CN108489698B - System and method for train occupant secondary impact test based on electromagnetic control - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicle testing, and discloses an electromagnetic control-based secondary collision test system and method for train occupants. The system of the present invention includes: a test car, a drive car, an electromagnetic control device, an electric motor, a central control module, a track, a collision dummy, a first pressure sensor, a hydraulic control device, and a control buffer device; the tracks are arranged at fixed intervals; the drive car is placed On the track; electromagnetic control devices are installed on both sides of the track in the test area; the motor provides power to the driving car; the driving car and the test car are vertically connected by a hydraulic control device, and at least one first acceleration sensor is arranged at at least one vertical connection The drive vehicle and the test vehicle are longitudinally connected by a control buffer device, and at least one second acceleration sensor is arranged at least one connection in the longitudinal direction; the electromagnetic control device is used to precisely adjust the acceleration of the drive vehicle; dummy.

Description

System and method for train occupant secondary impact test based on electromagnetic control

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicle testing, and more specifically, to a system and method for secondary collision testing of train occupants based on electromagnetic control.

Background technique

Collision is the main accident type commonly faced by vehicles, trains, ships and other vehicles. The collision safety of vehicles is the focus of social attention and has always been a research hotspot. Although the safety level of modern trains has been greatly improved, collision accidents still cannot be completely avoided. Statistics on railway accidents in the world show that train collisions account for as high as 56% of major railway casualties, and the occupants are shocking objects in train collisions, and their casualties are shocking.

The train is composed of multiple vehicles, which has the unique "single vehicle + multi-vehicle coupling" collision problem of rail transit. The interactive coupling of shock load waves during the collision causes the dynamic mechanical behavior of each vehicle to be different, and the longitudinal linear deformation is often accompanied by vertical and lateral deformation. In addition, the secondary collision during the collision process is the main cause of occupant casualties, which is of great significance to the study of occupant passive safety. At present, most of the train crash test rigs are aimed at the research of the dynamic response of the car body, while the research on the kinematic response of the occupant secondary collision is limited to model simulation, and no real vehicle crash test rig has been built.

Contents of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to disclose a secondary collision test system and method for train occupants based on electromagnetic control, so as to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention discloses a secondary collision test system for train occupants based on electromagnetic control, including: a test car, a driving car, an electromagnetic control device, a motor, a central control module, a track, first and second acceleration sensors, Collision dummy, first pressure sensor, hydraulic control device, control buffer device;

The tracks are arranged at fixed intervals; the drive vehicles are placed on the tracks; the electromagnetic control devices are installed on both sides of the track in the test area; the motors provide power to the drive vehicles; the drive vehicles and the test vehicles The hydraulic control device is vertically connected, and at least one first acceleration sensor is arranged at at least one vertical connection; the driving car and the test car are connected longitudinally by the control buffer device, and at least At least one second acceleration sensor is arranged at a joint; the electromagnetic control device is used to precisely adjust the acceleration of the driving vehicle; an unrestrained collision dummy is placed in the test compartment;

The central control module is used to connect with the electromagnetic control device, the motor, the hydraulic control device, the control buffer device and the first and second acceleration sensors through a circuit to control the operation of the entire system; the control includes: receiving the first 1. The data returned by the second acceleration sensor forms an acceleration curve, which is compared with the preset acceleration curves at the first and second acceleration sensors and analyzed for errors. The acceleration of the driving vehicle is adjusted by controlling the electromagnetic control device. The synergy of the electromagnetic control device and the motor adjusts the acceleration of the driving vehicle, and the relative acceleration of the test vehicle and the driving vehicle is precisely controlled through the hydraulic control device and the control buffer device, so that the real-time data returned by the first and second acceleration sensors The acceleration curve is consistent with the preset acceleration curve, thereby affecting the dynamic behavior of the test vehicle in the transverse, longitudinal and vertical directions so as to simulate the secondary collision scene of the occupants in the compartment of the test vehicle.

In the present invention, preferably, in terms of acceleration control, the longitudinal direction can be controlled through the synergy of the electromagnetic control device, the electric motor, the hydraulic controller and the control buffer device; the lateral and vertical accelerations can be controlled through the hydraulic controller.

