Vref。通过运算放大器对输出信号Vo进行放大能够使其数值更容易获取。It should be noted that the output terminals Vo of the magnetic sensors 10a-10h can be directly used as output terminals after being connected. Or, as an optional implementation of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the output terminals Vo are connected to the first input terminal of the first operational amplifier after being connected, and the second input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the reference voltage Vref. Amplifying the output signal Vo through an operational amplifier can make its value easier to obtain.
实施例二Embodiment two
本发明实施例提供了一种电流传感器，如图9所示，包括至少三个磁传感器单元，环绕排布在待检测区域周围，该待检测区域用于穿设待测导线。每个磁传感器单元包括第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻，第一磁电阻与第二磁电阻串联，串联后的两端分别连接电源两端，并且第二磁电阻与第一磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反。每个磁传感器单元的输出端设置于第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻之间。An embodiment of the present invention provides a current sensor, as shown in FIG. 9 , comprising at least three magnetic sensor units arranged around a region to be detected, and the region to be detected is used for passing a wire to be tested. Each magnetic sensor unit includes a first magnetoresistance and a second magnetoresistance, the first magnetoresistance is connected in series with the second magnetoresistance, and the two ends of the series connection are respectively connected to the two ends of the power supply, and the magnetic resistance of the second magnetoresistance and the first magnetoresistance Sensitivity is in the opposite direction. The output terminal of each magnetic sensor unit is arranged between the first magnetoresistance and the second magnetoresistance.
至少三个磁传感器单元包括第一磁传感器单元和第二磁传感器单元，其中，第一磁传感器单元和第二磁传感器单元中连接至相同电位源的磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反。第一磁传感器单元和第二磁传感器单元相互交错地环绕排布在待检测区域周围。第一磁传感器的输出端相接，第二磁传感器的输出端相接。The at least three magnetic sensor units include a first magnetic sensor unit and a second magnetic sensor unit, wherein the magnetic sensitivity directions of the magnetoresistances connected to the same potential source in the first magnetic sensor unit and the second magnetic sensor unit are opposite. The first magnetic sensor unit and the second magnetic sensor unit are alternately arranged around the area to be detected. The output terminals of the first magnetic sensor are connected together, and the output terminals of the second magnetic sensor are connected together.
如图9所示，10x中的11x为第一磁电阻，12x为第二磁电阻，其中x为a-h中任意一者。磁传感器单元10a-10h中，10a、10c、10e、10g为第一磁传感器单元，其第一磁电阻为正磁敏感方向，并且均连接至VCC(即第一电位源)，第二磁电阻为负磁敏感方向，并且均连接至GND(即第二电位源)；10b、10d、10f、10h为第二磁传感器单元，其第一磁电阻为负磁敏感方向，并且均连接至VCC(即第一电位源)，第二磁电阻为正磁敏感方向，并且均连接至GND(即第二电位源)，与第一磁传感器单元相反。As shown in FIG. 9 , 11x in 10x is the first magnetoresistance, and 12x is the second magnetoresistance, where x is any one of a-h. Among the magnetic sensor units 10a-10h, 10a, 10c, 10e, and 10g are the first magnetic sensor units, the first magnetic resistance of which is a positive magnetic sensitivity direction, and are all connected to VCC (i.e. the first potential source), and the second magnetic resistance 10b, 10d, 10f, and 10h are the second magnetic sensor units, the first magnetoresistance of which is the negative magnetic sensitivity direction, and are all connected to VCC ( That is, the first potential source), the second magnetoresistance is in the direction of positive magnetic sensitivity, and both are connected to GND (that is, the second potential source), which is opposite to the first magnetic sensor unit.
需要说明的是，本发明实施例提供的电流传感器中的第一磁传感器单元的输出端相接、第二磁传感器单元的输出端相接后，可以连接至数字信号处理器、嵌入式处理器等模块，或者连接至运算放大器，对第一磁传感器输出信号与第二磁传感器输出信号进行处理得到差值信号作为电流传感器的输出值。It should be noted that, after the output terminals of the first magnetic sensor unit and the output terminals of the second magnetic sensor unit are connected in the current sensor provided by the embodiment of the present invention, it can be connected to a digital signal processor, an embedded processor and other modules, or connected to an operational amplifier, to process the output signal of the first magnetic sensor and the output signal of the second magnetic sensor to obtain a difference signal as the output value of the current sensor.