Optionally, the above-mentioned acceleration curve is the motion standard curve of each contact point of the test vehicle initially set, and the motion standard curve is obtained through numerical simulation, for example: relying on an electronic computer, combined with the concept of finite element or finite volume, through numerical calculation and image display methods to obtain the acceleration curves of each point in the actual train collision process.

Optionally, the motor is connected to the driving vehicle through a wire rope, and the motor plays a role of braking and driving the driving vehicle. Fixed barriers are arranged at both ends of the driving vehicle to ensure that the test vehicle and the driving vehicle run synchronously.

Optionally, the electromagnetic control device is a reverse electromagnetic relay, through the central control module to change the phase sequence of its three-phase power supply, to generate a braking magnetic field opposite to the actual movement, which can make the motor brake rapidly when rotating, and then Adjust the acceleration of the train.

Optionally, a prop table is set in the test compartment, and the prop table is a movable table that can adjust the distance from the dummy and its own height. For example: the prop table is composed of a telescopic rod, a sliding disc, and a replaceable desktop through physical splicing. It can adjust the height of the prop table and the distance from the seat before the test starts, and place a fourth acceleration on the prop table. The purpose of the sensor and the second pressure sensor is to test the impact pressure distribution of the prop table and the relative movement of the occupant; by adjusting the height of the prop table, the distance from the seat, the material of the prop table, etc. A collision test was conducted to optimize the design of the small table for the purpose of reducing occupant damage.

Preferably, the interior of the test vehicle is composed of a collision dummy, a prop table, and a high-speed photography device. A fourth acceleration sensor and a second pressure sensor are placed on the prop table. The dummy is provided with 7 test points, namely the head, the In the neck, back, front chest, abdomen, legs and hands, the first pressure sensor, displacement sensor and third acceleration sensor are placed in the required research parts; the high-speed camera device is placed on the top of the test vehicle to record the collision The trajectory of the dummy in the secondary collision.

The program of the central control module adopts instruction list language, which is a low-level programming language, which can be easily mastered by technicians without computer foundation. Programming; transfer to the data register through the communication interface, then convert the programming language into mechanical language through the CPU, and finally provide the input terminal to pass to the components connected to the central control module.

Said programs are respectively start-up program, monitoring program, reset program, and termination program; the start-up program is to turn on the electric motor to pull the driving car, activate each controller, turn on the high-speed photography device, adjust the height and distance of the prop table according to the default, and adjust the acceleration sensor Input the preset acceleration curve to start the whole test; the monitoring program is based on the data measured by each acceleration sensor, comparing the acceleration curve of each contact point input at the beginning of the test with the acceleration of the driving vehicle for a period of time; the reset program is for the operation During the process, the acceleration curve transmitted by the acceleration sensor at each contact point of the test vehicle does not match the preset value or the acceleration of the test vehicle does not match the preset value for a period of time. Collaborative corrections ensure the accuracy of the test; the termination procedure is to reduce the speed of the driving car through the electromagnetic control device, stop, close all components, and transmit all test data to the CPU for summary.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention also discloses a secondary collision test method for train occupants based on electromagnetic control, which includes the following steps;

Build a secondary crash test system for train occupants, the system includes: test car, driving car, electromagnetic control device, electric motor, central control module, track, first and second acceleration sensors, collision dummy, hydraulic control device, control buffer device; the tracks are arranged at fixed intervals; the driving car is placed on the track; the electromagnetic control device is installed on both sides of the track in the test area; the motor provides power to the driving car; the driving car and the The test vehicle is vertically connected with the hydraulic control device, and at least one first acceleration sensor is arranged at at least one vertical connection; the drive vehicle and the test vehicle are vertically connected with the control buffer device, and vertically At least one second acceleration sensor is arranged at at least one connection point; the electromagnetic control device is used to precisely adjust the acceleration of the driving vehicle; an unrestrained collision dummy is placed in the test compartment; the electromagnetic control device, electric motor, hydraulic pressure The control device, the control buffer device, and the first and second acceleration sensors are connected to the central control module;

The central control module receives the data sent back by the first and second acceleration sensors to form an acceleration curve, and compares and analyzes errors with the acceleration curves preset at the places where the first and second acceleration sensors are installed. The synergy of the driving vehicle is adjusted to the acceleration of the driving vehicle, and the relative acceleration of the test vehicle and the driving vehicle is precisely controlled through the hydraulic control device and the control buffer device, so that the real-time acceleration curve returned by the first and second acceleration sensors is consistent with the preset Acceleration curves are consistent with each other, thereby affecting the lateral, longitudinal and vertical dynamic behavior of the test vehicle to simulate the secondary collision scene of the occupants in the compartment of the test vehicle.