当连接至运算放大器时，如图10所示，第一磁传感器单元的输出端相接后(图9中的Vo1)连接至第二运算放大器的第一输入端，第二磁传感器单元的输出端相接后(图9中的Vo2)连接至第二运算放大器的第二输入端，运算放大器被配置为差分放大器，可将第一输入端、第二输入端信号的差值进行放大并输出。When connected to an operational amplifier, as shown in Figure 10, the output terminals of the first magnetic sensor unit are connected (Vo1 in Figure 9) to the first input terminal of the second operational amplifier, and the output of the second magnetic sensor unit After the terminals are connected (Vo2 in Figure 9) to the second input terminal of the second operational amplifier, the operational amplifier is configured as a differential amplifier, which can amplify the difference between the signals at the first input terminal and the second input terminal and output .
本发明实施例提供的电流传感器的输出端相接，能够较好地抑制待测导线位置偏移或外部均匀磁场带来的误差。具体请参见实施例一，区别在于，本发明实施例提供的电流传感器的输出电压Vo2-Vo1＝2*(Vo-Vcc/2)。The output ends of the current sensors provided by the embodiments of the present invention are connected, which can better suppress errors caused by the position deviation of the wire to be tested or the external uniform magnetic field. Please refer to Embodiment 1 for details. The difference lies in that the output voltage Vo2-Vo1=2*(Vo-Vcc/2) of the current sensor provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
实施例三Embodiment Three
本发明实施例提供了一种电流传感器，如图11所示，包括至少三个磁传感器单元，环绕排布在待检测区域周围，该待检测区域用于穿设待测导线。每个磁传感器单元包括第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻，第一磁电阻与第二磁电阻串联，串联后的两端分别连接电源两端，并且第二磁电阻与第一磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反。每个磁传感器单元的输出端设置于第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻之间。An embodiment of the present invention provides a current sensor, as shown in FIG. 11 , comprising at least three magnetic sensor units arranged around a region to be detected, and the region to be detected is used for passing a wire to be tested. Each magnetic sensor unit includes a first magnetoresistance and a second magnetoresistance, the first magnetoresistance is connected in series with the second magnetoresistance, and the two ends of the series connection are respectively connected to the two ends of the power supply, and the magnetic resistance of the second magnetoresistance and the first magnetoresistance Sensitivity is in the opposite direction. The output terminal of each magnetic sensor unit is arranged between the first magnetoresistance and the second magnetoresistance.
每个磁传感器单元还包括第三磁电阻和第四磁电阻，第三磁电阻和第四磁电阻串联，串联后的两端分别连接电源两端。其中，第四磁电阻与第三磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反。每个磁传感器单元中，连接同一电位源的磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反。磁传感器单元的第一输出端设置于第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻之间，第二输出端设置于第三磁电阻和第四磁电阻之间。每个磁传感器单元的第一输出端相接，第二输出端相接。Each magnetic sensor unit further includes a third magnetoresistance and a fourth magnetoresistance, the third magnetoresistance and the fourth magnetoresistance are connected in series, and the two ends of the series connection are respectively connected to the two ends of the power supply. Wherein, the magnetic sensitivity direction of the fourth magnetoresistance is opposite to that of the third magnetoresistance. In each magnetic sensor unit, the magnetic sensitivity directions of the magnetoresistors connected to the same potential source are opposite. The first output terminal of the magnetic sensor unit is arranged between the first magnetoresistance and the second magnetoresistance, and the second output terminal is arranged between the third magnetoresistance and the fourth magnetoresistance. The first output ends of each magnetic sensor unit are connected to each other, and the second output ends are connected to each other.