Preferably, the inventive method also includes:

A prop table is set in the test compartment, and the prop table is a movable table that can adjust the distance from the dummy and the height of itself;

Adjust the height and distance of the table before the start of the test, so as to measure the impact mechanism of the height and position of the table on the degree of secondary collision damage of train occupants, and arrange the first device connected to the central control module on the prop table. Two pressure sensors and a fourth acceleration sensor are used to optimize the design of the prop table according to the feedback results of the second pressure sensor and the fourth acceleration sensor.

Preferably, the inventive method also includes:

Divide the track into acceleration zone, sliding zone and test zone;

Accelerated movement of the train in the acceleration zone;

In the taxiing area, when the train is moving at a constant speed and the acceleration is zero, it enters the test area;

In the test area, the secondary collision scene of the occupants is simulated. According to the third acceleration sensor, pressure sensor, and displacement sensor on the dummy, the damage of the dummy in the secondary collision is obtained, so that the user can carry out the internal structure of the vehicle during the secondary collision. Optimized design.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

Integrating driving, braking, central control and test parameter collection, and comprehensively considering the impact of the interior decoration on the occupant damage during the train collision process, the actual vehicle test research of the secondary collision of the train occupants is realized. The structure is simple, novel and easy to implement , and the structure is stable, the economy is good, and it has broad application prospects.

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a secondary collision test system for train occupants based on electromagnetic control disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

【Description of labels】

In the attached picture:

1—Test vehicle, 2—Hydraulic control device, 3—Track, 4—Drive car, 5—Central control module, 6—Electric motor, 7—High-speed photography device, 8—Electromagnetic control device, 9—Acceleration sensor, 10—Lighting Device, 11—collision dummy, 12—pressure sensor, 13—displacement sensor, 14—speed sensor, 15—fixed barrier, 16—control buffer device, 17—prop table.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways defined and covered by the claims.

Example 1

This embodiment discloses a secondary collision test system for train occupants based on electromagnetic control, as shown in Figure 1, including:

Test car 1, hydraulic control device 2, track 3, drive car 4, central control module 5, motor 6, high-speed camera device 7, electromagnetic control device 8, acceleration sensor 9, lighting device 10, crash dummy 11, pressure sensor 12 , displacement sensor 13, speed sensor 14, fixed barrier 15, control buffer device 16, prop table 17.

The tracks are arranged at fixed intervals; the drive vehicles are placed on the tracks; the electromagnetic control devices are installed on both sides of the track in the test area; the motors provide power to the drive vehicles; the drive vehicles and the test vehicles The hydraulic control device is vertically connected, and at least one first acceleration sensor is arranged at at least one vertical connection; the driving car and the test car are connected longitudinally by the control buffer device, and at least At least one second acceleration sensor is arranged at a joint; the electromagnetic control device is used to precisely adjust the acceleration of the driving vehicle; an unrestrained collision dummy is placed in the test compartment;

The central control module is used to connect with the electromagnetic control device, the motor, the hydraulic control device, the control buffer device and the first and second acceleration sensors through a circuit to control the operation of the entire system; the control includes: receiving the first 1. The data returned by the second acceleration sensor forms an acceleration curve, which is compared with the preset acceleration curves at the first and second acceleration sensors and analyzed for errors. The acceleration of the driving vehicle is adjusted by controlling the electromagnetic control device. The synergy of the electromagnetic control device and the motor adjusts the acceleration of the driving vehicle, and the relative acceleration of the test vehicle and the driving vehicle is precisely controlled through the hydraulic control device and the control buffer device, so that the real-time data returned by the first and second acceleration sensors The acceleration curve is consistent with the preset acceleration curve, thereby affecting the dynamic behavior of the test vehicle in the transverse, longitudinal and vertical directions so as to simulate the secondary collision scene of the occupants in the compartment of the test vehicle. Among them, in terms of acceleration control, the longitudinal direction can be controlled through the synergy of the electromagnetic control device, electric motor, hydraulic controller and control buffer device; the lateral and vertical acceleration can be controlled through the hydraulic controller.

As shown in Figure 1, the both sides of the driving vehicle of the present embodiment are provided with fixed barriers 15, and the test vehicle is connected with the fixed barriers on both sides with the control buffer device 16 in the lateral direction. Optionally, the control buffer device can be spring etc. Further, in this embodiment, a speed sensor 14 is added on the track to assist the multi-point coordinated control of the above-mentioned central control module.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, a high-speed photographic device 7 is placed above the passenger area of the test vehicle for photographing the trajectory of the collision dummy in the vehicle during the collision; The collision dummy is equipped with a first pressure sensor, a displacement sensor and a third acceleration sensor connected to the central control module on the dummy. Furthermore, the system of this embodiment is additionally equipped with an illumination device 10 to assist the user in observing and performing operations such as image capture.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1 , the system of this embodiment is also provided with a tool table 17 in the test compartment. Optionally, the prop table is a movable table that can adjust the distance from the dummy and its own height; adjust the height and distance of the table before the test starts, so as to measure the height and position of the table. The impact mechanism of the secondary collision damage degree, and the second pressure sensor and the fourth acceleration sensor connected to the central control module are arranged on the prop table, so that according to the feedback results of the second pressure sensor and the fourth acceleration sensor Optimize the design of the prop table.

Optionally, the central control module in this embodiment is a group of programmable logic controllers, which are composed of CPU, communication interface, input port, output port, power supply, etc.; the power supply module can input AC100-120V/200-240V, and output : DC5v5A, the CPU collects the data and status of the site by scanning, and stores them in the data register, reads the instructions in the data register after the official operation, generates control signals and then directs the control circuit; the communication interface refers to the central control The digital interface for the module to communicate with other external systems; the input/output port is the control module attached to the central control module, the input port can receive the acceleration curve transmitted by other components (such as: acceleration sensor) in the system, and the output port is the Control signals are communicated to other components (for example: to an electromagnetic control unit to adjust an accelerometer).

The electric motor drives and brakes the driving car through the left and right steel wire ropes, and the driving car is connected to the fixed barrier through the control buffer device to ensure the synchronous operation of the test car and the driving car.

Optionally, the electromagnetic control device in this embodiment is a reverse relay, which realizes the pull-in and disconnection of the switch contacts by generating magnetic force. In this system, under the control of the central control module, the speed and acceleration of the driving vehicle can be precisely adjusted. Its working principle is to change the phase sequence of its three-phase power supply through the central control module, and generate a braking magnetic field opposite to the actual movement, which can make the motor brake rapidly when rotating, and play a role in adjusting the drive under the control of the central control module. The effect of vehicle acceleration is different from that of the frequency converter electromagnetic control device, which has lower requirements on the working environment, and does not need to work in a place without water mist or dust, but the train test cannot avoid the problem of low working environment.

Optionally, the prop table in this embodiment is composed of telescopic rods, sliding discs, and replaceable desktops through physical splicing. Before the test starts, the height of the prop table and the distance from the dummy can be adjusted, and the first The purpose of the four acceleration sensors and the second pressure sensor is to test the impact pressure distribution of the prop table and the relative motion of the occupant; by adjusting the height of the prop table, the distance from the seat, the material of the prop table and other parameters, carry out different Occupant secondary crash test, to optimize the design of the small table for the purpose of reducing occupant damage.

The interior of the test vehicle is composed of a collision dummy, a prop table, and a high-speed photography device. The fourth acceleration sensor and the second pressure sensor are placed on the prop table. The dummy is equipped with 7 test points, namely the head, neck, back, For the front chest, abdomen, legs and hands, the first pressure sensor, displacement sensor and third acceleration sensor are placed in the required research parts; the high-speed camera device is placed on the top of the test vehicle to record the crash of the dummy in the second Motion trajectory during collision.

Optionally, the control program of the central control module in this embodiment is to control the switches of the relays under the guidance of each instruction, and complete the normal operation and control of the entire system through the on-off of all subordinate relays; The programs are the startup program, the monitoring program, the reset program, and the termination program, which are executed sequentially under the sequential scanning of the CPU.