如图11所示，磁传感器单元20a-20d环绕排布在待检测区域周围，对于磁传感器单元20y为例(其中y可以为a、b、c或d)，其包括第一磁电阻21y、第二磁电阻22y、第三磁电阻23y和第四磁电阻24y。第一磁电阻21y和第四磁电阻24y均为正磁敏感方向，第二磁电阻22y和第三磁电阻23y均为负磁敏感方向。第一磁电阻21y和第三磁电阻23y连接至同一电位源(VCC)，第二磁电阻22y和第四磁电阻24y连接至同一电位源(GND)。第一输出端设置于第一磁电阻21y和第二磁电阻22y之间，第二输出端设置于第三磁电阻23y和第四磁电阻24y之间。每个磁传感器单元的第一输出端相接(图11中的V+)，每个磁传感器单元的第二输出端相接(图11中的V-)。As shown in FIG. 11 , the magnetic sensor units 20a-20d are arranged around the area to be detected. For the magnetic sensor unit 20y as an example (where y can be a, b, c or d), it includes a first magnetoresistor 21y, The second magnetoresistance 22y, the third magnetoresistance 23y and the fourth magnetoresistance 24y. The first magnetoresistance 21y and the fourth magnetoresistance 24y both have positive magnetic sensitivity directions, and the second magnetoresistance 22y and the third magnetoresistance 23y both have negative magnetic sensitivity directions. The first magnetoresistance 21y and the third magnetoresistance 23y are connected to the same potential source (VCC), and the second magnetoresistance 22y and the fourth magnetoresistance 24y are connected to the same potential source (GND). The first output end is disposed between the first magnetic resistance 21y and the second magnetic resistance 22y, and the second output end is disposed between the third magnetic resistance 23y and the fourth magnetic resistance 24y. The first output terminals of each magnetic sensor unit are connected (V+ in FIG. 11 ), and the second output terminals of each magnetic sensor unit are connected (V- in FIG. 11 ).
需要说明的是，本发明实施例提供的电流传感器中，磁传感器单元的第一输出端相接、第二输出端相接后，可以连接至数字信号处理器、嵌入式处理器等模块，或者连接至运算放大器，对磁传感器单元第一输出端与磁传感器单元第二输出端的信号进行处理得到差值信号作为电流传感器的输出值。It should be noted that, in the current sensor provided by the embodiment of the present invention, after the first output terminals of the magnetic sensor unit are connected and the second output terminals are connected, they can be connected to modules such as digital signal processors and embedded processors, or It is connected to the operational amplifier, and the signals of the first output terminal of the magnetic sensor unit and the second output terminal of the magnetic sensor unit are processed to obtain a difference signal as the output value of the current sensor.
当连接至运算放大器时，如图12所示，磁传感器单元第一输出端相接后(图11中的V+)连接至第三运算放大器的第一输入端，磁传感器单元第二输出端相接后(图11中的V-)连接至第三运算放大器的第二输入端，运算放大器被配置为差分放大器，可将其第一输入端、第二输入端信号的差值进行放大并输出。When connected to an operational amplifier, as shown in Figure 12, the first output terminals of the magnetic sensor unit are connected (V+ in Figure 11) to the first input terminal of the third operational amplifier, and the second output terminals of the magnetic sensor unit are connected to each other. Then (V- in Figure 11) is connected to the second input terminal of the third operational amplifier. The operational amplifier is configured as a differential amplifier, which can amplify the difference between the signals at the first input terminal and the second input terminal and output .
本发明实施例提供的电流传感器的输出端相接，能够较好地抑制待测导线位置偏移或外部均匀磁场带来的误差。具体请参见实施例一，区别在于，本发明实施例提供的电流传感器的输出电压V+-V-＝2*(Vo-Vcc/2)。The output ends of the current sensors provided by the embodiments of the present invention are connected, which can better suppress errors caused by the position deviation of the wire to be tested or the external uniform magnetic field. Please refer to Embodiment 1 for details. The difference is that the output voltage of the current sensor provided by the embodiment of the present invention is V+-V-=2*(Vo-Vcc/2).
虽然结合附图描述了本发明的实施例，但是本领域技术人员可以在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下作出各种修改和变型，这样的修改和变型均落入由所附权利要求所限定的范围之内。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations all fall into the scope of the appended claims. within the limited range.
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