The start-up procedure is to turn on the motor to pull the driving car, activate each controller, turn on the high-speed photography device, adjust the height and distance of the prop table, and input the preset acceleration curve to the acceleration sensor to start the whole test; the monitoring program is based on the feedback from each acceleration sensor Data, compare the acceleration curve input at the beginning of the test with the speed of the driving vehicle at different time points and the acceleration within a period of time; If the speed or acceleration of the car does not match the preset within a certain period of time, it shall be corrected through the electromagnetic control program to ensure the accuracy of the test; All data is transferred to the CPU for summarization.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the track can be divided into an acceleration zone, a sliding zone and a test zone; the specific division of labor is as follows:

The train accelerates in the acceleration zone; when the speed of the driving car increases from zero to the preset speed, the train enters the sliding zone;

In the sliding area, when the driving vehicle is moving at a constant speed and the relative acceleration between the test vehicle and the driving vehicle is zero, it enters the test area;

In the test area, each power module is controlled by the central control module to simulate the secondary collision scene of the occupants in the test vehicle compartment, and according to the third and fourth acceleration sensors, the first and second pressure sensors, and the displacement sensor, The dummy's damage in the secondary collision and the data analysis of the impact of the prop table on the dummy's damage are obtained, and the interior structure of the car in the secondary collision is optimized after the test.

The pulling force provided by the electric motor in the acceleration zone is calculated by the following formula:

F=m×(v ² /2L)+mgμ, where F is the pulling force; m is the sum of the mass of the driving car and the above components; v is the preset initial driving speed; L is the length of the track in the acceleration zone; μ is the friction of the track coefficient.

The crash dummy 11 is provided with 7 test points, namely the head, neck, back, front chest, abdomen, legs and hands, and pressure sensors, displacement sensors and acceleration sensors are respectively arranged at each test point.

After the test, the acceleration curve of each contact point of the test vehicle (that is, the above-mentioned "connection") and the initial driving speed of the test vehicle are obtained. Compared with the preset acceleration curve, the error is within 4%, which proves that the test is feasible. As shown in Figure 1, the relevant contact points include 4 contact points between the hydraulic controller and the test vehicle and 2 contact points between the control spring and the test vehicle; The air spring between and the connecting device at both ends of the car body. In this embodiment, the acceleration sensors are installed at the aforementioned six contact points to measure the horizontal, vertical and vertical accelerations of each contact point respectively. Wherein, the horizontal direction represents the left-right direction facing the front of the vehicle, the vertical direction represents the track direction, and the vertical direction represents the up-down direction.

Example 2

Corresponding to the above-mentioned system, this embodiment discloses a method for secondary collision test of train occupants based on electromagnetic control, including the following steps;

Step S1, building a secondary collision test system for train occupants, said system comprising: a test vehicle, a driving vehicle, an electromagnetic control device, an electric motor, a central control module, a track, first and second acceleration sensors, a collision dummy, and a hydraulic control device 1. Control the buffer device; the track is arranged at fixed intervals; the driving car is placed on the track; the electromagnetic control device is installed on both sides of the track in the test area; the motor provides power for the driving car; the driving car The test vehicle is vertically connected with the hydraulic control device, and at least one first acceleration sensor is arranged at at least one vertical connection point; the driving vehicle and the test vehicle are vertically connected with the control buffer device, And at least one second acceleration sensor is arranged at least one connection in the longitudinal direction; the electromagnetic control device is used to precisely adjust the acceleration of the driving vehicle; the unrestrained collision dummy is placed in the test compartment; the electromagnetic control device, The electric motor, the hydraulic control device, the control buffer device and the first and second acceleration sensors are connected with the central control module.

Step S2, the central control module receives the data sent back by the first and second acceleration sensors to form an acceleration curve, and compares and analyzes errors with the acceleration curves preset at the places where the first and second acceleration sensors are installed, and through electromagnetic control The synergy between the device and the motor adjusts the acceleration of the driving vehicle, and the relative acceleration of the test vehicle and the driving vehicle is precisely controlled through the hydraulic control device and the control buffer device, so that the real-time acceleration curves returned by the first and second acceleration sensors It is consistent with the preset acceleration curve, thereby affecting the dynamic behavior of the test vehicle in the transverse, longitudinal and vertical directions, so as to simulate the secondary collision scene of the occupants in the compartment of the test vehicle. Among them, in terms of acceleration control, the longitudinal direction can be controlled through the synergy of the electromagnetic control device, motor, hydraulic controller and control buffer device; the lateral and vertical accelerations are controlled through the hydraulic controller, because the driving car must run on the track. There can only be longitudinal acceleration, so the acceleration in the longitudinal and vertical directions must be obtained by adjusting the relative acceleration of the test vehicle and the driving vehicle.

Optionally, the method in this embodiment also includes:

A prop table is set in the test compartment, and the prop table is a movable table that can adjust the distance from the dummy and the height of itself;

Adjust the height and distance of the table before the start of the test, so as to measure the impact mechanism of the height and position of the table on the degree of secondary collision damage of train occupants, and arrange the first device connected to the central control module on the prop table. Two pressure sensors and a fourth acceleration sensor are used to optimize the design of the prop table according to the feedback results of the second pressure sensor and the fourth acceleration sensor.

Preferably, the present embodiment method also includes:

Divide the track into acceleration zone, sliding zone and test zone;

Accelerated movement of the train in the acceleration zone;

In the taxiing area, when the train is moving at a constant speed and the acceleration is zero, it enters the test area;

In the test area, the secondary collision scene of the occupants is simulated. According to the third acceleration sensor, pressure sensor, and displacement sensor on the dummy, the damage of the dummy in the secondary collision is obtained, so that the user can carry out the internal structure of the vehicle during the secondary collision. Optimized design.

To sum up, the electromagnetic control-based secondary collision test system and method for train occupants respectively disclosed in the above embodiments of the present invention integrates driving, braking, central control and test parameter collection, and comprehensively considers the interior decoration of the train during the collision process. The impact on occupant damage has realized the actual vehicle test research of the secondary collision of train occupants. The structure is simple, novel, easy to realize, stable in structure, good in economy, and has broad application prospects.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A secondary collision test system for train occupants based on electromagnetic control, characterized in that: comprising: test car, driving car, electromagnetic control device, electric motor, central control module, track, first and second acceleration sensors, collision dummy Person, first pressure sensor, hydraulic control device, control buffer device; The tracks are arranged at fixed intervals; the drive vehicles are placed on the tracks; the electromagnetic control devices are installed on both sides of the track in the test area; the motors provide power to the drive vehicles; the drive vehicles and the test vehicles The hydraulic control device is vertically connected, and at least one first acceleration sensor is arranged at at least one vertical connection; the driving car and the test car are connected longitudinally by the control buffer device, and at least At least one second acceleration sensor is arranged at a joint; the electromagnetic control device is used to precisely adjust the acceleration of the driving vehicle; an unrestrained collision dummy is placed in the test compartment; The central control module is used to connect with the electromagnetic control device, the motor, the hydraulic control device, the control buffer device and the first and second acceleration sensors through a circuit to control the operation of the entire system; the control includes: receiving the first, The data returned by the second acceleration sensor forms an acceleration curve, which is compared with the preset acceleration curves at the first and second acceleration sensors and analyzed for errors. The acceleration of the driving vehicle is adjusted by controlling the electromagnetic control device. The synergy between the device and the motor adjusts the acceleration of the driving vehicle, and the relative acceleration of the test vehicle and the driving vehicle is precisely controlled through the hydraulic control device and the control buffer device, so that the real-time acceleration curves returned by the first and second acceleration sensors It is consistent with the preset acceleration curve, thereby affecting the dynamic behavior of the test vehicle in the transverse, longitudinal and vertical directions, so as to simulate the secondary collision scene of the occupants in the compartment of the test vehicle. 2 . The electromagnetic control-based secondary collision test system for train occupants according to claim 1 , wherein the motor is connected to the driving vehicle through a wire rope, and the motor provides power to the driving vehicle. 3 . 3. A kind of train occupant secondary impact test system based on electromagnetic control according to claim 1, characterized in that, the electromagnetic control device is a reverse electromagnetic relay, and its three phases are changed by the central control module The phase sequence of the power supply generates a braking magnetic field opposite to the actual movement so that the electric motor brakes rapidly when rotating, and then adjusts the acceleration of the driving vehicle. 4. The secondary collision test system for train occupants based on electromagnetic control according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: a prop table is set in the test compartment, and the prop table is an adjustable A movable table with a distance from the dummy and its own height; adjust the height and distance of the table before the start of the test to measure the impact mechanism of the height and position of the table on the degree of secondary collision damage of the train occupants, and in the A second pressure sensor and a fourth acceleration sensor connected to the central control module are arranged on the prop table, so as to optimize the design of the prop table according to the feedback results of the second pressure sensor and the fourth acceleration sensor. 5. The secondary collision test system for train occupants based on electromagnetic control according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a high-speed photographing device is arranged above the passenger area of the test car compartment for photographing the compartment during the collision The motion trajectory of the inner collision dummy; the collision dummy in an unconstrained sitting posture is placed on the seat, and the first pressure sensor, displacement sensor and third acceleration sensor connected to the central control module are arranged on the dummy. 6. The train occupant secondary collision test system based on electromagnetic control according to claim 4, further comprising: said test vehicle compartment, a high-speed photographing device is arranged above the passenger area for photographing the inside of the compartment during the collision process. The motion trajectory of the collision dummy; the collision dummy in an unconstrained sitting posture is placed on the seat, and the first pressure sensor, displacement sensor and third acceleration sensor connected to the central control module are arranged on the dummy. 7. A secondary collision test method for train occupants based on electromagnetic control, characterized in that, comprising the following steps; Build a secondary crash test system for train occupants, the system includes: test car, driving car, electromagnetic control device, electric motor, central control module, track, first and second acceleration sensors, collision dummy, hydraulic control device, control buffer device; the tracks are arranged at fixed intervals; the driving car is placed on the track; the electromagnetic control device is installed on both sides of the track in the test area; the motor provides power to the driving car; the driving car and the The test vehicle is vertically connected with the hydraulic control device, and at least one first acceleration sensor is arranged at at least one vertical connection; the drive vehicle and the test vehicle are vertically connected with the control buffer device, and vertically At least one second acceleration sensor is arranged at at least one connection point; the electromagnetic control device is used to precisely adjust the acceleration of the driving vehicle; an unrestrained collision dummy is placed in the test compartment; the electromagnetic control device, electric motor, hydraulic pressure The control device, the control buffer device, and the first and second acceleration sensors are connected to the central control module; The central control module receives the data sent back by the first and second acceleration sensors to form an acceleration curve, and compares and analyzes errors with the acceleration curves preset at the places where the first and second acceleration sensors are installed. The synergy of the driving vehicle is adjusted to the acceleration of the driving vehicle, and the relative acceleration of the test vehicle and the driving vehicle is precisely controlled through the hydraulic control device and the control buffer device, so that the real-time acceleration curve returned by the first and second acceleration sensors is consistent with the preset Acceleration curves are consistent with each other, thereby affecting the lateral, longitudinal and vertical dynamic behavior of the test vehicle to simulate the secondary collision scene of the occupants in the compartment of the test vehicle. 8. The train passenger secondary collision test method based on electromagnetic control according to claim 7, is characterized in that, also comprises: A prop table is set in the test compartment, and the prop table is a movable table that can adjust the distance from the dummy and the height of itself; Adjust the height and distance of the table before the start of the test, so as to measure the impact mechanism of the height and position of the table on the degree of secondary collision damage of the train occupants, and arrange the first device connected to the central control module on the prop table. Two pressure sensors and a fourth acceleration sensor are used to optimize the design of the prop table according to the feedback results of the second pressure sensor and the fourth acceleration sensor. 9. The electromagnetic control-based secondary collision test method for train occupants according to claim 7 or 8, further comprising: Divide the track into acceleration zone, sliding zone and test zone; Accelerated movement of the train in the accelerated zone; In the taxiing area, when the train is moving at a constant speed and the acceleration is zero, it enters the test area; In the test area, the scene of the secondary collision of the occupants is simulated, and according to the third acceleration sensor, pressure sensor, and displacement sensor on the dummy, the damage of the dummy in the secondary collision is obtained, so that the user can carry out the internal structure of the vehicle during the secondary collision. Optimized design.